FR2956639A1 - Device for estimating driving of vehicle e.g. lorry, to provide driving energy for vehicle during long journey, has driving center providing energy to vehicle while measuring variation between actual parameter and reference parameter - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (10) has an obtaining unit (11) for obtaining physical parameter e.g. position, of a vehicle and speed and instantaneous acceleration value at every moment during traveling. A comparison and calculating center (12) calculates an actual parameter depending on the instantaneous acceleration value and compares the actual parameter with a reference parameter from the physical parameter. A driving evaluation center (13) provides driving energy to the vehicle while measuring the variation between the actual parameter and the reference parameter. An independent claim is also included for a method for evaluating driving of a vehicle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The invention relates to a device for evaluating the driving of a vehicle for providing a driving energy rating of the vehicle. . The invention furthermore relates to a method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle which also makes it possible to provide a driving energy rating of the vehicle.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART [0002] There are known systems for measuring fuel consumption for vehicles. Some systems offer features to promote fuel economy. The known systems, however, are essentially based on a measure of consumption. This measure comprises the performance of the engine, the performance of the transmission chain (gearbox and possibly automation of gearshifts, differentials, bearings, tires), the effect of the load carried and the weight of the vehicle, the effect of aerodynamics, the effect of external conditions such as weather conditions (wind, rain, etc.), the effect of the course (unevenness and succession of ascents and descents, sinuosity, vertical uniformity of the ground , the effect of traffic conditions (fluid traffic, congestion, accidents, works, etc.), the effect of the driving environment (interurban, urban, hyper center, motorway, etc.), the presence of traffic lights, roundabouts or stops imposing a stop and therefore an overconsumption at the restart and also the type of conduct of the driver. [0004] For example, the document US 4,845,630 describes a device and a method for calculating a rate of consumpt In addition to a conventional flowmeter, the device includes a series of sensors, including a distance sensor, for the purpose of evaluating the kinetic energy variation of the vehicle. A microprocessor makes it possible to correct the consumption measured as a function of this energy. [0005] WO 83/01686 discloses a system for correcting the measurement of instantaneous consumption per unit length according to different forms of energy accumulated by the vehicle. The signals of the sensors used and the corrected consumption are presented to the driver by means of a display. [0006] FR 2 923 290 discloses a motor vehicle display comprising an energy level indicator, one dimension of which is representative of the energy stored in an electrical energy source of the vehicle, a transfer direction indicator capable of signaling the direction of energy transfer, ie from the source of electrical energy or to the source of electrical energy. It also comprises a kinetic energy indicator of the vehicle of which a dimension is representative of at least the portion of the kinetic energy of the vehicle from the source of electrical energy. The kinetic energy considered is the energy coming from the electrical source and serving for the propulsion of the vehicle. None of these devices offers a solution to extract a criterion or a rating or any other mode of evaluation, value or index that is technically objective and related solely or mainly to driving the driver. In existing devices, the effects of travel and driving conditions are generally preponderant and do not allow to have a criterion focused primarily on driving quality. Moreover, the known devices do not allow to provide a posteriori easily and inexpensively existing vehicles. In order to overcome these various drawbacks, the invention provides various technical means. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0011] First, a first object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for evaluating the driving of a vehicle, regardless of the parameters inherent to the vehicle itself and / or the route taken. and its environment.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device and a method 5 for managing a vehicle fleet economically and optimally.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device for evaluating the driving of previously existing vehicles.

[0014] Yet another object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for indicating to the driver the influence of his driving type on the fuel consumption.

[0015] To this end, the invention provides a method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle (by a driver) (or measuring the driving energy), comprising the steps of: -obtaining ( by calculation or measurement) at least one physical parameter for determining, when the vehicle is traveling, at each instant the value of the instantaneous speed and acceleration; From the physical parameter, calculating an effective parameter, depending on the instantaneous acceleration or speed; -comparing the effective parameter to a reference parameter; -According to the difference between the actual parameter and the reference parameter, provide a driving energy rating (or driving rating) of the vehicle. The dimension may be in the form of an instantaneous value or averaged for a given path or portion of a path.

This method makes it possible on the one hand to overcome the effects of the vehicle and the external conditions. On the other hand, the comparison with a reference simulating a perfect driving in the sense of eco-driving allows to overcome the effects of the route, and traffic conditions. These two functions are distinct and provide different and complementary gains, to overcome the many other parameters that come scrambling the result of known methods and devices, including those based on consumption and without comparison with a reference. The method eliminates parameters on which the driver has no direct control such as the parameters associated with the vehicle as a whole: aerodynamics, engine (performance and settings), transmission (including the box of speed and its setting if automated), tires and rolling resistance level, as well as external conditions such as weather conditions (outside temperature, wind, rain, snow, etc.), and the loading conditions.

The comparison with a reference parameter can neutralize the effect of the course by performing a comparison to iso context. Thus, the impact of turns, ascents and descents, obstacles, fires, roundabouts and stops, traffic conditions (congestion, accidents, work, etc.) is neutralized.

The method also provides an indication to the driver on the quality of his driving, but also to provide a monitoring of driving quality over time. This information can in particular be used by a fleet manager or a trainer.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the effective parameter and the reference parameter are functions of at least one parameter chosen from a list comprising the speed, the longitudinal acceleration, the transverse acceleration, the energy, the work. (f = ma and work = f X d), the power (w / s), the slope and the radius of curvature of the road and the position. The physical parameter is advantageously the position of the vehicle as a function of time. The position is preferably provided by a geolocation system (for example GPS type). The presence of such a system makes it possible to mount the device on any vehicle without interfacing with a bus or any other method of connection to the vehicle data management system. According to an advantageous embodiment, the physical parameter is the instantaneous speed. This can be measured by a known type of speed sensor.

According to another embodiment, the physical parameter is the instantaneous acceleration. This can be measured by an acceleration sensor of known type or calculated from the instantaneous speeds.

[0026] The vehicle's driving energy rating is advantageously a function of the energy level difference with respect to a reference energy level. This difference is essentially due to the driver's type of driving, which has a direct impact on the actual energy level.

The use of reference parameters can be likened to the use of a simulator. The simulator is a driver model that uses the identified route by applying a so-called "calm" driving style, ie optimized in terms of eco-driving. For example, the simulator has maximum acceleration limits defined by speed ranges, deceleration limits also defined by 20 speed ranges, but also curve speed limits based on transverse acceleration and possibly yaw rate. induced. The reference energy level is advantageously a function of the energy consumption (which one wishes to optimize) and of the travel time (which one wishes to establish at a reasonable value, for avoid considering a travel time that is too long compared to the savings that result).

[0029] Advantageously, the dimension provided expresses the level of energy connected solely to the driving of the vehicle. "Connected solely to the driving of the vehicle" means excluding energy expended for factors related to the construction of the vehicle such as friction, performance, etc., the physical characteristics of the ride such as bends, slope, type of pavement, etc., and the environmental conditions in which the path is taken, such as temperature, precipitation, wind, humidity, traffic density, etc.

The invention also provides a device for evaluating the driving (or measuring the driving energy) of a vehicle, comprising: a means for obtaining at least one physical parameter making it possible to determine at every moment when the vehicle makes a journey, the value of the speed and the instantaneous acceleration; a computing and comparison center, making it possible, from the physical parameter, to calculate an effective parameter, dependent on the instantaneous acceleration and to compare the effective parameter with a reference parameter; -a driving evaluation center (or driving energy), by measuring the difference between the actual parameter and the reference parameter, to provide a driving energy rating (or driving grade) ) of the vehicle. The rating may be in the form of an instantaneous or averaged or integrated value for a given path or portion of a path. [0032] Advantageously, the vehicle driving evaluation device furthermore comprises a geolocation device.

The use of a geo-location device avoids the use of several sensors used to each obtain a different parameter. The costs are greatly reduced and the installation possibilities greatly eased. In addition, geo-location data makes it possible to calculate speed, acceleration, etc. but also to use cartographic data describing the running context.

In an advantageous variant, the device for evaluating the driving of a vehicle also comprises a center for calculating the speed and the acceleration, connected to or integrated with the geolocation device, and making it possible to determining the speed and / or acceleration based on the vehicle position data provided by the geolocation device.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES [0035] All the details of embodiment are given in the description which follows, supplemented by FIGS. 1 to 4, presented solely for the purpose of non-limiting examples, and in which: FIG. 1 schematically represents the key steps of the pipe evaluation method according to the invention; FIG. 2 is an example of a device for evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to the invention; FIGS. 3 and 4 show examples of results obtained by the method and the device presented. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0036] The eco-driving criteria are based on the amount of energy expended to move from one point to another. The criteria used are based on the energy used in terms of vehicle dynamics (kinetic energy) and not the energy consumed by the engine or any other vehicle system such as in particular the gearbox or the transmission chain. These criteria are therefore focused on the driving quality and are independent of the engine and any other element of the chain of transmission or the aerodynamics of the vehicle. Eco-driving is a driving attitude to combine economic and ecological driving. Ecological through the reduction of consumption, by the reduction of polluting gases emitted mainly related to consumption, but also by the reduction of waste (eg brake pad). Economical by reducing consumption, but also by reducing wear of wear parts (tires or brake pads for example) and general fatigue of the vehicle (rolling gear for example). [0038] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a device 10 d evaluation of the pipe according to the invention. A means 11 for obtaining at least one physical parameter is provided for receiving or obtaining one or more parameters such as speed, acceleration, position as a function of time, etc. This means of obtaining can either proceed by directly obtaining the parameters, or be connected to one or more sensors or elements capable of providing these data. In the first case, it may comprise one or more sensors such as accelerometers. In the second case, it can be connected to external equipment or sensors or to an external or internal geolocation device as described below. A calculation and comparison center 12 allows, from the physical parameter, to calculate an effective parameter, depending on the instantaneous acceleration, and to compare the effective parameter with a reference parameter. This center of calculation and comparison comprises the material means and / or the appropriate calculation instructions. The computing and comparison center 12 is connected to the obtaining means 11 for transmitting the data to the center 12. [0040] An evaluation center 13 of the pipe (or of the driving energy) enables to provide a driving energy rating (or driving grade) of the vehicle. To do this, the evaluation center 13 proceeds by measuring the difference between the actual parameter and one or more reference parameters. The driving evaluation center 13 comprises the hardware means and / or the appropriate calculation instructions. It is advantageously connected to the computing and comparison center 12 to ensure the transmission of data. A database of reference parameters is also provided. This base can be integrated into the device, as shown in Figure 2, or be remotely located, and accessible by the evaluation center 13. The rating obtained can be in the form of an instantaneous value or averaged or integrated for a given path or portion of a path. A geolocation device 14, for example a GPS-type device ("Global Positioning System") can be provided to provide a physical parameter, in particular the position of the vehicle. This position may allow the means for obtaining physical parameters 11 to determine the speed, the acceleration, etc. The antenna of the geolocation device may be internal or externally placed to facilitate the reception of signals such as signals from the GPS satellite network or other network. A display means 20, preferably provided in the driver's vision area of the vehicle may also be provided to allow the display of some relevant results for the driver. On the basis of these results, the driver can decide whether or not to modify or adapt his driving style, for example to try to obtain more favorable results. The device may also have means for identifying the driver, such as an RFID card or other similar means. An external interface 30, wired or wireless type, may also be provided. Such an interface makes it possible to transmit certain data and / or results to an external device such as a computer managing the data of the vehicle or of a fleet of vehicles. The data or results can be transmitted in real time, for example by cellular telephony or any other means of remote communication, or when the vehicle is back to its management site. Management site refers to the usual place where the vehicle is parked when not in use, and / or where management and / or control and / or maintenance are provided. The transmitted data can be of any type, such as the start and end of driving hours, the identifier of the vehicle and / or the driver, in addition to basic data and results from the process. A management center can further monitor one or more drivers and / or vehicles over time, make comparisons between vehicles and / or drivers, etc. Figure 2 illustrates the main steps of the prior evaluation of the driving of a vehicle according to the invention. In step 100, one or more physical parameters are obtained by the means for obtaining physical parameters 11. The calculation of one or more effective parameters is carried out in step 101 by the calculation and comparison center 12. The same center 12 then performs, in step 102, a comparison of the actual parameter or parameters established with one or more reference parameters. In step 103, a dimension in relation to the driving of the vehicle is obtained by the driving evaluation center 13. The rating may be used to present one or more indications to the driver so that he is informed if his driving mode is favorable or not with respect to the criteria of eco-driving. He can then adapt his driving style if necessary to improve his performance. The results as well as possibly the initial data such as the physical parameters can also be transmitted to a central data management unit, processing the data of the vehicle in question individually or as part of a data management system. fleet of vehicles. Table la, below, shows an example of calculation performed based on an energy mode. Other modes of calculation can be used, such as a mode based on acceleration, shown later in Table 2. GPS coordinates veh P eff AA ref V ref P ref Cote Cumulative rating cule vh instant Long Lat Alt LI 11 A1 Y1 Yr1 L2 12 A2 V1 Pe1 Y2 Yr2 Vr1 Pr1 Ci1 = Pe1-Pr1 Cc1 = Cil.dt1 L3 13 A3 V2 Pe2 Y3 Yr3 Vr2 Pr2 C12 = Pe2-Pr2 Cc2 = Cl1 + Ci2 x dt2 L4 14 A4 V3 Pe3 Y4 Yr4 Vr3 Pr3 Qi3 = Pe3-Pr3 Cc3 = Cc2 + Ci3 x dt3 Table la: Theoretical example based on the energy [0049] From the physical parameter corresponding to the geolocation coordinates, ie the latitude, the longitude and possibly the altitude, obtained by a geolocation device 14, a physical parameter, in this case the speed of the vehicle, is determined. To do this, at time t1, the geolocation coordinates are obtained from the geolocation device 14. The metric coordinates of the plot (X1, Y1, Z1) are established. At time t2, the new geolocation coordinates are obtained. The new metric coordinates of the plot (X2, Y2, Z2) are established. By using the distance traveled between the first coordinates and this news, the moving speed V1 can be determined. This step can be preferably performed by the calculation and comparison center 12, which then determines an effective parameter Peff. In this example based on the energy, the effective parameter Peff is determined by the following relation: Peff = 2 m (v +1 25 [0052] In this example, the effective parameter is only counted if is positive, otherwise it is assigned a zero value (no braking energy recovery). [0053] In the case of a vehicle equipped with a braking energy recovery device, it is possible to apply a weighting coefficient, as for example of the order of 0.15 on the braking phases In a variant, the absolute value of the effective parameter is used to take into account the energy dissipated during the braking phases. can additionally integrate in the calculation of Peff: a coefficient proportional to the cube, or in a more advanced polynomial form, 10 of the speed of the vehicle making it possible to take into account the aerodynamic component, a coefficient proportional to the speed making it possible to take in particular account the fr viscous-type ottings (eg effect of gearbox oil); A coefficient proportional to the speed and the acceleration to take into account the transmission type friction proportional to the torque. a coefficient proportional to the local slope to take into account the effect of the potential energy. Other criteria may also be applied and based on the energy not only inertial, but also taking into account other parameters such as the rolling resistance of the tires, the law of which is generally fairly constant up to a maximum. speed range dependent on the tire and then increases rapidly, and any other element entering the resistance to the advancement of the vehicle. From the coordinates of the plot (X1, Y1, Z1) and (X2, Y2, Z2) and the speed V1, the speed of the reference vehicle Vr1 is evaluated. In this example, to calculate this speed the following approach is followed: in the acceleration phase, and for the same spatial abscissa, the simulator has a speed increment which is defined by two criteria: the acceleration can not be greater at a maximum acceleration which is a function of the speed range in which one is located. This maximum acceleration is taken in a table of maximum accelerations by speed range and which makes it possible to define the desired driving. Table 1c gives a brief example of such a table. if this last acceleration leads to a speed of the simulator higher than that of the real vehicle, then the acceleration retained is that separating the speed of the simulator from that of the vehicle. This approach is also applied in the braking phase where the first function then becomes inoperative, the acceleration being negative and the second function then manages only the decreasing speed changes. Other embodiments are also possible, in particular by detecting the low speed points (points surrounded by higher speed points). From these low points, the possible acceleration at each point is determined according to a principle similar to the preceding one: in the acceleration phases following the chronological direction and by going back up the time for the braking phases. Thus, an acceleration curve is followed, allowing the speed to be deduced until the latter crosses the next upward braking curve. It is also possible to clip the high speeds in anticipation of the 20 braking phases, which corresponds to anticipating the braking phases. It is also possible, to optimize the fineness of the simulator, to take into account the transverse acceleration to weight it in cornering situation. Finally, it is possible to take into account the local slope of the route. From the positioning characteristics and the speed Vrl, the reference parameter (or eco-driving simulator criterion) Pr-1 is deduced, as previously for the vehicle. By comparison (in this example by subtraction, but according to other examples, it is also possible to use the ratio) of the parameters Peff and Pr, the instantaneous Cil (or eco-driving rating) is determined. By summation or integration over the entire path, the cumulative or global dimension Ci (or ecodriving criterion) is determined. A similar approach is applied for the other points of the course. The following table (Table 1b) illustrates an example of application on a test path, voluntarily very short. Figure 4 graphically illustrates the data and results obtained for this test path. lat ('long (° alt (m) V Pe AAV Pref Cote Cote Cote vh veh ref Integrated integrated inst inst (m / s) 4546.0 306.4 388.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4546.0 306.4 388.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 51.4 -51.4 -51.4 -25.7 4546.0 306.4 388.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -51.4 -17.1 4546.0 306.4 388.8 0.0 40.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.0 0.0 -51.4 -12.9 4546.0 306.4 388.8 0.9 44140.3 0.9 0.0 0.9 44140.3 0.0 -51.4 -10.3 4546.0 306.4 388.9 4.0 804591.8 3.1 0.1 4.0 804591.8 0.0 -51.4 -8.6 4546.0 306.4 389.0 6.6 1534778.2 2.7 0.0 5.9 1011005.0 523773.2 523721.8 74817.4 4546.0 306.4 389.1 7.4 560938.8 0.7 0.0 6.6 518683.8 42255.0 565976.8 70747.1 4546.0 306.4 389.3 7.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 7.1 309411.0 -309411.0 256565.8 28507.3 4546.0 306.4 389.4 7.6 389312.4 0.5 0.0 7.6 389312.4 0.0 256565.8 25656.6 4546.0 306.4 389.5 9.3 1631890.6 1.8 0.0 8.2 530393.2 1101497.4 1358063.2 123460.3 4546.0 306.4 389.6 11.3 2214654.1 2.0 0.0 8.6 358008.8 1856645.3 3214708.5 267892.4 4546.0 306.4 389.8 13.3 2588500.5 1.9 0.0 8.9 340398.0 2248102.5 5462811.0 420216.2 4546.0 306.4 389.9 13.7 629239.9 0.4 0.0 9.3 325885.2 303354.7 5766165.7 411869.0 4546.0 306.4 389.9 13.4 0.0 -0.3 0.0 9.6 313618.1 -313618.1 5452547.6 363503.2 4546.0 306.4 390.0 12.9 0.0 -0.6 0.0 9.9 303046.1 -303046.1 5149501.5 321843.8 4546.0 306.4 390.1 12.5 0.0 -0.4 0.0 10.1 293794.0 -293794.0 4855707.5 285629.9 4546.0 306.4 390.1 13.2 943191.5 0.7 0.0 10.4 285595.8 657595.7 5513303.2 306294.6 4546.0 306.3 390.3 13.7 740049.1 0.5 0.0 10.6 278256.2 461792.9 5975096.1 314478.7 4546.0 306.3 390.4 13.8 114570.4 0.1 0.0 10.9 271628.2 -157057.8 5818038.4 290901.9 4546.0 306.3 390.4 13.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.1 265598.3 -265598.3 5552440.1 264401.9 4546.0 306.3 390.6 13.6 0.0 -0.2 0.0 11.3 260077.4 -260077.4 5292362.7 240561.9 4546.0 306.3 390.8 13.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0 11.5 254994.3 -254994.3 5037368.4 219016.0 4546.0 306.3 391.0 12.7 0.0 -0.3 0.0 11.7 250291.3 -250291.3 4787077.1 199461.5 4545.9 306.3 391.4 12.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.9 245921.0 -245921.0 4541156. 1 181646.2 4545.9 306.3 391.8 13.0 477688.8 0.3 0.0 12.1 241844.0 235844.7 4777000.9 183730.8 4545.9 306.3 392.3 13.4 617005.3 0.4 0.0 12.3 238027.4 378977.9 5155978.7 190962.2 4545.9 306.3 392.7 13.7 338827.7 0.2 0.0 12.5 234443.2 104384.5 5260363.2 187870.1 4545.9 306.3 393.3 13.4 0.0 -0.3 0.0 12.6 231067.7 -231067.7 5029295.6 173424.0 4545.9 306.2 393.5 13.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0 12.8 227880.3 -227880.3 4801415.3 160047.2 4545.9 306.2 393.8 12.6 0.0 -0.4 0.0 12.6 0.0 0.0 4801415.3 154884.4 4545.9 306.2 394.1 12.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.6 0.0 0.0 4801415.3 150044.2 4545.9 306.2 394.4 12.9 339551.7 0.2 0.0 12.9 339551.7 0.0 4801415.3 145497.4 4545.9 306.2 394.8 13.1 367983.3 0.3 0.0 13.1 367983.3 0.0 4801415.3 141218.1 4545.9 306.2 395.0 13.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.1 0.0 0.0 4801415.3 137183.3 4545.9 306.2 395.1 12.9 0.0 -0.2 0.0 12.9 0.0 0.0 4801415.3 133372.6 14 4545.9 306.2 395.1 12.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 12.9 0.0 0.0 4801415.3 129768.0 4545.9 306.2 395.0 12.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.8 0.0 0.0 4801415.3 126353.0 4545.9 306 .2 394.9 13.0 280285.2 0.2 0.0 13.0 280285.2 0.0 4801415.3 123113.2 4545.9 306.2 394.9 13.4 447105.2 0.3 0.0 13.3 316809.8 130295.4 4931710.7 123292.8 4545.9 306.2 394.9 13.7 434972.1 0.3 0.0 13.4 216619.1 218353.0 5150063.7 125611.3 4545.9 306.1 394.9 13.9 297883.1 0.2 0.0 13.6 214150.8 83732.3 5233796.1 124614.2 4545.9 306.1 394.8 14.1 310033.4 0.2 0.0 13.7 211792.1 98241.3 5332037.4 124000.9 4545.9 306.1 394.7 14.3 409874.7 0.3 0.0 13.9 209534.8 200339.9 5532377.3 125735.8 4545.9 306.1 394.6 14.5 256068.9 0.2 0.0 14.0 207371.4 48697.5 5581074.8 124023.9 4545.9 306.1 394.7 14.6 137226.1 0.1 0.0 14.1 205295.3 -68069.2 5513005.5 119847.9 4545.9 306.1 394.7 14.6 32408.4 0.0 0.0 14.3 203300.5 -170892.0 5342113.5 113662.0 4545.9 306.1 394.9 14.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 14.4 201381.5 -201381.5 5140732.0 107098.6 4545.9 306.1 395.0 14.3 0.0 -0.2 0.0 14.3 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 104912.9 4545.8 306.1 395.1 14.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 14.1 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 102814.6 4545.8 306.1 395.3 14.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 14.0 0.0 0.0 514 0732.0 100798.7 4545.8 306.1 395.5 13.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 13.9 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 98860.2 4545.8 306.0 395.6 13.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 13.9 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 96994.9 4545.8 306.0 395.9 13.4 0.0 -0.5 0.0 13.4 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 95198.7 4545.8 306.0 396.0 12.8 0.0 -0.6 0.0 12.8 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 93467.9 4545.8 306.0 396.2 12.5 0.0 -0.3 0.0 12.5 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 91798.8 4545.8 306.0 396.4 12.8 441613.4 0.3 0.0 12.8 441613.4 0.0 5140732.0 90188.3 4545.8 306.0 396.7 12.3 0.0 -0.5 0.0 12.3 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 88633.3 4545.8 306.0 396.9 11.4 0.0 -0.9 0.0 11.4 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 87131.1 4545.8 306.0 397.0 10.2 0.0 -1.2 0.0 10.2 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 85678.9 4545.8 306.0 397.2 8.9 0.0 -1.3 0.0 8.9 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 84274.3 4545.8 306.0 397.3 8.0 0.0 -0.9 0.0 8.0 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 82915.0 4545.8 306.0 397.4 7.2 0.0 - 0.8 0.0 7.2 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 81598.9 4545.8 306.0 397.8 6.1 0.0 -1.1 0.0 6.1 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 80323.9 4545.8 306.0 397.7 4.9 0.0 -1.2 0.0 4.9 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 79088.2 4545.8 306.0 397.7 3.6 0.0 -1.3 0 .0 3.6 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 77889.9 4545.8 306.0 397.7 2.6 0.0 -0.9 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 76727.3 4545.8 306.0 397.6 1.6 0.0 -1.1 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 75599.0 4545.8 306.0 397.6 0.6 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 74503.4 4545.8 306.0 397.5 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 73439.0 4545.8 306.0 397.4 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 72404.7 4545.8 306.0 397.3 0.0 22.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 22.8 0.0 5140732.0 71399.1 4545.8 306.0 397.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 70421.0 4545.8 306.0 397.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 69469.4 4545.8 306.0 397.0 0.0 12.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.9 0.0 5140732.0 68543.1 4545.8 306.0 397.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5140732.0 67641.2 Table lb: numerical example (energy-based) Maximum acceleration (G) Range speed (upper bound in km / h) 42.5 47.5 22.5 27.5 62.5 67.5 72.5 77.5 82.5 87.5 92.5 32.5 37.5 52.5 57.5 12.5 17.5 2.5 7.5 1.30 1.20 1.10 1.03 0.95 0.88 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.40 0.45 0.42 0.40 0.37 0. Table l c: maximum accelerations by speed ranges [0066] According to another example of implementation as presented in Table 2a below, the instantaneous acceleration measured directly from accelerometers is used as the actual parameter. According to various variants, the acceleration is calculated from the speed measured or supplied by the vehicle for example via the vehicle bus, or from the positioning information provided for example by a geolocation device. Reference parameter is also used a fixed reference acceleration, or preferably dependent on a multiple input table. These inputs can optionally include the previous reference speed, the local slope, the radius of curvature of the road or the track followed, the distance and / or the time with respect to the next low point of real speed (deferred calculation), the mass of the vehicle. An example of an application in which the effective parameter is the acceleration of the vehicle and the parameter refers to the accelerator of the simulator is provided below in Table 2b. Figure 4 graphically illustrates these results. In this exemplary embodiment, the reference parameter is based on an acceleration table dependent on the previous speed, the reference parameter and the slope. The difference between the effective and the reference parameters is used for the energy rating. To increase the difference between the actual parameter representative of the actual line and the reference parameter representative of the ideal line as well as to take account of the energy dissipated during the braking phases, the instantaneous dimension Ci also includes a setting of square. GPS coordinates vhf AP eff V ref A ref P ref Cumulative dimension cule veh instant Long Lat Alt LI Il Al L2 12 A2 VI VrI L3 13 A3 V2 Y1 Pet Vr2 Yr1 Pr1 Ci1 = (Pel-Col = Cil .dtl = Y1 = Yr Pr1) 2 1 L4 14 A4 V3 Y2 Pe2 Vr3 Yr2 Pr2 Ci2 = (Pe2-Cc2 = CcI + Ci2 x dt2 = Y2 = Yr Pr2) '2 ... ... ... ... .... .. ... ... ... ... Table 2a: theoretical example based on the instantaneous acceleration V Cote V Ref Integral dimension lat (9 long (° alt (m) 'm / s A veh Pe Order Code (C / no) 4546.0 306.4 388.7 0.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 0.0 4546.0 306.4 388.7 0.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 0.0 0.0 4546.0 306.4 388.8 0.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 0.0 0.0 4546.0 306.4 388.8 0.0 0.0103 0.0103 0.0 0.0003 0.0003 0.000 0.0 0.0 4546.0 306.4 388.8 0.9 0.8643 0.8643 0.9 0.0245 0.0245 0.705 0.7 0.1 4546.0 306.4 388.9 4.0 3.0609 3.0609 4.0 0.0867 0.0867 8.846 9.6 1.6 4546.0 306.4 389.0 6.6 2.6803 2.6803 5.9 0.0348 0.0348 6.998 16.6 2.4 4546.0 306.4 389.1 7.4 0 .7408 0.7408 6.6 0.0218 0.0218 0.517 17.1 2.1 4546.0 306.4 389.3 7.1 -0.3292 -0.3292 7.1 0.0170 0.0170 0.120 17.2 1.9 4546.0 306.4 389.4 7.6 0.4939 0.4939 7.6 0.0140 0.0140 0.230 17.4 1.7 4546.0 306.4 389.5 9.3 1.7903 1.7903 8.2 0.0125 0.0125 3.160 20.6 1.9 4546.0 306.4 389.6 11.3 1.9858 1.9858 8.6 0.0112 0.0112 3.899 24.5 2.0 4546.0 306.4 389.8 13.3 1.9497 1.9497 8.9 0.0102 0.0102 3.762 28.2 2.2 4546.0 306.4 389.9 13.7 0.4321 0.4321 9.3 0.0094 0.0094 0.179 28.4 2.0 4546.0 306.4 389.9 13.4 -0.2675 -0.2675 9.6 0.0087 0.0087 0.076 28.5 1.9 4546.0 306.4 390.0 12.9 -0.5556 -0.5556 9.9 0.0082 0.0082 0.318 28.8 1.8 4546.0 306.4 390.1 12.5 -0.3550 -0.3550 10.1 0.0077 0.0077 0.132 28.9 1.7 4546.0 306.4 390.1 13.2 0.6791 0.6791 10.4 0.0073 0.0073 0.451 29.4 1.6 4546.0 306.3 390.3 13.7 0.5093 0.5093 10.6 0.0069 0.0069 0.252 29.6 1.6 4546.0 306.3 390.4 13.8 0.0772 0.0772 10.9 0.0066 0.0066 0.005 29.7 1.5 4546.0 306.3 390.4 13.8 -0.0463 -0.0463 11.1 0.0063 0.0063 0.003 29.7 1.4 4546.0 306.3 390.6 13.6 -0.1903 -0.1903 11.3 0.0061 0.0061 0.039 29.7 1.3 4546.0 306.3 390.8 13.0 -0.5659 -0.5659 11.5 0.0059 0.0059 0.327 30.0 1.3 4546.0 306.3 391.0 12.7 -0.3138 -0.3138 11.7 0.0057 0.0057 0.102 30.1 1.3 4545.9 306.3 391.4 12.7 -0.0103 -0.0103 11.9 0.0055 0.0055 0.000 30.1 1.2 17 4545.9 306.3 391.8 13.0 0.3447 0.3447 12.1 0.0053 0.0053 0.115 30.2 1.2 4545.9 306.3 392.3 13.4 0.4321 0.4321 12.3 0.0051 0.0051 0.182 30.4 1.1 4545.9 306.3 392.7 13.7 0.2315 0.2315 12.5 0.0050 0.0050 0.051 30.5 1.1 4545.9 306.3 393.3 13.4 -0.2624 -0.2624 12.6 0.0048 0.0048 0.071 30.5 1.1 4545.9 306.2 393.5 13.1 -0.3498 -0.3498 12.8 0.0047 0.0047 0.126 30.7 1.0 4545.9 306.2 393.8 12.6 -0.4218 -0.4218 12.6 0.0046 0.0046 0.182 30.8 1.0 4545.9 306.2 394.1 12.6 -0.0257 -0.0257 12.6 -0.0007 -0.0007 0.001 30.9 1.0 4545.9 306.2 394.4 12.9 0.2469 0.2469 12.9 0.0045 0.0045 0.059 30.9 0.9 4545.9 306.2 394.8 13.1 0.2624 0.2624 13.1 0.0044 0.0044 0.067 31.0 0.9 4545.9 306.2 395.0 13.1 -0.0257 -0.0257 13.1 -0.0007 -0.0007 0 .001 31.0 0.9 4545.9 306.2 395.1 12.9 -0.1852 -0.1852 12.9 -0.0052 -0.0052 0.032 31.0 0.9 4545.9 306.2 395.1 12.9 -0.0669 -0.0669 12.9 -0.0019 -0.001 0.004 31.0 0.8 4545.9 306.2 395.0 12.8 -0.0051 -0.0051 12.8 -0.0001 -0.0001 0.000 31.0 0.8 4545.9 306.2 394.9 13.0 0.2006 0.2006 13.0 0.0045 0.0045 0.038 31.1 0.8 4545.9 306.2 394.9 13.4 0.3138 0.3138 13.3 0.0044 0.0044 0.096 31.1 0.8 4545.9 306.2 394.9 13.7 0.2984 0.2984 13.4 0.0043 0.0043 0.087 31.2 0.8 4545.9 306.1 394.9 13.9 0.2006 0.2006 13.6 0.0042 0.0042 0.039 31.3 0.7 45.4.9 306.1 394.8 14.1 0.2058 0.2058 13.7 0.0041 0.0041 0.041 31.3 0.7 4545.9 306.1 394.7 14.3 0.2675 0.2675 13.9 0.0040 0.0040 0.069 31.4 0.7 4545.9 306.1 394.6 14.5 0.1646 0.1646 14.0 0.0039 0.0039 0.026 31.4 0.7 4545.9 306.1 394.7 14.6 0.0875 0.0875 14.1 0.0038 0.0038 0.007 31.4 0.7 4545.9 306.1 394.7 14.6 0.0206 0.0206 14.3 0.0038 0.0038 0.000 31.4 0.7 4545.9 306.1 394.9 14.5 -0.1286 -0.1286 14.4 0.0037 0.0037 0.018 31.4 0.7 4545.9 306.1 395.0 14.3 -0.2006 -0.2 006 14.3 0.0036 0.0036 0.042 31.5 0.6 4545.8 306.1 395.1 14.1 -0.1749 -0.1749 14.1 -0.0050 -0.0050 0.029 31.5 0.6 4545.8 306.1 395.3 14.0 -0.0875 -0.0875 14.0 -0.0025 -0.0025 0.007 31.5 0.6 4545.8 306.1 395.5 13.9 -0.0772 -0.0772 13.9 -0.0022 -0.0022 0.006 31.5 0.6 4545.8 306.0 395.6 13.9 -0.0566 -0.0566 13.9 -0.0016 -0.0016 0.003 31.5 0.6 4545.8 306.0 395.9 13.4 -0.4579 -0.4579 13.4 -0.0130 -0.0130 0.198 31.7 0.6 4545.8 306.0 396.0 12.8 -0.6431 -0.6431 12.8 -0.0182 -0.0182 0.390 32.1 0.6 4545.8 306.0 396.2 12.5 -0.3138 -0.3138 12.5 -0.0089 -0.0089 0.093 32.2 0.6 4545.8 306.0 396.4 12.8 0.3241 0.3241 12.8 0.0046 0.0046 0.102 32.3 0.6 4545.8 306.0 396.7 12.3 -0.4784 -0.4784 12.3 -0.0135 -0.0135 0.216 32.5 0.6 4545.8 306.0 396.9 11.4 -0.8797 -0.8797 11.4 -0.0249 -0.0249 0.731 33.2 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.0 10.2 -1.2244 -1.2244 10.2 -0.0347 -0.0347 1.415 34.7 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.2 8.9 -1.2707 -1.2707 8.9 -0.0360 -0.0360 1.524 36.2 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.3 8.0 - 0.9414 -0.9414 8.0 -0.0267 -0.02 67 0.837 37.0 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.4 7.2 -0.8077 -0.8077 7.2 -0.0229 -0.0229 0.616 37.6 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.8 6.1 -1.1112 -1.1112 6.1 -0.0315 -0.0315 1.166 38.8 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.7 4.9 -1.1678 -1.1678 4.9 -0.0331 -0.0331 1.288 40.1 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.7 3.6 -1.3324 -1.3324 3.6 -0.0377 -0.0377 1.676 41.8 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.7 2.6 -0.9363 -0.9363 2.6 -0.0265 -0.0265 0.828 42.6 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.6 1.6 -1.0598 -1.0598 1.6 -0.0300 -0.0300 1.060 43.7 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.6 0.6 -0.9980 -0.9980 0.6 -0.0283 -0.0283 0.940 44.6 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.5 0.3 -0.3035 -0.3035 0.3 -0.0086 -0.0086 0.087 44.7 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.4 0.0 -0.2624 -0.2624 0.0 -0.0074 -0.0074 0.065 44.8 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.3 0.0 0.0103 0.0103 0.0 0.0003 0.0003 0.000 44.8 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.2 0.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 44.8 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.1 0.0 -0.0051 -0.0051 0.0 -0.0001 -0.0001 0.000 44.8 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.0 0.0 0.0051 0.0051 0.0 0.0001 0.0001 0.000 44.8 0.6 4545.8 306.0 397.0 0.0 -0.0051 - 0.0051 0.0 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 44.8 0.6 Table 2b: numerical example (based on acceleration) In an advantageous variant of the invention, a display is made available to the driver, so that he can view in real time the effect of his type of conduct. For example, the decision table 3 presented below allows depending on the level of acceleration and the speed range to determine an increment of the rating. In this example, a bar graph display shows the changes in the dimension in real time.

In this example of implementation, the value is directly used for the instantaneous display in the form of a bar chart, so that the value 1 corresponds to 1 square, the value 2 to 2 tiles, to the value 8 for 8 tiles. Color codes can be added to the chart to identify favorable areas (with lower dimension values) and unfavorable areas. Other types of display can also be used, such as a meter-type meter.

Thus, if for example a driver finds a high value, he can immediately change his driving mode, for example by accelerating more gradually, negotiating the turns more moderately, and so on. He will immediately see the effect produced on the display. This type of indication allows a driver to optimize his performance in terms of eco-driving.

30 35 Hill increment Level 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 acceleration found (m / s2) 2.5 0.76 0.84 0.91 0.99 1.07 1.15 1.22 1.30 7.5 0.68 0.75 0.83 0.90 0.98 1.05 1.12 1.20 12.5 0.60 0.67 0.74 0.81 0.88 0.96 1.03 1.10 17.5 0.54 0.61 0.68 0.75 0.82 0.89 0.96 1.03 22.5 0.48 0.55 0.61 0.68 0.75 0.82 0.88 0.95 27.5 0.44 0.50 0.57 0.63 0.69 0.76 0.82 0.88 Range 32.5 0.40 0.46 0.51 0.57 0.63 0.69 0.74 0.80 of 37.5 0.36 0.42 0.47 0.53 0.58 0.64 0.70 0.75 speed 42.5 0.32 0.37 0.43 0.48 0.54 0.59 0.64 0.70 (bound 47.5 0.28 0.33 0.39 0.44 0.49 0.55 0.60 0.65 high 52.5 0.24 0.29 0.34 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 in 57.5 0.22 0.26 0.31 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 km / h) 62.5 0.20 0.24 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.42 0.46 0.50 67.5 0.18 0.23 0.27 0.32 0.36 0.40 0.44 0.48 72.5 0.16 0.21 0.25 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.41 0.45 77.5 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.26 0.30 0.34 0.38 0.42 82.5 0.12 0.16 0.26 0.28 0.32 0.36 0.40 87.5 0.10 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.26 0.30 0.34 0.37 0.39 0.37 0.07 0.12 0.26 0.20 0.24 0.28 0.32 0.35 Table 3: Dec table ision for visual diagram [0071] The figures and the description made above illustrate the invention rather than limiting it. In particular, the invention and its various variants have just been described in relation to very short paths, only for demonstration purposes. The device and the method are however effective on much longer routes. In addition, over long journeys, certain indications provided by the device may allow a driver to adopt a more economical driving, making it possible to save fuel. For fleets of vehicles, especially trucks or buses, the potential savings are substantial. The reference signs in the claims are not limiting in nature. The verbs "understand" and "include" do not exclude the presence of elements other than those listed in the claims. The word "a" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

Claims (4)

Revendications1. Device (10) for evaluating the driving of a vehicle, comprising: - means for obtaining (11) at least one physical parameter, making it possible to determine at each instant when the vehicle makes a journey, the value of speed and instant acceleration; - a calculation and comparison center (12), allowing from the physical parameter to calculate an actual parameter dependent on the instantaneous acceleration and to compare the effective parameter to a reference parameter; a center of evaluation (13) of the pipe, making it possible, by measuring the difference between the actual parameter and the reference parameter, to provide a rating of the driving energy of the vehicle. 2. A vehicle driving evaluation device according to claim 1, further comprising a geolocation device (14). 3. Device for evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising a center for calculating the speed and acceleration, connected to the geolocation device, and for determining the speed and / or acceleration based on the vehicle position data provided by the geolocation device. A method for evaluating the driving of a vehicle, comprising the steps of: obtaining at least one physical parameter for determining, when the vehicle is traveling, at each instant the value of the speed and the instant acceleration; from the physical parameter, calculating an effective parameter, depending on the instantaneous acceleration or the speed; -comparing the effective parameter to a reference parameter; -According to the difference between the actual parameter and the reference parameter, provide a driving energy rating of the vehicle. . A method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the effective parameter and the reference parameter are functions of at least one parameter selected from a list comprising the speed, the longitudinal acceleration, the acceleration transversal, energy, work, power, slope and radius of curvature of the road and position. 6. A method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the physical parameter is the position of the vehicle as a function of time. The method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the position is provided by a geolocation system. 8. A method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the physical parameter is the instantaneous speed. 9. A method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the physical parameter is the instantaneous acceleration. 10. A method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the driving energy rating of the vehicle is a function of the energy level difference with respect to an energy level of reference. 11. A method for evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to claim 10, wherein the reference energy level is a function of energy consumption on the one hand and the travel time on the other hand. 12. A method of evaluating the driving of a vehicle according to one of claims 4 to 11, wherein the rating provided expresses the energy level connected only to the driving of the vehicle.