FR2942253A1 - Element for fastening tiles e.g. terracotta tiles, on roofs, has male part and female part respectively fixed on upper face and lower face of tiles, where male part and female part are assembled in removable manner - Google Patents

Abstract

The element has a male part (7) and a female part (6) respectively fixed on an upper face and a lower face of tiles (3). The male part and the female part are assembled in a removable manner, where the element is made of polymer material, thermoplastic material whose softening temperature is higher than 100 degree Celsius and requires force of insertion lower than 50 newtons. A surface of the male part and the female part is coated with an adhesive that is adhered on the tiles under the effect of pressure exerted by the weight of the tiles.

Description

Element for fixing a tile Technical field of the invention

The invention relates to roofs covered with slate or tiles made of terra-cotta, cement or glass. The invention more specifically relates to a device for fixing tiles to ensure improved holding of tiles in severe wind conditions. State of the art

A roof is generally formed of a frame made of large wood 15 and rafters arranged on the large woods and oriented in the axis of maximum inclination of the roof and finally the battens, perpendicular to the rafters. Other types of framework exist, including farmhouses, which consist of a multitude of small woods and battens. The tiles are placed on the battens. The tiles have for this, on their lower face and in the upper part of the tile, a geometry which includes fastening means on these battens. It is usually two nipples of a few centimeters in width and a few centimeters in height. Additional fixing means have been proposed. Patent CA329217 describes the fixing of a tile, in particular on the front, by means of a metal clamp between the tile and an element of the support of the tile. EP1522649 discloses a means for fixing a tile through a device screwed into the wood of the frame. Patent EP1152098 means for fixing a tile by means of a bracelet or collar provided with hooks at its ends, the hooks ensuring the grip on the tile. FR2360725 discloses a tile fixing means via a clip-shaped device and nailed in the woods of the frame. These devices have the disadvantage of being long to ask and require interaction with the frame. Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks and, in particular, a fastening element for a tile whose laying is very simple and which very effectively reinforces the resistance of the tiles in a violent wind condition, without any interaction with the roof. framework and without necessity a step of nailing or screwing in the woods of the frame.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of at least one fastening element which secures a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile, this fixing element being made in two parts, a part male and a female part, one of the two parts being fixed on the upper face of one of the two tiles and the other of the two parts being fixed on the underside of the other tile, the male part and the female part being dismountably assembled.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the two parts of the fastening element which secures a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile are glued on, respectively, the first tile and the second tile. .

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fastening element which secures a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile is made of a polymeric material. According to another embodiment of the invention, In the invention, the fastening element which secures a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile is made of a thermoplastic material whose softening temperature is greater than 100 ° C. According to a development of the invention, the fastening element which secures a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile requires an insertion force of less than 50 newtons.

According to another development of the invention, the fastening element which secures a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile requires an extraction force greater than 50 newtons.

15 Brief description of the drawings

Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention given as non-limiting examples and shown in the accompanying drawings. In which:

Figure 1 shows a set of tiles resting on battens. Figure 2 shows the detail of the geometry of a tile which includes means of attachment to the battens. Figure 3 shows in section the attachment of two tiles with a fastener according to the invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another geometry of tiles fastened with a fastener element according to the invention. FIG. 5 shows a view from above of the fixing of tiles according to the invention with a tile fastener. FIG. 6 represents in plan view the fixing of tiles according to the invention with two fastening elements by tile. Figure 7 shows in section an example of fastening element according to the invention. Description of particular embodiments.

A roof shown schematically in Figure 1 is formed of a frame consisting of 10 chevrons 1 oriented in the axis of maximum inclination of the roof and battens 2. perpendicular to the rafters. The tiles 3 are placed on the battens 2. The tiles have for this a geometry, shown schematically in Figure 2, consisting of a body 4 and, on the underside and in the upper part of the tile, fastening means 5 on 2. A fastening element according to the invention, schematized in FIGS. 3 and 4, of a tile on another tile which is partially superposed on it is composed of two parts, a male part and a female part. A first part 7, the male part or the female part, is fixed on the upper face and in the upper part of a first tile. The other part 6, complementary to the first part, is fixed on the lower face and in the lower part of a second tile. The fastener will have a thickness adapted to the geometry of the tile. In the case shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3, the fastening element will have a very small thickness, of the order of a few millimeters. In the case shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3, the fixing element may be placed in the groove structure designed to prevent the flow of water in the upper part of the lower tile. The fastener thus benefits from the hollow zone formed by these grooves to absorb part of its thickness. In the case shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4, the fastening element will have a thickness of up to a few centimeters.5 According to the invention, the male part and the female part can be dismountably assembled, this assembly being able to undergo at least three insertions. and three extractions without losing its mechanical characteristics to allow intervention on the tile roof without requiring the change of fasteners. According to a development of the invention, the fastener requires a force of less than 50 newtons to insert the male part of the fastener into the female part of the fastener, a force which can be easily exerted manual on a roof.

According to another development of the invention, the fastener requires a force greater than 50 newtons to extract the male part of the fastener element from the female part of the fastener, which is generally greater than the weight of the tile and thus allows to at least double the holding of the tile to a violent wind.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fastening element which secures a tile and the tile which is partially superimposed on it is made of a polymer material whose mechanical characteristics, in particular the insertion force and the extraction force. are stored in a temperature range of -30 ° C to + 80 ° C. Since the fixing element made of polymer material is not subjected to solar radiation, its characteristics will not be degraded by solar ultraviolet radiation. According to another embodiment of the invention, the fastening element which secures a tile and the tile which is partially superimposed on it is made of a thermoplastic polymer material whose softening temperature is greater than 100 ° C. The thermoplastic polymer may be chosen, and without limitation, from a polyethylene, a polypropylene, a polyamide, a polyester or a polyoxymethylene. According to another embodiment of the invention, the two parts of the fixing element are fixed by gluing on, respectively, a first tile and a second tile.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface of each of the two parts, male and female, which is intended to be in contact with the tile are coated with an adhesive which adheres to the tile under the effect of a pressure exerted by the weight of the tile.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface of each of the two parts, male and female, of the fastening element which is intended to be in contact with the tile is coated with a glue which adheres to the tile when the temperature is above a typical temperature of 40 ° C for a period of at least 30 minutes. The glue takes all its resistance to tearing.

According to one embodiment of the invention, several fastening elements are used to mechanically link a first tile and the two tiles that are superimposed on it. Figure 5 shows an arrangement in which a single tile fastener is used, this fastener being offset from the central axis of the tile. Figure 6 shows an arrangement in which two tile fasteners are used, these fasteners being positioned near the edges of the tile.

Example 1

A framework is made by assembling large woods on which are fixed rafters 3 of wood and on which are fixed battens 2. This frame is intended to be covered with tiles 3 terracotta, low curve and a surface such that ten tiles are needed per square meter of roof. The tiles 3 have two pins 5 which serve to maintain the tile 3 in position on the batten 2. The placement of the tiles is carried out by placing the tiles of the first row, that is to say on the first batten at the bottom of the frame.

For the placement of the tiles of the following rows, a polyamide fastener is used to mechanically removably bind two partially overlapping tiles. The insertion force of parts 6 and 7 of the fastener is typically 40 newtons and the extraction force of parts 6 and 7 of the fastener is typically 90 newtons. The surface of each of the two parts, male 8 and female 9, of the fixing element which is intended to be in contact with a tile is coated with a layer of adhesive. This layer of glue is protected by a plastic film which prevents adhesion of the glue before the laying operation.

When the tiles of the following rows are put in place, they rest on the one hand at the top on a batten and are held using the lugs 5, and secondly in the lower part of the row of previous tiles. Before the installation of a tile, a fixing element according to the invention, composed of its two parts 6 and 7 nested one inside the other, is positioned on the tile of the previous row after removing the film protection of both surfaces. The male part 8 is placed on the tile already in place. This fastener is positioned at a distance from the edge of the tile about a quarter of the width of the tile and a few centimeters, typically five centimeters, the top edge of the tile. The tile is then put in place and presses the adhesive layer of the upper part 6, female part, of the fastener.

Example 2 A framework is made by assembling large woods on which are fixed wood rafters 3 and on which are fixed battens 2. This frame is already covered with tiles 3 cement, low curve and a surface such that twelve tiles are needed per square meter of roof. The tiles 3 have two pins 5 which serve to hold the tile in position on the batten 2.

For each tile from the second row, two tile fasteners are used to mechanically and removably bind two partially overlapping tiles. The fasteners are made of polypropylene. The insertion force of parts 6 and 7 of the fastener is typically 30 newtons and the extraction force of parts 6 and 7 of the fastener is typically 60 newtons. The surface of each of the two parts, male and female, fasteners and intended to be in contact with a tile is pre-coated with a layer of adhesive. This adhesive is a so-called dry adhesive, that is to say which takes its bonding properties only when the temperature reaches 40 ° C and a slight pressure, typically 5 newtons, is applied to the contact surface with the tile for a typical thirty minutes. The establishment of the fastening elements according to the invention is carried out after all the tiles have been placed on the frame. For this a tile of the row n is slightly raised in its lower part and two fixing elements composed of their two parts 6 and 7 nested one inside the other are slipped between the two tiles of the row n-1 and this tile of row n. The male part 8 of the fixing element is placed facing the lower tile and the female part 9 facing the upper tile.

The intense bonding will occur as soon as the temperature of the roof reaches 40 ° C under the effect of solar radiation. The tiles will then be mechanically linked, thus presenting better resistance in the event of strong winds. The tiles, however, will remain easy to remove by exerting a force of at least 120 Newtons on the tile.

Claims (8)

Claims 1 Element for fixing a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile, characterized in that it is made in two parts, a male part and a female part, one of the two parts being fixed on the upper face of the first tile and the other of the two parts being fixed on the lower face of the second tile, the male part and the female part being dismountably assembled. 2. Element for fixing a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile according to claim 1 characterized in that the two male and female parts of the fixing element are glued on respectively the first tile and the second tile. 3. Element for fixing a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it is made of a polymeric material. 4. Element for fixing a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that it is made of a thermoplastic material whose softening temperature is greater than 100 ° C. 5. Element for fixing a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that it requires an insertion force of less than 50 newtons. 6. Element for fixing a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile according to any one of 9revendications 1 to 5 characterized in that it requires an extraction force greater than 50 newtons. 7. Element for fixing a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the surface of each of the two parts, male and female, which is intended to be in contact with a tile is coated with an adhesive which adheres to the tile under the effect of pressure exerted by the weight of the tile. 8. Element for fixing a first tile and a second tile which is partially superimposed on the first tile according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the surface of each of the two parts, male and female, which is intended to be in contact with a tile is coated with an adhesive which adheres to the tile when its temperature is above a temperature of 40 ° C and which then takes all its resistance to tearing.