FR2968475A1 - Method for overheat protection of electrical connection socket for connecting e.g. electric vehicle, to electricity distribution network, involves cutting passage of electricity into socket according to overheating state of socket - Google Patents
Method for overheat protection of electrical connection socket for connecting e.g. electric vehicle, to electricity distribution network, involves cutting passage of electricity into socket according to overheating state of socket Download PDFInfo
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- FR2968475A1 FR2968475A1 FR1060098A FR1060098A FR2968475A1 FR 2968475 A1 FR2968475 A1 FR 2968475A1 FR 1060098 A FR1060098 A FR 1060098A FR 1060098 A FR1060098 A FR 1060098A FR 2968475 A1 FR2968475 A1 FR 2968475A1
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- Prior art keywords
- connection socket
- electricity
- electrical
- electrical connection
- socket
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
- H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/10—Air crafts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/32—Waterborne vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/36—Vehicles designed to transport cargo, e.g. trucks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
PROTECTION D'UNE PRISE ELECTRIQUE CONTRE LA TEMPERATURE La présente invention concerne de manière générale la sécurité des utilisateurs de véhicules électriques dont la charge se fait par connexion au réseau électrique. Il est connu dans l'art antérieur des dispositifs visant à protéger les prises électriques contre une éventuelle surchauffe qui peut provoquer des brûlures à un utilisateur manipulant de telles prises ou des incendies si la surchauffe est trop importante. Le document DE3331847 présente une prise électrique qui est équipée d'un bilame coupant le circuit si la prise s'échauffe. En contrepartie, ce système présente notamment l'inconvénient de devoir être dimensionné en fonction de la puissance du courant traversant le bilame. En effet, en cas de forte puissance et lorsque le bilame est faiblement écarté, des arcs électriques peuvent se produire et cela entraîne une usure prématurée des contacts. A l'extrême, si les courants sont trop importants, le bilame peut même être soudé par les arcs électriques, le rendant inopérant et compromettant ainsi la sécurité d'utilisation de la prise. Le bilame doit donc être dimensionné en conséquence et pour les fortes puissances, l'encombrement du système est augmenté, ainsi que son coût. Par ailleurs, cette solution est inadaptée à partir d'un certain seuil de puissance. The present invention relates generally to the safety of the users of electric vehicles whose charging is done by connection to the electrical network. It is known in the prior art devices to protect electrical outlets against possible overheating that can cause burns to a user handling such outlets or fires if overheating is too important. DE3331847 discloses an electrical outlet which is equipped with a bimetallic strip cutting off the circuit if the plug becomes heated. In return, this system has the particular disadvantage of having to be sized according to the power of the current flowing through the bimetal. Indeed, in case of high power and when the bimetal is slightly separated, electric arcs can occur and this leads to premature wear of the contacts. At the extreme, if the currents are too large, the bimetallic strip can even be welded by the electric arcs, rendering it inoperative and thus compromising the safety of use of the socket. The bimetallic strip must therefore be dimensioned accordingly and for the high powers, the size of the system is increased, as well as its cost. Moreover, this solution is unsuitable from a certain power threshold.
Un but de la présente invention est de répondre aux inconvénients du document de l'art antérieur mentionné ci-dessus et en particulier, tout d'abord, de proposer un système et un procédé de protection des prises de connexion contre les surchauffes, simple, fiable, économique, ne gênant pas l'utilisateur et adapté à la puissance du courant traversant la prise électrique. An object of the present invention is to meet the drawbacks of the document of the prior art mentioned above and in particular, first of all, to propose a system and a method for protecting connection plugs against overheating, simple, reliable, economical, not annoying the user and adapted to the power of the current through the electrical outlet.
Pour cela un premier aspect de l'invention concerne un procédé de protection contre une surchauffe d'une prise de connexion électrique, la prise For this, a first aspect of the invention relates to a method of protecting against overheating of an electrical connection socket, the taking
de connexion électrique connectant un appareil électrique à un réseau de distribution de l'électricité, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes : (i) mesure d'une grandeur représentative de la température de la prise de connexion électrique connectée sur le réseau électrique ; (ii) transmission de la mesure de la grandeur représentative à l'appareil électrique ; (iii) détermination par l'appareil électrique d'un état de surchauffe en comparant la mesure de la grandeur représentative avec un seuil de surchauffe ; (iv) limitation ou coupure par l'appareil électrique du passage de l'électricité du réseau de distribution dans la prise électrique en fonction du résultat de l'étape de détermination de l'état de surchauffe (iii). Ce procédé selon l'invention met en oeuvre deux dispositifs complémentaires nécessaires à l'obtention de la mise en sécurité de la prise pour l'utilisateur : d'une part, la prise où se fait la mesure de la température et d'autre part, l'appareil électrique connecté au réseau où se fait l'étape de limitation ou coupure du courant si nécessaire. La prise selon l'invention comprend les moyens de mesure de la température (ou d'une grandeur représentative), mais ne comprend pas les moyens de régulation ou de commutation. Sa conception reste donc simple et compacte, ce qui permet à l'utilisateur d'utiliser et de manipuler facilement cette prise. Par ailleurs, au lieu de prévoir un système spécifique pour analyser la mesure de température ou de la grandeur représentative, cette mesure est transmise au consommateur de l'électricité, c'est-à-dire à l'appareil connecté au réseau de distribution de l'électricité qui comporte déjà des moyens de régulation ou limitation. L'analyse de l'état de surchauffe et la limitation de la consommation de courant se fait donc directement au niveau de l'appareil électrique. En résumé, l'invention propose une synergie entre la prise de connexion et l'appareil relié au réseau par l'intermédiaire de la prise car à partir d'une simple mesure de la température effectuée au niveau de la prise, le passage de l'électricité peut être modulé en conséquence par l'appareil consommateur du courant. Le système global mettant en oeuvre le procédé electrical connection connecting an electrical apparatus to an electricity distribution network, the method comprising the steps of: (i) measuring a magnitude representative of the temperature of the electrical connection socket connected to the electrical network; (ii) transmitting the measurement of the representative magnitude to the electrical apparatus; (iii) determining by the electrical apparatus of an overheating state by comparing the measurement of the representative quantity with an overheating threshold; (iv) limitation or interruption by the electrical apparatus of the passage of electricity from the distribution network into the electrical outlet according to the result of the step of determining the state of overheating (iii). This method according to the invention implements two complementary devices necessary to obtain the safety setting for the user: on the one hand, the socket where the temperature is measured and on the other hand , the electrical device connected to the network where the step of limiting or breaking the current is made if necessary. The plug according to the invention comprises the means for measuring the temperature (or a representative quantity), but does not include the regulation or switching means. Its design is therefore simple and compact, which allows the user to use and manipulate this plug easily. Moreover, instead of providing a specific system for analyzing the temperature measurement or the representative quantity, this measurement is transmitted to the electricity consumer, that is to say to the device connected to the distribution network. electricity which already comprises means of regulation or limitation. The analysis of the state of overheating and the limitation of the power consumption is therefore done directly at the level of the electrical apparatus. In summary, the invention proposes a synergy between the connection socket and the device connected to the network via the socket because from a simple measurement of the temperature performed at the outlet, the passage of the electricity can be modulated accordingly by the current consuming device. The overall system implementing the method
selon l'invention est simplifié car entre la prise et l'appareil électrique, il n'y a qu'un seul organe de régulation du passage du courant électrique. Avantageusement, l'étape (iv) limite ou coupe le courant rechargeant une batterie de l'appareil électrique. L'invention est particulièrement adaptée aux appareils comportant une batterie rechargeable car la recharge se fait généralement sans surveillance et sa durée importante peut occasionner des échauffements si les connecteurs sont sales, oxydés ou présentent des surfaces de contact insuffisantes. Par ailleurs, ces appareils comportent des moyens de régulation (limitation ou coupure) avec le réseau de distribution pour protéger leurs circuits des surtensions et l'invention utilise avantageusement ce dispositif déjà présent. Un deuxième aspect de l'invention concerne une prise de connexion électrique apte à connecter un appareil électrique à un réseau de distribution de l'électricité, comprenant des moyens de mesure d'une grandeur représentative de la température de la prise de connexion électrique, caractérisée en ce que la prise de connexion électrique comprend aussi des moyens de transmission de la mesure de la grandeur représentative à l'appareil électrique connecté au réseau de distribution de l'électricité. La prise selon l'invention comprend les moyens de mesure de la température (ou d'une grandeur représentative), mais pas les moyens de régulation (limitation) ou de commutation (coupure). La conception reste donc simple et compacte, ce qui permet à l'utilisateur de manipuler facilement cette prise. Par ailleurs, au lieu de prévoir un système spécifique pour analyser la mesure de température, cette mesure est transmise au consommateur de l'électricité, c'est-à-dire à l'appareil connecté au réseau de distribution de l'électricité. De manière avantageuse, les moyens de mesure de la grandeur représentative de la température de la prise de connexion électrique comportent un bilame. Un bilame présente une grande compacité alliée à une robustesse éprouvée. La mesure de la température, incluant ce bilame est fiable car dans un circuit de mesure, les puissances sont faibles. Cette according to the invention is simplified because between the plug and the electrical device, there is only one regulating organ of the passage of the electric current. Advantageously, the step (iv) limits or cuts the current recharging a battery of the electrical apparatus. The invention is particularly suitable for devices comprising a rechargeable battery because charging is generally unattended and its long duration can lead to overheating if the connectors are dirty, oxidized or have insufficient contact surfaces. In addition, these devices comprise means of regulation (limitation or cut-off) with the distribution network to protect their circuits against overvoltages and the invention advantageously uses this device already present. A second aspect of the invention relates to an electrical connection socket suitable for connecting an electrical appliance to an electricity distribution network, comprising means for measuring a magnitude representative of the temperature of the electrical connection socket, characterized in that the electrical connection socket also comprises means for transmitting the measurement of the magnitude representative to the electrical apparatus connected to the electricity distribution network. The socket according to the invention comprises the means for measuring the temperature (or a representative quantity), but not the regulating means (limitation) or switching (cutting). The design remains simple and compact, which allows the user to easily manipulate this decision. Moreover, instead of providing a specific system for analyzing the temperature measurement, this measurement is transmitted to the consumer of electricity, that is to say to the device connected to the electricity distribution network. Advantageously, the means for measuring the magnitude representative of the temperature of the electrical connection socket comprise a bimetallic strip. A bimetallic strip has a great compactness combined with a proven robustness. The measurement of the temperature, including this bimetal is reliable because in a measuring circuit, the powers are weak. This
mise en oeuvre selon l'invention est par ailleurs économique et permet de garder la prise compacte et légère. En alternative de ce premier mode de réalisation, les moyens de mesure de la grandeur représentative de la température de la prise de connexion électrique comportent une thermistance. Ce composant permet d'obtenir une mesure analogique de la température, de sorte que le système peut fournir plusieurs réponses en fonction de la mesure. Ainsi, s'il est détecté que la température mesurée de la prise dépasse un seuil susceptible de brûler l'utilisateur, le système, en plus de couper le courant, pourra avertir l'utilisateur de ne pas toucher la prise. Par contre, si la température mesurée dépasse un deuxième seuil susceptible de provoquer un incendie, le système pourra en plus de couper le courant, émettre des signaux d'alarme pour avertir du danger. En complément de ce deuxième aspect, un troisième aspect de l'invention concerne un appareil électrique apte à être connecté à un réseau de distribution de l'électricité par l'intermédiaire d'une prise de connexion électrique et comportant des moyens de limitation ou de coupure du passage de l'électricité fournie par le réseau de distribution, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens de détermination d'un état de surchauffe de la prise de connexion comparant la mesure transmise par la prise de connexion d'une grandeur représentative de la température de la prise de connexion avec au moins un seuil de surchauffe et en ce que les moyens de limitation ou de coupure du passage de l'électricité sont aptes à limiter ou couper le passage de l'électricité en fonction de l'état de surchauffe de la prise de connexion électrique. La régulation de la consommation de courant (par limitation ou coupure du passage du courant) se fait directement au niveau de l'appareil électrique. L'invention propose une synergie entre la prise de connexion et l'appareil relié au réseau par son intermédiaire car à partir d'une simple mesure de la température effectuée au niveau de la prise, le passage de l'électricité peut être modulé en conséquence. Le système global est simplifié car entre la prise et l'appareil électrique, il n'y a qu'un seul implementation according to the invention is also economical and keeps the plug compact and lightweight. As an alternative to this first embodiment, the means for measuring the magnitude representative of the temperature of the electrical connection socket comprise a thermistor. This component provides an analog temperature measurement, so the system can provide multiple responses depending on the measurement. Thus, if it is detected that the measured temperature of the socket exceeds a threshold likely to burn the user, the system, in addition to turning off the power, may warn the user not to touch the socket. On the other hand, if the measured temperature exceeds a second threshold likely to cause a fire, the system can in addition to cut off the current, emit alarm signals to warn of the danger. In addition to this second aspect, a third aspect of the invention relates to an electrical apparatus adapted to be connected to an electricity distribution network via an electrical connection socket and having means for limiting or cut-off of the passage of electricity supplied by the distribution network, characterized in that it furthermore comprises means for determining an overheating state of the connection socket comparing the measurement transmitted by the connection socket of a magnitude representative of the temperature of the connection socket with at least one threshold of overheating and in that the means for limiting or cutting the passage of electricity are able to limit or cut the passage of electricity depending on the overheating condition of the electrical connection socket. The regulation of the current consumption (by limitation or interruption of the current flow) is done directly at the level of the electrical apparatus. The invention proposes a synergy between the connection socket and the device connected to the network via it because from a simple measurement of the temperature performed at the outlet, the passage of electricity can be modulated accordingly . The overall system is simplified because between the plug and the electrical device, there is only one
organe de régulation du passage du courant électrique. La conséquence directe est aussi que les moyens manipulés par l'utilisateur ne comportent pas de limiteur ou de commutateur, de sorte que l'ergonomie pour l'utilisateur est améliorée. regulating member for the passage of electric current. The direct consequence is also that the means handled by the user do not include a limiter or switch, so that the ergonomics for the user is improved.
Avantageusement, les moyens de limitation ou de coupure du passage de l'électricité sont un commutateur. On obtient la protection contre la température en coupant le courant. Avantageusement, l'appareil comprend une batterie rechargeable apte à être rechargée par l'électricité du réseau de distribution. L'invention est particulièrement adaptée aux appareils comportant une batterie rechargeable car la durée de recharge est importante et occasionne des échauffements si les connecteurs sont sales, oxydés ou présentent des surfaces de contact insuffisantes. Par ailleurs, ces appareils comportent un commutateur de sécurité avec le réseau de distribution pour protéger leurs circuits des surtensions et l'invention utilise avantageusement ce dispositif déjà présent. Avantageusement, l'appareil électrique est un véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride. La recharge d'un véhicule automobile nécessite d'avoir une sécurité accrue pour l'utilisateur car la recharge doit pouvoir être effectuée par le grand public, sans formation ou précaution spécifique. Par ailleurs, la charge des véhicules est longue, donc le risque de montée en température de la prise est élevé car les puissances sont importantes, et susceptible de passer par des installations anciennes ou même vétustes. L'invention peut par exemple être utilisée pour sécuriser la recharge d'un cycle ou tricycle électrique ou hybride, d'un moyen de transport volant, d'un moyen de transport maritime, d'un véhicule poids lourds, d'un véhicule utilitaire, d'un véhicule de manutention ou d'un véhicule militaire. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit de modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs et illustrés par les dessins annexés, dans lesquels : Advantageously, the means for limiting or cutting the passage of electricity are a switch. The protection against the temperature is obtained by cutting off the current. Advantageously, the apparatus comprises a rechargeable battery able to be recharged by electricity from the distribution network. The invention is particularly suitable for devices comprising a rechargeable battery because the charging time is important and causes overheating if the connectors are dirty, oxidized or have insufficient contact surfaces. In addition, these devices comprise a safety switch with the distribution network to protect their circuits against overvoltages and the invention advantageously uses this device already present. Advantageously, the electrical apparatus is an electric or hybrid motor vehicle. The charging of a motor vehicle requires to have increased security for the user because the recharge must be performed by the general public, without training or specific precaution. In addition, the load of vehicles is long, so the risk of temperature rise of the catch is high because the powers are important, and likely to go through old or even outdated facilities. The invention may for example be used to secure the charging of an electric or hybrid cycle or tricycle, a means of transport flying, a means of maritime transport, a heavy goods vehicle, a commercial vehicle , a handling vehicle or a military vehicle. Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention given as non-limiting examples and illustrated by the appended drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 représente un appareil électrique et une prise électrique aptes à mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention; - la figure 2 représente le système de la figure 1 avec une alternative au niveau de la prise. - Figure 1 shows an electrical apparatus and an electrical socket adapted to implement the method according to the invention; - Figure 2 shows the system of Figure 1 with an alternative at the outlet.
La figure 1 représente un appareil électrique 30 relié par un câble 60 à une prise de connexion 50. La prise de connexion 50 comporte un bilame 54 relié au conducteur 51 qui est la terre. Les autres conducteurs, non référencés, représentent les conducteurs de phase. L'appareil électrique 30 comporte notamment des moyens de régulation 32 du courant délivré et des moyens de commande 31. Les moyens de commandes 31 sont reliés électriquement au bilame par l'intermédiaire de deux résistances 33 et 53. La mesure de la température se fait en faisant passer un courant de fuite vers la terre au travers des résistances 33 et 53 et en mesurant la tension aux bornes de la résistance 53, après la résistance 33 comme indiqué par la flèche représentée. Le bilame est réglé pour se déclencher à une température prédéfinie, ce qui a pour effet de modifier la valeur de la tension mesurée après la résistance 33, de sorte que les moyens de commande 31 peuvent provoquer une coupure ou une limitation du courant délivré par le réseau de distribution par les moyens de régulation 32 pour garantir que la température de la prise reste acceptable pour la sécurité des personnes et des biens situés aux alentours de la prise de connexion électrique 50. L'utilisation du bilame 54 simplifie l'analyse de la température à comparer la tension mesurée avec un seul seuil qui sépare les deux valeurs que peut prendre cette tension et correspondantes soit au circuit ouvert, soit au circuit fermé. La figure 2 représente l'appareil électrique 30 relié par le câble 60 à la prise de connexion 50. La prise de connexion 50 comporte ici une thermistance 55 dont la valeur a la propriété de changer avec la température. La chaîne de mesure de la température est réalisée de manière similaire à précédemment : un courant de fuite passe au travers de la résistance 33 et de la thermistance 55 pour aller vers la terre et on mesure, aux bornes de la Figure 1 shows an electrical apparatus 30 connected by a cable 60 to a connection socket 50. The connection socket 50 has a bimetal 54 connected to the conductor 51 which is the ground. Other drivers, unreferenced, represent phase drivers. The electrical apparatus 30 comprises, in particular, regulation means 32 for the delivered current and control means 31. The control means 31 are electrically connected to the bimetal through two resistors 33 and 53. The measurement of the temperature is carried out passing a leakage current to ground through the resistors 33 and 53 and measuring the voltage across the resistor 53, after the resistor 33 as indicated by the arrow shown. The bimetal is set to trip at a preset temperature, which has the effect of changing the value of the voltage measured after the resistor 33, so that the control means 31 can cause a cut or a limitation of the current delivered by the distribution network by the regulating means 32 to ensure that the temperature of the plug remains acceptable for the safety of people and goods located around the electrical connection socket 50. The use of bimetallic 54 simplifies the analysis of the temperature to compare the measured voltage with a single threshold which separates the two values that can take this voltage and corresponding to either the open circuit or the closed circuit. Figure 2 shows the electrical apparatus 30 connected by the cable 60 to the connection socket 50. The connection socket 50 here includes a thermistor 55 whose value has the property of changing with temperature. The temperature measurement chain is carried out in a manner similar to previously: a leakage current passes through the resistor 33 and the thermistor 55 to go to earth and is measured, at the terminals of the
thermistance 55, après la résistance 33, la tension, qui varie en fonction de la valeur de la thermistance. Une analyse de cette valeur de résistance, qui est l'image de la température de la prise 50, par le circuit de commande 31 lui permettra d'apporter une réponse adéquate soit en provoquant seulement une régulation du courant si la température s'élève faiblement, soit en coupant le courant et en déclenchant une alarme si la température est trop élevée. L'utilisation d'une thermistance permet d'apporter des options de choix quant à la réponse à apporter. En effet, on peut choisir plusieurs seuils qui correspondent à des états de surchauffe différents (surchauffe limitée, surchauffe dangereuse pour l'utilisateur, surchauffe provoquant un incendie) et en comparant la tension mesurée avec ces seuils, on peut limiter le courant en coupant une phase et avertir l'utilisateur de faire vérifier son installation électrique (si surchauffe limitée), ou bien couper le courant et avertir l'utilisateur de ne pas toucher la prise (si surchauffe dangereuse pour l'utilisateur), ou encore couper le courant et utiliser des moyens d'alarme tels qu'un klaxon si la surchauffe risque de provoquer un incendie. On comprendra que diverses modifications et/ou améliorations évidentes pour l'homme du métier peuvent être apportées aux différents modes de réalisation de l'invention décrits dans la présente description sans sortir du cadre de l'invention défini par les revendications annexées. thermistor 55, after the resistor 33, the voltage, which varies according to the value of the thermistor. An analysis of this resistance value, which is the image of the temperature of the plug 50, by the control circuit 31 will allow it to provide an adequate response either by causing only a regulation of the current if the temperature rises slightly. or by turning off the power and tripping an alarm if the temperature is too high. The use of a thermistor makes it possible to provide options of choice as to the response to be made. Indeed, one can choose several thresholds which correspond to different states of superheating (limited overheating, overheating dangerous for the user, overheating causing a fire) and by comparing the tension measured with these thresholds, one can limit the current by cutting a phase and warn the user to have his electrical installation checked (if overheating is limited), or to disconnect the power and warn the user not to touch the socket (if it is dangerous for the user to overheat), or to switch off the power and use alarm means such as a horn if overheating may cause a fire. It will be understood that various modifications and / or improvements obvious to those skilled in the art can be made to the various embodiments of the invention described in the present description without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
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FR1060098A FR2968475B1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | PROTECTION OF AN ELECTRICAL SOCKET AGAINST TEMPERATURE |
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FR1060098A FR2968475B1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2010-12-06 | PROTECTION OF AN ELECTRICAL SOCKET AGAINST TEMPERATURE |
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CN103682855A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-26 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Power cord |
DE102015107053A1 (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-11-10 | Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh | Connector part with a temperature-dependent switching device |
FR3039335A1 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-01-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | METHOD FOR PROTECTING AGAINST OVERHEATING AND / OR OVERCURRENTS OF AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR |
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US20090251832A1 (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-08 | Technology Research Corporation | Over heating detection and interrupter circuit |
US20090316321A1 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-24 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Thermal security for hybrid vehicle recharging cable plugs device and method |
WO2010049775A2 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-05-06 | Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. | Charging cable, charging cable unit, and charging system for electric vehicle |
US20100259223A1 (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-10-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for controlling current of a power distribution circuit |
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US20090195237A1 (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-06 | Feliss Norbert A | Dual direction power and data transfer protocol and safety detection |
US20090251832A1 (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-08 | Technology Research Corporation | Over heating detection and interrupter circuit |
US20090316321A1 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-24 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Thermal security for hybrid vehicle recharging cable plugs device and method |
WO2010049775A2 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-05-06 | Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. | Charging cable, charging cable unit, and charging system for electric vehicle |
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CN103682855A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-26 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Power cord |
DE102015107053A1 (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-11-10 | Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh | Connector part with a temperature-dependent switching device |
FR3039335A1 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-01-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | METHOD FOR PROTECTING AGAINST OVERHEATING AND / OR OVERCURRENTS OF AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR |
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