GB1560759A - Flame-retardant additive for polymeric compositions - Google Patents
Flame-retardant additive for polymeric compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1560759A GB1560759A GB7222/77A GB722277A GB1560759A GB 1560759 A GB1560759 A GB 1560759A GB 7222/77 A GB7222/77 A GB 7222/77A GB 722277 A GB722277 A GB 722277A GB 1560759 A GB1560759 A GB 1560759A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- antimony trioxide
- zinc phosphate
- compositions
- oxygen index
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decabromodiphenyl ether Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 70
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 34
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- QZFAGHFGBLEISM-DBQHITQZSA-N 3-[(1r)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol;4-[1-hydroxy-2-(propan-2-ylamino)butyl]benzene-1,2-diol;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.CNC[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC(C)NC(CC)C(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 QZFAGHFGBLEISM-DBQHITQZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005669 high impact polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004797 high-impact polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006385 Geon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RDVQTQJAUFDLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium Chemical compound [Cd][Cd][Cd][Cd][Cd][Cd][Cd][Cd][Cd] RDVQTQJAUFDLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQLDLKMNUJERMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L di(octadecanoyloxy)lead Chemical compound [Pb+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UQLDLKMNUJERMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002896 organic halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K3/2279—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of antimony
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
(54) AN IMPROVED FLAME-RETARDANT ADDITIVE
FOR POLYMERIC COMPOSITIONS
(71) We, ASSOCIATED LEAD MANUFACTURERS LIMITED, of
Clements House, 14--18 Gresham Street, London, EC2V 7AT, a British Company,
ANZON LIMITED, of Cookson House, Willington Quay, Walisend, Tyne & Wear,
NE28 6UQ, a British Company, ALAN GORDON WALKER, of 5 Langton Co:lrt,
Darras Hall, Ponteland, Northumberland, a British subject, and ARTHUR ROY
PEPPER, of 59 Wyresdale Crescent, Perivale, Greenford, Middlesex, a British subject, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:: It has long been known to incorporate antimony trioxide in polymeric compositions containing a source of halogen for the purpose of rendering the composition flame-retardant
Such flame-retardant properties are required, in particular, in the case of compositions used in colliery belting, in the manufacture of artificial leather, as cable coverings, as building panels and as components of vehicles.
Halogen-containing polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride, contain a halogen as part of the polymer. In the case of other polymers, such for example as polyolefins, polyesters, polystyrene, epoxy resins and acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene copolymers, it is necessary, for flame retardency, to incorporate in the composition, in addition to the antimony trioxide, a chlorinated or brominated organic compound such, for example, as a chlorinated paraffin or decabromodiphenyl oxide.
The present invention is based on the discovery that it is possible to reduce the amount of expensive antimony trioxide required to attain a given degree of flame retardency, and indeed to enhance the flame retardency achieved by incorporation in the composition of a given amount of additive, by using in place of antimony trioxide a mixture in suitable proportions of antimony oxide and zinc phosphate. It has been found that the presence of zinc phosphate has the added advantage of reducing afterglow and smoke evolution, while total replacement of antimony trioxide by zinc phosphate does not produce the desired flame-retardant properties.
The invention accordingly provides a flame-retardant additive, for incorporation in polymeric compositions containing a source of halogen, which consists of a mixture of 90 20% by weight of antimony trioxide and 1()80% by weight of zinc phosphate. Preferably the mixture contains 20 60of by weight of zinc phosphate. If the mixture contains less than 10 ó of zinc phosphate the reduction in cost is not sufficient to make the substitution effective. If the mixture contains more than 80 ó of zinc phosphate the flame-retardant properties of the polymer containing the mixture are not satisfactory.
In practice, as the antimony trioxide present as a flame retardant in a polymeric composition is gradually replaced by zinc phosphate the flame retardancy of the composition, as measured by the limiting oxygen index test noted below, rises and eventually reaches a maximum. Thereafter, as the amount of zinc phosphate used to replace antimony trioxide is further increased, the flame retardancy begins to decrease to that of the initial composition and below this value until, with total replacement, the flame retardency is little different from that of the base polymer, plus halogenated compound (if one was required), as zinc phosphate alone contributes nothing to the flame retardancy. The amount of antimony trioxide which can be replaced before the limiting oxygen index again reaches that of the initial composition varies considerably from composition to composition.
There is thus an economic advantage to be gained in using combinations of antimony trioxide and zinc phosphate up to the point where the limiting oxygen index falls back to that of the initial composition containing antimony trioxide alone.
The additive according to the invention has been shown to be useful in polymers in which the halogen is an integral part of the polymer molecule and in those in which an organic halogen compound is added to the polymer.
In the following Examples parts are by weight, unless otherwise stated:
EXAMPLE 1
Unsaturated polyester compositions were prepared using Filabond 8000 resin supplied by Synthetic Resins Limited, to which was added 12 pphr of a solid chlorinated paraffin containing 70% chlorine by weight and the mixtures of antimony trioxide and zinc phosphate shown below. After addition of the appropriate accelerator and catalyst the compositions were cast into sheets 3 mm thick.The flame-retardant properties were determined using the oxygen index method described in ASTM specification D 2863, with the following results: Polyester 100 100 100 100 100
Solid chlorinated paraffin 12 12 12 12 12
Antimony trioxide 8 6 4 18 12.6
Zinc phosphate - 2 4 5A Limiting oxygen index 25.2 29.2 28.2 28.6 31.5
EXAMPLE 2
Unsaturated polyester compositions were prepared as in Example 1 but containing 15 pphr of solid chlorinated paraffin containing 70% chlorine by weight and the mixtures of antimony trioxide and zinc phosphate shown below.After curing as in
Example 1, the flame-retardant properties were assessed using the ASTM D 2865 procedure, with the following results: Polyester 100 100 100 100
Solid chlorinated paraffin 15 15 15 15
Antimony trioxide 15 9 10 6
Zinc phosphate - 6 - 4
Limiting oxygen index 31.2 34.7 28,6 31.4
EXAMPLE 3
Polyester compositions prepared as in Example 2 were used to produce glass reinforced laminates containing approximately 25 % glass fibre.The flame-retardant properties were assessed using the small scale spread of flame apparatus described in BS 476
Part 7, with the following results: Polyester 100 100
Solid chlorinated
paraffin 15 15
Antimony trioxide 15 9
Zinc phosphate - 6
Max. spread of
flame after
10 mins. 35 mm 30 mm.
EXAMPLE 4
Polyvinyl chloride compositions based on Breon S110/10 supplied by BP
Chemicals plasticised with 50 pphr of dioctyl phthalate were prepared using a two roll mill. They contained 8 pphr of antimony trioxide. Further compositions were prepared in which 12%; and 25% of the antimony trioxide were replaced by zinc phosphate.The compositions contained appropriate stabilisers and lubricants and after
compounding were formed into 3 mm thick sheets which were then used to determine the limiting oxygen index, with the following results: PVC 100 100 100
Dioctyl phthalate 50 50 50
Antimony trioxide 8 7 6
Zinc phosphate - 1 2
Tribasic lead stearate 5 5 5
Bisphenol A 0.1 0.1 0.1
Stearic acid 0.5 0.5 0.5
Limiting oxygen index 31.5 32.2 32.3
EXAMPLE 5
Polyvinyl chloride plastisol compounds, based on Corvic P65/55 supplied by ICI
Limited, were prepared incorporating 75 pphr of dioctyl phthalate plasticiser and the
appropriate stabilisers. They contained 10 pphr of antimony trioxide. Further com
positions were prepared in which 25 % and 50 % of the antimony trioxide were
replaced by zinc phosphate.The compositions were formed into sheets 3 mm thick
by curing at 180 C. These were then used to determine the limiting oxygen index,
with the following results: PVC 100 100 100
Dioctyl phthalate 75 75 75 Antimony trioxide 10 7.5 5
Zinc phosphate - 2.5 5
Epoxy soya oil 2 2 2 Barium/cadmium stabiliser 2 2 2
Limiting oxygen index 28.7 29.0 28.6
EXAMPLE 6
A polyethylene composition was prepared containing 12 pphr of antimony trioxide
and 18 pphr of solid chlorinated paraffin. Another composition was prepared in which
50% of the antimony trioxide was replaced by zinc phosphate.The compositions were
formed into sheets 3 mm thick which were then used to determine the limiting oxygen
index, with the following results: Low density
polyethylene 100 100
Solid chlorinated
paraffin 18 18
Antimony trioxide 12 6
Zinc phosphate 6
Tin stabiliser 0.5 0.5
Bentone 27 4 4
Limiting oxygen
index 26.3 26.3
The tin stabiliser was added to stabilise the chlorinated paraffin during processing.
Bentone 27 supplied by Steetley Limited is a bentonite derivative, added to reduce dripping during flammability testing.
EXAMPLE 7
Polypropylene compositions were prepared containing 18 pphr of chlorinated paraffin and 12 pphr antimony trioxide. Further compositions were prepared in which 50% and 75% of the antimony trioxide were replaced by zinc phosphate. After forming into sheets 3 mm thick, the limiting oxygen index was determined, with the following results: Polypropylene 100 100 100
Solid chlorinated
paraffin 18 18 18 Antimony trioxide 12 6 3
Zinc phosphate - 6 9
Tin stabiliser 0.5 0.5 0.5
Bentone 27 4 4 4
Limiting oxygen index 21.5 22.4 21.9
EXAMPLE 8
Polypropylene compositions were prepared as in Example 7 but using decabromodiphenyl oxide supplied by I.S.C. Chemicals Limited in place of chlorinated paraffin.
The results were as follows: Polypropylene 100 100
Decabromodiphenyl
oxide 18 18
Antimony trioxide 12 6
Zinc phosphate - 6
Tin stabiliser 0.5 0.5
Bentone 27 4 4
Limiting oxygen
index 22.1 22.0
EXAMPLE 9
High impact polystyrene samples were prepared containing 18 pphr of decabromodiphenyl oxide and 12 pphr of antimony trioxide. Further compositions were prepared in which 25% and 50% of the antimony trioxide were replaced by zinc phosphate.
The compositions were formed into sheets, 3 mm thick and the limiting oxygen index determined, with the following results : - High impact polystyrene 100 100 100
Decabromodiphenyl
oxide 18 18 18
Antimony trioxide 12 9 6
Zinc phosphate 3 6
Tin stabilizer 0.5 0.5 0.5
Limiting oxygen index 25.3 25.3 25.3
The zinc phosphate used in all the Examples was normal zinc phosphate.
It should be noted that values of limiting oxygen index, which differ by 0.1 units, are identical within the limits of experimental error of the test. Thus Examples 5 and 8 both show that 50% of the antimony trioxide can be replaced by zinc phosphate, with corresponding saving in cost, without reducing the flame retardancy of the polymer.
"Filabond", "Breon", "Corvic" and "Bentone" are Registered Trade Marks.
U.S. Specification No. 3,945,974 discloses the incorporation in halogen-containing polymer compositions of zinc or a compound of zinc as a smoke suppressant and preferably also of a flame retardant. Example 16 in Table II of this specification discloses specifically a polyvinyl chloride formulation containing zinc as a smoke suppressant and of the following composition: PVC resin Geon 102 EPFS (B.F.Goodrich Co.) 100 parts
Clarite NS-2 (Modified dibutyltin maleate stabilizer) 1.5 parts
Dioctyl phthalate 50 parts
Antimony trioxide (flame retardant) 3.0 parts
Tribasic zinc phosphate 1.12 parts
Test results showing the DM value of this composition when tested under nonflaming conditions in the NES Smoke Chamber are given but there is no suggestion or disclosure that the presence of the tribasic zinc phosphate affected in any way the flame retardancy of the composition. We make no claim to said polyvinyl chloride composition disclosed in Example 16 of U.S. Specification No. 3,945,974.
Subject to the foregoing disclaimer,
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A flameretardant additive, for incorporation in polymeric compositions containing a source of halogen, which consists of a mixture of 90-20 , by weight of antimony trioxide and 10-80% by weight of zinc phosphate.
2. An additive according to claim 1, in which the mixture contains 2060 íJ by weight of zinc phosphate.
3. A halogenated polymer containing a flame-retardant additive according to claim
Claims (1)
1 or claim 2.
4. A polymeric composition in which the polymer is not halogenated and which contains a chlorinated or brominated organic compound and a flame-retardant additive according to claim 1 or claim 2.
5. A polymeric composition according to claim 4, which contains chlorinated paraffin as the chlorinated organic compound.
6. A polymeric composition according to claim 4, which contains decabromodiphenyl oxide as the brominated organic compound.
7. A polymer according to claim 3, substantially as described herein with reference to the foregoing Example 4 or Example 5.
8. A polymeric composition according to claim 4, substantially as described herein with reference to any of the foregoing Examples 1, 2, 3 and 6 to 9.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7222/77A GB1560759A (en) | 1977-02-21 | 1977-02-21 | Flame-retardant additive for polymeric compositions |
| AU33189/78A AU514341B2 (en) | 1977-02-21 | 1978-02-10 | Flame retardant additive for polymeric compositions |
| SE7801878A SE426838B (en) | 1977-02-21 | 1978-02-17 | SET TO MAKE A HALOGENEOUS POLYMER MIXTURE ELIGIBLE AND AN ELIGIBLE ADDITION FOR USING THE SET |
| DE19782807207 DE2807207A1 (en) | 1977-02-21 | 1978-02-20 | FLAME RETARDANT ADDITIVE AND POLYMER COMPOUNDS THEREOF |
| ZA00780895A ZA78895B (en) | 1977-02-21 | 1978-12-05 | An improved flame-retardant additive for polymeric compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7222/77A GB1560759A (en) | 1977-02-21 | 1977-02-21 | Flame-retardant additive for polymeric compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1560759A true GB1560759A (en) | 1980-02-06 |
Family
ID=9828975
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7222/77A Expired GB1560759A (en) | 1977-02-21 | 1977-02-21 | Flame-retardant additive for polymeric compositions |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU514341B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2807207A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1560759A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE426838B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA78895B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1992004718A1 (en) * | 1990-09-10 | 1992-03-19 | Raychem Corporation | Flame retardant conductive polymer composition device |
| US5925276A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1999-07-20 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer device with fuse capable of arc suppression |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3945974A (en) * | 1973-12-20 | 1976-03-23 | N L Industries, Inc. | Smoke suppressants for halogen-containing plastic compositions |
-
1977
- 1977-02-21 GB GB7222/77A patent/GB1560759A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-02-10 AU AU33189/78A patent/AU514341B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-02-17 SE SE7801878A patent/SE426838B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-02-20 DE DE19782807207 patent/DE2807207A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1978-12-05 ZA ZA00780895A patent/ZA78895B/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5925276A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1999-07-20 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer device with fuse capable of arc suppression |
| WO1992004718A1 (en) * | 1990-09-10 | 1992-03-19 | Raychem Corporation | Flame retardant conductive polymer composition device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3318978A (en) | 1979-08-16 |
| ZA78895B (en) | 1979-01-31 |
| DE2807207A1 (en) | 1978-08-24 |
| AU514341B2 (en) | 1981-02-05 |
| SE7801878L (en) | 1978-08-22 |
| SE426838B (en) | 1983-02-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 19980129 |