FR3123146A1 - Method of manufacturing an optoelectronic device - Google Patents
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- FR3123146A1 FR3123146A1 FR2111484A FR2111484A FR3123146A1 FR 3123146 A1 FR3123146 A1 FR 3123146A1 FR 2111484 A FR2111484 A FR 2111484A FR 2111484 A FR2111484 A FR 2111484A FR 3123146 A1 FR3123146 A1 FR 3123146A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L25/16—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different subclasses of H10B, H10D, H10F, H10H, H10K or H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits
- H01L25/167—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different subclasses of H10B, H10D, H10F, H10H, H10K or H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits comprising optoelectronic devices, e.g. LED, photodiodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses H10B, H10F, H10H, H10K or H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
- H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses H10B, H10F, H10H, H10K or H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
- H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses H10B, H10F, H10H, H10K or H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H10H20/00
- H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses H10B, H10F, H10H, H10K or H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H10H20/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F55/00—Radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices covered by groups H10F10/00, H10F19/00 or H10F30/00 being structurally associated with electric light sources and electrically or optically coupled thereto
- H10F55/10—Radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices covered by groups H10F10/00, H10F19/00 or H10F30/00 being structurally associated with electric light sources and electrically or optically coupled thereto wherein the radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices control the electric light source, e.g. image converters, image amplifiers or image storage devices
- H10F55/15—Radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices covered by groups H10F10/00, H10F19/00 or H10F30/00 being structurally associated with electric light sources and electrically or optically coupled thereto wherein the radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices control the electric light source, e.g. image converters, image amplifiers or image storage devices wherein the radiation-sensitive devices and the electric light source are all semiconductor devices
- H10F55/155—Radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices covered by groups H10F10/00, H10F19/00 or H10F30/00 being structurally associated with electric light sources and electrically or optically coupled thereto wherein the radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices control the electric light source, e.g. image converters, image amplifiers or image storage devices wherein the radiation-sensitive devices and the electric light source are all semiconductor devices formed in, or on, a common substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10H20/011—Manufacture or treatment of bodies, e.g. forming semiconductor layers
- H10H20/018—Bonding of wafers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/83—Electrodes
- H10H20/832—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H10H20/833—Transparent materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/85—Packages
- H10H20/857—Interconnections, e.g. lead-frames, bond wires or solder balls
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/01—Manufacture or treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10H20/032—Manufacture or treatment of electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10H20/036—Manufacture or treatment of packages
- H10H20/0364—Manufacture or treatment of packages of interconnections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/81—Bodies
- H10H20/822—Materials of the light-emitting regions
- H10H20/824—Materials of the light-emitting regions comprising only Group III-V materials, e.g. GaP
- H10H20/825—Materials of the light-emitting regions comprising only Group III-V materials, e.g. GaP containing nitrogen, e.g. GaN
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/85—Packages
- H10H20/851—Wavelength conversion means
- H10H20/8511—Wavelength conversion means characterised by their material, e.g. binder
- H10H20/8512—Wavelength conversion materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H29/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one light-emitting semiconductor element covered by group H10H20/00
- H10H29/10—Integrated devices comprising at least one light-emitting semiconductor component covered by group H10H20/00
- H10H29/14—Integrated devices comprising at least one light-emitting semiconductor component covered by group H10H20/00 comprising multiple light-emitting semiconductor components
- H10H29/142—Two-dimensional arrangements, e.g. asymmetric LED layout
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Abstract
Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique La présente description concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique, comportant les étapes suivantes :a) disposer un empilement actif de diode photosensible (103) sur un premier substrat ; b) disposer un empilement actif de LED (113) sur un deuxième substrat ; c) après les étapes a) et b), reporter l'empilement actif de diode photosensible (103) sur l'empilement actif de LED (113), puis retirer le premier substrat ; et d) après l'étape c), reporter l'ensemble comportant l'empilement actif de diode photosensible (103) et l'empilement actif de LED (113) sur un circuit intégré de contrôle (151) préalablement formé dans et sur un troisième substrat semiconducteur, puis retirer le deuxième substrat. Figure pour l'abrégé : Fig. 1K Method of manufacturing an optoelectronic device The present description relates to a method of manufacturing an optoelectronic device, comprising the following steps: a) arranging an active stack of photosensitive diode (103) on a first substrate; b) disposing an active stack of LEDs (113) on a second substrate; c) after steps a) and b), transfer the active photosensitive diode stack (103) onto the active LED stack (113), then remove the first substrate; and d) after step c), transfer the assembly comprising the active stack of photosensitive diode (103) and the active stack of LEDs (113) to an integrated control circuit (151) formed beforehand in and on a third semiconductor substrate, then remove the second substrate. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1K
Description
La présente description concerne de façon générale le domaine des dispositifs optoélectroniques, et vise plus particulièrement un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique combinant une fonction d'émission lumineuse et une fonction de capture optique.The present description generally relates to the field of optoelectronic devices, and is more particularly aimed at a method of manufacturing an optoelectronic device combining a light emission function and an optical capture function.
Diverses applications sont susceptibles de tirer profit d'un dispositif optoélectronique combinant une fonction d'émission lumineuse et une fonction de capture optique. Un tel dispositif peut par exemple être utilisé pour réaliser un écran d'affichage interactif.Various applications are likely to benefit from an optoelectronic device combining a light emission function and an optical capture function. Such a device can for example be used to produce an interactive display screen.
Un objet d'un mode de réalisation est de pallier tout ou partie des inconvénients des solutions connues pour réaliser un dispositif optoélectronique combinant une fonction d'émission lumineuse et une fonction de capture optique.An object of an embodiment is to overcome all or part of the drawbacks of known solutions for producing an optoelectronic device combining a light emission function and an optical capture function.
Un mode de réalisation prévoit un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique, comportant les étapes suivantes :
a) disposer un empilement actif de diode photosensible sur un premier substrat ;
b) disposer un empilement actif de LED sur un deuxième substrat ;
c) après les étapes a) et b), reporter l'empilement actif de diode photosensible sur l'empilement actif de LED, puis retirer le premier substrat ; et
d) après l'étape c), reporter l'ensemble comportant l'empilement actif de diode photosensible et l'empilement actif de LED sur un circuit intégré de contrôle préalablement formé dans et sur un troisième substrat semiconducteur, puis retirer le deuxième substrat.One embodiment provides a method for manufacturing an optoelectronic device, comprising the following steps:
a) arranging an active photosensitive diode stack on a first substrate;
b) arranging an active stack of LEDs on a second substrate;
c) after steps a) and b), transfer the active photosensitive diode stack to the active LED stack, then remove the first substrate; And
d) after step c), transfer the assembly comprising the active stack of photosensitive diodes and the active stack of LEDs onto an integrated control circuit previously formed in and onto a third semiconductor substrate, then remove the second substrate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend, avant l'étape b), une étape de dépôt d'une couche métallique sur la face de l'empilement actif de LED opposée au deuxième substrat.According to one embodiment, the method comprises, before step b), a step of depositing a metallic layer on the face of the active stack of LEDs opposite the second substrate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, à l'étape c), l'empilement actif de diode photosensible est fixé sur l'empilement actif de LED par collage direct.According to one embodiment, in step c), the active photosensitive diode stack is fixed to the active LED stack by direct bonding.
Selon un mode de réalisation, à l'étape c), lors du report de l'empilement actif de diode photosensible sur l'empilement actif de LED, l'empilement actif de diode photosensible s'étend de façon continue sur toute la surface du premier substrat et l'empilement actif de LED s'étend de façon continue sur toute la surface du deuxième substrat.According to one embodiment, in step c), when transferring the active stack of photosensitive diode onto the active stack of LEDs, the active stack of photosensitive diode extends continuously over the entire surface of the first substrate and the active stack of LEDs extends continuously over the entire surface of the second substrate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'empilement actif de diode photosensible comprend au moins une couche semiconductrice inorganique, par exemple en un matériau III-V, et l'empilement actif de LED comprend au moins une couche semiconductrice inorganique, par exemple en un matériau III-V.According to one embodiment, the active stack of photosensitive diode comprises at least one inorganic semiconductor layer, for example made of a III-V material, and the active stack of LEDs comprises at least one inorganic semiconductor layer, for example made of a material III-V.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'empilement actif de diode photosensible comprend des première, deuxième et troisième couches semiconductrices, la deuxième couche étant disposée entre les première et troisième couches, et la troisième couche étant disposée du côté de l'empilement actif de LED à l'issue de l'étape c).According to one embodiment, the active photosensitive diode stack comprises first, second and third semiconductor layers, the second layer being placed between the first and third layers, and the third layer being placed on the side of the active LED stack at the end of step c).
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend une étape de dopage de type P de portions localisées de la première couche, les portions définissant des régions d'anode de diodes photosensibles du dispositif.According to one embodiment, the method comprises a step of P-type doping of localized portions of the first layer, the portions defining anode regions of photosensitive diodes of the device.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'étape de dopage de type P de portions localisées de la première couche est mise en oeuvre après l'étape c) et avant l'étape d).According to one embodiment, the step of P-type doping of localized portions of the first layer is implemented after step c) and before step d).
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend, après l'étape de dopage de type P de portions localisées de la première couche et avant l'étape d), une étape de formation de métallisations de connexion sur et en contact avec les portions localisées de la première couche.According to one embodiment, the method comprises, after the step of P-type doping of localized portions of the first layer and before step d), a step of forming connection metallizations on and in contact with the localized portions of the first layer.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend en outre, après l'étape c) et avant l'étape d), une étape de formation de vias conducteurs traversant l'empilement actif de diode photosensible.According to one embodiment, the method further comprises, after step c) and before step d), a step of forming conductive vias passing through the active photosensitive diode stack.
Selon un mode de réalisation, à l'étape d), les vias conducteurs sont connectés électriquement à des plots métalliques de connexion du circuit intégré.According to one embodiment, in step d), the conductive vias are electrically connected to metal connection pads of the integrated circuit.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend en outre, après l'étape d), une étape de gravure localisée de l'empilement actif de LED de façon à former dans l'empilement actif de LED une pluralité de pavés définissant chacun une LED.According to one embodiment, the method further comprises, after step d), a step of localized etching of the active stack of LEDs so as to form in the active stack of LEDs a plurality of blocks each defining an LED .
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend la formation d'éléments de conversion de couleur au-dessus d'au moins certaines des LED.According to one embodiment, the method includes forming color conversion elements above at least some of the LEDs.
Selon un mode de réalisation, au moins une des LED est surmontée d'un élément de conversion photoluminescent adapté à convertir la lumière émise par la LED vers une longueur d'onde visible et au moins une autre des LED est surmontée d'un élément de conversion photoluminescent adapté à convertir la lumière émise par la LED en un rayonnement lumineux dans la gamme de longueurs d'ondes de sensibilité de l'empilement actif de diode photosensible, de préférence un rayonnement infrarouge.According to one embodiment, at least one of the LEDs is surmounted by a photoluminescent conversion element suitable for converting the light emitted by the LED to a visible wavelength and at least one other of the LEDs is surmounted by a photoluminescent conversion element. photoluminescent conversion suitable for converting the light emitted by the LED into light radiation in the sensitivity wavelength range of the active photosensitive diode stack, preferably infrared radiation.
Selon un mode de réalisation, au moins une des LED n'est pas surmontée par un élément de conversion photoluminescent.According to one embodiment, at least one of the LEDs is not surmounted by a photoluminescent conversion element.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les éléments de conversion photoluminescents sont réalisés à base de boîtes quantiques ou de matériaux pérovskites.According to one embodiment, the photoluminescent conversion elements are produced based on quantum dots or perovskite materials.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comporte, après l'étape d), une étape de fixation d'un substrat de support temporaire du côté de l'empilement actif de LED opposé au circuit intégré, suivie d'une étape de découpe de l'ensemble comportant le circuit intégré, l'empilement actif de diode photosensible et l'empilement actif de LED en une pluralité de puces élémentaires.According to one embodiment, the method comprises, after step d), a step of fixing a temporary support substrate on the side of the active stack of LEDs opposite the integrated circuit, followed by a step of cutting the assembly comprising the integrated circuit, the active photosensitive diode stack and the active LED stack in a plurality of elementary chips.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comporte en outre une étape de transfert et de fixation des puces élémentaire sur un substrat de report du dispositif, puis une étape de retrait du substrat de support temporaire.According to one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of transferring and fixing the elementary chips on a transfer substrate of the device, then a step of removing the temporary support substrate.
Un autre mode de réalisation prévoit un dispositif optoélectronique comportant un substrat de report, et une pluralité de puces élémentaires fixées et connectées électriquement au substrat de report, chaque puce élémentaire comportant un empilement comportant, dans l'ordre à partir de la face supérieure du substrat de report, un circuit intégré de contrôle formé dans et sur un substrat semiconducteur, un étage de photodétection comportant au moins une diode photosensible, et un étage d'émission comportant au moins une LED.Another embodiment provides an optoelectronic device comprising a transfer substrate, and a plurality of elementary chips fixed and electrically connected to the transfer substrate, each elementary chip comprising a stack comprising, in order from the upper face of the substrate transfer, an integrated control circuit formed in and on a semiconductor substrate, a photodetection stage comprising at least one photosensitive diode, and an emission stage comprising at least one LED.
Selon un mode de réalisation, dans chaque puce élémentaire, l'étage de photodétection est disposée entre le circuit intégré de contrôle et l'étage d'émission, et la diode photosensible a une couche semiconductrice de cathode disposée du côté de l'étage d'émission et une couche semiconductrice d'anode disposée du côté du circuit intégré de contrôle.According to one embodiment, in each elementary chip, the photodetection stage is arranged between the control integrated circuit and the emission stage, and the photosensitive diode has a cathode semiconductor layer arranged on the side of the d stage. transmission and an anode semiconductor layer disposed on the side of the control integrated circuit.
Un autre mode de réalisation prévoit un système comportant un dispositif optoélectronique réalisé par un procédé tel que défini ci-dessus, et une source lumineuse adaptée à émettre un rayonnement lumineux dans la gamme de longueurs d'ondes de sensibilité de l'empilement actif de diode photosensible, de préférence un rayonnement infrarouge.Another embodiment provides a system comprising an optoelectronic device produced by a method as defined above, and a light source adapted to emit light radiation in the sensitivity wavelength range of the active diode stack photosensitive, preferably infrared radiation.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la source lumineuse est une source déportée.According to one embodiment, the light source is a remote source.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la source lumineuse est intégrée au dispositif optoélectronique et comprend au moins une LED formée dans l'empilement actif de LED.According to one embodiment, the light source is integrated into the optoelectronic device and comprises at least one LED formed in the active stack of LEDs.
Ces caractéristiques et avantages, ainsi que d'autres, seront exposés en détail dans la description suivante de modes de réalisation particuliers faite à titre non limitatif en relation avec les figures jointes parmi lesquelles :These characteristics and advantages, as well as others, will be set out in detail in the following description of particular embodiments given on a non-limiting basis in relation to the attached figures, among which:
les figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H, 1I, 1J, et 1K sont des vues en coupe illustrant des étapes successives d'un exemple d'un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique selon un mode de réalisation ;FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H, 1I, 1J, and 1K are cross-sectional views illustrating successive steps of an example of a method for manufacturing an optoelectronic device according to a embodiment;
les figures 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, et 2G sont des vues en coupe illustrant d'autres étapes successives d'un exemple d'un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif optoélectronique selon un mode de réalisation ;FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, and 2G are sectional views illustrating other successive steps of an example of a method for manufacturing an optoelectronic device according to one embodiment;
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Claims (23)
a) disposer un empilement actif de diode photosensible (103) sur un premier substrat (101) ;
b) disposer un empilement actif de LED (113) sur un deuxième substrat (111) ;
c) après les étapes a) et b), reporter l'empilement actif de diode photosensible (103) sur l'empilement actif de LED (113), puis retirer le premier substrat (101) ; et
d) après l'étape c), reporter l'ensemble comportant l'empilement actif de diode photosensible (103) et l'empilement actif de LED (113) sur un circuit intégré de contrôle (151) préalablement formé dans et sur un troisième substrat semiconducteur, puis retirer le deuxième substrat (111).Method for manufacturing an optoelectronic device, comprising the following steps:
a) disposing an active photosensitive diode stack (103) on a first substrate (101);
b) disposing an active stack of LEDs (113) on a second substrate (111);
c) after steps a) and b), transfer the active photosensitive diode stack (103) onto the active LED stack (113), then remove the first substrate (101); And
d) after step c), transferring the assembly comprising the active stack of photosensitive diode (103) and the active stack of LEDs (113) onto an integrated control circuit (151) formed beforehand in and onto a third semiconductor substrate, then removing the second substrate (111).
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EP22172229.1A EP4092736A1 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2022-05-09 | Method for manufacturing an optoelectronic device, corresponding device and system comprising the same |
US17/741,713 US12261161B2 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2022-05-11 | Optoelectronic device manufacturing method |
CN202210528810.9A CN115377082A (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2022-05-16 | Method for manufacturing photoelectric device |
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FR2105156A FR3123153B1 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Method of manufacturing an optoelectronic device |
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US20210134654A1 (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2021-05-06 | Monolithic 3D Inc. | Multilevel semiconductor device and structure with waveguides |
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