FR3069910A1 - PRODUCTION OF HOT WATER BY THERMOPLONGEUR ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND CONTINUOUS CURRENT OF PHOTOVOLTAIC ORIGIN - Google Patents

Abstract

The device according to the invention consists of an immersion heater (2) directly supplied with DC voltage and current from photovoltaic panels (1), a tank (3) installed upstream and in series of a solar system. production of existing hot water (9), terminal block equipped with an anti-return diode (4), an electrical box (5), a cold water inlet (7), an inlet of cold water (6), a water inlet (10) in series with the outlet (8) of the tank (3), and a hot water outlet (11) connected to the use (12) . With each hot water draw (12), the cold water inlet (7) pushes the hot water from the tank (3) to the tank (9), which has the effect of making a water intake warmer than that of the cold water system and decreases the cooling constant inside the tank (9). The invention concerns all users of hot water, domestic, industrial, agricultural.

Description

The device according to the invention relates to the production of hot water by means of a direct voltage and current electrical supply of photovoltaic origin (1) from one or more immersion heaters (2) located inside a tank of water (3).

The tank (3) is connected upstream and in series with the existing installation.

Hot water is generally produced by gas, oil, wood, solar thermal, aerothermal, geothermal, electric boilers.

The device according to the invention is to provide a solution which is part of the energy transition.

The system reduces the use of fossil fuels and electricity from the network.

The advantage of the system is that at the slightest production of direct voltage and current supplied by the photovoltaic solar field (1), at the terminals of the immersion heater (2), one will obtain a quantity of energy which will have the effect of creating a variable rise in temperature of the tank water (3).

With the use of photovoltaic electricity, unlike the production of hot water by solar thermal collectors, the device does not use a pipe, no circulator, no antifreeze liquid for winter periods.

The device according to the invention consists of a solar field (1) which will supply electricity to the heating element of the immersion heater type (2) located inside the tank (3).

The device consists of a plurality of terminal blocks (4) equipped with non-return diode, this in order to prevent photovoltaic panels of the solar field (1) from being able to consume energy.

The device includes an electrical box (5) which will protect the system and people.

The device comprises a first tank (3) equipped with a cold water inlet (6) connected to the cold water inlet from the network (7), a water outlet (8).

The device comprises a second tank (9) equipped with a water inlet (10) connected directly in series to the outlet (8) of the first tank (3), an outlet (11) connected to the use of hot water (12).

The second tank (9) can be compared to a traditional electric water heater or any other system for producing hot water, gas boilers, wood, fuel oil, etc.

The two tanks (3) and (9) will each be equipped with thermostats, safety valves and efficient insulation (13).

The system will be fitted with water inlet and outlet valves, as well as safety groups connected to the sewer, mounted according to the rules of the art.

The device according to the invention will allow the most rational use of photovoltaic electric energy. The system makes it possible to use 100% (one hundred percent) of the electrical energy supplied by the solar field (1).

The solar hot water tank (3) will therefore be connected in series and upstream of all hot water production systems.

The power and volume of the solar hot water storage tank (3) will vary according to the power of the photovoltaic solar field (1).

Each time the hot water outlet (12) is drawn, the cold water inlet (7) connected to the inlet (6) pushes the hot water from the tank (3) towards the outlet (8 ) directly connected in series with the inlet (10) of the tank (9) which has the effect of making a supply of hotter water into the tank (9) of the existing system than that of the cold water network (7 ).

The device according to the invention thus makes it possible to lower the cooling constant of the reservoir (9) due to the addition of hotter water than that of the cold water network (7) on the inlet (10 ) after drawing on the outlet (12) for use.

Lowering the cooling constant lowers the energy consumption of the tank (9).

The principle, according to the invention, is to install upstream and in series a system for producing electric hot water of photovoltaic origin (1) with direct current and voltage by supplying an immersion heater (2) located inside. of the tank (3), on an existing hot water production system (9).

The system according to the invention will be capable of supplying all or part of the hot water needs.

The device according to the invention consists in directly using the short circuit current supplied by the photovoltaic solar field (1).

Example 1:

With an average cold water inlet temperature of around 15 degrees (fifteen) and an operating water temperature of 65 degrees (sixty-five), which gives us a delta T of 50 degrees (fifty) .

With each degree of rise in the temperature of the water in the solar electric tank (3) there will be a saving of 2% (two percent).

For a 150 liter (one hundred and fifty) tank (3) equipped with a 1,500 watt (one thousand five hundred) 48 volt (forty-eight) immersion heater.

To have a temperature of 65 degrees (sixty-five), in the tank (3) it takes about 6 hours (six) of sunshine to obtain 100% (one hundred percent) of the production.

The device according to the invention will produce a rise in temperature of the water in the tank (3) every day of the year.

The device according to the invention produces domestic hot water, hot water for heating or hot water for any other need.

The two tanks (3/9) will be as close as possible to limit heat loss.

The photovoltaic solar field (1) will be as close as possible to the tank (3) equipped with the immersion heater (2) with DC voltage and current to limit voltage drops as much as possible.

In example 1: we use 5 (five) photovoltaic panels 330 watts (three hundred and thirty) 48 volts (forty-eight) coupled in parallel which makes it possible to obtain a power 1500 watts (one thousand five hundred) using the voltage 48 volts (forty eight) which is the safety voltage in direct current, no risk of electric shock for people.

Namely: the same photovoltaic panels coupled in series will produce the same power or 1500 watts (one thousand five hundred) with a voltage of 240 volts (two hundred and forty). The use of the serial coupling allows the use of traditional hot water tank called cumulus, the 240 volts voltage (two hundred and forty) allows to reduce the section of the electric power cables and to reduce the voltage drops, but requires the installation of adequate electrical protection according to the rules of art.

According to example 1, to halve the heating time, it is enough to double the power, which is very interesting during periods of low sunshine, considering that in mainland France the average sunshine is around 1800 hours (one thousand eight hundred) which gives us an average daily theoretical duration of sunshine of 5 hours (five). It could be deduced therefrom that the system according to the invention would have a yield close to 100% (one hundred percent).

Knowing that in mainland France there are on average 65 days (sixty five) without sun, the system according to the invention will have a yield of about 80% (eighty percent).

The device according to the invention is capable of supplying water at 100 degrees (one hundred) celsius.

Example 2:

With an average cold water inlet temperature of around 15 degrees (fifteen) and 5 an operating water temperature of 100 degrees (one hundred), which gives us a delta T of 85 degrees (eighty five ).

For a 150 liter (one hundred and fifty) tank (3) equipped with two 1,500 watt (one thousand five hundred) 48 volt (forty-eight) immersion heaters.

To have a temperature of 100 degrees (one hundred), in the tank (3), it takes about 5 hours (five) of sunshine to obtain 100% (one hundred percent) of the production.

The production of electric hot water of photovoltaic origin, according to the invention, concerns all users of hot water: whether for domestic hot water for heating or for any other need, domestic, industrial, agricultural.

Claims (6)

1) Device for producing electric hot water at DC voltage and current, characterized in that it consists of a photovoltaic solar field (1), a water tank (3) equipped with an immersion heater (2) installed directly in series with an existing hot water production system, tank (9) which can be 5 assimilated to an electric water heater, an electrical box (5) for the protection of the system and people, a plurality of terminal blocks (4) equipped with non-return diode, make it possible to prevent panels photovoltaics of the solar field can be consumers of energy, a cold water inlet network (7) connected to the inlet (6) of the tank (3) and an outlet (11 jservoir (9) connected to the water outlet 10 hot of use (12), the outlet (8) of the tank (3) is connected directly in series with the inlet (10) of the tank (9), the two tanks (3) and (9) are equipped with '' high-performance insulation (13). 2) The device according to claim 1 characterized in that the immersion heater (2) is supplied with DC voltage and current of photovoltaic origin at these terminals 15 by directly using the short circuit current supplied by the solar field (1). 3) The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet (8) of the reservoir (3) and the inlet (10) of the reservoir (9) will be installed directly in series, thus at each drawing d hot water on the outlet (12), the cold water inlet (7) pushes the hot water from the tank (3) to the 20 outlet (8) connected directly in series with the inlet (10) of the tank (9) which has the effect of making a supply of hotter water into the tank (9) of the existing system than the water network cold (7). 4) The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a supply of hotter water than that of the cold water network (7) 25 on the inlet (10) of the reservoir (9) makes it possible to lower the cooling constant. Lowering the cooling constant has the effect of lowering the energy consumption of the tank (9). 5) The device according to claim 1 characterized in that according to the coupling in series or in parallel of the photovoltaic panels which compose the solar field 30 (1) for identical powers, different voltages may be used. 6) The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volumes and the temperature of water to be heated will be variable depending on the power of the photovoltaic solar field (1).