GB2045988A

GB2045988A - Emergency signalling system

Info

Publication number: GB2045988A
Application number: GB8009381A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: TRW Repa Feinstanzwerk GmbH
Current assignee: TRW Repa Feinstanzwerk GmbH
Priority date: 1979-03-29
Filing date: 1980-03-20
Publication date: 1980-11-05
Also published as: AU534826B2; US4369426A; JPS55131900A; SE444091B; FR2452750B1; AU5696380A; FR2452750A1; GB2045988B; SE8002327L; DE2912547A1; DE2912547C2

Description

1 GB 2 045 988 A 1

SPECIFICATION Emergency Call Systems for Vehicles

The present invention relates to an emergency signalling system for indicating a vehicle accident.

The number of traffic accidents and resultant deaths and injuries, especially in road traffic accidents, grows from year to year. Apart from legal measures concerning road safety, attempts to mitigate the consequences of traffic accidents revolve around constant improvements of safety systems in vehicles, for example safety belts. By their nature, however, these safety systems cannot prevent injury of the vehicle occupants in severe accidents. To keep the consequences of such injuries within limits by the most rapid possible medical care, emergency posts are installed at relatively short spacings on long distance roads, for example motorways, which posts are connected with a receiving station, for example the nearest police station, and from which notification of the accident as well as the location thereof can be signalled and medical help requested.

Such an emergency call system has different disadvantages. For one thing, it entails high investment costs so that it is only feasible to equip long-distance roads with such emergency call posts. In addition, this emergency call system must be operated by human agency, i.e.

notification of an accident can take place only 95 when the vehicle occupant or a third party present at the location of the accident operates the emergency call post.

There is accordingly a need for an emergency call system in which an exact indication of the accident and of the location of the accident takes place automatically, i.e. without human agency.

According to the present invention, there is provided an emergency signalling system for indicating a vehicle accident, the system comprising a vehicle provided with a sensor for detecting accident impact of the vehicle and with transmission means automatically actuable by the sensor to emit an emergency signal on detection by the sensor of such an impact, and at least one 110 receiving station for receiving such signal.

An advantage of a system embodying the invention is that an emergency signal can be transmitted immediately after an accident beyond a certain accident severity, even when the vehicle 115 occupants are no longer capable of summoning assistance or when the accident takes place at a time when nobody else is present to notify the rescue services through the conventional emergency call post. Since the emergency signal 120 is triggered automatically, the vehicle occupants do not have to manually trigger an emergency call system by any kind of action. In this case, the fixed installation of emergency call posts is redundant. Rather, the police stations or other receiving stations, distributed over the entire country, can be equipped with appropriate receiving devices, whereby accidents can be registered when taking place on minor roads. Of course, the emergency signalling system is not restricted to road vehicles; it is equally applicable to air, water and rail vehicles.

Preferably, the transmission means comprises a radio transmitter, set to a predetermined emergency frequency, and a transmitting aerial. For example, a known type of citizen band radio can be used as the transmitter. In this case, it is advantageous if the transmitter is so constructed and arranged that emission of an emergency signal is guaranteed in the event of a crash. The transmitter is thus preferably arranged at a part of the vehicle which according to experience, remains undestroyed even in severe accidents. Similarly, the aerial is preferably secured, for example by cementing, to a vehicle part of particularly stable shape, so that destruction in the case of an accident can be prevented.

Advantageously, the sensor is electronic, is suitable for the delivery of trigger pulses to acuate the transmitting device, and has different triggering thresholds set to stepped crash loadings for the triggering of different emergency signals in the transmission means. In this case, the triggering threshold values can be associated with triggering or retardation pulses which are of different durations and characterise the severity of the impact force. A known electrical or electronic ignition pulse device is preferably provided as the sensor. Such ignition pulse devices are known in connection with inertia reel safety belts or in electronic sensors for ignition pulse delivery in air pack equipment. It is possible through the afore-mentioned, different threshold values of the sensor to set priorities in respect of the aid measures in correspondence with the signalled severity of an accident in the event of simultaneous emergency signal delivery from several vehicles. Each threshold value could determine a different kind of emergency signal so that the receiving station can identify the severity of the accident from the incoming signal. It is therefore possible for a duty controller to give priority attention to the emergency signal which indicates the greatest severity of accident.

There is also the possibility of operatively connecting the sensor to an occupant safety system, preferably a safety belt, mounted in the vehicle, the sensor being adapted to deliver or trigger additional pulses, indicating use or nonuse of the safety system, for the transmission means in the event of an accident.

For preference, an indicating or switching element, which is connected with the sensor, indicates the triggering of the sensor and can be operated to deactivate the sensor, tteelement being provided in the vehicle. By the automatic triggering of the emergency system, this triggering is simultaneously indicated to the vehicle occupants acoustically or optically. Should the vehicle occupant, in spite of the severity of the accident, not have suffered any injuries, it is possible for the occupant to interrupt the automatically instituted emergency call in order to avoid unnecessary use of the rescue service.

2 GB 2 045 988 A 2 An embodiment of the present invention will now be more particularly described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which.-- Fig. 1 is a topographical diagram of an emergency signalling system, with receiving stations, duty centre and accident location, according to the said embodiment, Fig. 2 is a schematic elevation of a vehicle, which is equipped with a sensor and a transmitting device of the system, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing operating modes of:

the sensor.

Referring now to the drawings, in Fig. 1 there l 5 are shown intersecting roads 1 and 2, with a 80 traffic accident having occurred at the intersection U. The emergency system comprises receiving stations or bearing-taking stations A, B and C, which are equipped with radioreceiving devices and are connected through signalling lines d, e and f with a duty centre Z.

Also included in the system is a vehicle 3 with a sensor 4 and transmission means consisting of a transmitter 5, for example a radio 5 and a transmitting aerial 6. The sensor 4, transmitter 5 and aerial 6 are so constructed and so mounted on the vehicle 3 that in the event of a crash they are not destroyed or at least are still capable of delivering an emergency call signal. The transmitter 5 can consist of a known citizen band radio, and the aerial 6 is either fastened on the vehicle roof to be resiliently yielding or else is fastened, for example by cementing, to a vehicle part of particularly stable shape. The sensor 4 is operatively connected, for example electrically, with the transmitter and consists of electrical or electronic equipment as used in air pack or seat belt inertia reel equipment. In the event of a crash, the sensor delivers an ignition pulse and thereby actuates the transmission means for the delivery of an emergency signal. The sensor 4 can equally well consist of a triggering mechanism which, as the triggering element, contains a movable body which in the event of a crash, thus on sudden deceleration of the vehicle, is displaced out of a 1 rest position into a triggering position. For the body to move and actuate the triggering mechanism, a predetermined threshold value must be exceeded.

The sensor has three triggering threshold values a, b and c, as indicated in Fig. 3. In the diagram according to Fig. 3, a triggering signal time t with threshold value time sections a, b and c and threshold value triggering times fl, t2 and t3 is entered on the abscissa and a trigger 120 intensity b, for example the magnitude of the impact force in the event of a crash, is entered on the ordinate. The course of a triggering or retardation signal pulse is designated by 7. With low triggering intensity, i.e. in the event of a light accident, a triggering pulse is passed to the transmission means over the time section a and causes the transmitter to deliver an emergency signal of certain length or type, for example a 65---modulated signal, which can be identified by a receiving station as belonging to the threshold value section a. With greater triggering intensity on exceeding of the threshold value bl, which corresponds to an accident or crash loading of medium severity, either the triggering pulse 7 is prolonged or delayed beyond the time section b or a different kind of signal is delivered, and the resulting emergency signal is caused to characterise this severity of accident. A severe accident is signalled to the receiving station by a corresponding different emergency signal on the threshold value b2 being exceeded.

The emergency signal emitted by the transmission means is received by the receiving stations A, B and C, which take a bearing on the transmitter 5 and identify the accident location corresponding to the intersection U of the bearing lines 8, 9 and 10 illustrated in Fig. 1. The receiving stations A, B and C transmit the -accident location through the lines d, e and fto the duty centre Z for initiation of immediate rescue measures. Due to the transmission of different emergency signals corresponding to the different threshold values, the duty centre can set priorities when several emergency signals are received at the same time, by initiating assistance measures preferentially to severe accidents compared with less severe accidents.

As indicated in Fig. 2, the sensor 4 can be operatively connected to a safety system, for example a safety belt 11, in the vehicle so that in the event of a crash it is indicated by a -yes- or 11 no- statement to the duty centre whether or not the safety system was in use by the vehicle occupants. In this manner, the duty centre receives information beyond the mere notifying of the accident and by virtue of which conclusions can be drawn concerning the consequences of the accident. This additional information can, for example, be effected in such a manner that a fastening element 12 of the safety belt 11 actuates, through an appropriate switching element, a sensor switch part which in turn causes the emission of an additional signal in the transmission means.

Moreover, the sensor 4 can, as shown in Fig. 2, be operatively connected to an indicating and switching element 13 in such a manner that the triggering of the sensor and thereby the actuation of the transmission means is indicated acoustically or optically so that the vehicle occupant has the option of interrupting the automatically initiated emergency call if he is not injured in such a manner that a rescue measure would be required. In this manner, unnecessary use of the rescue service can be avoided.

Claims

1. An emergency signalling system for indicating a vehicle accident, the system comprising a vehicle provided with a sensor for detecting accident impact of the vehicle and with transmission means automatically actuable by the sensor to emit an emergency signal on detection by the sensor of such an impact, and at least one 3 GB 2 045 988 A 3 receiving station for receiving such signal.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1, the transmission means comprising a radio transmitter adapted to transmit at a predetermined emergency frequency.

3. A system as claimed in either claim 1 or claim 2, the transmission means being so constructed and mounted in the vehicle as to be substantially secure from damage in the event of 40 such impact.

4. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the transmission means comprisinGf a radio aerial secured to a part of the vehicle substantially unsusceptible to damage in the vent of such impact.

5. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor comprises an electronic device operable to deliver a trigger signal to actuate the transmission means, the device being adapted to classify the magnitude of the force of an impact by reference to at least one predetermined threshold magnitude and to cause the transmission means to emit different emergency signals according to the force of such 55 impact.

6. A.system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the device is adapted to provide trigger signals of different pulse lengths in dependence on the magnitude of the impact force.

7. A system as claimed in either claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the electronic device comprises an ignition pulse generator.

8. A system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sensor comprises a trigger mechanism actuable by inertial displacement of a movable body.

9. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vehicle is further provided with a selectably usable occupant safety means and the sensor comprises means to detect use or non-use of the safety means in the event of such an impact and to deliver correspondingly different trigger signals to the transmission means for actuation thereof.

10. A system as claimed in any one of the.

preceding claims, wherein the vehicle is further provided with means to indicate activation of the sensor and means to selectably cle-activate the sensor.

11. A system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, further comprising additional receiving stations arranged at distances from each other and the first-mentioned receiving station, the stations being adapted to receive such emergency signal and to provide signals identifying the location of the vehicle, and a control centre-linked to the receiving stations to receive signals therefrom.

12. An emergency signalling system for indicating a vehicle accident, the system being substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office by the Courier Press, Leamington Spa, 1980. Published by the Patent Office. 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC2A lAY, from which copies may be obtained.