FR3063936A1 - METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE THERMAL REGULATION OF AN ELECTRICAL DRIVE CHAIN OF A VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an installation (10) for the thermal regulation of the traction chain of a vehicle via the movable closing means (140) which is configured in its open or closed configuration according to the operating condition of the traction chain. This clever configuration, which depends on the speed of operation of the vehicle, allows on the one hand to optimize the cooling of the electric traction system (400) by the heat transfer fluid and, on the other hand, to reduce the electrical consumption of the installation (20) for regulating the temperature of the passenger compartment of the vehicle by means of heat transfers between the coolant and the coolant to generate a flow of hot or cold air in the passenger compartment.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to the field of thermal regulation systems for electric or hybrid motor vehicles. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for regulating the temperature of a traction chain of a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to an installation for thermal regulation of the traction chain of such a motor vehicle.

State of the art

Systems for cooling the electric traction chain of a motor vehicle are known by means of a heat exchanger taking the form of a radiator situated behind a front face of the motor vehicle, and more particularly situated in rear of a grille of said motor vehicle. In a known manner, such a configuration makes it possible to take advantage of the air flow coming from the exterior of the motor vehicle and passing through the radiator grille to improve the heat exchanges at the level of the radiator and, ultimately, to allow better cooling of the electric traction chain. of the motor vehicle.

The disadvantage of these cooling systems is that they require the absorption of air outside the vehicle through the radiator grille, thus having a non-negligible impact on the coefficient of penetration into the air of the motor vehicle, in particular for speeds. high. Such an impact increases the power consumption of the powertrain and / or its level of pollution, in the case of a hybrid vehicle. Furthermore, the efficiency and / or the need to cool the electric traction chain by the radiator thus exposed to the air flow varies depending for example on the speed and / or the operating regime of the motor vehicle. However, such cooling systems do not allow the cooling of the electric powertrain to be adapted according to the conditions of use of the motor vehicle.

The object of the present invention is to respond at least in part to the above problems and also to lead to other advantages by proposing a new method for regulating the temperature of the electric traction chain of a motor vehicle and a new installation. thermal regulation to solve at least one of these problems.

Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to improve the coefficient of penetration into the air of the motor vehicle in order to reduce the electrical consumption of the traction chain which drives it.

Another object of the present invention is to improve the thermal regulation capacities of the traction chain of the motor vehicle.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new thermal regulation installation of the electric traction chain of a motor vehicle making it possible to reduce the electric consumption of a thermal treatment installation of the passenger compartment of said motor vehicle.

Statement of the invention

According to a first aspect of the invention, at least one of the abovementioned objectives is achieved with a method for regulating the temperature of an electric traction chain of a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle, said regulating method comprising the following steps:

- A first step of heat exchange between a heat transfer fluid and a refrigerant of a refrigerant circuit of the vehicle using a first heat exchanger;

- a second step comprising the determination of a temperature of the heat transfer fluid, determined at the level of the electric traction chain and a comparison of the determined temperature with a first threshold temperature:

o if the determined temperature is higher than the first threshold temperature, then the heat transfer fluid is cooled by air outside the vehicle and passing through a second heat exchanger disposed at a front face of the vehicle;

o if the determined temperature is lower than the first threshold temperature, then a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the air outside the vehicle is prohibited at the second heat exchanger;

- a third stage of heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the electric traction chain of the vehicle using a third heat exchanger.

In the thermal regulation process according to the first aspect of the invention, the heat transfer fluid is used to transport calories from the electric traction chain to the first heat exchanger, or from the first heat exchanger to the heat chain. electric traction, according to the operating modes implemented and as they will be described later. To this end, the heat transfer fluid is transported in a heat transfer fluid circuit which comprises means of fluid communication making it possible to control a flow of the heat transfer fluid between two zones distant from one another. By way of nonlimiting example, the heat transfer fluid circuit can comprise conduits and / or at least one valve and / or at least one pump.

The refrigerant is used to transport calories in a refrigerant circuit for an installation for the thermal regulation of a passenger compartment of the vehicle. Generally, the installation for thermal regulation is configured to be able to heat and / or ventilate and / or cool the passenger compartment. To this end, the refrigerant circuit includes other fluid communication means making it possible to control a flow of the refrigerant. By way of nonlimiting example, the refrigerant circuit can comprise conduits and / or a valve and / or a pump and / or a compressor.

The thermal regulation process according to the first aspect of the invention thus implements several heat exchangers of the installation for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain and several heat exchangers of the installation for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle in order to make collaborate together - and according to a particularly original operating mode with regard to the known prior art - the heat transfer fluid circuit cooling the electric traction chain and the installation for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment vehicle.

To this end, the first heat exchanger makes it possible to carry out heat transfers between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid. By way of nonlimiting example, the first heat exchanger can be of the type of a tube or plate exchanger. In general, the first heat exchanger is arranged to allow local thermal interaction between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid to allow heat transfer between one and the other, in one direction or the other. Such a thermal interaction can be obtained by circulating the two fluids locally adjacent, for example by circulating them along two adjacent conduits, one separated

-4from the other by a common thermally conductive wall and through which the calories can be transferred from one of the two fluids to the other of the two fluids.

The second heat exchanger is arranged to allow, under certain operating conditions specific to the thermal regulation process according to the first aspect of the invention, to carry out heat transfers between the heat transfer fluid and the air outside the vehicle, in order to cool the coolant. By way of nonlimiting example, the second heat exchanger can take the form of a radiator, composed of a network of tubes inside which the heat-transfer fluid circulates, said network of tubes being able to be exposed to outside air. under certain conditions. In particular, under certain conditions which will be detailed below, the outside air passes through the second heat exchanger in order to dissipate calories from the heat transfer fluid in the outside air.

The term “outside air” is understood here to mean air situated on the side opposite to a vehicle body relative to the electric traction chain of said vehicle.

The third heat exchanger is arranged to allow heat transfers to be made between the heat transfer fluid and electrical and / or electronic components and / or elements of the vehicle's electric traction chain, in particular an electric traction motor. Generally, the third heat exchanger can take various forms depending on the configuration of the electric powertrain. In general, the third heat exchanger takes the form of a heat transfer fluid circuit located near the electrical and / or electronic components and / or elements of the traction chain to be cooled, in order to make possible a thermal interaction. between said electrical and / or electronic components and / or said elements of the traction chain with the heat transfer fluid. In particular, but not limited to, such a thermal interaction can be obtained by sharing a thermally conductive wall between the heat transfer fluid circuit on the one hand and at least part of the electrical and / or electronic components and / or elements of the traction chain on the other hand.

In the regulation method according to the first aspect of the invention, the second step firstly comprises determining the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain, for example at one of the elements of this chain. traction. The determination of the temperature can be direct, by means of a measurement of the temperature of the heat-transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain, or indirect, for example by the determination of a parameter dependent on the temperature and representative

-5 a particular state of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain. Alternatively again, the temperature of the heat transfer fluid located at the level of the electric traction chain can be determined by an estimate from the operating parameters of the vehicle and / or parameter (s) of the electric traction chain.

Then, the second step of the regulation method in accordance with the first aspect of the invention comprises a step of comparing the temperature thus determined with a first reference temperature called the first threshold temperature: if the determined temperature of the heat transfer fluid is higher than the first temperature threshold, then the second heat exchanger is used to cool the heat transfer fluid before said heat transfer fluid reaches the third heat exchanger, thereby lowering the temperature of the heat transfer fluid reaching the electric traction chain. This advantageous configuration thus makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the heat transfers at the third heat exchanger, and, consequently, to improve the cooling of the electric traction chain when the latter dissipates too much heat.

Conversely, if the determined temperature of the heat transfer fluid is lower than the first threshold temperature, then it is not necessary to cool the heat transfer fluid before it reaches the electric traction chain. In this case, the thermal regulation method according to the first aspect of the invention provides for preventing, or even prohibiting, heat transfers between the heat transfer fluid and the air outside the vehicle at the level of the second heat exchanger. According to a first alternative embodiment, it is possible to prevent or prohibit these heat transfers by preventing outside air from reaching the second heat exchanger. According to a second variant embodiment which can be combined with the first variant, it is possible to prevent or prohibit these heat transfers by preventing the heat transfer fluid from passing through the second heat exchanger, for example by means of a circuit bypassing the heat transfer fluid.

Thus, according to its first aspect, the method of regulating the temperature of the electric traction chain makes it possible to optimize the exploitation of the calories dissipated by the traction chain and captured by the heat transfer fluid at the level of the third heat exchanger: for a determined temperature of the traction chain lower than the first threshold temperature, then the calories captured by the heat transfer fluid are directly transferred to the coolant through the first heat exchanger, the coolant circuit

-6 operating according to the so-called heat pump mode and thus making it possible to heat the passenger compartment of the vehicle without negatively impacting a coefficient of penetration into the air of the vehicle. On the other hand, for a determined temperature of the traction chain higher than the first threshold temperature, then the heat transfer fluid is first cooled by the air outside the vehicle, through the second heat exchanger, before capturing the calories dissipated by the electric traction chain and then transfer them to the coolant through the first heat exchanger.

The regulation method in accordance with the first aspect of the invention makes it possible to improve the thermal regulation capacities of the electric traction chain of a vehicle by proposing several thermal regulation alternatives as a function of the determined temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain.

The regulation process in accordance with the first aspect of the invention may advantageously include at least one of the improvements below, the technical characteristics forming these improvements can be taken alone or in combination:

- If the determined temperature, for example at the level of the electric traction chain, is higher than the first threshold temperature, then the second step comprises a step of opening a movable shutter means making it possible to circulate the air outside the vehicle through the front face of said vehicle. Conversely, if the determined temperature of the heat transfer fluid is lower than the first threshold temperature, then the second step may include a step of closing a movable shutter means making it possible to circulate the air outside the vehicle through the front face of said vehicle. This advantageous configuration makes it possible to adapt the flow of outside air passing through the front face of the vehicle as a function of heat dissipation from the electric power train. Subsequently, the method according to the first aspect of the invention thus makes it possible to improve the coefficient of penetration into the air of a vehicle;

- Generally, the movable shutter means is configured to be able to take any configuration between a closed configuration in which the air outside the vehicle does not reach the second heat exchanger and an open configuration in which the outside air at the vehicle reaches the second heat exchanger. By way of nonlimiting example, the movable shutter means can take the form of at least one movable flap, such as for example at least one pivoting flap

-7 around an axis of rotation or several movable flaps, each pivoting about a proper axis of rotation;

- An opening angle of the mobile shutter means depends on a speed of the vehicle;

- For example, the regulation process can provide a mode where if the vehicle speed is less than or equal to a threshold speed, preferably equal to about 100 km / h, then the mobile shutter means is closed;

- Similarly, according to another example, the regulation method can provide another mode where if the vehicle speed is greater than the threshold speed, then the mobile shutter means is open. According to a first alternative embodiment, when the speed of the vehicle is greater than the threshold speed, then the movable shutter means is invariably open, possibly according to the opening angle corresponding to the speed of the vehicle, and as long as said speed of the vehicle remains above the first threshold speed. According to a second alternative embodiment, if the vehicle speed is greater than the threshold speed, then the opening of the mobile shutter means is intermittent. In other words, the shutter means then oscillates between the open configuration and the closed configuration, according to a duty cycle which depends on the cooling needs of the electric traction chain of the vehicle and / or the speed of said vehicle for example. . The oscillations of the shutter means are advantageously cyclic, and preferably periodic;

- the mobile shutter means is defined in its open configuration when the vehicle is in the braking phase in order to optimize its electrical consumption;

- the first threshold temperature is between 40 and 60 ° C; the first threshold temperature is preferably equal to 50 ° C;

- if the determined temperature is greater than the first threshold temperature, then the heat transfer fluid is cooled by the air outside the vehicle and passing through the second heat exchanger as long as said determined temperature is greater than a second threshold temperature;

- The second threshold temperature is advantageously lower than the first threshold temperature in order to carry out a hysteresis operating cycle of the thermal regulation process in accordance with the first aspect of the invention. Preferably, the

-8second threshold temperature is between 25 ° C and 35 ° C; more preferably still, the second threshold temperature is equal to 30 ° C.

According to a second aspect, the invention also relates to an installation for the thermal regulation of an electric traction chain of a vehicle, said installation comprising means arranged to implement all the stages of the regulation process in accordance with the first aspect of the invention or according to any one of its improvements.

Thus, the installation in accordance with the second aspect of the invention makes it possible to improve the thermal regulation capacities of the electric traction chain of a vehicle by proposing several thermal regulation alternatives as a function of the determined temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain.

Advantageously, the installation according to the second aspect of the invention comprises

- a refrigerant circuit for cooling or heating a passenger compartment of the vehicle;

- a heat transfer fluid circuit for dissipating calories produced by the vehicle's electric traction chain;

- a first heat exchanger between the refrigerant and the heat transfer fluid;

- a second heat exchanger located at a front face of the vehicle;

- a third heat exchanger between the heat transfer fluid and the electric traction chain;

- A mobile shutter means arranged to be able to prohibit a heat exchange between the air outside the vehicle and the heat transfer fluid at the second heat exchanger;

- A means of determining a temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the temperature being determined at the level of the electric traction chain.

As described above, the heat transfer fluid circuit is arranged to allow a flow of the heat transfer fluid in order to transport calories from the third heat exchanger located at the level of the electric traction chain to the first heat exchanger, or from the first heat exchanger to the third interchange

-9 thermal. To this end, the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises fluid communication means making it possible to control a flow of the heat transfer fluid. By way of nonlimiting example, the heat transfer fluid circuit can comprise conduits and / or a valve and / or a pump.

Similarly, the refrigerant circuit is designed to transport the refrigerant from an installation for the thermal regulation of a passenger compartment of the vehicle. Generally, the installation for thermal regulation is configured to be able to heat and / or ventilate and / or cool the passenger compartment. To this end, the refrigerant circuit includes other fluid communication means making it possible to control a flow of the refrigerant. By way of nonlimiting example, the refrigerant circuit can include conduits and / or a valve and / or a pump and / or a compressor and / or other heat exchangers.

The installation for thermal regulation according to the second aspect of the invention thus implements several heat exchangers in order to make collaborate together - and according to the regulation method according to the first aspect of the invention or according to any of its improvements - the heat transfer fluid circuit cooling the electric power train and the installation for thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

As described above with reference to the thermal regulation process according to the first aspect of the invention, the first heat exchanger allows for this purpose to carry out heat transfers between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant. By way of nonlimiting example, the first exchanger can be of the type of a tube or plate exchanger. In general, the first heat exchanger is arranged to allow local thermal interaction between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid to allow heat transfer between one and the other, in one direction or the other. Such a thermal interaction can be obtained by circulating the two fluids locally adjacent, for example by circulating them along two adjacent conduits and separated from each other by a common thermally conductive wall and through which calories can be transferred from one of the two fluids to the other of the two fluids.

The second heat exchanger is arranged to allow, under certain operating conditions specific to the thermal regulation process according to the first aspect of the invention, to carry out heat transfers between the heat transfer fluid and the outside air

-10to the vehicle in order to cool the heat transfer fluid. By way of nonlimiting example, the second heat exchanger can take the form of a radiator, composed of a network of tubes inside which the heat-transfer fluid circulates, said network of tubes being able to be exposed to outside air. under certain conditions. In particular, when the conditions are required, the outside air passes through the second heat exchanger in order to exchange calories with the heat transfer fluid.

The third heat exchanger is arranged to allow heat transfers to be made between the heat transfer fluid and electrical and / or electronic components and / or elements of the vehicle's electric traction chain. Generally, the third heat exchanger can take various forms depending on the configuration of the electric powertrain. In general, the third heat exchanger takes the form of a heat transfer fluid circuit located near the electrical and / or electronic components and / or elements of the traction chain to be cooled, in order to make possible a thermal interaction. between said electrical and / or electronic components and / or said elements of the traction chain with the heat transfer fluid. In particular, but not limited to, such a thermal interaction can be obtained by sharing a thermally conductive wall between the heat transfer fluid circuit on the one hand and at least part of the electrical and / or electronic components and / or elements of the traction chain on the other hand.

As described above, the movable shutter means is configured to be able to take any position between a closed configuration in which the air outside the vehicle does not reach the second heat exchanger and an open configuration in which the air outside the vehicle reaches the second heat exchanger. In accordance with the first aspect of the invention as described above, the mobile shutter means is controlled as a function of the temperature determined at the level of the electric traction chain of the vehicle.

Finally, the temperature determining means is configured to determine the temperature at the level of the electric traction chain of the vehicle. As described above, the means for determining the temperature can be direct, for example by means of a measurement of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain, or indirect, for example by determining a temperature-dependent parameter representative of a particular state of the heat transfer fluid at the

-11 electric traction chain. Alternatively again, the temperature of the heat transfer fluid located at the level of the electric traction chain can be determined by an estimate from the operating parameters of the vehicle and / or parameter (s) of the electric traction chain.

The installation according to the second aspect of the invention may advantageously include at least one of the improvements below, the technical characteristics forming these improvements can be taken alone or in combination:

- The means for determining the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain comprises at least one temperature probe. The temperature probe is advantageously configured to measure the temperature of the heat transfer fluid located in a part of the heat transfer fluid circuit located near or in the third heat exchanger. Optionally, the temperature sensor is configured to measure a wall of the heat transfer fluid circuit located near or in the third heat exchanger. The determination of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid located at the level of the electric traction chain makes it possible to improve the precision of the thermal regulation process according to the first aspect of the invention and controlling the installation for the thermal regulation according to the second aspect of the invention. In other words, determining the temperature of the heat transfer fluid by direct measurement makes it possible to more precisely regulate the temperature of the electric traction chain;

- the mobile shutter means is located between the front face of the vehicle and the second heat exchanger. This configuration makes it possible to prevent outside air from reaching the second heat exchanger and, consequently, to prevent or even prohibit any heat transfer between the heat transfer fluid and the outside air. In this configuration, the heat transfer fluid always passes through the second heat exchanger, but the latter is not traversed by the outside air. The movable closure means can be alternately located between the second heat exchanger and the front face of the vehicle, the latter being for example formed by a ventilation opening of the vehicle, such as for example a grille or a front bumper of said vehicle, or opposite the front face of the vehicle with respect to the second heat exchanger;

- The movable shutter means comprises at least one movable flap arranged to take any configuration between a closed configuration in which the outside air

The vehicle does not reach the second heat exchanger, and an open configuration in which the air outside the vehicle reaches the second heat exchanger;

- the at least one movable flap pivots about an axis of rotation, said movable flap being able to pivot in the open or closed configuration. According to a first alternative embodiment comprising a plurality of movable flaps, each movable flap pivots about a proper axis of rotation. According to a second alternative embodiment, all the movable flaps pivot around a single axis of rotation. According to any one of these variants, the at least one movable flap is advantageously movable between the open configuration and the closed configuration. In addition, an opening angle of the at least one movable flap can then be automatically adjusted passively, as a function of the speed of movement of the vehicle and, for example, of an outside air flow reaching said at less a movable flap, by an aerodynamic support effect;

- According to an advantageous alternative embodiment, the mobile shutter means comprises at least one actuator collaborating with the at least one movable flap in order to configure said at least one movable flap in the open or closed configuration. In this alternative embodiment, compatible with any of the alternative embodiments of the at least one movable flap described above, the opening angle of the at least one movable flap is configured by the at least one actuator . According to a first alternative embodiment, each movable flap is controlled by an actuator. According to a second alternative embodiment, all the movable flaps are controlled by a single actuator;

- the installation according to the second aspect of the invention comprises a control unit configured to control the at least one actuator in order to configure the at least one corresponding movable flap in the open or closed configuration. Advantageously, the means for determining the temperature of the heat transfer fluid communicates with the control unit, for example via wired means, in order to transmit the determined temperature making it possible to implement the regulation process in accordance with the first aspect of the invention and in order to control the opening angle of the movable closure means;

- the heat transfer fluid circuit includes:

A first conduit which extends between the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger so as to bypass the second heat exchanger;

- a second conduit which extends between the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger so as to allow the heat transfer fluid to pass through the second heat exchanger;

- at least one valve for alternately directing the heat transfer fluid to the first return pipe or the second pipe;

- the at least one valve is controlled by a control unit as a function of the temperature determined by the means for determining the temperature of the heat transfer fluid;

the valve is configured to circulate the heat transfer fluid in the first pipe if the temperature of the determined heat transfer fluid is lower than the first threshold temperature, and to circulate the heat transfer fluid in the second pipe if the temperature of the determined heat transfer fluid is higher at the first threshold temperature. Thus, the installation for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain can be configured via the valve - controlled by the control unit - according to three distinct configurations:

- if the temperature of the heat transfer fluid determined at the level of the electric traction chain is lower than the first threshold temperature, then the heat transfer fluid is transported directly from the first heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger through the first conduit in order to bypass the second heat exchanger located near the front of the vehicle;

- if the temperature of the heat transfer fluid determined at the level of the electric traction chain is higher than the first threshold temperature, then the heat transfer fluid is transported from the first heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger and via the second heat exchanger, through the second conduit;

- Optionally, the valve can also be configured to circulate the heat transfer fluid simultaneously in the first conduit and the second conduit, according to a first flow of heat transfer fluid circulating in the first conduit and a second flow of heat transfer fluid circulating in the second conduit;

The heat transfer fluid is preferably liquid; and preferably still, the heat transfer fluid comprises glycol.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a vehicle is proposed comprising the installation for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain according to the second aspect of the invention or according to any one of its improvements.

In particular, such a vehicle is of the type of an electric or hybrid vehicle. Of course, the term vehicle is understood here in its broadest sense, as a vehicle driven by on-board propulsion. As nonlimiting examples, it can therefore be a car, a truck, a coach, a motorbike.

Various embodiments of the invention are provided, integrating according to all of their possible combinations the different optional characteristics set out here.

Description of the figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description on the one hand, and from several exemplary embodiments given by way of non-limiting indication with reference to the appended schematic drawings on the other hand, in which :

- FIGURE 1 illustrates a schematic view of an embodiment in accordance with the second aspect of the invention of an installation for the thermal regulation of an electric traction chain of a vehicle, associated with an installation for the thermal regulation of a passenger compartment of said vehicle, the installation for thermal regulation being used according to a first configuration;

- FIGURE 2 illustrates a schematic view of the installation for the thermal regulation of an electric powertrain of a vehicle illustrated in FIGURE 1 and used in a second configuration;

- FIGURE 3 illustrates a functional diagram in accordance with the first aspect of the invention of a method for regulating the temperature of an electric drive train of a vehicle.

Of course, the characteristics, the variants and the various embodiments of the invention can be associated with one another, according to various combinations, insofar as they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive of each other. We will be able to

-15notably imagine variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described below in isolation from the other characteristics, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the prior art.

In particular, all the variants and all the embodiments described can be combined with one another if nothing is technically opposed to this combination.

In the figures, the elements common to several figures keep the same reference.

Detailed description of the invention

With reference to FIGURES 1 and 2, an example of an installation 10 for the thermal regulation of an electric traction chain 400 of a vehicle will first be described. Such an installation includes:

- A refrigerant circuit 200 for cooling or heating a passenger compartment of the vehicle;

- a heat transfer fluid circuit 100 for dissipating calories produced by the electric traction chain 400 of the vehicle;

- A first heat exchanger 110 between the refrigerant and the heat transfer fluid;

- a second heat exchanger 120 located at a front face 500 of the vehicle;

- A third heat exchanger 130 between the heat transfer fluid and the electric traction chain 400;

- A mobile shutter means 140 arranged to be able to prohibit a heat exchange between the air outside the vehicle and the heat transfer fluid at the second heat exchanger 120;

a means 150 for determining a temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the temperature being determined at the level of the electric traction chain 400.

-16The heat transfer fluid is designed to be able to transport calories. The heat transfer fluid comprises for example water and / or glycol and / or deionized water and / or a dielectric fluid such as fluorinated hydrocarbons.

The heat transfer fluid circuit 100 is arranged to allow circulation of the heat transfer fluid. In the example illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2, the heat transfer fluid circuit 100 comprises a plurality of conduits 160 making it possible to transport the heat transfer fluid, at least one pump 170 in order to generate a flow of the heat transfer fluid, at least one valve 190 in order to control the flow of the heat transfer fluid inside at least part of the conduits 160 and / or in order to direct the heat transfer fluid towards a part of the plurality of conduits 160. The at least one valve 190 and l 'at least one pump 170 are advantageously controlled by a control unit not shown.

More particularly, the plurality of conduits 160 comprises in particular (i) a first conduit 101 which extends between the first heat exchanger 110 and the third heat exchanger 130 so as to bypass the second heat exchanger 120, the first conduit 101 forming a circuit bypassing the second heat exchanger 120 and (ii) a second conduit 102 which extends between the first heat exchanger 110 and the third heat exchanger 130 so as to allow the heat transfer fluid to pass through the second heat exchanger 120. Consequently, the at least one valve 190 of the heat transfer fluid circuit 100 makes it possible to orient the heat transfer fluid alternately towards the first conduit 101 or the second conduit 102.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2, the heat transfer fluid circuit 100 comprises two pumps 170. The first pump 170a is located between the first heat exchanger 110 and the second heat exchanger 120 in order to generate the flow of the fluid heat transfer fluid inside the second conduit 102. The second pump 170b is located between the first heat exchanger 110 and the third heat exchanger 130 in order to generate the flow of the heat transfer fluid inside the first conduit 101. Consequently, the first pump 170a is activated in order to circulate the heat transfer fluid to the second heat exchanger 120, and the second pump 170b is activated in order to circulate the heat transfer fluid to the third heat exchanger 130 via the bypass circuit. The first pump 170a and the second pump 170b can be activated alternately or simultaneously depending on the desired effects, and as will be described later.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2, the heat transfer fluid circuit 100 comprises two valves 190. The first valve 190a is located between the first pump 170a and the second heat exchanger 120 in order to control the flow of the fluid coolant inside the second pipe 102 and / or inside the first pipe 101. In other words, the first valve 190a makes it possible to direct the heat transfer fluid only in the second pipe 102 towards the second heat exchanger 120 , or only in the first conduit 101, or simultaneously through the first 101 and the second 102 conduit. The second valve 190b is located between the third heat exchanger 130 and the first heat exchanger 110 in order to control the flow of the heat transfer fluid inside a short duct 103 connecting one end of the second heat exchanger 120 located on the side of the first exchanger thermal 110. For example, the valve or valves 190a, 190b can be three-way valves.

In the example illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2, the second heat exchanger 120 advantageously takes the form of a radiator. Generally, a body temperature of the radiator is less than or equal to 65 ° C. The second heat exchanger 120 allows a heat transfer between an outside air and the heat transfer fluid. As described above, the outside air is located outside the vehicle, that is to say on a side opposite to the electric traction chain 400 with respect to a vehicle body. The second heat exchanger 120 comprises (i) first fluid coupling means, not shown, allowing the heat transfer fluid circulating in a first part of the second conduit 102 to penetrate at a first end into the second heat exchanger 120, and (ii) second fluid coupling means, not shown, allowing the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second heat exchanger 120 to come out of it and enter a second part of the second conduit 102.

According to the invention in its second aspect, the movable shutter means 140 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 is arranged to be able to be configured between two extreme positions described above: the closed configuration in which the air outside the vehicle does not reach the second heat exchanger 120 and the open configuration in which the air outside the vehicle reaches the second heat exchanger 120. Preferably, the movable closure means 140 comprises at least one movable flap located at the front face 500 of the vehicle. More particularly, the mobile shutter means 140 is located at the level of an air vent of the vehicle, for example at the level of the grille or the bumper of the

-18vehicle, either on the side opposite to the second heat exchanger 120 with respect to said air outlet, or in an intermediate position between the air outlet and the second heat exchanger 120.

The third heat exchanger 130 is arranged to allow a heat transfer between the heat transfer fluid and the electric traction chain 400. More particularly, and by way of nonlimiting example, the third heat exchanger 130 comprises a plurality of conduits located near the electrical and / or electronic components and / or elements of the electric traction chain 400 in order to make possible a thermal interaction between said electrical and / or electronic components and / or said elements of the traction chain with the heat transfer fluid. In particular, such a thermal interaction can be obtained by sharing a thermally conductive wall between the heat transfer fluid circuit 100 on the one hand and at least part of the electrical and / or electronic components and / or elements of the chain. on the other hand. The thermal interaction leading to the heat transfer between the electric traction chain 400 and the heat transfer fluid can advantageously take place by thermal conduction and / or by thermal convection and / or by radiation.

The term electrical and / or electronic components includes in particular an electronic control module, a traction motor, a transformer, a DC / DC converter, etc.

The means for determining the temperature 150 of the heat transfer fluid is arranged to determine the temperature at the level of the electric traction chain 400. The temperature can be determined directly, by means of a measurement of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain 400, in particular via a temperature probe immersed in the heat transfer fluid entering the traction chain 400, or indirect, for example by determining a parameter dependent on the temperature and representative of a state particular of the heat transfer fluid at the electric traction chain 400. Alternatively again, the temperature of the heat transfer fluid located at the electric traction chain 400 can be determined by an estimate from the operating parameters of the vehicle and / or operating parameter (s) of the electric traction chain 400.

Cleverly, the first heat exchanger 110 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 conforms to the second aspect of

The invention makes it possible to transfer calories between the coolant circulating in the coolant circuit 100 and a coolant circulating in the coolant circuit 200. The first heat exchanger 110 thus makes it possible to improve the cooling capacities of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 in accordance with the second aspect of the invention, and also to improve the heating or cooling capacities of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, depending on the operating mode, such as that it will be described later. By way of nonlimiting example, the first heat exchanger 110 can be of the type of a tube or plate exchanger. In general, the first heat exchanger 110 is arranged to allow local thermal interaction between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid in order to allow heat transfer between one and the other, in one direction or the other. .

The installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 may also include the refrigerant circuit 200 making it possible to cool or heat the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Alternatively, the installation 10 for thermal regulation in accordance with the second aspect of the invention is arranged to collaborate with the refrigerant circuit 200 of an installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

The refrigerant is arranged to be able to transport calories. The refrigerant comprises at least one hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCLC) and / or one hydrofluorocarbon (HLC). By way of nonlimiting examples, the refrigerating fluid may be R 134a, or 1234YL, or carbon dioxide known by the acronym R744.

The refrigerant circuit 200 is arranged to allow circulation of the refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit 200 includes a first heat exchanger 210, a second heat exchanger 220, a compressor 230, an accumulator 240, a first expansion member 251 and a second expansion member 252. These elements are connected by conduits traffic 260 rigid or flexible.

The first heat exchanger 210 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle is arranged to allow a heat transfer between the coolant and a flow of air circulating in a ventilation and / or heating unit 300 and / or air conditioning for regulating a temperature of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. More particularly, the first heat exchanger 210 is arranged to locally allow thermal interaction between the refrigerant and the air flow circulating in said housing.

-20300 ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning to allow heat transfer between one and the other. Such a thermal interaction can be obtained by locally circulating the refrigerant and the air flow in an adjacent manner. By way of nonlimiting example, the first heat exchanger 220 of the passenger compartment of the vehicle makes it possible to circulate the air flow transversely to the refrigerant fluid circulating in the first heat exchanger 210, so as to maximize the heat transfers between the refrigerant and the air flow. More particularly, the first heat exchanger 210 is configured to function as an evaporator of the refrigerant: the calories are transferred from the air flow to the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger 210 in order to evaporate said refrigerant. This heat transfer thus makes it possible to cool and dry the air flow passing through the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300.

The second heat exchanger 220 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle is arranged to allow a heat transfer between the refrigerant and the air flow circulating in the ventilation and / or heating unit 300 and / or air conditioning. The second heat exchanger 220 is comparable to the first heat exchanger 210 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Thus, by way of nonlimiting example, the second heat exchanger 220 is arranged to allow a flow of air to flow transversely to the refrigerant circulating in the second heat exchanger 220 in order to maximize the heat transfers between the refrigerant and the air flow. More particularly, the second heat exchanger 220 is configured to operate as a condenser for the refrigerant: the calories are transferred from the refrigerant to the air flow in order to cause the said refrigerant to condense. This heat transfer thus makes it possible to heat the air flow passing through the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300. The second heat exchanger 220 then behaves like a radiator providing calories to the air flow.

The compressor 230 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle is arranged to allow the refrigerant fluid circulating in the refrigerant circuit 200 to be compressed. The pressure of the refrigerant fluid circulating in the refrigerant circuit 200 is preferably less than or equal to 25 bars when the refrigerant 200 is of the R134a or 1234YF type.

The accumulator 240, known as "drying bottle", is arranged to retain a fraction of the refrigerant in the liquid state in order to prevent deterioration of the compressor 230 by refrigerant in the liquid state. The accumulator 240 thus comprises means for dehumidifying the coolant, for example by drying.

The refrigerant circuit 200 includes a first expansion member 251 and a second expansion member 252. The first and second expansion members 251, 252 are arranged to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant leaving the expansion member considered, comparatively at the pressure of the refrigerant entering the said expansion member. The first expansion member 251 is disposed between the first heat exchanger 110 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the traction chain of said vehicle and the first heat exchanger 210 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of said vehicle. The second expansion member 252 is disposed between the second heat exchanger 220 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and the first heat exchanger 110 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the traction chain of said vehicle

The ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 makes it possible to generate an air flow towards the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 comprises in particular the first heat exchanger 210 described previously, a first mixing flap 341, a second mixing flap 342, the second heat exchanger 220 described above, a electric radiator 350 and at least one air outlet 360 to the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

The outside air is thus routed from outside the vehicle through an intake opening 310 which opens onto the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300, through at least one air filter 330 making it possible to prevent unwanted particles from entering the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300. As a nonlimiting example, the air filter 330 can be of the type of a pollen filter, an active carbon filter or a polyphenol filter.

The ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 also includes a recirculated air inlet 320 making it possible to recycle air from the passenger compartment of the vehicle by circulating it again in the ventilation unit 300 and / or heating and / or air conditioning via an air recovery circuit not shown. The air

Recycled 22 which is reintroduced into the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning housing 300 advantageously passes through the air filter 330.

The first mixing flap 341 is mounted to rotate about an axis of rotation 3411 and makes it possible to orient the air circulating inside the housing 300 for ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning. The first mixing flap 341 is thus mobile between a first position allowing the passage of air through the first heat exchanger 210 and a second position preventing the passage of air through the first heat exchanger 210. The rotation the first mixing flap 341 is controlled for example by a temperature control unit in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, according to a choice of the passengers of the vehicle and / or climatic conditions, in particular the outside temperature. In particular, if the temperature outside the vehicle is below a threshold temperature, the first mixing flap 341 is configured in the second position in order to divert the air circulating in the ventilation and / or heating and / or ventilation unit 300. air conditioning to a bypass of the first heat exchanger 210. This configuration makes it possible in particular to prevent cooling of the air circulating in the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 which is already cold, and prevent the first heat exchanger 210 from icing if the outside air temperature is below the threshold temperature. For example, the threshold temperature is -3 ° C.

Likewise, the second mixing flap 342 is rotatably mounted around a rotation axis 3421 and makes it possible to orient the air circulating inside the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning box 300. The second mixing flap 342 is thus movable between a first position allowing the passage of air through the second heat exchanger 220 and a second position preventing the passage of air through the second heat exchanger 220. The rotation of the second mixing flap 342 is controlled for example by the temperature control unit in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The second mixing flap 342 can take any position between the first and the second position. When the second mixing flap 342 is configured in its second position, the air flowing in the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning box 300 is directed towards a bypass path of the second heat exchanger 220.

The electric radiator 350 makes it possible to heat the air passing through the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300. The electric heater 350 is located between the

-23second heat exchanger 220 and the air outlet. The electric radiator 350 is controlled by the vehicle interior temperature control unit.

The air outlet 360 of the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 makes it possible to orient the air flow passing through said ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 towards the vehicle interior. Advantageously, the air outlet 360 collaborates with a distribution device 600 making it possible to selectively direct the air flow towards specific zones of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

In the following paragraphs, the operation of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 in accordance with the second aspect of the invention will now be described, in particular through its collaboration with the installation 20 for the regulation temperature of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or of the refrigerant circuit 200.

The installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or the refrigerant circuit 200 makes it possible to modulate the temperature inside said passenger compartment of the vehicle, according to at least three distinct operating modes.

According to a first operating mode, the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or the coolant circuit 200 makes it possible to cool the passenger compartment of the vehicle by reducing the temperature of the air in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. According to a second operating mode, the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or the coolant circuit 200 makes it possible to heat the passenger compartment of the vehicle by increasing the temperature of the air in the passenger compartment of the vehicle when the outside air temperature is below the threshold temperature, preferably equal to -3 ° C. According to a third operating mode, the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or the coolant circuit 200 makes it possible to heat the passenger compartment of the vehicle by increasing the temperature of the air in the passenger compartment of the vehicle when the outside air temperature is between -3 ° C and 20 ° C.

When the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or the coolant circuit 200 is configured in the first operating mode, the first mixing flap 341 is configured in its first position in order to allow passage air through the first heat exchanger 210, and the second mixing flap 342 is configured in its second position to prevent the passage of air through the second heat exchanger 220, making said second heat exchanger heat

-24220 inactive on the temperature of the air flow passing through the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300. The air then flows into the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 through the bypass path of the second heat exchanger 220, without passing through the electric radiator 350, and exits in the direction of the passenger compartment of the vehicle at the air outlet 360.

The refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 200 is compressed by the compressor 230 at a pressure of, for example, between 12 and 25 bars. The refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 220 and the first heat exchanger 110 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400, where calories are transferred from the refrigerant to the heat transfer fluid. The first expansion member 251 expands the refrigerant to a pressure of about 3 bars. The refrigerant then reaches the first heat exchanger 210 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, in which the refrigerant is evaporated by capturing the calories of the air flow circulating in the ventilation box 300 and / or heating and / or air conditioning: the air circulating in the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 is thus cooled.

The heat transfer fluid circulating in the heat transfer fluid circuit 100 is set in motion in said heat transfer fluid circuit 100 by means of the pump. The heat transfer fluid passes through the first heat exchanger 110 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 in order to capture the calories of the coolant: the coolant is heated, and the coolant is cooled. The first heat exchanger 110 then behaves like a gas condenser or cooler. The heat transfer fluid is then transported to the second heat exchanger 120 in order to produce a heat transfer between the air outside the vehicle and the heat transfer fluid. In particular, the heat transfer fluid is cooled by transferring calories to the outside air via the second heat exchanger 120. The heat transfer fluid is then directed towards the pump 170 so as to be redirected towards the first heat exchanger 110.

When the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and / or the coolant circuit 200 is configured in the second operating mode, it is no longer possible to use the recirculated air from the passenger compartment of the vehicle to heat the air flow circulating in the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 without risking frosting and / or damaging the first heat exchanger 210 of the installation

-2520 for thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. In fact, the recirculated air in the vehicle interior is charged with the humidity released by users of the vehicle. There is thus a risk that the humidity of the recycled air condenses on the first heat exchanger 210 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Condensation could lead, by temperatures below or equal to -3 ° C, to solidification in the form of frost and / or ice. Icing of the first heat exchanger 210 places users of the vehicle at risk, in particular by putting the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment out of service, the users being unable to adjust the air temperature and / or dry this air.

Consequently, it is necessary to prevent the flow of moist air passing through the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning box 300 from passing through the first heat exchanger 210 of the installation 20 for thermal regulation. of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. To this end, the first mixing flap 341 is configured in its second position in order to prevent the passage of air through the first heat exchanger 210 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The air flow is forced towards the bypass of the first heat exchanger 210 before reaching the second heat exchanger 220. In this way, the first heat exchanger 210 is not brought into contact with the air circulating in the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning box 300, and it therefore cannot be affected by frost and / or frost. In this operating mode, the first heat exchanger 110 is used as a cold spot.

When the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the vehicle cabin and / or the refrigerant circuit 200 is configured in the third operating mode, the first mixing flap 341 is configured in its first position in order to allow passage air through the first heat exchanger 210 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, and the second mixing flap 342 is configured in its first position in order to allow the passage of air through the second heat exchanger 220 of said installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Depending on the operating regime of the electric traction chain 400, and more particularly on its heat dissipation, the control unit activates or deactivates the electric radiator 350.

The refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 200 is compressed by the compressor 230 at a pressure of, for example, between 10 and 15 bars. The fluid

-26 Refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 220 of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle in which the calories that it transports are transferred to the air flow circulating in the ventilation housing 300 and / or heating and / or air conditioning to warm it up. The second expansion member 252 expands the refrigerant to a pressure of about 3 bars. The refrigerant then reaches the first heat exchanger 110 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 in order to capture the calories transported by the coolant: the coolant is then cooled, while the coolant is warmed up. The first heat exchanger 110 is then used as an evaporator. The refrigerant is then transported to the first heat exchanger 210 where it captures the calories of the air passing through the ventilation and / or heating and / or air conditioning unit 300 in order to dry the air. The refrigerant is then recycled into the refrigerant circuit 200 via the accumulator 240 which dehumidifies the refrigerant on the one hand and the compressor 230 on the other.

The heat transfer fluid circulating in the heat transfer fluid circuit 100 is set in motion in said heat transfer fluid circuit 100 by means of the pump. The heat transfer fluid passes through the first heat exchanger 110 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 in order to transfer the calories which it transports to the coolant: the coolant is cooled, and the coolant is warmed . The heat transfer fluid is then transferred to the electric traction chain 400, and more particularly to the third heat exchanger 130 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of said electric traction chain 400. At the third heat exchanger 130, the fluid coolant captures the heat dissipated by the electronic and / or electrical components and / or the elements of the electric traction chain 400. As a result, the coolant is transported again to the first heat exchanger 110. In this operating mode, the first heat exchanger 110 is used as a cold spot.

Thus, when the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle is configured in its third operating mode in order to heat the air blown towards said passenger compartment, the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400 advantageously collaborates with the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle in order on the one hand to dissipate the thermal calories of said electric traction chain 400, and on the other hand to improve the efficiency of the installation 10 for regulation

-27 thermal of the passenger compartment, reducing the energy consumption of the vehicle. Thus, depending on the operating regime of the electric traction chain 400, and in particular of its electric charge, the calories dissipated by the electronic components and / or the electrical components and / or the elements of the electric traction chain 400 are more or less important and are cleverly exploited by the refrigerant circuit when it operates as a heat pump, that is to say according to the second or third operating mode. As described above, it is necessary to limit the increase in temperature of the electric traction chain 400 in order to guarantee its proper functioning. The temperature determination means 150 described above allows for this purpose to determine the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain 400.

When the electric traction chain 400 does not dissipate too many calories, the heat exchanges between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid at the level of the first heat exchanger 110 are sufficient to sufficiently cool the heat transfer fluid so that, when it again reaches the electric traction chain 400, it can again capture the calories generated by said electric traction chain 400.

When the electric traction chain 400 dissipates a greater amount of calories, the heat exchanges between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid at the level of the first heat exchanger 110 may no longer be sufficient. The heat transfer fluid can then be oriented first towards the second heat exchanger 120 located at the front face 500 in order to increase the cooling capacities of the heat transfer fluid before it again reaches the first heat exchanger 110.

According to the invention, the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the traction chain comprises a movable closure means 140 making it possible to prohibit a heat exchange between the air outside the vehicle and the heat transfer fluid at the level of the second exchanger thermal 120, the movable shutter means 140 taking the preferred form of at least one movable flap arranged to take any configuration between a closed configuration in which the air outside the vehicle does not reach the second heat exchanger 120 and a configuration open in which the air outside the vehicle reaches the second heat exchanger 120.

With reference to FIGURE 3, the process for regulating the temperature 11 of an electric traction chain 400 according to the first aspect of the invention will now be described. Such a temperature regulation method 11 comprises:

- A first step 1 of heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the coolant at the first heat exchanger 110 of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the electric traction chain 400;

- a second step 2 comprising the determination of a temperature of the heat transfer fluid, determined at the level of the electric traction chain 400;

- a comparison step 3 of the determined temperature:

o if the determined temperature is greater than a first threshold temperature 4b, then the heat transfer fluid is cooled by the air outside the vehicle and passing through the second heat exchanger 120;

o if the determined temperature is lower than the first threshold temperature 4a, the mobile shutter means 140 adopts a closed configuration, thus preventing heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the air outside the vehicle at the second heat exchanger 120 ;

- a third heat exchange step 6 between the heat transfer fluid and the electric traction chain 400 of the vehicle using a third heat exchanger 130.

The first threshold temperature is advantageously between 40 and 60 ° C, preferably equal to 50 ° C.

Advantageously, if the determined temperature is greater than the first threshold temperature 4b, then the heat transfer fluid is cooled by the air outside the vehicle and passing through the second heat exchanger 120 as long as said determined temperature is greater than a second threshold temperature. This condition is verified during another comparison step 5 of the determined temperature. The second threshold temperature is advantageously lower than the first threshold temperature in order to generate a hysteresis cycle in the process of regulating the temperature of the electric traction chain 400. Advantageously, the second threshold temperature is between 25 ° C and 30 ° C, preferably equal to 30 ° C.

The method for regulating the temperature of the electric traction chain 400 preferably comprises a step of opening or closing the movable shutter means 140 making it possible to circulate or block the air outside the vehicle through the face. before 500 of said vehicle.

Cleverly, the method of regulating the temperature of the electric traction chain 400 in accordance with the first aspect of the invention is implemented by the control unit of the installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the traction chain electric 400 according to the second aspect of the invention, and more particularly as a function of the speed of the vehicle: if the speed of the vehicle is less than or equal to a threshold speed, then the mobile shutter means 140 mobile is closed; if the vehicle speed is higher than the threshold speed, then the mobile shutter means 140 mobile 140 is open.

The invention thus makes it possible to optimize the coefficient of penetration into the air of the vehicle by cleverly controlling the opening and closing of the mobile shutter means 140 mobile 140 as a function of the speed of the vehicle. Subsequently, the optimized control of the movable shutter means 140 of the front face 500 of the vehicle makes it possible to reduce the electrical consumption of the installation 20 for the thermal regulation of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

In summary, the invention relates in particular to a method and an installation 10 for the thermal regulation of the traction chain of a vehicle by means of the mobile shutter means 140 which is configured in its open or closed configuration depending the operating speed of the traction chain. This clever configuration, which depends on the operating speed of the vehicle, allows on the one hand to optimize the cooling of the electric traction chain 400 by the heat transfer fluid and, on the other hand, to reduce the electric consumption of the installation for regulating the temperature of the passenger compartment of the vehicle by means of heat transfers between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid making it possible to generate a flow of hot or cold air in the passenger compartment. Depending on the cooling requirements of the electric traction chain, the heat transfer fluid is first cooled by a heat transfer with the air outside the vehicle via the second heat exchanger, if the temperature of the traction chain is higher than a first threshold temperature.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described and numerous modifications can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of

-30invention. In particular, the different characteristics, forms, variants and embodiments of the invention can be associated with each other in various combinations as long as they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, all the variants and embodiments described above can be combined with one another.

Claims (10)

Claims 1. Method for regulating (11) the temperature of an electric traction chain (400) of a vehicle, said regulating method comprising the following steps: - A first step (1) of heat exchange between a heat transfer fluid and a coolant of a coolant circuit (200) of the vehicle using a first heat exchanger (110); - a second step comprising the determination (2) of a temperature (T) of the heat transfer fluid, determined at the level of the electric traction chain (400) and a comparison (3) of the determined temperature (T) with a first temperature threshold (Tseuill): o if (4b) the determined temperature (T) is higher than the first threshold temperature (Tseurll), then the heat transfer fluid is cooled by air outside the vehicle and passing through a second heat exchanger (120) disposed at one side front (500) of the vehicle; o if (4a) the determined temperature (T) is lower than the first threshold temperature (Tseuill), then a heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the air outside the vehicle is prohibited at the second heat exchanger (120); - A third step (6) of heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the electric traction chain (400) of the vehicle using a third heat exchanger (130). 2. A regulation method (11) according to the preceding claim, in which, if the determined temperature is higher than the first threshold temperature (Tseuill), then the second step comprises a step of opening a movable shutter means ( 140) making it possible to circulate the air outside the vehicle through the front face (500) of said vehicle. 3. A method of regulation (11) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein an opening angle of the movable shutter means (140) depends on a speed of the vehicle. 4. A regulation method (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which, if the determined temperature is higher than the first threshold temperature (Tseuill), then (5) the heat transfer fluid is cooled by the air outside the vehicle in Passing through the second heat exchanger (120) as long as said determined temperature is greater than a second threshold temperature (Tseuil2). 5. Installation (10) for the thermal regulation of an electric traction chain (400) of a vehicle, said installation (10) comprising means arranged to implement the steps of the regulation process (11) according to any of the preceding claims. 6. Installation (10) for thermal regulation according to the preceding claim, installation comprising: - a refrigerant circuit (200) for cooling or heating a passenger compartment of the vehicle; - a heat transfer fluid circuit (100) for dissipating calories produced by the electric traction chain (400) of the vehicle; - a first heat exchanger (110) between the refrigerant and the heat transfer fluid; - a second heat exchanger (120) located at a front face (500) of the vehicle; - a third heat exchanger (130) between the heat transfer fluid and the electric traction chain (400); - A mobile shutter means (140) arranged to be able to prohibit a heat exchange between the air outside the vehicle and the heat transfer fluid at the second heat exchanger (120); - A means of determining a temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the temperature being determined at the level of the electric traction chain (400). 7. Installation (10) for thermal regulation according to the preceding claim, wherein the movable closure means (140) is located between the front face (500) of the vehicle and the second heat exchanger (120). 8. Installation (10) for thermal regulation according to any one of claims 6 or 7, wherein the means for determining the temperature (150) of the heat transfer fluid at the level of the electric traction chain (400) comprises at least a temperature probe. -339. Installation (10) for thermal regulation according to any one of the claims 6 to 8, in which the mobile shutter means (140) comprises at least one movable flap arranged to take any configuration between a closed configuration in which the air outside the vehicle does not reach the second heat exchanger (120) 5 and an open configuration in which the air outside the vehicle reaches the second heat exchanger (120). 10. Installation (10) for thermal regulation according to any one of the claims 6 to 9, in which the heat transfer fluid circuit (100) comprises: - A first conduit (101) arranged to put the first exchanger into communication 10 heat (110) and the third heat exchanger (130) while bypassing the second heat exchanger (120); - a second conduit (102) arranged to communicate the first heat exchanger (110), the second heat exchanger (120) and the third heat exchanger (130); 15 - at least one valve (190a, 190b) for alternately directing the heat transfer fluid to the first conduit (101) or the second conduit (102). 190a 160 170a