FR3108604A1 - Kit for obtaining a layer of building soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a kit for obtaining a layer of building soil, comprising: - a component A which is a powder mixture comprising a hydraulic binder and aggregates, and - a component B which is an aqueous dispersion comprising a dispersed organic phase comprising a polymer chosen from acrylates and styrene acrylates or a mixture of two or more of these polymers, and optionally tackifiers and / or plasticizers, the glass transition temperature of the phase consisting of said polymer or mixture of polymers and any tackifiers and / or plasticizers being less than or equal to -5 ° C.

Description

Kit for obtaining a layer of building soil

The invention relates to the field of building floors, in particular for residential, commercial, industrial or tertiary use.

These are most often interior floors (located inside the building), but they can also be exterior floors (part of the building but located outside of it, such as the floors of balconies or terraces).

Floor layers, particularly interior ones, are layers generally deposited on top of a floor substrate, such as a slab or a screed, and under a floor finish covering (for example a tile, a parquet, a carpet…). Floor layers can have several alternative or cumulative functions: they can be used in particular to fill in a thickness, to fix the finishing floor covering (for example to glue a tile), to ensure waterproofing, or even to dampen noise from 'impact. The soil layers must also meet high requirements in terms of mechanical resistance (in particular in terms of resistance to compression, bending, wear or impact), so as to resist the stresses exerted by people, furniture etc.

The floor layers are frequently based on cementitious materials which, due to their rigid and dense nature, are known to transmit impact noise, in any case when they are applied to admissible thicknesses in the field of building construction. buildings.

An object of the invention is to provide a mortar-based floor layer comprising a hydraulic binder presenting by themselves, therefore without requiring the addition of an acoustic underlayer, acoustic properties, in particular in terms of impact sound insulation.

To this end, the subject of the invention is a kit for obtaining a layer of building soil, comprising:
- a component A which is a powder mixture comprising a hydraulic binder and aggregates, and
- a component B which is an aqueous dispersion comprising a dispersed organic phase comprising a polymer chosen from acrylates and styrene-acrylates or a mixture of two or more of these polymers, and optionally tackifiers and/or plasticizers, the temperature of glass transition of the phase consisting of said polymer or mixture of polymers and any tackifiers and/or plasticizers being less than or equal to -5°C.

Another object of the invention is a process for obtaining a layer of building soil, in which the components A and B of the kit are mixed to form a paste, then said paste is applied to an element of said soil, in particular on a slab, screed or floor surface to be restored.

Another object of the invention is also a hardened mortar building floor layer comprising at least one hydraulic binder and aggregates, said hardened mortar having, at a temperature of 20° C. and for at least a frequency of between 100 and 1000 Hz, a dynamic shear modulus G' of at most 70 MPa and a loss factor tanδ of at least 0.30. The soil layer is in particular obtained or capable of being obtained by the method of the invention.

The hardened mortar preferably comprises at least one polymer, in particular chosen from acrylates and styrene-acrylates.

The hardened mortar floor layer is preferably obtained from the kit of the invention and/or by the method of the invention. Thus, the details which follow concerning the composition of the kit also apply to the layer of soil according to the invention, in the sense that the ingredients of one or other of the components of the kit will be found in the layer of soil.

In the present text, the contents indicated are always contents by weight. A content of a constituent in a given component or product is expressed by weight, respectively, of that component or product.

Component A

Component A is a powder mixture, in particular of the ready-to-mix dry mortar type.

The hydraulic binder of component A or of the soil layer is preferably chosen from Portland cements, aluminous cements, sulphoaluminous cements, hydrated lime, crushed granulated blast furnace slags, fly ash and mixtures of two or more of these binders. Portland cements cover CEM I and CEM II type cements as defined by standard EN 197-1. A CEM I cement comprises at least 95% clinker while a CEM II cement comprises at least 65% clinker and at most 35% blast furnace slag, silica fume, pozzolana, fly ash, calcined shale and/or limestone.

The aggregates of component A or of the soil layer are preferably chosen from siliceous and/or carbonate aggregates, in particular silica sands, crushed limestone and dolomites. The aggregates can also comprise lightweight aggregates chosen from perlite, vermiculite, expanded glass beads, expanded polystyrene beads, cenospheres, expanded silicates, aerogels and mixtures thereof.

Advantageously, in order to improve the acoustic properties, component A comprises rubber powder, in particular in a weight content of at least 5% by weight, in particular between 7 and 20%, relative to the weight of component A. This powder is part of the aggregates. The ground layer therefore preferably comprises rubber powder, in particular in a content of at least 1% by weight, in particular between 2 and 10% by weight, relative to the weight of the ground layer.

The total content of hydraulic binder in component A is preferably between 5 and 30% by weight. The total content of aggregates in component A is preferably between 50 and 90% by weight. These contents are indicated relative to the weight of component A.

The total content of hydraulic binder in the hardened mortar of the soil layer is preferably between 2 and 20%, in particular between 3 and 15% by weight. The total content of aggregates in the hardened mortar of the soil layer is preferably between 15 and 60%, in particular between 20 and 50% by weight. These contents are indicated relative to the weight of the soil layer.

Component B

By acrylate polymer is meant in particular a polymer obtained from monomers chosen from acrylic acid, acrylate salts and/or acrylate esters. The acrylate esters are preferably esters of C1-C10 alcohols.

By styrene-acrylate polymer is meant in particular a copolymer of styrene (or of derivatives of styrene, such as for example methylstyrene) and of acrylate monomers as defined above.

These polymers have proven to be advantageous in particular due to good compatibility with hydraulic binders such as cements, which have a high basicity, and good resistance to the exothermic hydration reactions of these hydraulic binders. Acrylate polymers are preferred in that they provide better acoustic properties.

The hardened mortar of the floor layer therefore preferably comprises such a polymer. The total content of acrylate and styrene-acrylate polymer in the hardened mortar of the floor layer is preferably between 9 and 50% by weight, in particular between 15 and 35% by weight.

The acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymers in the aqueous dispersion are preferably in the form of particles whose size is preferably between 0.1 and 100 μm, in particular between 0.15 and 50 μm, or even between 0.2 and 2 µm. By size is meant the number-average equivalent diameter, for example determined by laser diffraction spectroscopy.

The aqueous dispersion (component B) is preferably an emulsion in which the organic phase is stabilized by an emulsifying agent, in particular a surfactant. The surfactant may be non-ionic (for example based on polyethylene oxide – PEO - or polypropylene oxide – PPO, including their triblock copolymer derivatives of the PEO-PPO-PEO type), anionic (for example salts of sulphates or sulphonates such as sodium lauryl sulphate) or else cationic (for example quaternary ammonium salts such as dodecyltrimethylammonium or hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide).

The total content of acrylate and styrene-acrylate polymer in component B is preferably between 25 and 75% by weight, in particular between 35 and 65% by weight, or even between 45 and 60% by weight. Too high a concentration leads to too viscous dispersion, while high dilutions lead to reduced acoustic performance.

Various acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymers can be used in the present invention. Mention may in particular be made of dispersions sold under the reference Acronal® by the company BASF, or under the reference Encor® by the company Arkema, or even under the reference Revacryl® by the company Synthomer.

Component B and/or component A, and therefore the hardened mortar, preferably comprises tackifiers and/or plasticizers, in order to adjust the vibration damping as well as the position of the damping peak on the frequency of interest .

These compounds can be in liquid form, and therefore present in component B, which constitutes a preferred embodiment. They can alternatively be in powder form, obtained for example by atomization, and in this case be added to component A.

The or each tackifier is preferably chosen from natural tackifying resins (for example rosins, rosin derivatives, such as hydrogenated rosins, terpenes) and synthetic tackifying resins (for example aliphatic, aromatic and hydrogenated resins derived from petroleum ). Preferably, the tackifier used is a rosin and/or a terpene, in particular in the form of a dispersion and/or a powder. Mention may in particular be made of the products Dermulsene® (A7510, RE1513, TR602, etc.), Dertoline®, Staybelite®, Foral®, Dertohphene® marketed by the company DRT.

The plasticizer makes it possible to shift the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the material constituting the soil layer towards lower temperatures, in other words towards higher frequencies. Preferably, the plasticizer used is a triethylene glycol derivative. It may be, for example, triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylbutyrate) known under the trade name 3GH, or triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate) known under the trade name 3G8.

When it is present, the total content by weight of tackifier in component B is preferably between 0.5 and 40%, in particular between 2 and 20%, or even between 3 and 15%, relative to the weight of dry matter. The total content by weight of tackifier in the hardened mortar of the ground layer is then preferably between 0.2 and 25%, in particular between 5 and 15%, or even between 8 and 10%.

When it is present, the total weight content of plasticizer in component B is preferably between 0.5 and 20%, in particular between 1 and 10%, or even between 2 and 8%, relative to the weight of dry matter. The total content by weight of plasticizer in the hardened mortar of the ground layer is then preferably between 0.2 and 15%, in particular between 0.5 and 8%, or even between 1 and 6%.

The phase whose glass transition temperature is measured is the phase, in component B, consisting of the acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymer or of the mixture of such polymers and, when such compounds are present in component B, tackifiers and/or or plasticizers.

In some embodiments, component B is an aqueous dispersion of a single acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymer, with no added tackifier or plasticizer. In this case, the glass transition temperature to be considered corresponds to the glass transition temperature of said polymer.

In other embodiments, component B is an aqueous dispersion comprising at least two polymers chosen from acrylates and styrene-acrylates, without addition of tackifier or plasticizer. In this case, the glass transition temperature to be considered corresponds to the glass transition temperature of the mixture of these polymers.

When component B comprises tackifiers and/or plasticizers, the glass transition temperature to be considered corresponds to the glass transition temperature of the mixture consisting of the acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymer(s) and the tackifiers and/or plasticizers.

The glass transition temperature of the phase to be considered, that is to say of the phase consisting of said polymer or mixture of acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymers and any tackifiers and/or plasticizers, is preferably less than or equal to - 10°C, and even at -20°C, or even at -30°C or -40°C. It is preferably greater than or equal to -100°C. Such a glass transition temperature has proven to be advantageous for obtaining good impact sound absorption by conferring a viscoelastic character to the hardened mortar.

The glass transition temperature of the phase to be considered is determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) between -100°C and 120°C with a heating rate of 20°C per minute. The determination is made from the curve obtained using the tangent method, taking the point of intersection with the curve from the bisector of the tangents to the curve. The measurement is carried out on the phase to be considered, obtained after drying the aqueous dispersion.

In the kit according to the invention, the respective mass proportions of component A and of component B (A:B) preferably vary from 30:70 to 70:30, in particular from 40:60 to 60:40, or even from 45: 55 to 55:45.

Component A and/or component B may also comprise at least one additive chosen from setting retarders, setting accelerators, rheology agents (in particular thickeners or thixotropic agents), dispersing agents, leveling agents, retaining agents water, anti-caking agents, plasticizers or superplasticizers.

Preferably, the hardened mortar has, at a temperature of 20° C. and for at least one frequency between 100 and 1000 Hz, and advantageously for any frequency between 100 and 1000, at least one of the following characteristics:
- a dynamic shear modulus G' of at most 70 MPa, in particular of at most 60 MPa, and even of at most 50 MPa, in particular of at most 40 MPa, or even of at most 30 MPa,
- a loss factor tanδ of at least 0.30, in particular of at least 0.33, or even of at least 0.35.

In a known manner, the dynamic shear modulus G' corresponds to the real part of the complex shear modulus. It is also called “shear storage modulus”. The loss factor tanδ (also called damping factor) is equal to the ratio between G'' and G', the quantity G'', called "shear loss modulus", corresponding to the imaginary part of the complex shear modulus .

The kit according to the invention generally consists of component A and component B; it is then a two-component kit.

The two components of the kit are normally physically separated in order to avoid any premature reaction between them. The kit can for example comprise two distinct containers each containing one of the components A or B. The kit can also comprise a container comprising two distinct compartments each containing one of the components A or B. The kit can for example be sold in the form of a bucket containing two plastic bags each containing one of the components. The two bags can then be emptied into the bucket in order to mix in the latter. Component B usually contains the amount of water needed for the mix, but it is of course possible to add water if necessary.

The mixing of components A and B generally takes place on site, for example manually or by means of a mixer in order to obtain a paste which will then be applied to the floor substrate to be coated, for example a screed.

The application can be carried out in a known manner by means of a brush, a roller or a paintbrush, a spatula, a Flemish trowel, a trowel, a trowel or even by spraying. .

The invention also relates to a floor comprising a layer of floor according to the invention, in particular in the form of an adhesive layer and/or a sealing layer and/or an underlayer, said layer being interposed between a floor substrate (such as for example a slab, a screed or a floor to be renovated) and a finishing floor covering.

The finishing floor covering is particularly of the tile or parquet type, i.e. hard coverings for which the damping of impact noise is particularly crucial.

The thickness of the soil layer is preferably between 1 and 30 mm, in particular between 5 and 20 mm, or even between 8 and 15 mm.

According to one embodiment, the floor comprises, between the floor substrate (in particular a screed) and the floor finishing covering, only the layer according to the invention. This layer therefore plays an adhesive role (for example tile adhesive) in addition to ensuring the acoustic damping properties, and possibly other functionalities (sealing, leveling, flatness, etc.). In this case, the thickness of the layer is preferably between 5 and 15 mm.

According to another embodiment, the floor comprises, from the substrate (in particular a screed), a layer according to the invention, a layer of adhesive (for example tile adhesive or parquet adhesive), then the finishing coating of floor. The layer is then an underlayer with acoustic properties, and possibly a sealing layer. In this case, the thickness of the layer is preferably between 8 and 15 mm.

Finally, the subject of the invention is the use of a layer of building soil as defined above to dampen the transmission of impact noise.

Acoustic gains of at least 4 dB, in particular of at least 6 dB and even of at least 8 dB or of at least 10 dB are obtained in particular, in terms of improvement of noise on impact ΔL _w at the meaning of the ISO 10140-3:2010 standard.

The invention is illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.

Soil layers were obtained by mixing a component A and a component B, then depositing the paste obtained on a screed so as to form a layer 10 mm thick. The measurements on the hardened mortar were carried out after 28 days of hardening.

In all the tests, component A was a dry mortar marketed by the Applicant under the reference weber.xerm 844. Such a dry mortar comprises as hydraulic binder Portland cement as well as aggregates, including rubber powder in a weight content 10% relative to the weight of dry mortar.

Component B was an aqueous dispersion comprising a dispersed organic phase. The organic phase consisted of a polymer, with in some cases the addition of plasticizer and tackifier.

In all tests, the A:B weight ratio was 50:50.

The nature of component B in the various examples was as follows:

Example 1: dispersion comprising 65% by weight of an acrylate polymer having a glass transition temperature Tg of -55°C.

Example 2: dispersion comprising 69% by weight of an acrylate polymer having a Tg of -40°C.

Example 3: dispersion comprising 60% by weight of an acrylate polymer having a Tg of -38°C.

Example 4: dispersion comprising 54% by weight of a styrene-acrylate polymer having a Tg of -30°C.

Example 5: dispersion comprising 57% by weight of a styrene-acrylate polymer having a Tg of -8°C.

Example 6: dispersion comprising 57% by weight of a styrene-acrylate polymer (having a Tg of -2° C.) with the addition, for one part of polymer, of 0.1 part of plasticizer and 0.3 part of tackifier. The Tg of the phase consisting of polymer, plasticizer and tackifier was below -5°C.

Example 7: dispersion of Example 5 with addition for one part of polymer of 0.1 part of plasticizer and 0.3 part of tackifier.

Comparative example C1: dispersion comprising 48% by weight of a styrene-butadiene elastomer having a Tg of -16°C.

Comparative example C2: dispersion comprising 57% by weight of a styrene-butadiene elastomer having a Tg of +5°C.

Comparative example C3: dispersion of example 6, but without tackifier or plasticizer.

The plasticizer was triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylbutyrate). The tackifier was a rosin sold under the name Dermulsene® A7510 by the company DRT.

Table 1 below presents the results obtained by indicating the shear modulus G' (in MPa) and the loss factor tanδ, for the frequencies of 100 and 1000 Hz, as well as the improvement in noise on impact ΔL _w .

Shear modulus and loss factor were determined by dynamic mechanical temperature analysis (DMTA). To do this, the sample of hardened mortar is subjected to a sinusoidal stress for frequencies ranging from 1 to 100 Hz in a temperature range ranging from -40°C to 40°C with stages every 5°C. A master curve for the values of G' and tanδ between 0.1 and 10000 Hz can then be obtained by applying the Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) theory.

The acoustic performance of the hardened mortar, in this case the improvement in noise on impact ΔL _w (expressed in dB) was determined by the method described in standard ISO 10140-3:2010, but with samples of 2 .5 m². The tests were carried out on a system comprising, on a screed, a layer of soil 10 mm thick covered with tiling.

shows the impact noise enhancement curves (denoted ΔL) as a function of frequency (denoted f), in the range from 100 to 5000 Hz, for each of the examples.

Ex. G' (MPa) tanδ ΔL _w (dB) 100Hz 1000Hz 100Hz 1000Hz 1 19 30 0.33 0.43 8 2 14 18 0.28 0.35 9 3 12 15 0.25 0.33 7 4 50 100 0.35 0.35 4 5 35 50 0.31 0.28 5 6 44 60 0.53 0.25 12 7 12 18 0.35 0.47 11 C1 170 200 0.08 0.09 2 C2 200 170 0.07 0.08 2 C3 150 250 0.22 0.12 3

Claims (14)

Kit for obtaining a layer of building soil, comprising:
- a component A which is a powder mixture comprising a hydraulic binder and aggregates, and
- a component B which is an aqueous dispersion comprising a dispersed organic phase comprising a polymer chosen from acrylates and styrene-acrylates or a mixture of two or more of these polymers, and optionally tackifiers and/or plasticizers, the temperature of glass transition of the phase consisting of said polymer or mixture of polymers and any tackifiers and/or plasticizers being less than or equal to -5°C. Kit according to the preceding claim, in which the total content of hydraulic binder in component A is between 5 and 30% by weight and the total content of aggregates in component A is between 50 and 90% by weight. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, in which component A comprises rubber powder, in a content by weight of at least 5% by weight relative to the weight of component A. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, in which the total content of acrylate polymer and styrene-acrylate in component B is between 25 and 75% by weight. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, in which component B and/or component A comprises tackifiers and/or plasticizers. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, such that the glass transition temperature of the phase consisting of said polymer or mixture of acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymers and any tackifiers and/or plasticizers is less than or equal to -10°C, in particular at -20°C. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, in which the respective mass proportions of component A and of component B (A:B) vary from 30:70 to 70:30, in particular from 40:60 to 60:40. Kit according to one of the preceding claims, in which the acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymers in the aqueous dispersion are in the form of particles whose size is between 0.1 and 100 µm, in particular between 0.15 and 50 µm Process for obtaining a layer of building floor, in which components A and B of the kit according to one of the preceding claims are mixed to form a paste, then said paste is applied to an element of said floor, in particular to a slab, screed or floor surface to be restored. Hardened mortar building floor layer obtained by the method of the preceding claim, comprising at least one hydraulic binder and aggregates, said hardened mortar having, at a temperature of 20°C and for at least one frequency between 100 and 1000 Hz, a dynamic shear modulus G' of at most 70 MPa and a loss factor tanδ of at least 0.30. Floor layer according to the preceding claim, the thickness of which is between 1 and 30 mm, in particular between 5 and 20 mm. Floor layer according to one of Claims 10 or 11, comprising an acrylate or styrene-acrylate polymer, the total content of acrylate and styrene-acrylate polymer in the hardened mortar of the floor layer being between 9 and 50% by weight , in particular between 15 and 35% by weight. Floor comprising a floor layer according to one of Claims 10 to 12, in particular in the form of an adhesive layer and/or of a sealing layer and/or of an underlayer, the said layer being interposed between a floor substrate, in particular a screed, a slab or a floor to be renovated, and a finishing floor covering, in particular of the tiling or parquet type. Use of a building floor layer according to one of Claims 10 to 12 for damping the transmission of impact noise.