FR3141482A1 - STRUCTURE COMPRISING INSULATING GLAZING FIXED ON A WOODEN WALL AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLY OF SUCH A STRUCTURE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wooden structure (1) having a first face (2a) and a second face (2b), a wall (2) and an opening (3), said opening (3) being arranged between the first and second faces (2a, 2b), the structure (1) comprising insulating glazing (4), said insulating glazing (4) comprising at least a first pane and a second pane arranged substantially parallel to each other, said insulating glazing (4) having a first face (4a) and a second face (4b), characterized in that the structure (1) comprises an adhesive joint (9) linking the insulating glazing (4) and the wall (2) . Abstract Figure: Fig. 1

Description

STRUCTURE COMPRISING INSULATING GLAZING FIXED ON A WOODEN WALL AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING SUCH A STRUCTURE

The invention relates to a structure comprising a wooden wall and insulating glazing. The invention further relates to a method of assembling said structure.

The state of the art discloses a structure, such as a building wall, comprising an insulating glazing unit and a frame. The frame constitutes an intermediate element between the structure and the insulating glazing unit. Generally, the frame is first installed in a suitable opening in the structure, then, subsequently, the insulating glazing unit is inserted into it. In an alternative installation, the insulating glazing unit is inserted into the frame, then the assembly is inserted into the suitable opening in the structure. Such a structure has the disadvantage of a complex and lengthy installation. It is estimated that its assembly requires approximately two hours and the intervention of two qualified persons. In addition, the method requires the use of various installation elements, the management of the supply of these elements and the management of a stock of insulating glazing units.

The aim of the invention is therefore to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a structure comprising insulating glazing which is simple and quick to implement, as well as its installation method.

To do this, the invention thus relates, in its broadest sense, to a wooden structure having a first face and a second face, a wall and an opening, said opening being arranged between the first and second faces, the structure comprising insulating glazing, said insulating glazing comprising at least a first pane and a second pane arranged substantially parallel to each other, said insulating glazing having a first face and a second face, remarkable in that the structure comprises an adhesive joint binding the insulating glazing and the wall.

The structure according to the invention has the advantage of reducing the time required for the installation of insulating glazing. In addition, the supply is simplified because the assembly of the structure can be done in the factory. Furthermore, the mass of the structure is reduced compared to an equivalent structure of the prior art comprising a frame.

Preferably, the structure comprises a glazing bead arranged in contact with the first face of the insulating glazing and at least one fixing element passing through the glazing bead and fixing in the wall, the second face of the insulating glazing being in contact with the first face of the structure.

The glazing bead has the effect of adding a pressure force to the insulating glazing, thus making it possible to obtain a solid structure.

Preferably, the fixing element is a fixing screw or a nail, advantageously, the structure comprises four fixing elements.

The fastening elements have the advantage of rapid assembly of the structure.

Preferably, the first face of the wall has a groove comprising the glue joint.

The groove absorbs excess glue joint when gluing the insulating glass to the wall.

Advantageously, the structure includes a sealing gasket placed around the perimeter of the opening and in contact with the insulating glazing.

Preferably, the structure comprises a first thickness of foam arranged between the insulating glazing and the glazing bead, and a second thickness of foam arranged between the insulating glazing and the wall.

The thicknesses of the foam have the effect of compensating for any play that may exist.

Preferably, the structure comprises at least one seating wedge arranged between the insulating glazing and the opening.

Preferably, the opening comprises a first cleat, a second cleat, a third cleat, the glue joint being arranged between the cleats and the insulating glazing.

The cleats allow the insulating glass to be placed directly in the wall opening. This makes assembling the structure easier.

Preferably, the structure includes a profiled seal arranged between the insulating glazing and the wall.

Preferably, the material of the profiled seal is silicone.

Preferably, the insulating glazing includes an encapsulation arranged around its perimeter, the glue joint being in contact with the encapsulation.

Thanks to encapsulated insulating glazing, assembly is carried out quickly. The insulating glazing is glued directly onto the cleats.

Preferably, the opening and the insulating glazing have the shape of a quadrilateral with four right angles.

The invention also relates to a method of assembling a structure according to the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:
- a step of depositing a glue joint on the wall and/or on the insulating glazing;
- a step of gluing the insulating glazing to the wall.

Preferably, the method further comprises a step of fixing, after the bonding step, the insulating glazing by means of a glazing bead fixed to the wall.

Preferably, the method comprises, before the deposition step, a step of fixing the battens on the wall, the glue joint being deposited on the battens during the deposition step.

Preferably, the method comprises, before the bonding step, a step of obtaining encapsulated insulating glazing.

Preferably, the method comprises, before the bonding step, a step of introducing the insulating glazing into the profiled joint.

• illustre schématiquement une vue en coupe d’une structure selon un premier mode de réalisation de l’invention ;
• illustre schématiquement une vue de face de la structure illustrée sur la ;
• illustre schématiquement une vue en coupe d’une structure selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l’invention ;
• illustre schématiquement une vue de face de la structure illustrée sur la sans vitrage isolant ;
• illustre sous la forme d’un logigramme les étapes d’un procédé d’assemblage de la structure illustrée sur les figures 1 et 2.
• illustre sous la forme d’un logigramme les étapes d’un procédé d’assemblage de la structure illustrée sur les figures 3 et 4.

Several embodiments of the present invention will be described below, by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended figures in which:

• schematically illustrates a sectional view of a structure according to a first embodiment of the invention;
• schematically illustrates a front view of the structure illustrated in the ;
• schematically illustrates a sectional view of a structure according to a second embodiment of the invention;
• schematically illustrates a front view of the structure illustrated in the without insulating glazing;
• illustrates in the form of a flowchart the steps of a process for assembling the structure illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
• illustrates in the form of a flowchart the steps of a process for assembling the structure illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.

In the embodiment(s) of the invention, an insulating glazing unit comprising panes or sheets of glass is described. Each pane may be monolithic, i.e. made up of a single sheet of material, or composite, i.e. made up of several sheets of material between which at least one intermediate layer of adhesive material is inserted, in the case of laminated glazing. The sheet(s) of material may be mineral, in particular glass, having for example undergone annealing or tempering, or organic, in particular plastic such as polyvinyl butyral. The intermediate layer preferably contains at least one thermoplastic plastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, the thermoplastic intermediate layer may also contain, for example, polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyacrylate, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride and/or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, or copolymers or mixtures thereof. The thermoplastic intermediate layer may be formed from one or more superimposed thermoplastic films.

There illustrates a sectional view of a structure 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The structure 1 comprises a wall 2 having an opening 3 of substantially rectangular shape. In an alternative, the opening 3 is substantially square in shape.

The structure 1 further comprises an insulating glazing unit 4 comprising two sheets of glass, also called panes, making it possible to thermally and acoustically insulate, from the outside, the interior of a building in which the insulating glazing unit is intended to be installed. Such an insulating glazing unit 4 is designated by different names such as double glazing, double-glazed window, or IGU, an acronym meaning Insulated Glazing Unit in English.

The panes of the insulating glazing 4 may be, for example, monolithic glass sheets having a thickness of between 2 and 6 mm. It may also be an assembly of two glass sheets adhesively bonded by a lamination interlayer, for example made of polyvinyl butyral, also known by the acronym PVB. This assembly makes it possible to give the pane anti-burglary and/or sound insulation and/or personal safety properties, for example anti-shatter. The faces of the panes may be coated with stacks of thin layers giving the insulating glazing 4 various functionalities. For example, the external face of the panes may be coated with a self-cleaning stack containing at least one photocatalytic layer, in particular titanium oxide, in particular at least partially crystallized in anatase form and/or an anti-condensation stack comprising at least one low-emissivity layer such as a layer of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), in particular indium tin oxide (ITO) or doped zinc oxide. The other faces of the panes may be coated with stacks of low-emissivity thin layers comprising at least one layer of silver. The panes are fixed to a spacer extending continuously along their edges. The spacer has, in particular, the function of arranging an air gap between the two panes. The air gap thus makes it possible to create thermal insulation. The cold wall effect is reduced, allowing a reduction, or even disappearance, of condensation. In winter, heat losses are reduced and in summer the heat transfer from the outside to the inside of the building is limited. Thus, the air conditioning system of the building is more energy efficient. The spacer can be made of metal and/or polymer material. Metallic materials such as aluminum or stainless steel and polymers such as polyethylene, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, acrylonitrile styrene acrylate, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer are well suited. The spacer, when made of polymer material, can be reinforced with fibers, for example glass or carbon fibers. In order to ensure the sealing of the volume containing the air gap, sealing beads are arranged between the inner faces of the panes and the side edges of the spacer. The sealing beads are, for example, based on polyisobutylene. A desiccant material can be added to the spacer in order to absorb any residual moisture that may be present in the volume containing the air gap. The desiccant material can be any material capable of allowing dehydration of the air such as molecular sieve, silica gel, CaCl ₂ , Na ₂ SO ₄ , activated carbon, zeolites and/or a mixture thereof.

The insulating glazing 4 is arranged between the wall 2 and a glazing bead 5. The wall 2 has a first face 2a intended to be oriented towards the inside of the building in which the structure is intended to be installed and a second face 2b intended to be oriented towards the outside of the building. The insulating glazing 4 has a first face 4a, intended to be oriented towards the inside of the building, and a second face 4b intended to be oriented towards the outside of the building. The second face 4b of the insulating glazing 4 bears against the first face 2a of the wall 2.

The glazing bead 5 has a first face 5a intended to be oriented towards the inside and a second face 5b intended to be oriented towards the outside of the building. The first face 4a of the insulating glazing 4 is in contact with the second face 5b of the glazing bead 5. The structure 1 further comprises cleats 6 arranged around the periphery of the insulating glazing 4, between the first face 2a of the wall 2 and the second face 5b of the glazing bead 5. The cleats 6 are crossed by fixing elements 7 such as fixing screws or nails, for example by four fixing elements as illustrated in the . In an alternative, the structure 1 comprises six fixing elements in order to increase the pressure of the glazing bead 5 on the insulating glazing 4 and thus obtain a better hold.

The wall 2 comprises a groove 8 arranged on the first face 2a taking the form of a rectangular circumference. The groove 8 contains an adhesive joint 9 in contact with the second face 4b of the insulating glazing 4. In this way, the insulating glazing 4 is fixed to the wall 2 by means of the adhesive joint 9 and the pressing force generated by the glazing bead 5 and the fixing elements 7. The adhesive joint 9 also ensures a seal between the exterior and the insulating glazing 4.

Alternatively, the wall 2 does not have a groove 8. The glue joint 9 is directly affixed to the first face 2a.

The material of the adhesive joint 9 is a silane modified polymer because it has properties of permeability, polymerization time and mechanical performance suitable for the assembly of the structure 1.

The structure 1 also includes a seal 10 which, in particular, prevents water or dust infiltration. The seal 10 is arranged in contact with the second face 4b of the insulating glazing 4 and the opening 3.

A first thickness of foam (not shown) is arranged between the first face 2a of the wall 2 and the second face 4b of the insulating glazing 4 and a second thickness of foam (not shown) is arranged between the first face 4a of the insulating glazing 4 and the second face 5b of the glazing bead 5. These thicknesses of foam, having a sealing function, make it possible to take up the various gaps that may exist following the fixing of the glazing bead 5 on the wall 2.

Seat wedges (not shown) are arranged between the lower part of the insulating glazing 4 and the lower batten 6. They allow the forces generated by the insulating glazing 4 to be absorbed.

In an alternative embodiment, the cleat arranged below the insulating glazing 4 comprises a water drainage system (not shown). The drainage system is, for example, a channel dug into the cleat.

Referring now to the , a sectional view of a structure 101 according to a second embodiment of the invention is illustrated. The structure 101 comprises an opening 103 of rectangular shape and a wall 102 having a first face 102a and a second face 102b. In an alternative, the opening 103 has a square shape. With reference to the , the opening 103 has a first side 103a on which a first batten 111a is arranged, the first side 103a being intended to be oriented vertically when the structure 100 is installed in the building, a second side 103b intended to be oriented horizontally, in the upper part of the wall 2 on which a second batten 111b is arranged and a third side 103c intended to be oriented vertically on which a third batten 111c is arranged. Referring again to the , the structure 100 comprises an insulating glazing unit 104, having technical characteristics similar to those of the insulating glazing unit 4 presented in the first embodiment, in contact with the first cleat 111a, the second cleat 111b and the third cleat 111c. The insulating glazing unit 104 has a first face 104a intended to be oriented towards the inside of the building, and a second face 104b intended to be oriented towards the outside. An adhesive joint 109 is arranged between the cleats 111a, 111b, 111c and the second face 104b of the insulating glazing unit 104.

In one alternative, the cleats are directly integrated into the wall 102. In another alternative, the wall 102 has offsets in place of the cleats.

The structure 100 also comprises a profiled seal 113 in which the insulating glazing 104 is inserted. The profiled seal 113 is arranged in the opening 103. The profiled seal 113 may comprise an additional sealing element in its lower part to improve the sealing between the profiled seal 113 and the opening 103.

The structure 100 further comprises a rim 114, also called a flap, arranged between the wall 102 on the one hand and the cleats and the profiled joint 113 on the other hand.

Preferably, the profiled seal 113 is made of silicone in order to provide protection against ultraviolet and ozone. Alternatively, the material of the profiled seal 113 may be polyurethane or another polymer.

In an alternative of the second embodiment, the insulating glazing 4 is encapsulated. It thus comprises a seal all around the perimeter. The structure 100 does not, consequently, comprise the profiled seal 113 in this alternative. A fourth cleat 111d (not shown) is arranged in the lower part of the opening 103. The adhesive seal 109 is also arranged on the fourth cleat 111d.

The invention further relates to a method for assembling the structure 1. In a first step E1, an adhesive joint 9 is deposited on the wall 2 and/or on the insulating glazing 4. In a second step E2, the insulating glazing 4 is glued to the wall 2 so as to arrange the insulating glazing 4 opposite the opening 3. In a third step E3, the glazing bead 5 is fixed to the wall 2 by means of fixing elements such as fixing screws 7 or nails. Preferably, the third step E3 is carried out by means of four fixing screws.

Alternatively, during the first step E0, the glue joint 9 is deposited in the groove 8 of the wall 2.

The invention also relates to a method for assembling the structure 100. In a first step S1, the first cleat 111a is fixed to the wall 102 on the first side 103a of the opening 103, the second cleat 111b on the second side 103b and the third cleat 111c on the third side 103c by means of fixing elements such as fixing screws or nails. In a second step S2, the insulating glazing 104 is glued to the cleats 111a, 111b, 111c.

Alternatively, before carrying out the second step S2, during a step S1’, the insulating glazing 104 is introduced into the profiled seal 113.

In another alternative, before carrying out the second step S2, during a step S1’’, an encapsulated insulating glazing 4 is obtained.

The methods of assembling the structure, intended for a building, have the advantage of being able to be carried out outside the construction site of the building or directly on the site. The invention thus presents flexibility with regard to the assembly of the structure.

Claims (15)

Wooden structure (1, 100) having a first face (2a, 102a) and a second face (2b, 102b), a wall (2, 102) and an opening (3, 103), said opening (3, 103) being arranged between the first and second faces (2a, 2b, 102a, 102b), the structure (1, 100) comprising an insulating glazing (4, 104), said insulating glazing (4, 104) comprising at least a first pane and a second pane arranged substantially parallel to each other, said insulating glazing (4, 104) having a first face (4a, 104a) and a second face (4b, 104b), characterized in that the structure (1, 100) comprises an adhesive joint (9, 109) bonding the insulating glazing (4) and the wall (2). Structure (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the structure (1) comprises a glazing bead (5) arranged in contact with the first face (4a) of the insulating glazing (4) and at least one fixing element (7) passing through the glazing bead (5) and being fixed in the wall (2), the second face (4b) of the insulating glazing (4) being in contact with the first face (2a) of the structure (1). Structure (1) according to claim 2 characterized in that the fixing element (7) is a fixing screw or a nail, preferably the structure (1) comprises four fixing elements (7). Structure (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the first face (2a) of the wall (2) comprises a groove (8) comprising the glue joint (9). Structure (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the structure (1) comprises a sealing gasket (10) arranged around the perimeter of the opening (3) and in contact with the insulating glazing (4). Structure (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the structure (1) comprises a first thickness of foam arranged between the insulating glazing (4) and the glazing bead (5), and a second thickness of foam arranged between the insulating glazing (4) and the wall (2). Structure (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the structure (1) comprises at least one seating wedge arranged between the insulating glazing (4) and the opening (3). Structure (100) according to claim 1 characterized in that the opening (103) comprises a first cleat (103a), a second cleat (103b), a third cleat (103c), the glue joint (109) being arranged between the cleats (103a, 103b, 103c) and the insulating glazing (104). Structure (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that the structure (100) comprises a profiled seal (113), preferably made of silicone, arranged between the insulating glazing (104) and the wall (102). Structure (100) according to claim 8 characterized in that the insulating glazing (104) comprises an encapsulation arranged around its periphery, the glue joint (109) being in contact with the encapsulation. Method of assembling a structure (1, 100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
- a step of depositing (E1) a glue joint (9, 109) on the wall (2) and/or on the insulating glazing (4, 104);
- a step of bonding (E2) the insulating glazing (4, 104) to the wall (2). Method according to claim 11, characterized in that it further comprises a fixing step (E3), after the bonding step (E2), of the insulating glazing (4) by means of a glazing bead (5) fixed to the wall (2). Method according to claim 12 characterized in that the method comprises, before the deposition step (E1), a fixing step (S1) on the wall (102) of cleats (111a, 111b, 111c), the glue joint (109) being deposited on the cleats (111a, 111b, 111c) during the deposition step (E1). Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the method comprises, before the bonding step (E2), a step of obtaining an encapsulated insulating glazing (104). Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the method comprises, before the bonding step (E2), a step of introducing the insulating glazing (104) into the profiled seal (113).