GB1592438A

GB1592438A - Flexibly locked cover for road or like surfaces

Info

Publication number: GB1592438A
Application number: GB4653/78A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1977-02-07
Filing date: 1978-02-06
Publication date: 1981-07-08
Also published as: DK156010C; BE863484A; CH628104A5; AT372131B; DE2805021C2; SE7801406L; DE2805021A1; NL165522C; FR2379655B1; DK53178A; FR2379655A1; NL165522B; LU79014A1; SE432793B; ATA85878A; NL7701246A; DK156010B; ES466710A1

Abstract

Manhole cover for thoroughfares, having an annular seat (1) which is made of rubber and lies between a frame (4) and a manhole lid (8). The seat (1) has recesses protruding radially outwards and projections (15a) protruding radially inwards in an alternating manner on its inner circumferential surface (15). The lid (8) has correspondingly arranged recesses extending radially inwards and projections (16a) extending radially outwards on its circumferential surface (16) so that the lid (8) can be inserted into the frame (4) via the corresponding recesses but so that it can no longer be lifted off the frame (4) after it is turned relative to the frame (4) by the angular extent of one of the recesses, since the projections (15a, 16a) allocated to one another reach behind one another. <IMAGE>

Description

(54) A FLEXIBLY LOCKED COVER FOR ROAD OR LIKE SURFACES (71) I, EGBERTUS SIJBOLT RAATJES, a Dutch Subject of Sparrenlaan 9, Soest, The Netherlands, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The invention relates to a cover to be disposed in the surface of, e.g., a thoroughfare, and provided with means by way of which a lid, after having been put thereon in a certain position with respect to a frame, can be fixed by relative angular displacement between the lid and the frame.

In some such covers locking means are formed by a stationary cam, extending outwardly from the periphery of the lid, which cam, when the lid is located, can by a rotational movement of the lid pass through a recess in the frame and so grip the frame. Tipping up of the lid and the loosening thereof on the frame, by striking and frictional forces exerted by a passing vehicle are thereby hoped to be prevented.

In order to exclude a further rotational movement in the frame from this position of the lid, a safety lock, e.g., in the shape of a locking pin is used at a suitable location at the periphery between the upper faces of lid and frame.

The lid then is fixed in respect of the frame it is true. Nevertheless, it has appeared in practice that, as a result of vibrations generated by traffic driving over and near to the cover, the contacting metal surfaces of lid and frame, as well as the parts which have to ensure the above-mentioned fixing in the long run are subject to such wear that the breakage of the locking pin, the lid or the frame is unavoidable. The invention aims at overcoming this drawback.

The invention provides a cover for in corporation in a road surface comprising a frame and a lid provided with corresponding projections and recesses to enable the lid to be locked into the frame in the manner of a bayonet catch, and also comprising an elastic seating member between the horizontal bearing surfaces of the frame and the lid, wherein the seating member is attached either to the frame or to the lid and is provided on its exposed peripheral face with projections which together with projections on the lid or the frame respectively make up the bolt means of the bayonet catch.

Since in case of the cover according to the invention, portions of the resilient seating member are always present between frame and lid, any metallic contact and, consequently, wear of fetal parts is excluded.

In an embodiment of the cover according to the invention, the seating member is attached to the bearing face of the frame and the seating member at its radial inner surface is alternately provided around its periphery with radially outwardly extending recesses and radially inwardly extending projections or cams, the lid having an equal number of radially inwardly extending recesses and radially outwardly extending projections or cams on its corresponding face.

In another embodiment of the covering the seating member is, according to the invention, attached to the lid and provided round its radial outer face alternately with recesses extending radially in -wards with respect to the peripheral face of the lid and projections extending radially outwards with respect to said face, the frame having a coresponding number of radially outwardly extending recesses and radially inwardly extending cams on its corresponding face.

Advantageously, the radially inwardly extending projections or cams on the seating member and the radially outwardly directed projections or cams on the corresponding face of the lid are delimited in peripheral direction by a conical surface.

In yet another embodiment of the cover according to the invention, the radially outwardly extending projections or cams on the seating member are delimited in peripheral direction by a cylindrical surface and the radially inwardly extending projections or cams on the corresponding face of the frame are delimited in peripheral direction by a conical surface.

In an embodiment of the cover according to the invention, the bearing face of the frame adjacent the radially inwardly extending projections or cams on the seating preferably near the peripheral face of the frame with a groove extending in the peripheral direction of the seating member with, seen in that direction, end faces upwardly inclined towards each other to receive a downwardly extending rib on the seating member fitting said groove.

In another embodiment of the cover according to the invention, the supporting face of the lid adjacent the radially outwardly extending projections or cams at the seat, near the peripheral face of the lid, preferably is provided with a groove, seen in the peripheral direction of the lid with end faces inclined downwards towards each other, to receive a rib on the seating member' fitting the groove.

In yet another embodiment of the cover, a downwardly extending peripheral edge portion of the upwardly extending enclosing face of the lid is interrupted, according to the invention, adjacent the radially outwardly extending projections or cams of the seating member.

The invention will be elucidated herebelow by way of two embodiments, diagrammatically represented in the drawings: Figures 1 and 2 show the frame with the seating member attached thereto, in top view and the lid in bottom view, respectively of a first embodiment of the covering; Figure 3 is a radial section on the line Ill-Ill of the frame with seating member according to Figure 1, on an enlarged scale; Figure 4 is a radial section according to Figure 3, with a radial section on the line IV-IV of the lid according to Figure 2, on an enlarged scale; Figure 5 is a radial section on the line V-V of the frame with seating member according to Figure 1, on an enlarged scale;; Figure 6 is a radial section of the frame with seating member according to Figure 5, being a radial section on the line VI-VI of the lid according to Figure 2, on an enlarged scale; Figures 7 and 8 show the frame in top view and the lid with the seating member attached thereto in bottom view, respectively, of a second form of cover according to the invention; Figure 9 is a radial section on the line IX-IX of the frame according to Figure 7, on an enlarged scale; Figure 10 is a radial section of the frame according to Figure 9, taken on the line X-X of the lid with seating member according to Figure 8, on an enlarged scale; Figure 11 is a radial section on the line XI-Xl of the frame according to Figure 7; on an enlarged scale; Figure 12 is a radial section of the frame according to Figure 11, with a radial section on the line Xll-XII of the lid with seating member according to Figure 8, on an enlarged scale; Figure 13 shows a detail of the frame with the seating member according to Figure 1 in perspective, on an enlarged scale; Figure 14 shows a detail of the corresponding lid according to Figure 2, in perspective, on an enlarged scale; Figure 15 shows a detail of the frame according to Figure 7, in perspective, and on an enlarged scale; Figure 16 shows a detail of the corresponding lid with the seating member according to Figure 8, in perspective, and on an enlarged scale; Figure 17 shows a detail of the lid with the seating according to Figure 16 on a still larger scale and in perspective;; Figure 18 shows the seating member to be attached to the lid according to the second embodiment of the covering.

Figure 19 shows a detail of a modified form of lid according to Figure 16, but represented in reversed position which lid can be used with an unmodified frame according to Figure 15; Figure 20 is a radial section on the line XXI-XXT of the lid according to Figure 19 with edge according to Figure 10; and Figure 21 is a radial section on the line XXI-XXI according to Figure 19, with edge according to Figure 12.

The first embodiment of the cover according to the invention, in which the seating member is attached to the horizontal bearing face of the frame is represented in Figures 1 to 6, 13 and 14.

As appears from Figures 1, 3 and 4 the seating member, generally indicated by 1, of e.g., rubber, has been attached by its lower face 2 to the horizontal bearing face 3 of the frame, generally indicated by 4, of the cover and joins with its radial outer surface 5 circumferentially to the upwardly extending boundary face 6 of the frame 4. In the position represented in Figure 4, (Figure 3 shows the frame 4 with the seating member 1 separately, according to the section E-III in Figure 1) the seating 1 has a radially extending guttershaped recess 7a with bottom face 14 formed in its upper face 7. This will be entered into further herebelow. Thus the horizontal supporting face 9 of the lid, generally indicated by 8, does not at this point rest on the seating member 1.The peripheral face 9, is separated in the usual way with some clearance from the boundary face 6, extending upwards from the bearing face 3 of the frame 4.

In the position represented in Figures 3 and 4, the seating member 1 has, at the peripheral part represented, on its inner face a recess 12a, which extends radially outwardly with respect to the enclosing face 11 extending downwards from the bearing face 3 of the frame 4 and delimited by a surface 12 situated near the enclosing face 11.

In this position, the lid 8 has radially outwardly extending mutually spaced projections or cams 16a, delimited by a surface 16 (vide figure 6) at the downwardly extending enclosing face 23, indicated by dotted lines.

The seating member 1 and the lid 8 are provided with a corresponding number of mutually spaced opposite recesses 12a and cams 16a, respectively, so that the lid, in the position represented in Figure 4, can be put onto the frame 4.

In Figure 6, the mutual positions of the lid 8 and the frame 4 are represented, after the lid has been turned from the position of Figure 4 by about the peripheral dimensions of a recess 12a thereof, with respect to the seating member 1 and the frame 4 in Figure 4.

In this position, vide Figure 6 (in Figure 5 the frame 4 with the seating member is represented separately in section on the line V-V in Figure 1) the lid 8 is locked against vertical movement with respect to the frame 4, while maintaining some mobility, as will be explained herebelow.

As appears from Figure 6, the lid 8 bears by its horizontal supporting face 9 upon the upper face 7 of the seating member 1, the face of which at this point extends a little above the adjacent bottom face 14 of the gutter-shaped recess 7a of the seating member.

At the location represented in Figures 5 and 6, the seating member 1 has a projection or cam l5a, delimited by a surface 15, extending radially inwards with respect to the enclosing face extending downwardly from the bearing face 3 along a peripheral portion substantially equal to that of the aforementioned recess 12a (Figure 4).

At this location (Figure 6), the lid 8 has a projection or cam 16a, delimited by a surface 16, extending radially outwardly with respect to the enclosing face 13 which extends downwardly from the supporting face 9.

Together with the corresponding surfaces 15 and 16, respectively the seating member 1 and the lid 8 again have an equal number of such opposite cams 15a and 16a respectively, mutually spaced around the periphery.

The inner face 15 of the cams l5a on the seating member, as well as the outer face 16 of the cams 16a on the enclosing face of the lid, are formed conically, tapering upwardly so that an upward movement of the lid is counteracted by abutment of the cams 16a thereof against the cams l5a of the seat so that the lid is locked against tilting or removal.

In this mutual position of lid and frame, consequently angular displacement of the lid, when the lid has been placed on the frame and thre lid has been angularly displaced, these parts are locked in the usual way against mutual displacement by means of a locking pin (not shown), which can be fitted in a hole, formed by semi-cylindrical recesses 39 (Figures 1 and 6) and 40, (Figures 2 and 6) respectively at the inner and outer peripheries, respectively of the upper face of the frame 4 and the lid 8. The shape of the inwardly directed cams 15a of the seating member appears from Figure 5, where the frame 4 with seating member 1 are represented separately.

If the lid 8 should be turned for instance rearwardly from the position shown in Figure 4, by about the peripheral dimension of the cam 16a (vide also Figure 2, cross-section IVa-IVa) a portion of the enclosing face 13 would be located opposite the recess 12a of the seat 1 (according to Figure 4), in which position the lid would also be locked relative to the frame.

In Figures 13 and 14, a portion of the frame 4, with the seating 1 attached thereto and a coresponding portion of the lid 8, respectively, is shown in perspective, in order to elucidate the external shape of the cams 15a at the seating member 1 and the cams 16a and the lid 8.

The second embodiment of the cover according to the invention, in which the seat is attached to the horizontal supporting face of the lid, is shown in Figures 7 to 12 and 15 to 18.

As will be seen from Figures 8, 9 and 10, the seating member, generally indicated by 17, here is located with its upper face 18 on the horizontal supporting face 19 of the lid, generally indicated by 20.

Furthermore, it will be seen from Figure 10. which is a radial section on the line X-X of the lid 20 in Figure 8, that the lid at this location rests with the lower face 21 of the seating member 17 on the horizontal supporting face 22 of the frame, generally indicated by 23.

The inner edge face 24 of the seating member 1 engages around the boundary face 25, which extends downwardly from the supporting face 19 of the lid. The seating member 17, furthermore, is enclosed along the complete outer edge thereof between the said boundary face 25 and flange 27, extending downwardly from the boundary face 26 of the lid from the supporting face 19.

In the cover according to the invention, however, here, at the spot shown in Figure 10, a radially inwardly extending projection or cam 31a is formed at the seat 17 delimited by a surface 31, said cam extending locally through a recess of the peripheral edge 27 indicated by a dotted line, of the lid core beyond the upwardly extending enclosing face 26. At this spot (vide Figure 10) the surface 31 of the cam 31a extends practically up to the enclosing face 29, extending upwardly from the horizontal bearing face of the frame 23.

These radially outwardly extending cams 31a, portions of the upwardly extending enclosing face 29 of the frame 13 respectively, are mutually spaced round the seating member 17 and the frame 23 respectively.

in this relative position of lid and frame the lid can be put on the frame. The situation which occurs after angular displacement of the lid 20 (from the position of Figure 10 through a distance about equal to the peripheral dimension of the radially outwardly extending cam 31a on the frame lid 20, is discussed herebelow, particularly by way of Figure 12.

As appears from Figures 8, 11 and 12, the lid 20 is supported, on the lower face 21 of the seating member 17, on the horizontal bearing face 22 of the frame 23.

At this location (vide figure 12) the seat cam 31a, extends through an interruption (indicated by a dotted line) of the flanged edge 27 of the lid 20 beyond the enclosing face 26 to near the enclosing face 29 which extends upwardly from the bearing face 22 of the frame 23.

At this location (vide Figure 12) a projection or cam 32a (vide also Figure 11) is formed which extends downwards and at the same time radially inwards from the upper face of the frame 23 to just above the radial projection 31 on the seating member 17, delimited by a surface 32 extending to near the boundary face 26 of the lid 20.

By this cam 32a at the edge 23, the radial peripheral dimension of which corresponds with that of the cam 31a at the seating member 17, the lid is locked against vertical removal while maintaining some mobility. If the lid 20 is turned for instance rearwardly from the position, shown in Figure 10, through a distance about equal to the peripheral length of the cam 31, seating member 17 abuts with an inner frame portion 28 (Figure 10 and cross-section Xa-Xa in Figure 8) against the flanged edge portion 27, indicated by a dotted line in Figure 10. The lid is then also in the locked position. The lower surface 30 (dotted) of the seating member 17 is then at some distance above the bearing face of the frame to leave a radial gutter 21a. Here also the edge 23 has as many cams 32a (Figure 12) as are provided cams 31a on the seating member 17 and adjacent recesses 28a on the lid 20.In order to obtain locking against displacement from this relative location of lid and frame, after angular displacement of the lid, again a semi-cylindrical recess 41 (Figure 7) and 42 (Figure 8) respectively, is provided in the frame and the lid, respectively to form a hole in which a locking pin (not shown) can be fitted.

In Figure 15 the frame 23 according to Figures 7, 11 and 12 is shown again, this time in perspective. The corresponding lid 20 according to Figures 8, 10 and 12 is also shown in Figure 16 in perspective, with the outwardly extending cams 31a.

Figure 17 shows the lid 20 on a still more enlarged scale in order to indicate more exactly the shape of the last mentioned cams 31a.

According to a further embodiment of the lid 20, the faces 33 of the portions 27 of the flanged edge of the lid 20 remaining between the interrupted portions, radially outwardly extending cams 31a as well as radial faces 34 of the flanged edge forming the passage therefor are dovetailed to improve the hold of the seating member at the location of these cams 31a.

In order to improve the hold of the seating member 1 at the bearing face 3 of the frame 4 in the first embodiment of the cover according to the invention (vide Figures 5 and 6) the seating member 1 is provided, near the downwardly extending boundary face 11, at the location of the radially inwardly extending cams 15a, with downwardly extending ribs which fit into grooves 36 extending in peripheral direction of the seating member with, seen in that direction, end faces inclined up wards towards each other.

In order to improve the hold of the seating member 17 at the supporting face 19 of the lid 20, in the second embodiment of the cover according to the invention (vide Figure 12) the supporting face 19 at the location of the radially outwardly extending cams 31a of the seating member 17, near the upwardly extending boundary face 26 of the lid 20, is provided with a groove 37 with, seen in the peripheral direction, end faces downwardly inclined towards each other for the incorporation of a downwardly extending rib 38 on the seating member 17.

In Figure 18 a seating member for attachment to the lid according to the second embodiment is shown with cams, the bevels and the radial gutter-shaped recesses of the seating member being seen from below the lid in Figure 17.

In Figures 19, 20 and 21, furthermore, a modified embodiment is shown of a lid, generally indicated by 43, as according to Figure 16, which lid 43 can be used with an embodiment of the enclosing face of the frame, as shown in Figure 20, adapted in view of the difference in the flanged edge 27.

The flanged edge 27 of the lid 20 is each time interrupted locally for the lateral passage of the cams 31a of the seating member 17 (see Figure 12); however the flanged edge 44 of the lid 43 in the embodiment according to Figure 19, extends all round (vide also Figures 20 and 21), but is provided locally with slots 47 for the lateral passage of the cams 45 of the seating member 46. The embodiment of the lid 43 can be realized more simply than that according to Figure 16, whereas the lower edge of the slot-shaped opening provides a very good !support for a better hold of the seating member 46 on the lid.

In this connection it is, furthermore, remarked that these gutter-shaped receses (vide Figures 3, 4) 7a and (vide Figure 10) 21a respectively at the upper and lower faces of the seating member 1 and and 17, respectively, are intended for a better discharge of dirt, which may penetrate by way of rain water between the upper edges of the boundary faces facing each other on frame and lid.

WHAT I CLAIM IS: 1. A cover for incorporation in a road surface comprising a frame and a lid provided with coresponding projections and recesses to enable the lid to be locked into the frame in the manner of a bayonet catch, and also comprising an elastic seating member between the horizontal bearing surfaces of the frame and the lid, wherein the seating member is attached either to the frame or to the lid and is provided on its exposed peripheral face with projections which together with projections on the lid or the frame respectively, make up the bolt means of the bayonet catch.

2. A cover as claimed in Claim 1, in which the projections of the seating member and the projections of the lid or frame are delimited in peripheral direction by a conical surface with identical taper.

3. A cover as claimed in Claim 1, in which the radially outward extending projections on the seating member are delimited in the peripheral direction by a cylindrical surface and the radially inward extending projections at the boundary face are delimited by a conical surface.

4. A cover as claimed in any of the preceding Claims in which the bearing face of the frame at the location of the radially inwardly extending projections or cams of the seating member near the downwardly extending boundary face of the frame, is provided with a groove extending in the peripheral direction of the seating member with, seen in that direction, end faces upwardly inclined towards each other, to receive a downwardly extending rib on the seating member fitting that groove.

5. A cover as claimed in any of the preceding Claims in which the supporting face of the lid at the location of the radially outwardly extending projections or cams on the seating member near the upwardly extending boundary face of the lid, is provided with a groove, seen in the peripheral direction of the lid, with end faces downwardly inclined towards each other, to receive a rib on the seating member, fitting the groove.

6. A cover as claimed in any of the preceding Claims in which at the location of the radially outwardly extending projections or cams on the seating member, a downwardly extending peripheral edge portion of the upwardly extending boundary face of the lid is interrupted.

7. A cover as claimed in any of the preceding claims in which at the location of the radially outwardly extending projections or cams on the seating member, a downwardly extending peripheral edge portion of the upwardly extending boundary face of the lid is slotted.

8. A cover for incorporation in a surface such as a road surface substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 6 and 13 and 14 of the drawings.

9. A cover for incorporation in a surface such as a road surface substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 7 to 12 and 15 to 17 of the drawings.

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. boundary face 26 of the lid 20, is provided with a groove 37 with, seen in the peripheral direction, end faces downwardly inclined towards each other for the incorporation of a downwardly extending rib 38 on the seating member 17. In Figure 18 a seating member for attachment to the lid according to the second embodiment is shown with cams, the bevels and the radial gutter-shaped recesses of the seating member being seen from below the lid in Figure 17. In Figures 19, 20 and 21, furthermore, a modified embodiment is shown of a lid, generally indicated by 43, as according to Figure 16, which lid 43 can be used with an embodiment of the enclosing face of the frame, as shown in Figure 20, adapted in view of the difference in the flanged edge 27. The flanged edge 27 of the lid 20 is each time interrupted locally for the lateral passage of the cams 31a of the seating member 17 (see Figure 12); however the flanged edge 44 of the lid 43 in the embodiment according to Figure 19, extends all round (vide also Figures 20 and 21), but is provided locally with slots 47 for the lateral passage of the cams 45 of the seating member 46. The embodiment of the lid 43 can be realized more simply than that according to Figure 16, whereas the lower edge of the slot-shaped opening provides a very good !support for a better hold of the seating member 46 on the lid. In this connection it is, furthermore, remarked that these gutter-shaped receses (vide Figures 3, 4) 7a and (vide Figure 10) 21a respectively at the upper and lower faces of the seating member 1 and and 17, respectively, are intended for a better discharge of dirt, which may penetrate by way of rain water between the upper edges of the boundary faces facing each other on frame and lid. WHAT I CLAIM IS:

1. A cover for incorporation in a road surface comprising a frame and a lid provided with coresponding projections and recesses to enable the lid to be locked into the frame in the manner of a bayonet catch, and also comprising an elastic seating member between the horizontal bearing surfaces of the frame and the lid, wherein the seating member is attached either to the frame or to the lid and is provided on its exposed peripheral face with projections which together with projections on the lid or the frame respectively, make up the bolt means of the bayonet catch.