FR2953001A1 - Air-conditioning system for dwelling house, has air inlet in taking air from one of external air intakes, outlet evacuating air in direction of air distribution network, and selection unit arranged between inlets - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a heat exchange unit (1) comprising external air intakes (2, 5). An air distribution network (7) distributes air in a building. An air inlet (4a) intakes the air from the heat exchange unit. Another air inlet (4b) intakes the air from one of the external air intakes. An outlet (4c) evacuates the air in a direction of the air distribution network. A selection unit is arranged between the inlets. An air heating unit (6) is assembled among the air outlets of a distribution valve (4) and the air distribution network of the building. An independent claim is also included for a method for air-conditioning a building using an air-conditioning system.

Description

The invention relates to an air conditioning system for a building for cooling or heating the building by achieving energy savings.

It is known to use a relatively constant temperature source, for example a Canadian well, sometimes as a cold source for cooling a building, for example a dwelling, sometimes as a hot source for saving heating. The air flowing through the Canadian well's heat exchanger lines is warmed in the winter and cooled in the summer. This new air is introduced into a dwelling house, and thus contributes to its heating or cooling, that is to say its air conditioning. However, such a system lacks flexibility: it is well adapted only in summer and in winter, when the temperature differences between the ground and the outside air are well marked and constant, it is not adapted in half season. For example, outside air may be cooler than the floor, and in order to cool the house, it is better to use outside air. These problems are solved by the air conditioning system according to the invention. To this end, the invention proposes a building air conditioning system comprising: calorie exchange means comprising a first external air intake, a second external air intake, a distribution network of air in the building, - a distribution valve, characterized in that the distribution valve comprises: - a first air inlet from the calorie exchange means, - a second air inlet from the second external air intake, - at least a first outlet for air towards the air distribution network, - means for selecting an inlet between the first and the second air intake.

Thanks to these provisions, the user always has the choice to use as fresh air either the air from the calorie exchange means, for example a Canadian well, or outside air. The change is made by selecting in input either the first air inlet, from the means of exchange of calories, or the second inlet which admits outside air. This selection can for example be made by operating a three-way valve, having two exclusive entries from one another and an output. This maneuver can be manual or controlled by an automaton. A Canadian well is a network of pipes buried about two meters into the ground and circulating a fluid, usually air drawn outside. It is used that the temperature in the soil is more stable than that of the ambient air, on average higher than the ambient temperature in winter and lower in summer. At a certain depth, the soil can therefore be used as a cold spring in summer and as a hot spring in winter.

Advantageously, the air conditioning system can be further characterized in that: the dispensing valve comprises a second air outlet, the system further comprises a means for heating the air mounted between the second outlet of The dispensing valve air and the building air distribution network. The dispensing valve includes means for selecting an outlet between the first and second air outlets.

In a winter situation, ie when the system is used to heat the house, the passage of air in the calorie exchange means warms the outside air, but this rise in temperature is not sufficient. to give the fresh air a comfort temperature. On the contrary, the system can be perceived as "blowing cold air", which is not pleasant. As a result, even if the dwelling has its own heating system, it may be advantageous to heat the fresh air before diffusing it into the dwelling. For this purpose the distribution valve of the air conditioning system may comprise a second outlet which directs the air to a means of heating the air, for example a water heater. The valve then further comprises a means for selecting the air outlet, sometimes to the building's air distribution network, sometimes to the water heater. The valve may for example be a four-way valve, having two exclusive entrances from each other, outside air and air from the calorie exchange means, and two exclusive exits from each other, means of heating and air use network. The user always has the choice of directing or not the fresh air to the heating means by operating the four-way valve. This maneuver can be manual or controlled by an automaton. The water heater may be dedicated to this heating of the fresh air, or may be an existing water heater, for example the water heater for producing domestic hot water, comprising a hot water bath and a second coil for heating the hot water. water, ie a double flow water heater.

Advantageously, the system may further comprise a microorganism filter, and / or a desiccant. The microorganism filter aims to limit the proliferation of bacteria, molds ... in the air ducts, which are the source of bad odors. The desiccant has the function of drying the air so as to also fight against the proliferation and to avoid the condensation of water. The system may also include a condensation water recovery means located at a low point of the system.

Advantageously, the air distribution network in the building has a substantially continuous space formed in the thickness of at least one wall.

Thanks to these provisions, the air conditioning is provided by one or more wall (s) of the building through the air gap that circulates in its / their thickness, horizontally and vertically. Fresh air is no longer introduced directly into the building but into a space provided in the thickness of the wall (s). This considerably improves the comfort of the home.

There are also odor problems that can develop in the air ducts.

Advantageously, the substantially continuous space is formed by the horizontal and vertical alignment of cavities each formed within the building blocks constituting the at least one wall of the building. The walls may be constructed of building blocks which each have an interior cavity communicating with the outside of the block, so that these cavities may be placed in communication during the elevation of the wall (s). This creates an air gap in the thickness of the wall (s) that can be used by the air conditioning system.

Advantageously, the air-conditioning system may comprise means for selecting the points of admission and the outlet of air in the at least one wall, between the two following dispositions: a first disposition in which air is admitted to the base of the wall and rejected externally by its upper part, - a second arrangement in which the air is admitted in the upper part of the wall and rejected outside at its base. The air conditioning system can be used to heat or cool the building. It may be advantageous, when it comes to heating the building, to admit hot air through the base of the wall and to reject it from above (first provision), and when it comes to refreshing it , to admit the fresh air from the top of the wall and to reject it by its base (second disposition). For this purpose it can comprise two valves, one for the selection of the point of entry of fresh air into the wall and one for the selection of the air outlet.

The invention also relates to an air conditioning method using the air conditioning system, comprising the following step: - if Th> Tc: if Tpc <Text, select the first air inlet of the distribution valve, otherwise select the second input If Th <Tc: if Tpc> Text, select the first air inlet of the distribution valve, otherwise select the second air inlet, in which: Th is the temperature in the building, Tc is the set temperature for the building, for example 20 ° C, Text is the outside air temperature, Tpc is the temperature of the air in the calorie exchange means. The first situation (Th> Tc) is for example a summer situation, in which the temperature in the dwelling is higher than the set temperature and in which it is necessary to cool the dwelling. In this case, we choose the source whose temperature is the lowest, that of the exchanger or that of the outside air. Even in the case of using a Canadian well, where, in summer, the average temperature is lower than that of outside air, there may be times, depending on weather conditions, or at night, where the outside air temperature is lower than that of the Canadian well. The system according to the invention makes it possible to benefit from these particular conditions to optimize air conditioning. The second situation (Th <Tc) is for example a winter situation, in which the temperature in the house is lower than the set temperature and in which the house must be heated, or at least use a fresh air that is the coldest possible. In this case, we choose the source whose temperature is the highest, that of the exchanger or that of the outside air. As in the previous case, even in the case of the use of a Canadian well, in which, in winter, the temperature is on average higher than that of the outside air, it may happen that the temperature of the outdoor air is milder than that of the Canadian well. This step of selecting an entry can be carried out manually or, preferably, by an automatism.

In the case where the system comprises an air heating means mounted between the second outlet of the distribution valve and the air distribution network of the building, the method comprises the following step: - if Th > Tc: select the first air outlet of the dispense valve and: if Tpc <Text, select the first air inlet of the dispense valve, otherwise select the second air inlet, - if Th <Tc: select the second air outlet of the dispense valve and: if Tpc> Text, select the first air inlet of the dispense valve, otherwise select the second air inlet.

The air conditioning system further comprises an air heating means and a means for selecting the outlet of the dispensing valve. The rule for selecting the input is identical to the previous embodiment of the method but it also comprises a step of selecting the output of the dispensing valve. In the summer situation (Th> Tc), the first exit is selected, ie the system admits fresh air directly into the residential air distribution network. In winter situation, the second output is selected, that is to say that the system directs air to the air heating means before being admitted into the distribution network. In winter, air from the Canadian well or from outside must be heated to be directly admitted to the home's distribution system. As in the previous embodiment of the method, the step of selecting an output can be performed manually or, preferably, by an automation.

When the air distribution network uses a wall having a continuous space in its thickness and comprises a means for selecting the intake and exhaust points, it may be advantageous, in winter situation, to admit the hot air at the base of the wall, which is a priori the coldest part, and reject it at the top (first provision), and in summer, to admit the fresh air at the top of the wall, which is a priori the hottest part, and reject it at its base (second provision). Advantageously, the process therefore comprises the following step: if Th <Tc: select the first arrangement of the intake and exhaust air points, - if Th> Tc: select the second arrangement.

The invention also relates to a building block used in the air-conditioning system comprising a continuous space in the thickness of at least one wall, the block comprising at least one upper face, one lower face, two end faces and two lateral faces, and further comprising a cavity opening through at least one respective opening on the upper face, on the underside and on each end face. The assembly of such building blocks makes it possible to obtain a horizontal and vertical alignment of their respective cavities, and thus to make a quasi-continuous space in the thickness of the wall; this space is used by the air conditioning system as part of the building's air conditioning network. Embodiments and variants will be described below, by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows a diagram of the air-conditioning system according to the invention, Figure 2 schematically shows a perspective view of a building block used by the air conditioning system, Figure 3 shows a vertical section along XX 'of the building block used by the air conditioning system, Figure 4 shows a particular configuration diagram of the distribution network of air in a wall.

The air conditioning system according to the invention comprises a Canadian well 1, that is to say a pipe network buried in the ground, about 2 m deep. Outside air is sampled by a first outside air intake 2 and forced into these ducts by an air circulation means 3, for example a fan, a suction pump or a back-up pump.

The air conditioning system further comprises a four-way valve 4 having a first inlet 4a connected to the outlet of the Canadian well 1, and a second inlet 4b connected to a second external air intake 5. The valve 4 also comprises a first outlet 4c connected to the distribution network 7 of the fresh air in the building 10, and a second outlet 4d connected to a water heater 6 for producing domestic hot water. This water heater comprises an electrical resistance 6a, a hot water bath and a coil 6b for air, in contact with the hot water bath. It may also be a central heating water heater associated with an oil or gas boiler.

At the outlet, the coil 6b of the water heater is connected to the utilization network 7 of the air in the dwelling. It should be noted that the water heater 6 is not necessary: in another embodiment, the water heater is absent and the valve 4 has only one outlet 4c. A second air circulation means 8 can be arranged in the air distribution network 7.

The air distribution network uses a quasi-continuous space provided in the thickness of the wall 10. It can be a totally continuous space if the wall 10 is in fact made in the form of two separate walls separated by a blade of air. But preferably, the wall 10 consists of building blocks 20 as illustrated by Figures 2 and 3.

The building block 20 illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 comprises an upper face 21, a lower face, two lateral faces 22a (not visible) and 22b, and two end faces 23a and 23b (not visible). The upper face 21 has an upper opening 24 and the lower face 3 has a lower opening in two parts, 25a and 25b. The end face 23a has an opening 12 and the opposite end face 23b has a corresponding opening 13. These openings 24, 25a and 25b, 12, 13 put in communication a cavity 14 located inside the block 20 with the outside. This cavity 14 is essentially in the form of a cross.

The openings 12 and 13 face each other when two blocks are assembled one in the extension of the other. In addition, the length of the upper and lower openings 24, 25a and 25b is such that when two blocks are superimposed staggered, these openings come at least partially overlapping. When raising the wall, the cavities 14 of each building block 20 are thus placed in horizontal and vertical communication. This creates a quasi-continuous space in the thickness of the wall 10, in which the air conditioning air can circulate.

FIG. 4 illustrates a particular embodiment of the air distribution network, making it possible to admit fresh air through the upper part of a wall 10 and hot air 9 through the lower part. The distribution network 7 comprises a valve 31 on the air intake circuit in the wall 10 and a valve 32 on the air outlet circuit. Depending on the position of the valve 31, the air can be admitted in the upper part 10a or in the lower part 10b of the wall. Depending on the position of the valve 32, the air can exit at the top 5 10c or bottom 10d of the wall. The network can take two steps:

- intake of fresh air in the upper part 10a and evacuation in the lower part 10d, - admission of hot air in the lower part 1Ob and evacuation in the upper part 1 Oc.

Claims (13)

Revendications1. Building air conditioning system comprising: - calorie exchange means (1) comprising a first outside air intake (2), - a second outside air intake (5), - an air distribution network in the building (7), - a distribution valve (4), characterized in that the dispensing valve comprises: - a first air inlet (4a) from the heat exchange means (1), - a second air inlet (4b) from the second external air intake (5), - at least a first outlet (4c) for air towards the air distribution network (7), - means for selecting an inlet between the first (4a) and the second (4b) air inlet. 2. Air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: - the distribution valve (4) comprises a second air outlet (4d), - the system further comprises a means of heating the air (6 ) mounted between the second air outlet (4d) of the distribution valve (4) and the building distribution network (7), - the distribution valve (4) comprises means for selecting a output between the first (4c) and the second (4d) air outlet. 3. Air conditioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that the air heating means (6) is a water heater, in particular a dual flow water heater. 4. An air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the calorie exchange means is a Canadian well (1). 5. The air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises a microorganism filter. 2953001 -11- 6. Air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises a desiccant. 5 Air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the air distribution network (7) in the building comprises a substantially continuous space formed in the thickness of at least one wall (10). ). 8. An air conditioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that the substantially continuous space is constituted by the horizontal and vertical alignment of cavities each formed within the building blocks constituting the at least one wall (10). 9. Air conditioning system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises means for selecting (31, 32) the intake points (10a, 10b) and outlet (10c, 10d) of air in the at least one wall (10), between the following two provisions: - a first arrangement in which the air is admitted to the base of the wall and rejected externally by its upper part, 20 - a second provision in which air is admitted at the top of the wall and rejected outside at its base. 10. A method of air conditioning a building using the air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 9, and comprising the following step: - if Th> Tc: if Tpc <Text, select the first input d air from the distribution valve, otherwise select the second air inlet, - if Th <Tc: if Tpc> Text, select the first air inlet of the distribution valve, otherwise select the second air inlet, In which: Th is the temperature in the building, Tc is the set temperature for the building, Text is the outside air temperature, Tpc is the air temperature in the calorie exchange means. 2953001 -12- 11. A method of air conditioning a building using the air conditioning system according to one of claims 2 to 9 and comprising the following step: - if Th> Tc: select the first air outlet of the distribution valve and: if 5 Tpc <Text, select the first air inlet of the dispense valve, otherwise select the second air inlet, - if Th <Tc: select the second air outlet of the dispense valve and: if Tpc > Text, select the first air inlet of the dispense valve, otherwise select the second air inlet. 10 12. A method of cooling a building according to claim 10 or 11 using the air conditioning system according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises the following step: - if Th <Tc: select the first provision of the points d 15 air inlet and outlet, - if Th> Tc: select the second provision. 13. Building block used in an air conditioning system according to claim 8, comprising at least one upper face, one lower face, two end faces and two lateral faces, and further comprising a cavity opening through at least one opening. respective on the upper face, on the lower face and on each end face.