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GB1578818A - Anti-lock systems for braking systems for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Anti-lock systems for braking systems for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1578818A
GB1578818A GB2177077A GB2177077A GB1578818A GB 1578818 A GB1578818 A GB 1578818A GB 2177077 A GB2177077 A GB 2177077A GB 2177077 A GB2177077 A GB 2177077A GB 1578818 A GB1578818 A GB 1578818A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
axle
vehicle
wheels
wheel
brake pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB2177077A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of GB1578818A publication Critical patent/GB1578818A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/349—Systems adapted to control a set of axles, e.g. tandem axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
    • B60T8/1701—Braking or traction control means specially adapted for particular types of vehicles
    • B60T8/1708—Braking or traction control means specially adapted for particular types of vehicles for lorries or tractor-trailer combinations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/343—Systems characterised by their lay-out

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Description

(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELAT1NG TO ANTI-LOCK SYSTEMS FOR BRAKING SYSTEMS FOR MOTOR VEHICLES (71) We, ROBERT BOSCH GMBH. a German Company, of Postfach 50, 7 Stuttgart 1, Federal Republic of Germany, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - The present invention relates to anti-lock control systems for braking systems for motor vehicles.
An anti-lock control system has been proposed in German Offenlegungsschrift No.
2,038,371 in which sensors each responsive to the rotational behaviour of an individual wheel are associated with a pair of wheels on an axle to monitor their rotation and a control device responsive to signals from an individual sensor regulates the brake pressure used for the brakes of two wheels which are on different axles spaced relatively far apart as the front axle and the rear axle of a vehicle and are either both at the same side of the vehicle, one behind the other, or are disposed diagonally at opposite sides of the vehicle.
This known anti-lock control system has the disadvantage that critical travelling states or inadmissibly long stopping distances can occur, particularly in the case of rapidly changing coefficients of friction such as occur on, for example, a roadway covered with patches of ice. The following states are considered to be critical: locked wheel when travelling on a curve, or abrupt change in the travelling behaviour upon a change in the symmetry of the roadway, caused by change from a higher to a lower brake pressure or vice versa as determined by the diagonal brake system.
According to the present invention there is provided an anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles having at least three vehicle axles, in which sensors each responsive to the rotational behaviour of an individual wheel are associated with wheels disposed diagonally oppositely on two adjacent axles of the vehicle to monitor their rotation, and in which individual sensors are associated with each wheel of a third axle to monitor their rotation, and an electronic control device is used to evaluate the sensor signals and to actuate brake pressure regulating valves of which at least one is used for the brakes for wheels common to each of said two adjacent axles.
When the third axle is the steered axle of the vehicle, preferably a respective individual brake pressure regulating valve is used to regulate the brake pressure for each wheel of the third axle.
In other arrangements a single brake pressure regulating valve can be used to regulate the brake pressure for both wheels of the third axle.
Preferably the brake pressure for each wheel of each of the two adjacent axles are regulated by two brake pressure regulating valves, one associated with the brake for the wheels of each of the adjacent axles.
A system embodying the present invention can have the advantage that the arrangement of the control system is such that the critical travelling states which in themselves are possible in the case of diagonal control, cannot have a negative effect on the travelling behaviour of the individual vehicles or of combinations comprising a tractor vehicle and a trailer vehicle.
It has been found that adequate safety can be provided by only one combination of diagonally controlled axles with an additional single wheel monitored axle either with a separate or a common brake pressure regulating valve for the brakes of the wheels of this additional axle.
The invention will be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 illustrates diagrammatically in plan view one embodiment of the invention as applied to a three-axle vehicle, Figure 2 shows in side elevation a tractor vehicle and trailer vehicle combination, and diagrammatically in plan view embodiments of the invention as applied to such vehicles, Figure 3 shows in side elevation a semitrailer vehicle, and diagrammatically in plan view embodiments of the invention as applied to such vehicle, and Figure 4 illustrates diagrammatically in plan view an embodiment of the invention as applied to a three-axle semi-trailer vehicle.
A three-axle vehicle, which may be a tractor vehicle or a trailer vehicle, has a steered front axle 1 and two rear axles 2, 3 located adjacent one another. While each wheel 4, 5 on the front axle 1 is provided with an individual sensor 6, 7 respectively, each for providing a signal indicative of the rotational behaviour of the associated wheel, only two diagonally opposite wheels 8, 11 of the four wheels 8,9, 10, 11 on the two rear axles 2, 3 are provided with a sensor 12, 13 respectively. Each wheel 4, 5,8,9, 10, 11 has an associated brake cylinder 4', 5', 8', 9', 10', 11'.A brake pressure regulating valve 14, 15 is arranged in the line leading to each brake cylinder 4', 5' respectively associated with the front axle, although only a single brake pressure regulating valve 16, 17 is provided in the lines leading to both the brake cylinders 8', 9' and 10', 11' associated with each of the rear axles 2, 3 respectively.
A centrally accommodated electronic control device 18 is connected by way of electrical leads to the four sensors 6,7, 12,13 and to the brake pressure regulating valves 14, 15, 16, 17.
In operation the rotational behaviour of each of the wheels with which a sensor is associated is monitored by the electronic control device, and during braking an incipient wheel lock or skid is detected and counteracted by regulation of the brake pressure applied to the relevant brake cylinder or brake cylinders.
The disadvantages of pure diagonal distribution are avoided in a vehicle equipped with an anti-lock control system embodying the present invention. The front axle 1 on which the individual wheels are monitored and whose brakes are individually regulated ensures that the negative properties of diagonal control do not have a detrimental influence on the travelling behaviour of the vehicle.
Figure 2 illustrates diagrammatically in side elevation and in plan view the arrangement of Figure 1 as applied to the combination 20 of a tractor vehicle 21 and a trailer vehicle 22, each individual vehicle 21,22 being equipped with an anti-lock control system as shown in Figure 1.
A diagrammatic elevation and plan view of a semi-trailer vehicle 24 is shown in Figure 3. The semi-trailer vehicle 24 comprises a tractor vehicle 25 which draws a semi-trailer 26. The three axles of the tractor vehicle 25 are equipped in the manner shown in Figure 1. On the other hand, in the case of the semi-trailer 26, which does not have a steered axle, the individual wheels on the rearmost axle 27 are controlled. The distribution has been made in order to provide the axle 27, located at the greatest distance from the support point, with optimum alignment properties.
Similar conditions to those on the semitrailer 26 are again shown in further detail in Figure 4. The semi-trailer 26' has three axles 27', 28 and 29, each wheel 30,31 on the rear axle 27' being provided with an individual sensor 32, 33 respectively. Of the four wheels 34, 35, 36, 37 on the other two axles 28, 29 only two diagonally oppositely located wheels 35, 36 are provided with a respective sensor 38,39. Each wheel 30, 31, 34,35,36,37 had a brake cylinder 30', 31', 34', 35', 36', 37' respectively. Only one brake pressure regulative valve 40, 41,42 is provided in the respective line leading to the brake cylinders associated with each axle 27', 28, 29.A construction of the anti-lock control system, simplified relative to the construction shown in Figure 4, is advantageous for lateral guidance of the trailer, since for example, in the case of "select low" regulation of the axle 27', at least one wheel is kept at optimum slip. A centrally arranged control device is designated 43.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. An anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles having at least three vehicle axles, in which sensors each responsive to the rotational behaviour of an individual wheel are associated with wheels disposed diagonally oppositely on two adjacent axles of the vehicle to monitor their rotation and in which individual sensors are associated with each wheel of a third axle to monitor their rotation, and an electronic control device is used to evaluate the sensor signals and to actuate brake pressure regulating valves of which at least one is used for the brakes for wheels common to each of said two adjacent axles.
2. A system as claimed in claim 1, in which when the third axle is the steered axle of the vehicle, a respective individual brake pressure regulating valve is used to regulate the brake pressure for each wheel of the third axle.
3. A system as claimed in claim 1 , in which only a single brake pressure regulating valve is used to regulate the brake pressure for both wheels of the third axle.
4. A system as claimed in claim 1, in which the brake pressure for each wheel of each of the two adjacent axles are regulated by two brake pressure regulating valves, one associated with the brakes for the wheels of each of the adjacent axles.
5. An anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles constructed and arranged and adapted to operate substantially as hereinbefore particularly described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure ] of the accompanying drawings.
6. An anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles, constructed and arranged and adapted to operated substantially as hereinbefore particularly described with
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (8)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. to such vehicle, and Figure 4 illustrates diagrammatically in plan view an embodiment of the invention as applied to a three-axle semi-trailer vehicle. A three-axle vehicle, which may be a tractor vehicle or a trailer vehicle, has a steered front axle 1 and two rear axles 2, 3 located adjacent one another. While each wheel 4, 5 on the front axle 1 is provided with an individual sensor 6, 7 respectively, each for providing a signal indicative of the rotational behaviour of the associated wheel, only two diagonally opposite wheels 8, 11 of the four wheels 8,9, 10, 11 on the two rear axles 2, 3 are provided with a sensor 12, 13 respectively. Each wheel 4, 5,8,9, 10, 11 has an associated brake cylinder 4', 5', 8', 9', 10', 11'.A brake pressure regulating valve 14, 15 is arranged in the line leading to each brake cylinder 4', 5' respectively associated with the front axle, although only a single brake pressure regulating valve 16, 17 is provided in the lines leading to both the brake cylinders 8', 9' and 10', 11' associated with each of the rear axles 2, 3 respectively. A centrally accommodated electronic control device 18 is connected by way of electrical leads to the four sensors 6,7, 12,13 and to the brake pressure regulating valves 14, 15, 16, 17. In operation the rotational behaviour of each of the wheels with which a sensor is associated is monitored by the electronic control device, and during braking an incipient wheel lock or skid is detected and counteracted by regulation of the brake pressure applied to the relevant brake cylinder or brake cylinders. The disadvantages of pure diagonal distribution are avoided in a vehicle equipped with an anti-lock control system embodying the present invention. The front axle 1 on which the individual wheels are monitored and whose brakes are individually regulated ensures that the negative properties of diagonal control do not have a detrimental influence on the travelling behaviour of the vehicle. Figure 2 illustrates diagrammatically in side elevation and in plan view the arrangement of Figure 1 as applied to the combination 20 of a tractor vehicle 21 and a trailer vehicle 22, each individual vehicle 21,22 being equipped with an anti-lock control system as shown in Figure 1. A diagrammatic elevation and plan view of a semi-trailer vehicle 24 is shown in Figure 3. The semi-trailer vehicle 24 comprises a tractor vehicle 25 which draws a semi-trailer 26. The three axles of the tractor vehicle 25 are equipped in the manner shown in Figure 1. On the other hand, in the case of the semi-trailer 26, which does not have a steered axle, the individual wheels on the rearmost axle 27 are controlled. The distribution has been made in order to provide the axle 27, located at the greatest distance from the support point, with optimum alignment properties. Similar conditions to those on the semitrailer 26 are again shown in further detail in Figure 4. The semi-trailer 26' has three axles 27', 28 and 29, each wheel 30,31 on the rear axle 27' being provided with an individual sensor 32, 33 respectively. Of the four wheels 34, 35, 36, 37 on the other two axles 28, 29 only two diagonally oppositely located wheels 35, 36 are provided with a respective sensor 38,39. Each wheel 30, 31, 34,35,36,37 had a brake cylinder 30', 31', 34', 35', 36', 37' respectively. Only one brake pressure regulative valve 40, 41,42 is provided in the respective line leading to the brake cylinders associated with each axle 27', 28, 29.A construction of the anti-lock control system, simplified relative to the construction shown in Figure 4, is advantageous for lateral guidance of the trailer, since for example, in the case of "select low" regulation of the axle 27', at least one wheel is kept at optimum slip. A centrally arranged control device is designated 43. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. An anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles having at least three vehicle axles, in which sensors each responsive to the rotational behaviour of an individual wheel are associated with wheels disposed diagonally oppositely on two adjacent axles of the vehicle to monitor their rotation and in which individual sensors are associated with each wheel of a third axle to monitor their rotation, and an electronic control device is used to evaluate the sensor signals and to actuate brake pressure regulating valves of which at least one is used for the brakes for wheels common to each of said two adjacent axles.
2. A system as claimed in claim 1, in which when the third axle is the steered axle of the vehicle, a respective individual brake pressure regulating valve is used to regulate the brake pressure for each wheel of the third axle.
3. A system as claimed in claim 1 , in which only a single brake pressure regulating valve is used to regulate the brake pressure for both wheels of the third axle.
4. A system as claimed in claim 1, in which the brake pressure for each wheel of each of the two adjacent axles are regulated by two brake pressure regulating valves, one associated with the brakes for the wheels of each of the adjacent axles.
5. An anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles constructed and arranged and adapted to operate substantially as hereinbefore particularly described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure ] of the accompanying drawings.
6. An anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles, constructed and arranged and adapted to operated substantially as hereinbefore particularly described with
reference to and as illustrated in Figure 2 of accompanying drawings.
7. An anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles, constructed and arranged and adapted to operate substantially as hereinbefore particularly described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
8. An anti-lock control system for braking systems for motor vehicles, constructed and arranged and adapted to operate substantially as hereinbefore particularly described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
GB2177077A 1976-05-25 1977-05-24 Anti-lock systems for braking systems for motor vehicles Expired GB1578818A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19762623320 DE2623320A1 (en) 1976-05-25 1976-05-25 ANTI-SKID DEVICE FOR MOTOR VEHICLES

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1578818A true GB1578818A (en) 1980-11-12

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ID=5978909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2177077A Expired GB1578818A (en) 1976-05-25 1977-05-24 Anti-lock systems for braking systems for motor vehicles

Country Status (6)

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JP (1) JPS52144571A (en)
DE (1) DE2623320A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2352695A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1578818A (en)
IT (1) IT1082089B (en)
SE (1) SE7706063L (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2713531A1 (en) * 1977-03-26 1978-09-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert BRAKE LOCK PROTECTION DEVICE
DE2811999A1 (en) * 1978-03-18 1979-09-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert ANTI-LOCK CONTROL SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES
US4724935A (en) * 1986-10-07 1988-02-16 Rockwell International Corporation Antilock brake system with wheel speed sensor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2524427A1 (en) * 1975-06-03 1976-12-09 Wabco Westinghouse Gmbh ANTI-SKID CONTROL SYSTEM

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2352695A1 (en) 1977-12-23
SE7706063L (en) 1977-11-26
JPS52144571A (en) 1977-12-01
IT1082089B (en) 1985-05-21
DE2623320A1 (en) 1977-12-08

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PS Patent sealed
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee