FR3030428A1 - CRADLE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cradle (1a, 1b) of a motor vehicle comprising in a rear part (B) at least one connecting element (2a, 2b, 2c) capable of connecting said cradle (1a, 1b) to a structure of said vehicle, said at least one connecting element being partially comprised in a horizontal plane (P) and comprising at least two attachment points (15a, 15b, 15c, 16a, 16b, 16c) with the body structure, said at least two attachment points (15a, 15b, 15c, 16a, 16b, 16c) being respectively located on a first end (22a, 22b, 22c) and on a second end (23a, 23b, 23c) separate from the first end (22a, 22b, 22c) of said element (2a, 2b, 2c).

Description

The present invention relates to a cradle of a motor vehicle that can be connected to a body structure of said vehicle.

The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising such a cradle. In the context of passive safety, which concerns all the means and actions implemented to reduce the consequences of an accident, car manufacturers have to deal with concerns relating to the protection of the occupants of the vehicle during an accident. shock in particular a frontal impact, the control of the costs of repairing the vehicle during such a shock, and finally the limitation of the aggressiveness of the vehicle vis-à-vis other road users and especially pedestrians so reduce the risk of serious injury. For this purpose, the front of a motor vehicle comprises a structure comprising a lower portion commonly called "low front channel" which has an important function in the context of the damping and the dissipation of energy generated by a shock . This low path is provided with a cradle otherwise called "front cradle" which plays an essential role in this low path in the case of such a shock. This cradle is able to support the front suspension of the vehicle and comprises two elongated parts, also called longitudinal members, extending towards the front of the vehicle and of substantially horizontal general direction whose front ends can be connected to a low beam of transverse shocks, and the rear ends to the body structure of the vehicle. These cradle rails play the role of shock absorption beams as elements for transmitting the forces of shock.

However, in this context, the cradles of the prior art are unsatisfactory regarding the concerns mentioned above especially when they are implemented in small vehicles for which a passage of effort by the vaginal way during a impact is greater than on other vehicles because of a very small overhang of this type of vehicle. It should be noted that small vehicles mean vehicles belonging to Europe in the "BO" segment (micro-urban) and / or segment "A" or "B-1" (mini-city cars). The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages related to the cradles of the state of the art. Advantageously, the invention proposes a cradle having a high level of energy absorption, as well as a minimum level of penetration that makes it possible to be compatible with deformations of the longitudinal members of the body structure during an impact. In particular, the cradle comprises at least one connecting element connecting it to the body structure which has a maximum level of effort 20 not to deform the cabin of the vehicle, including the floor and / or the deck. For this purpose, the invention relates to a cradle of a motor vehicle comprising in a rear part at least one connecting element capable of connecting said cradle to a body structure of said vehicle, said at least one connecting element being partially included. in a horizontal plane and comprising at least two attachment points with the body structure, said at least two attachment points being located respectively on a first end and a second end distinct from the first end of said element.

In other embodiments: said at least one connecting element has a curved elongated shape, in particular a boomerang shape; said at least one connecting element comprises substantially planar upper and lower faces; said at least one connecting element comprises at least one connecting zone which is situated on a lower face or an upper face of the connecting element; - The cradle comprises two connecting elements each connected to one end of each spar of the cradle; each connecting element is formed by first and second parts interconnected by a third part comprising a connection zone; each connecting element has a local decrease in its width for a third part comprising a connection zone; - The cradle comprises a single connecting element connected to the ends of two longitudinal members of the cradle; at least one connecting element is formed of a single part comprising two connecting zones, and each connecting element is a metal plate. The invention also relates to a particularly small vehicle including such a cradle.

Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the description of two preferred embodiments which will follow, with reference to the figures, made by way of indicative and nonlimiting example: FIG. view of a cradle comprising a connecting element according to the first embodiment of the invention; FIG. 1B represents a view of a cradle comprising first and second connecting elements according to the second embodiment of the invention; FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D show different views of the cradle without the connecting element according to the first embodiment of the invention; FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D represent different views of the cradle without the first and second connecting elements according to the second embodiment of the invention; Figures 4A and 4B are views of the cradle connecting member according to the first embodiment; FIGS. 5A and 5B are views of the first connecting element of the cradle according to the second embodiment; FIGS. 6 and 7 are different views of the cradle after an impact, according to the second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 8 is a view of a rear end of a cradle spar comprising the first connecting element. deformed after an impact, according to the second embodiment of the invention.

The description is made with reference to an orthonormal reference system (X, Y, Z) conventionally associated with a motor vehicle, in which X is the longitudinal direction of the rear-front of the vehicle directed towards the front, Y is the left-right transverse direction. which is horizontal and perpendicular to X, directed to the right, and Z is the vertical direction directed upwards. The terms "front" and "rear" are indicated with reference to the longitudinal front-rear orientation of the vehicle and the lateral term characterizes for example an element disposed near one of the sides, right or left, of the vehicle.

FIGS. 1A and 1B show two embodiments of a cradle 1a, 1b intended to be mounted on a body structure (not shown) of a motor vehicle, preferably a small vehicle, that is to say say a vehicle of the micro-urban and / or minicitadine type.

This body structure comprises in a front part of the vehicle two parallel longitudinal members (not shown), bent upwards near the separation of the passenger compartment from the front part of the vehicle and extending substantially horizontally in the front part with front ends raised to support the fasteners of a power train. From the cubits, the longitudinal members extend longitudinally under the carcass of the passenger compartment of the vehicle towards a rear part of the vehicle. On each of these longitudinal members, at a level near their front end, is fixed directly or via a vertical leg a front portion A of the cradle 1a, lb. On the body structure at the lower level of each of the cubits, close to each of them, is connected the rear side B side of the cradle, lb.

The cradle 1a, 1b shown for these two embodiments in Figures 1A and 1B may be steel and / or aluminum. This cradle 1a, lb is able to support a powertrain suspension elements for the front wheels of the vehicle and / or an anti-roll bar.

The cradle 1a, lb comprises in these two embodiments two longitudinal members 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b each having front and rear ends. These longitudinal members 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b may each be formed by a hollow longitudinal body of steel or aluminum. The longitudinal members 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b are interconnected at the front A of the cradle 1a, 1b by a cross member 5a, 5b. It will be noted that this crossbar 5a, 5b connects the longitudinal members 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b to each other about one-third of their length from their front ends. These longitudinal members 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b may comprise in the rear portion B of the cradle 1a, lb ribs or local embossed to initiate and / or direct their deformation during an impact.

In FIGS. 2D and 3D, the cradle 1a, 1b comprises in the lateral portions at the front part A, connection points 9a, 9b, 11a, 11b of wheel support arms and suspension elements (not shown). . More specifically, the cradle 1a, lb comprises in each side portion before the front connection points 11a, 11b and rear 9a, 9b defined in each spar 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b. The cradle 1a, lb also comprises in the front portion A two fastening elements 6a, 6b visible in Figures 1A, 1B, 2A to 2D and 3A to 3D. These fastening elements 6a, 6b extend vertically upwards in the direction Z and are fixed on the cradle 1a, 1b on both the longitudinal members 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b and the cross member 5a, 5b. These fastening elements 6a, 6b comprise a connection zone 8a, 8b which makes it possible to fix the front portion A of the cradle 1a, 1b on the body structure of the vehicle, in particular on longitudinal members of this structure. In Figures 1A, 1B, the cradle 1a, lb comprises a rear portion B which is also attached to the body structure of the vehicle from at least one connecting member 2a, 2b, 2c. In FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5A, 5B, each connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c may be a one-piece piece such as for example a metal plate, which comprises a first end 22a, 22b, 22c and a second end 23a, 23b, 23c . It will be noted that the connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c can be configured according to the energy level resulting from an impact which it is called to absorb by the definition of a given thickness of this connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c and / or a shade of material used. In FIGS. 1A, 1B, 4A, 4B, 5A and 5B, each connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c comprises on both ends 22a, 22b, 22c, 23a, 23b, 23c an attachment point 15a, 15b, 15c , 16a, 16b, 16c of the cradle 1a, 1b to the body structure. This fixing point 15a, 15b, 15c, 16a, 16b, 16c of the cradle 1a, 1b to the body structure may correspond, for example, to a hole which is formed in the body of each connecting element 2a, 2b, 10c and which is adapted to receive a fixing screw. In FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5A, 5B, the connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c comprises two faces 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b that are substantially plane and parallel to each other: an upper face 10a, 10b and a lower face 12a, 12b. Each of these upper and lower faces 10a, 10b, 12a, 12b may comprise at least one connecting zone 18a, 18b, 18c which is capable of being fixed to a connecting component 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b of the cradle 1a. , lb located on the rear ends of the longitudinal members 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b of the cradle 1a, 1b, visible in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2A to 2D and 3A to 3D. The fixing of each connecting zone 18a, 18b, 18c to the corresponding connecting component 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b can be achieved by welding, screwing or riveting. Each connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c is in a horizontal plane 25P, at least partially, and has a curved elongate shape, in particular a shape substantially similar to that of a boomerang. More specifically, it will be noted that the connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c is curved in a concave shape directed longitudinally towards the front of the vehicle when the connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c is fixed to the cradle 1a, 1b and the latter mounted on the body structure.

The first embodiment of the cradle 1a illustrated in Figure 1A comprises a single connecting element 2a. In FIGS. 4A and 4B, this connecting element 2a has on its upper face 10a two connecting zones 18a, 18b. These two connecting zones 18a, 18b are able to be fixed to the two connecting components 13a, 14a of the cradle 1a, situated on the rear ends of the longitudinal members 3a, 4a of the cradle 1c visible in FIGS. 1A, 2A to 2D. This connecting element 2a comprises two fixing points 15a, 16a located on its two ends 22a, 23a. Each attachment point 15a, 16a is located between a lateral portion of the vehicle and a longitudinal axis C3, C4 of the spar 3a, 4a, the closest to this side portion. In FIGS. 4A and 4B, the connecting member 2a has: a length L1 which is between about 70 and 100 cm, and is preferably 90 cm; a width L 2 which is between about 5 and 20 cm, and is preferably 10 cm, and a thickness of between about 20 and 60 mm, and is preferably 40 mm. The length L1 and the width L2 can be configured as well as the thickness of this connecting element 2a in order to define the behavior of the cradle 1a for shocks of different intensities, thus guiding the deformation of this cradle 1a. The second embodiment of the cradle 1b illustrated in FIG. 1B comprises a pair of connecting elements 2b, 2c: a first connecting element 2b and a second connecting element 2c. Each of these two connecting elements 2b, 2c comprises three parts 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e, 17f: first and second parts 17a, 17e, 17b, 17d, interconnected by a third portion 17c, 17f. Each of the first and second connecting elements 2b, 2c comprises on its lower face 12b the connecting zone 18c located on the third portion 17c, 17f. This connecting zone 18b, 18c is adapted to cooperate with the connecting component 13b, 14b of the cradle 1b located on the rear end of each longitudinal member 3b, 4b of the cradle 1b, visible in FIGS. 1A, 3A to 3D. The first and second connecting elements 2b, 2c each comprise two fixing points 15b, 15c, 16b, 16c located on the two ends 22b, 22c, 23b, 23c, more precisely on the free end 22b, 22c, 23b, 23c first and second portions 17a, 17b, 17d, 17e. These two attachment points 15b, 16b, 15c, 16c of each first and second connecting elements 2b, 2c are located on either side of a longitudinal axis C3, C4 of each longitudinal member 3b, 4b of the cradle 1b. More precisely for each first and second connecting element 2b, 2c: the fixing point 15b, 16c included on the first part 17a, 17e is situated between the lateral part of the vehicle and the longitudinal axis C3, C4 of the spar 3b, 4b, the closest to this lateral part, and - the attachment point 16b, 15c included on the second part 17b, 17d is located between the longitudinal axes C3, C4 of the longitudinal members 3b, 4b.

Each connecting element 2b, 2c of the second embodiment of the cradle 1b has a width L1 which has a local decrease for the third portion 17c, 17f comprising the connecting zone 18b, 18c. It will be noted that the behavior of the cradle 1b can be defined for shocks of different intensities by modifying the shape of this local reduction. In FIGS. 5A and 5B for each first and second connecting member 2b, 2c, the first portion 17a, 17e has a length L3 which is greater than the length L4 of the second portion 17b, 17d. Alternatively, the length L3 of the first portion 17a, 17e may be less than the length L4 of the second portion 17b, 17d or even equal thereto. Such a configuration of the lengths L3, L4 but also of the thickness and the width L5 of the first and second connecting elements 2b, 2c makes it possible to define the behavior of the cradle 1b for shocks of different intensities, thus guiding the deformation of the latter starting from the first and second connecting elements 2b, 2c. In the second embodiment of the cradle 1b, the first and second connecting elements 2b, 2c are substantially similar in size, but may alternatively have lengths L3, L4 and widths L5 which are different. In this second embodiment, each of the first and second link members 2a, 2b has a length L3 of between about 5 and 20 cm, and is preferably 15 cm; a length L4 which is between approximately 5 and 20 cm, and is preferably 10 cm; A width L5 which is between about 3 and 10 cm, and is preferably 5 cm, and a thickness of between about 20 and 50 mm, and is preferably 35 mm. It should be noted that the second embodiment of the cradle 1b, including such connecting elements 2b, 2c does not require any particular modification in the arrangement of the devices and / or systems included in the engine compartment of the vehicle, for example the cradle 1b does not hinder the passage of engine cooling pipes which passes close to the rear portion B of the latter.

In both embodiments of the cradle 1a, 1b, each connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c is able to participate in the damping of a particularly frontal impact occurring at the front of the vehicle by contributing, in particular by its deformations, the absorption and dissipation of energy generated by this shock. In FIGS. 6 to 8, such deformations are visible for the second embodiment of the cradle 1b. More specifically, the cradle lb has significant deformations in the rear part lo B, in particular deformations of each of the first and second connecting elements 2b, 2c and each spar 4a, 4b. Indeed under the action of the shock, the cradle 1b makes a longitudinal displacement from the front to the rear of the vehicle in the direction of the arrow 19 19 visible in Figure 4. This displacement of the cradle results in particular from the deformation each connecting element 2b, 2c and more precisely the rotation of each of the first and second parts 17a, 17b, 17d, 17e of the connecting element 2b, 2c around a vertical axis D passing through the fixing points 15b, 15c, 16b, 16c. This rotation of 20 each of the first and second parts 17a, 17b, 17d, 17e is performed in the direction defined by the arrows visible in Figures 4 to 6 and in the horizontal plane P. After the rotation of each of the first and second parts 17a, 17b, 17d, 17e, the deformation of the cradle continues in the rear part B by the deformation of the longitudinal members 3b, 4b. This deformation of the longitudinal members 3b, 4b is carried out in the horizontal plane P and in the space defined between the longitudinal axes C3, C4 of these longitudinal members. Thus, in both embodiments of the cradle 1a, 1b, each connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c allows a progressive deformation and a limitation of the inflow of forces resulting from the impact in the body structure. In addition, each connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c contributes to deforming the cradle 1a, 1b which is controlled in the horizontal plane P.

It is therefore understood that the cradle 1a, lb and allows the front portion of the vehicle can dampen a shock of high intensity without causing deformation of the passenger compartment to ensure the safety of passengers.

In addition, thus being able to configure at least one length Li, L3, L4, the thickness and / or the width L2, L5 of at least one connecting element 2a, 2b, 2c, it is then possible to predict, and if necessary to adapt, the behavior of the cradle la, lb and therefore the front of the vehicle for shocks of different intensities. In addition it will be noted that such a cradle 1 a, lb is inexpensive, both in original equipment and in case of rehabilitation after accident. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been explicitly described, but includes the various variants and generalizations thereof within the scope of the claims below.

Claims (11)

REVENDICATIONS1. Cradle (1a, 1b) of a motor vehicle comprising in a rear part (B) at least one connecting element (2a, 2b, 2c) capable of connecting said cradle (1a, 1b) to a body structure of said vehicle said at least one connecting element being partially in a horizontal plane (P) and comprising at least two attachment points (15a, 15b, 15c, 16a, 16b, 16c) with the body structure, said at least two points fastening means (15a, 15b, 15c, 16a, 16b, 16c) being respectively located on a first end (22a, 22b, 22c) and on a second end (23a, 23b, 23c) distinct from the first end (22a, 22b). , 22c) of said element (2a, 2b, 2c). 2. Cradle (1a, 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one connecting element (2a, 2b, 2c) has a curved elongate shape, in particular a boomerang shape. 3. Cradle (1a, 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one connecting element (2a, 2b, 2c) comprises upper and lower faces (10a, 10b, 10c, 12a). , 12b) substantially planar. 4. Cradle (1a, 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one connecting element (2a, 2b, 2c) comprises at least one connecting zone (18a, 18b, 18c) which is located on a lower face (12a, 12b) or an upper face (10a, 10b, 10c) of the connecting element (2a, 2b, 2c). 5. cradle (1a, 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two connecting elements (2b, 2c) each connected to one end of each spar (3b, 4b) of the cradle ( 1 b). 6. Cradle (1a, 1b) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that each connecting element (2b, 2c) is formed by first and second parts (17a, 17d, 17b, 17e) interconnected by a third part (17c, 17f) comprising a connection zone (18c). 7. Cradle (1a, 1b) according to any one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that each connecting element (2b, 2c) has a local decrease in width (L5) for a third part (17c 17f) comprising a connection zone (18c). 8. Cradle (1a, 1b) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a single connecting element (2a) connected to the ends of two longitudinal members (3a, 4a) of the cradle (1A). 9. Cradle (1a, 1b) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one connecting element (2a) is formed of a single portion comprising two connecting zones (18a, 18b). 10. Cradle (1a, 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each connecting element (2a, 2b, 2c) is a metal plate. 25 11. Particularly small vehicle comprising a cradle (1a, 1b) according to any one of the preceding claims.