FR2920982A1 - Composition for treating keratin materials, preferably human keratin fibers such as hair, comprises first cationic polymers, surfactants, second cationic polymers/amphoteric polymers, and solid particles of polymeric organic compounds - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition comprising in a cosmetically acceptable medium: (i) one or more cationic polymers obtained by polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising one or more vinyl monomers substituted with one or more amino groups, one or more vinyl monomers hydrophobic nonionic, one or more associative vinyl monomers, - (ii) one or more surfactants, - (iii) one or more cationic or amphoteric polymers other than the polymers (i), and (iv) one or more solid particles of The present invention also relates to a cosmetic treatment method implementing it and its use as a conditioning or conditioner shampoo.

Description

B07-2625FR GD / GL OA 07331 / FLB Anonyme known as: L'OREAL Cosmetic composition comprising at least one particular cationic polymer, at least one surfactant, at least one cationic or amphoteric polymer and at least one organic particle and treatment method cosmetic composition using said composition Invention of: FACK Géraldine Cosmetic composition comprising at least one particular cationic polymer, at least one surfactant, at least one cationic or amphoteric polymer and at least one organic particle and cosmetic treatment method using said composition

The present invention relates to a composition for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous substances, preferably human, in particular keratinous fibers, and more particularly hair, comprising (i) one or more particular cationic polymers, (ii) one or more surfactants, ( iii) one or more cationic or amphoteric polymers different from the polymers (i) and (iv) one or more polymeric organic solid particles. The present invention also relates to a process for treating keratin materials using said cosmetic composition and its use as a shampoo or conditioner.

For the cleaning and / or washing of keratin materials such as the hair, the use of detergent compositions (such as shampoos or conditioners) essentially based on conventional surfactants such as anionic, nonionic and / or or amphoteric, but more particularly of anionic type, is common. These compositions are applied to wet hair and the foam generated by massage or friction with the hands allows, after rinsing with water, the elimination of various soils originally present on the hair or skin. Although these base compositions have a good washing power, the intrinsic cosmetic properties attached to them remain rather low, in particular because the relatively aggressive nature of such a cleaning treatment can in the long run lead to the fibers capillary damage more or less marked especially related to the progressive elimination of lipids or proteins contained in or on the surface of the latter. Also for improving the cosmetic properties of the above compositions, and more particularly those which are to be applied to sensitized hair (ie hair which is damaged or weakened especially under the chemical action of atmospheric agents and / or hair treatments such as perms, dyes or discolorations), it is now customary to introduce in the latter additional cosmetic agents known as conditioning agents intended mainly to repair or limit the adverse or undesirable effects induced by the various treatments or aggression that they undergo. , more or less repeated, the hair fibers. These conditioning agents can of course also improve the cosmetic behavior of natural hair. Such conditioners provide the washed, dry or wet hair with ease of disentangling and significantly improved softness over what can be achieved with the cleaning compositions which are free of it. These agents are in particular water-soluble cationic or amphoteric polymers. Moreover, it is known to use in addition to these washing compositions particles such as pearlescent or pearlescent agents in order to impart an iridescent, moiré or metallized appearance or effect, agents which are insoluble in the medium, such as silicones. to improve the softness, the touch and disentangling of the hair or agents for the treatment of the scalp such as anti-dandruff or anti-falling agents. However, these particulate agents generally have the disadvantage of being difficult to maintain in regular dispersion or in solution in the medium, which can in particular lead to an increase in weight and tarnishing of the hair. Thus, it has been observed that these compositions can evolve substantially over time under normal storage conditions as a function of temperature, in particular as regards their viscosity as well as their visual appearance. In particular, these compositions often have a blurred visual appearance and a shooting texture at 45 ° C or at room temperature under normal storage conditions.

In addition, these compositions do not always have good properties of use because they are not sufficiently viscous to be able to remain a certain time on the hair without flowing. These compositions also flow easily between the fingers during their use.

To overcome these disadvantages, different types of natural or synthetic polymers have already been used in these washing compositions. Natural polymers, such as celluloses, generally lead to unstable washing compositions that have a cloudy appearance. In addition, these thickening polymers have the disadvantage of reducing the quality of the foam and the cosmetic performance of shampoos, including making hair more loaded and more rough. Moreover, the foam generated by these compositions does not develop easily either in speed or in abundance and is generally not sufficiently soft. Associative synthetic polymers are also conventionally used to stabilize and thicken the washing compositions, in particular anionic associative polymers such as anionic crosslinked acrylic polymers of the Carbopol or Pemulen type. Nevertheless, these polymers also have the disadvantage of reducing the cosmetic performance of shampoos, especially by making the hair more loaded and rougher. They may also have difficulty in use for pH lower than 6.

There is therefore a real need to develop cosmetic compositions, for example, a conditioner shampoo or a conditioner, based on particles and conditioning agents that do not have all of the disadvantages described above. that is to say which are stable over time, which have good properties of use as well as a satisfactory aesthetic appearance while conferring satisfactory cosmetic properties on keratin materials, in particular the hair and the scalp, and which may also be formulated at pHs below 6.

The Applicant has surprisingly discovered that it is possible to formulate compositions for the cosmetic treatment of keratin materials, having the desired properties, comprising one or more surfactants, one or more particular cationic polymers as defined below. , one or more cationic or amphoteric polymers different from the preceding and one or more polymeric organic solid particles. Indeed, it has been found that the use of said specific cationic polymer in such compositions makes it possible to improve the texture and the stability of the shampoos and conditioners while conferring on the keratinous substances and more particularly on the hair, improved cosmetic properties. especially at the level of detangling, flexibility, malleability, swelling and shine. In particular, the storage stability of the compositions according to the invention is improved both at room temperature (20-25 ° C) and at 45 ° C, in particular in terms of their visual appearance and their viscosity. Stable in the sense of the present invention is understood to mean that the visual appearance as well as the viscosity of these compositions do not change substantially over time under normal storage conditions, for example during the 12, preferably 24 and more preferably 30 months at room temperature or for 2 months at 45 ° C after their manufacture. The improved texture allows the product, once deposited, on the hair to remain a certain time without flowing. This improved texture even gelled, allows the use of smaller amounts of products. Such compositions also have a homogeneous texture.

The compositions thus obtained have good properties of use, that is to say that these compositions can flow and distribute more easily over the entire hair. The compositions obtained also have good foam qualities, especially in terms of start, abundance, softness and consistency. The present invention relates in particular to a composition for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous substances, preferably human, in particular keratin fibers, and more particularly hair, comprising in a cosmetically acceptable medium: (i) one or more cationic polymers obtained by polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising one or more vinyl monomers substituted by one or more amino groups, one or more hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomers, and one or more associative vinyl monomers, - (ii) one or more surfactants, - (iii) one or more cationic or amphoteric polymers different from the polymers (i), and - (iv) one or more solid particles of one or more polymeric organic compounds. It also relates to a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous substances, preferably human, in particular keratinous fibers, and more particularly hair, using the composition according to the invention. It also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention as a shampoo conditioner or conditioner. Other objects and features, aspects and advantages of the invention will emerge even more clearly on reading the description and examples which follow. By keratin materials, we include the hair, eyelashes, eyebrows, skin, nails, mucous membranes or scalp and more particularly the hair and keratin fibers, we understand the hair, eyelashes, eyebrows.

One of the essential features of the invention is the presence of a cationic polymer (i) which is obtained by polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising one or more vinyl monomers substituted with one or more amino groups, one or more monomers. hydrophobic nonionic vinyls and one or more associative vinyl monomers. Preferably, the cationic polymers (i) are thickening polymers. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "thickening polymer" is understood to mean a polymer which introduces at 1% into an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solution containing 30% of ethanol and at pH = 7, makes it possible to reach a viscosity of at least 100 cps at 25 ° C and a shear rate of 1s'. This viscosity can be measured using a cone / plane viscometer (Haake R600 Rheometer or the like). Preferably, these polymers increase by their presence the viscosity of the compositions in which they are introduced by at least 50 cps at 25 ° C and a shear rate of 1s'. The cationic polymer (s) (i) used in the composition according to the invention, and their manufacturing process, are described in particular in International Application WO 2004/024779.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "vinyl monomer" means a monomer comprising at least one group ROCH = C (Ro) -, in which each Ro is independently H, a C 1 -C 30 alkyl group, -000H, -CO-ORO group. ', -O-CO-Ro', -CO-NHR0 ', or -CONRo'Ro ", Ro' and Ro" representing a C1-C30 alkyl group.

Thus, for example, within the meaning of the present invention, (meth) acrylates and (meth) acrylamides are vinyl monomers. The vinyl monomers substituted with one or more amino groups that can be used for the preparation of the cationic polymer (i) used in the composition according to the invention are ethylenically unsaturated, basic and polymerizable monomers. The amino groups may be derived from monoalkyl, di- or polyamino groups, or from heteroaromatic groups containing a nitrogen atom. The amino groups may be primary, secondary or tertiary amines. These monomers can be used in the form of amine or in the form of salt. Preferably, the vinyl monomer (s) substituted with one or more amino groups are chosen from: (meth) acrylates of mono (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) amino (C 1 -C 8 alkyl), the (meth) acrylates of di (C 1 -C 4) alkylamino (C 1 -C 8) alkyl, preferably di (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) alkylamino (C 1 -C 6) alkyl, mono- (C 1 -C 6) alkyl; C4) amino (C1-C8) alkyl (meth) acrylamides, - di (C1-C4) alkylamino (C1-C8) alkyl (meth) acrylamides, - (meth) acrylamides containing an atomic heterocyclic group nitrogen, - (meth) acrylates containing heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, - nitrogen heterocycles with vinyl group (s), - and mixtures thereof. As vinyl monomers substituted with one or more preferred amino groups, mention may be made of: mono- or di-C 1 -C 4 alkylamino (C 1 -C 4) alkyl (meth) acrylates, such as 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl meth) acrylate, 3- (N, N-dimethylamino) propyl (meth) acrylate, 4- (N, N-dimethylamino) butyl (meth) acrylate, (N, N-dimethylamino) -t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (N, N-diethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 3- (N, N-diethylamino) (meth) acrylate propyl, 4- (N, N-diethylamino) butyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (N, N-dipropylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 3- (N, N-dipropylamino) (meth) acrylate ) propyl and 4- (N, N-dipropylamino) butyl (meth) acrylate; mono- or di-C 1 -C 4 alkylamino (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) - (meth) acrylamides such as N '- (2-N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylamide and N - (3-N, N-dimethylamino) propyl acrylamide; (meth) acrylamides or (meth) acrylates containing a heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, such as N- (2-pyridyl) acrylamide, N- (2-imidazolyl) methacrylamide, 2- (4) methacrylate; morpholinyl) ethyl, 2- (4-morpholinyl) ethyl acrylate, N- (4-morpholinyl) methacrylamide and N- (4-morpholinyl) acrylamide; and nitrogen heterocycles with vinyl group (s) such as 2-vinylpyridine and 4-vinylpyridine. When the monomers are in the form of salts, they may be inorganic salts, such as the hydrochloride, sulfate and phosphate salts; or salts of organic acids, such as acetate, maleate and fumarate salts. Vinyl monomers substituted with one or more particularly preferred amino groups are: 3- (N, N-dimethylamino) propyl (meth) acrylate, - N '- (3-N, N-dimethylamino) propyl (meth) acrylamide, 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (N, N-diethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (N-dimethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate; butylamino) ethyl, 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) propyl (meth) acrylamide, and 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) neopentyl acrylate.

The vinyl monomer (s) substituted with one or more amino groups generally represent from 10 to 70% by weight, preferably from 20 to 60% by weight, better still from 30 to 40% by weight, relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture. . The hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer or monomers that can be used for the preparation of the cationic polymer (i) used in the composition according to the invention are generally chosen from the compounds corresponding to formula (I) or (II): (I) CH 2 = C (X) Z, (II) CH2 = CH-OC (O) R;

in which formulas (I) and (II): X represents H or a methyl group; Z is selected from C (O) OR ', -C (O) NH2, -C (O) NHR', -C (O) N (R ') 2, -C6H5, -C6H4R', -C6H4OR ' , -C6H4Cl, -CN, -NHC (O) CH3, -NHC (O) H, N- (2-pyrrolidonyl), N-caprolactamyl, -C (O) NHC (CH3) 3, -C (O) NHCH2CH2 -NH-CH2CH2-urea, -SiR3, -C (O) O (CH2) XSiR3, -C (O) NH (CH2) XSiR3 and (CH2) XSiR3; x represents an integer ranging from 1 to 6; each R is independently C 1 -C 30 alkyl; each R 'independently represents a C1-C30 alkyl group, a C2-C30 alkyl group hydroxylated, or a halogenated C1-C30 alkyl group. Mention may in particular be made of (C 1 -C 30) alkyl (meth) acrylates; (C 1 -C 30) alkyl (meth) acrylamides; styrene, substituted styrenes and in particular vinyltoluene (or 2-methylstyrene), butylstyrene, isopropylstyrene, para-chlorostyrene; vinyl esters and in particular vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl caprolate, vinyl pivalate and vinyl neodecanoate;

Preferably, the hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer or monomers are chosen from esters of acrylic acid and of C1-C30 alkyl, esters of methacrylic acid and of C1-C30 alkyl, and mixtures thereof, such as ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof. The hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer or monomers generally represent from 20 to 80% by weight, preferably from 20 to 70% by weight, better still from 50 to 65% by weight, relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture. The associative vinyl monomer (s) used for the preparation of the cationic polymer (i) used in the composition according to the unsaturated nitriles and in particular (meth) acrylonitrile and acrylonitrile; and unsaturated silanes and in particular trimethylvinylsilane, dimethylethylvinylsilane, allyldimethylphenylsilane, allyltrimethylsilane, 3-acrylamidopropyltrimethylsilane and 3-trimethylsilylpropyl methacrylate. the invention are generally selected from compounds having an ethylenically unsaturated end (i ') for the addition polymerization with other monomers of the system, a central portion (ii') polyoxyalkylene to impart properties hydrophilic polymers, and a hydrophobic end (iii ') for imparting selective hydrophobic properties to the polymers. The ethylenically unsaturated end (i ') of the associative vinyl monomer or monomers is preferably derived from a mono- or di-carboxylic acid or anhydride having unsaturated α, β-ethylenic unsaturation (s). (s), preferably a C3 or C4 mono or dicarboxylic acid or anhydride. Alternatively, the end (i ') of the associative monomer may be derived from an allylic ether or a vinyl ether; a vinyl substituted urethane nonionic monomer as disclosed in US Reissue Patent No. 33,156 or US Patent No. 5,294,692; or a vinyl-substituted urea reaction product as disclosed in US Patent 5,011,978. The central portion (ii ') of the associative vinyl monomer (s) is preferably a polyoxyalkylene segment comprising 5 to 250, more preferably 10 to 120, and more preferably 15 to 60 C 2 -C 7 alkylene oxide units. Preferred central portions (ii ') are polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, and polyoxybutylene segments comprising from 5 to 150, preferably from 10 to 100, and more preferably from 15 to 60 ethylene, propylene or butylene oxide units, and random or non-random ethylene oxide units, propylene oxides or butylene oxides. Preferably, the central portions are polyoxyethylene segments. The hydrophobic end (iii ') of the at least one associative vinyl monomer is preferably a hydrocarbon moiety selected from a linear C8-C40 alkyl group, an aryl-substituted C2-C4 alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with an C2-C40 alkyl group, C8-C40 branched alkyl group, C8-C40 alicyclic group, and C8-C80 complex ester.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "complex ester" means any ester other than a simple ester. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "simple ester" means any linear or branched and unsubstituted C1-C30 saturated aliphatic alcohol ester. Examples of hydrophobic ends (iii ') of the associative vinyl monomer (s) are linear or branched alkyl groups having from 8 to 40 carbon atoms, such as capryl (C8), isooctyl (branched C8), decyl (C10) groups. ), lauryl (C12), myristyl (C14), cetyl (C16), cetearyl (C16-C18), stearyl (C18), isostearyl (branched C18), arachidyl (C20), behenyl (C22), lignoceryl (C24), cerotyl (C26), montanyl (C28), melyssile (C30) and lacceryl (C32). Examples of linear or branched alkyl groups having 8 to 40 carbon atoms and derived from a natural source are in particular the alkyl groups derived from hydrogenated peanut oil, soybean oil, canola oil ( predominantly C18), and C16-C18 hydrogenated tallow oil; and C10-C30 hydrogenated terpenols, such as hydrogenated geraniol (branched Cio), hydrogenated farnesol (branched C15) and hydrogenated phytol (branched C20).

Examples of C 2 -C 40 alkyl-substituted phenyl are octylphenyl, nonylphenyl, decylphenyl, dodecylphenyl, hexadecylphenyl, octadecylphenyl, isooctylphenyl and sec-butylphenyl. C 8 -C 40 alicyclic groups may be, for example, groups derived from sterols of animal origin, such as cholesterol, lanosterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol; or groups derived from plant-derived sterols, such as phytosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol; or sterol derivatives derived from microorganisms, such as ergosterol and mycrosterol. Other alicyclic groups useful in the present invention are, for example, cyclooctyl, cyclododecyl, adamantyl and decahydronaphthyl, and groups derived from natural alicyclic compounds such as pinene, hydrogenated retinol, camphor and isobornyl alcohol.

Alkyl-substituted C 2 -C 40 alkyl groups may be, for example, a 2-phenylethyl group, a 2,4-diphenylbutyl group, a 2,4,6-triphenylhexyl group, a 4-phenylbutyl group, a group 2-methyl-2-phenylethyl and 2,4,6-tri (1-phenylethyl) phenyl. As complex esters of C 8 -C 80, preferably C 8 -C 40, which can be used as the end (iii '), there may be mentioned hydrogenated castor oil (mainly triglyceride of 12-hydroxystearic acid); 1,2-diacylglycerols such as 1,2-distearylglycerol, 1,2-dipalmitylglycerol, 1,2-dimyristylglycerol; sugar di-, tri- or polyesters such as 3,4,6-tristearylglucose, 2,3-dilaurylfructose; and sorbitan esters such as those disclosed in US Patent 4,600,761. The associative vinyl monomers that can be used according to the invention can be prepared by any method known in the prior art. For example, US Pat. Nos. 4,421,902, US 4,384,096, US 4,514,552, US 4,600,761, US 4,616,074, US 5,294,692, US 5,292,843; US 5,770,760 and US 5,412,142. Preferably, the associative vinyl monomer (s) that can be used according to the invention are chosen from the compounds of formula (III): R 2

Wherein R 2 is independently H, methyl, -C (O) OH, or -C (O) OR 3; embedded image wherein R 2 is independently H, methyl, -C (O) OH, or -C (O) OR 3; R3 represents a C1-C30 alkyl group; A is CH2C (O) O-, -C (O) O-, -O-, -CH2O-, -NHC (O) NH-, -C (O) NH-, -Ar- (CE2) z -NHC (O) O-, -Ar- (CE2) z-NHC (O) NH- or -CH2CH2-NHC (O) -; Ar represents an arylene group; E represents H or a methyl group; z is 0 or 1; k is an integer from 0 to 30; m is 0 or 1, with the proviso that when k = 0, m = 0, and when k varies from 1 to 30, m is 1; (R4-O) - represents a polyoxyalkylene group, which is a homopolymer, a random copolymer, or a block copolymer, having C2-C4 oxyalkylene units, R4 represents -C2H4-, -C3H6-, -C4H8- or their mixtures, n is an integer ranging from 5 to 250, Y rerpesent R4O-, -R4NH-, -C (O) -, -C (O) NH-, R4NHC (O) NH-, or C (0) NHC ( 0) -; R5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group chosen from C8-C40 linear alkyl groups, C8-C40 branched alkyl groups, C8-C40 alicyclic groups, and C2-C40 alkyl-substituted phenyl groups, C2-C40 alkyl groups substituted by an aryl group, and the complex C8-C80 esters, the alkyl group R5 optionally comprising one or more substituents chosen from hydroxyl, alkoxyl and halogen groups. Preferably, the associative vinyl monomer or monomers are chosen from polyethoxylated cetyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated cetearyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated stearyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated arachidyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated behenyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated lauryl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated cerotyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated montanyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated melissyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of poly (ethoxy) 2,4,6-tri (1-phenylethyl) phenyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of hydrogenated castor oil, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of polyethoxylated meth) acrylates of cholesterol and mixtures thereof, wherein the polyethoxylated portion of the monomer comprises from 5 to 100, preferably from 10 to 80, and more preferably from 15 to 60, ethylene oxide units no. More particularly, the one or more associative vinyl monomers are chosen from polyethoxylated cetyl methacrylates, polyethoxylated cetearyl methacrylates, polyethoxylated stearyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated arachidyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of behenyl, the polyethoxylated lauryl (meth) acrylates, wherein the polyethoxylated portion of the monomer comprises from 10 to 80, preferably from 15 to 60 and more preferably from 20 to 40 ethylene oxide units. Preferably, the associative vinyl monomer (s) represent (s) from 0.001 to 25% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 15% by weight and better still from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the monomer mixture. Preferably, the monomer mixture for obtaining cationic polymers (i) additionally contains one or more semi-hydrophobic monomers. The semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer (s) optionally present in the monomer mixture can moderate the associative properties of the cationic associative polymers which contain them, thus producing aqueous gels having a very good texture and very good rheological properties. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer" means a structure similar to an associative monomer, but which has a substantially non-hydrophobic end and thus does not confer associative property on the polymers. The associative property of a polymer is related to the property in a given medium of the molecules of said polymer to associate with each other or to associate with molecules of a coagent (generally a surfactant) which results in in a certain range of concentrations at a further increase in the viscosity of the medium. The semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer or monomers are generally compounds having two parts: an unsaturated end group to allow addition polymerization with the other monomers of the reaction mixture, and (ii ") a polyoxyalkylene group to attenuate the associations between the hydrophobic groups of the polymer or the hydrophobic groups of the other materials optionally present in the composition containing the polymer The end providing the vinyl or ethylenic unsaturation for the addition polymerization is preferably derived from a mono or mono acid or anhydride. α-13-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, preferably a C 3 -C 4 mono- or di-carboxylic acid, or an anhydride of this acid, Alternatively, the end (i ") may be derived from an allylic ether. , a vinyl ether or a nonionic unsaturated urethane.

The polymerizable unsaturated end (i ") may also be derived from a C8-C30 unsaturated fatty acid containing at least one free carboxy functional group This C8-C30 group is part of the unsaturated end and is different from the hydrophobic groups during associative monomers, which are separated from the unsaturated end of the associative monomer by a hydrophilic spacer group The (ii ") polyoxyalkylene moiety comprises a long chain polyoxyalkylene segment, which is substantially similar to the hydrophilic portion of the associative monomers. Preferred polyoxyalkylene (ii ") moieties include C2-C4 polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, and polyoxybutylene moieties comprising from 5 to 250, preferably from 10 to 100, oxyalkylene units Where the semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer comprises more than one type of oxyalkylene pattern, these patterns can be arranged in random sequence, non-random, or block.

Preferably, the semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer or monomers are chosen from the compounds of formulas (IV) or (V): R6

## STR5 ## in which formulas (IV) and (V): each of the following formulas (R 8 -O), R 9 (V), wherein R (CH 2) p (R) -O (R 8 -O) R6 is independently H, C1-C30 alkyl, -C (O) OH, or -C (O) OR7; R7 represents a C1-C30 alkyl group; A is -CH2C (O) O-, -C (O) O-, -O-, -CH2O-, -NHC (O) NH-, -C (O) NH-, -Ar- (CE2) z-NHC (O) O-, -Ar- (CE2) z-NHC (O) NH- or -CH2CH2NHC (O) -; Ar represents an arylene group; E represents H or a methyl group; z is 0 or 1; p is an integer from 0 to 30; r is 0 or 1, with the proviso that when p is 0, r is 0, and when p varies from 1 to 30, r is 1, (R8-O) represents a polyoxyalkylene group which is a homopolymer, a random copolymer, or a block copolymer with C2-C4 oxyalkylene units, wherein R8 is -C2H4-, -C3H6-, -C4H8- or mixtures thereof, and v is an integer ranging from 5 to 250; R9 represents H or a C1-C4 alkyl group; D represents a C8-C30 alkenyl group or a C8-C30 alkenyl group substituted by a carboxy group. Particularly preferably, the monomer mixture comprises a semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer having one of the following formulas:

CH2 = CH-O (CH2) aO (C3H60) b (C2H40) CH or CH2 = CHCH2O (C3H6O) d (C2H4O) eH;

in which: a is 2, 3, or 4; b is an integer from 1 to 10; c is an integer from 5 to 50; d is an integer from 1 to 10; and e is an integer ranging from 5 to 50. Preferred semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomers are, for example, the polymerizable emulsifiers sold under the references EMULSOGEN R109, R208, R307, RAL109, RAL208 and RAL307 by the company CLARIANT; BX-AA-E5P5 sold by the company BIMAX; and the MAXEMUL 5010 and 5011 marketed by the company UNIQEMA. Particularly preferred monomers are EMULSOGEN R208, R307 and RAL 307. According to the manufacturers: EMULSOGEN R109 is a random ethoxylated / propoxylated 1,4-butanediol vinyl ether having the empirical formula CH2 = CH-O (CH2) 40 ( C3H6O) 4 (C2H4O) 10H; EMULSOGEN R208 which is a random ethoxylated / propoxylated 1,4-butanediol vinyl ether having the empirical formula CH2 = CH-O (CH2) 4O (C3H6O) 4 (C2H4O) 20H; EMULSOGEN R307 which is a random ethoxylated / propoxylated 1,4-butanediol vinyl ether having the empirical formula CH2 = CH-O (CH2) 40 (C3H6O) 4 (C2H4O) 30H; EMULSOGEN RAL 109 which is a random ethoxylated / propoxylated allylic ether having the empirical formula CH2 = CHCH2-O (C3H6O) 4 (C2H4O) 10H; EMULSOGEN RAL 208 which is a random ethoxylated / propoxylated allylic ether having the empirical formula CH2 = CHCH2-O (C3H6O) 4 (C2H4O) 20H; EMULSOGEN RAL 307 which is a random ethoxylated / propoxylated allylic ether having the empirical formula CH2 = CHCH2-O (C3H6O) 4 (C2H4O) 30H; MAXEMUL 5010 which is a hydrophobic carboxylated C12-C15 alkenyl, ethoxylated with 24 units of ethylene oxide, MAXEMUL 5011 which is a hydrophobic carboxylated C12-C15 alkenyl, ethoxylated with 34 ethylene oxide units; and BX-AA-E5P5 which is a random ethoxylated / propoxylated allylic ether having the empirical formula: CH2 = CHCH2-O (C3H6O) (C2H4O) 5H. The amount of the semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer (s) used in the preparation of the cationic thickening polymers can vary widely and depends, inter alia, on the final rheological properties desired for the polymer. It varies from 0 to 25% by weight, better still from 0.01 to 25% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture.

The cationic polymer (s) (i) used in the composition according to the invention are prepared from a monomer mixture which may contain one or more hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomers. These monomers are ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising one or more hydroxyl substituents. As hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomers, mention may be made of (C 1 -C 6) hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, preferably C 1 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). ), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA) and 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate; (C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl) (meth) acrylamides, such as N- (2-hydroxyethyl) methacrylamide, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide, N- (3-hydroxypropyl) acrylamide and N- (2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide; 3-dihydroxypropyl) acrylamide; and their mixtures. Mention may also be made of allyl alcohol, the monoallyl ether of glycerol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, the precursors of vinyl alcohol and their equivalents, such as vinyl acetate. When they are present, the hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomer (s) generally represent up to 10% by weight of the total weight of the monomer mixture. I1 (s) represents (s) therefore from 0 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the monomer mixture. Preferably, the hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomer or monomers represent from 0.01 to 10% by weight, better still from 1 to 8%, and still from 1 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture. The cationic polymer (s) (i) used in the composition according to the invention are prepared from a monomer mixture which may comprise one or more crosslinking monomers for introducing branching and controlling the molecular weight.

Useful polyunsaturated crosslinking agents are well known in the state of the art. Monounsaturated compounds having a reactive group capable of crosslinking a copolymer formed before, during or after the polymerization can also be used. Other usable crosslinking monomers may be polyfunctional monomers containing multiple reactive groups such as epoxide groups, isocyanates and hydrolyzable silane groups. Many polyunsaturated compounds can be used to generate a partially or substantially crosslinked three-dimensional network. Examples of polyunsaturated crosslinking monomers which may be used are, for example, polyunsaturated aromatic monomers, such as divinylbenzene, divinylnaphthylene and trivinylbenzene; polyunsaturated alicyclic monomers, such as 1,2,4-trivinylcyclohexane; difunctional esters of phthalic acid such as diallyl phthalate; polyunsaturated aliphatic monomers, such as dienes, trienes and tetraenes, especially isoprene, butadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,5,9-decatriene, 1,9-decadiene and 1, Heptadiene. Other polyunsaturated crosslinking monomers which can be used are, for example, polyalkenyl ethers, such as triallylpentaerythritol, diallylpentaerythritol, diallylsucrose, octaallylsucrose and diallylether of trimethylolpropane; polyunsaturated esters of polyalcohols or polyacids, such as 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, tetramethylene tri (meth) acrylate, allyl acrylate, diallyl itaconate, diallyl fumarate diallyl maleate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate and polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate; alkylenebisacrylamides such as methylenebisacrylamide and propylenebisacrylamide; hydroxylated and carboxylated derivatives of methylene-bisacrylamide, such as N, N'-bismethylol-methylene-bisacrylamide; polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylates, such as ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate and triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate; polyunsaturated silanes such as dimethyl-divinylsilane, methyltrivinylsilane, allyldimethylvinylsilane, diallyldimethylsilane and tetravinylsilane; polyunsaturated stannanes such as tetraallyltin and diallyldimethyltin. Suitable monounsaturated crosslinking monomers bearing a reactive group may be N-methylolacrylamides; N-alkoxy (meth) acrylamides, wherein the alkoxy group has from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and unsaturated hydrolysable silanes such as triethoxyvinylsilane, tris-isopropoxyvinylsilane and 3-triethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate. Useful polyfunctional crosslinking monomers containing more than one reactive group may be, for example, hydrolysable silanes such as ethyltriethoxysilane and ethyltrimethoxysilane; epoxidized hydrolysable silanes such as 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltriethoxysilane and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; polyisocyanates such as 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,4-phenylenediisocyanate and 4,4'-oxybis (phenyl isocyanate); unsaturated epoxides such as glycidyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether; polyepoxides such as diglycidyl ether, 1,2,5,6-diepoxyhexane, and ethylene glyclycidyl glycidyl ether.

Particularly useful polyunsaturated crosslinking monomers are ethoxylated polyols, such as diols, triols and bisphenols, ethoxylated with from 2 to 100 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of hydroxyl functional group and terminated by a polymerizable unsaturated group such as a vinyl ether, an allyl ether, an acrylate ester or a methacrylate ester. Such crosslinking monomers may be, for example, ethoxylated dimethacrylate of biphenol A, ethoxylated dimethacrylate of biphenol F, and ethoxylated trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.

Other ethoxylated crosslinking monomers which can be used in the present invention are, for example, the crosslinking agents derived from the ethoxylated polyols disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,140,435. Particularly preferred examples of crosslinking monomers are acrylate and methacrylate esters of polyols having at least two acrylate or methacrylate ester groups, such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), trimethylolpropane dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (30) (EOBDMA). When they are present, the crosslinking monomer (s) preferably represent at most 5% by weight relative to the weight of the monomer mixture. According to a preferred embodiment, the crosslinking monomers are present in a content ranging from 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 2% by weight, better still from 0.1 to 1% by weight relative to the weight. total of the monomer mixture.

The monomer mixture may further contain one or more chain transfer agents. Chain transfer agents are well known compounds of the state of the art. Mention may in particular be made of thiolated compounds, disulfide compounds, such as C 1 -C 18 mercaptans, mercaptocarboxylic acids, mercaptocarboxylic acid esters, thioesters, (C 1 -C 18) alkyl disulfides, aryldisulfides, polyfunctional thiols; phosphites and hypophosphites; haloalkane compounds, such as carbon tetrachloride, bromotrichloromethane; and unsaturated chain transfer agents, such as alpha-methylstyrenes. Polyfunctional thiols are, for example, trifunctional thiols, such as trimethylolpropane-tris- (3-mercaptopropionate), tetrafunctional thiols, such as pentaerythritol-tetra- (3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol-tetra (thioglycolate). and pentaerythritol tetra (thiolactate); hexafunctional thiols, such as pentaerythritol-hexa- (thioglyconate). Alternatively, the chain transfer agent (s) may be catalytic chain transfer agents that reduce the molecular weight of the addition polymers in the free radical polymerization of the vinyl monomers. There may be mentioned, for example, cobalt complexes, especially cobalt (II) chelates. Catalytic chain transfer agents can often be used at low concentrations compared with thiolated chain transfer agents. Particularly preferably, octyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, tdodecyl mercaptan, hexadecyl mercaptan, octadecyl mercaptan (ODM), isooctyl 3- mercaptopropionate (IMP), butyl 3-mercaptopropionate, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, butyl thioglycolate, isooctyl thioglycolate, dodecyl thioglycolate. When (s) is (are) present, the chain transfer agent (s) are added to the monomer mixture preferably up to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture. Preferably, the chain transfer agent or agents represent from 0.1% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of monomers. The monomer mixture for the preparation of the cationic polymer (i) used in the composition according to the invention may comprise one or more polymeric stabilizing agents for obtaining stable dispersions or emulsions. Preferably, the stabilizing polymers are soluble in water. Mention may be made, for example, of synthetic polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohols, partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetates, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamides, polymethacrylamides, carboxylated addition polymers, polyalkyl vinyl ethers; natural water-soluble polymers, such as gelatin, peptines, alginates, casein; modified natural polymers, such as methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, allyl hydroxyethylcelluloses.

The polymeric stabilizing agents are used in an amount at most equal to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture, preferably in an amount of between 0.0001 and 1% by weight, better still between 0.01 and 0. , 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture. According to a preferred embodiment, the monomer mixture comprises, based on the total weight of the monomer mixture: a) from 10 to 70% by weight of one or more vinyl monomers substituted by one or more amino groups, b) from 20 to 80% by weight of one or more hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomers, c) from 0.001 to 25% by weight of one or more associative vinyl monomers, d) from 0 to 25% by weight of one or more monomers semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactants, e) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomers, f) from 0 to 5% by weight of one or more crosslinking monomers, g) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more chain transfer agents, and h) from 0 to 2% by weight of one or more polymeric stabilizers. Even more preferably, the monomer mixture comprises, based on the total weight of the monomer mixture: a) from 20 to 60% by weight of the vinyl monomer or monomers substituted by one or more amino groups, b) from 20 to 70 % by weight of the hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer (s), c) from 0.01 to 15% by weight of the vinylic associative monomer (s), d) from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the semi-hydrophobic vinylic surfactant monomer (s) e) from 0.01 to 10% by weight of the hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomer (s), f) from 0.001 to 5% by weight of the crosslinking monomer (s), g) from 0.001 to 10% by weight of the chain transfer, and h) from 0 to 2% by weight of the polymeric stabilizing agent (s). According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the monomer mixture for the preparation of the cationic polymer (i) used in the composition according to the invention comprises, relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture: a) from 20 to 50% by weight one or more vinyl monomers substituted with one or more amino groups chosen from: - 3- (N, N-dimethylamino) propyl (meth) acrylate, - N '- (3-N, N-dimethylamino) propyl (meth) acrylamide, 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (N, N-diethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (meth) acrylate, (tert-butylamino) ethyl, 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) propyl (meth) acrylamide, and 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) neopentyl acrylate, b) from 50 to 65% by weight one or more hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomers selected from esters of acrylic acid and C1-C30 alkyl, esters of methacrylic acid and C1-C30 alkyl, and mixtures thereof, c) d e 0.1 to 10% by weight of one or more associative vinyl monomers selected from polyethoxylated cetyl methacrylates, polyethoxylated cetearyl methacrylates, polyethoxylated stearyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated arachidyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated behenyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated lauryl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated cerotyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated montanyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated melissyl (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylates polyethoxylated lacceryl, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of 2,4,6-tri (1-phenylethyl) phenyl, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of hydrogenated castor oil, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of canola, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of cholesterol and mixtures thereof; d) from 0.1 to 10% by weight of one or more semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomers having one of the following formulas:

CH2 = CH-O (CH2) aO (C3H6O) b (C2H4O) cH or CH2 = CHCH2O (C3H6O) d (C2H4O) eH

in which: a is 2, 3, or 4; b is an integer from 1 to 10; c is an integer from 5 to 50; d is an integer from 1 to 10; and e is an integer from 5 to 50, e) up to 10% by weight of one or more hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomers, f) up to 5% by weight of one or more crosslinking monomers, g ) up to 10% by weight of one or more chain transfer agents, and h) up to 2% by weight of one or more polymeric stabilizers.

The cationic polymers (i) that are even more preferred according to the invention are polymers resulting from the polymerization of the following monomer mixture: a di (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) amino methacrylate (C 1 -C 6 alkyl), one or several C 1 -C 30 alkyl esters and (meth) acrylic acid; C 10 -C 30 alkyl methacrylate polyethoxylated with 20 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide; polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol allyl ether 30/5, - hydroxy (C2-C6) alkyl methacrylate, - ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

Among the cationic polymers (i) used in the composition according to the invention, mention may be made in particular of the compound sold by Noveon under the name AQUA CC and which corresponds to the name INCI POLYACRYLATE-1 CROSSPOLYMER. POLYACRYLATE-1 CROSSPOLYMER is the product of the polymerization of a mixture of monomers comprising: - a di (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) amino methacrylate amino (C 1 -C 6) alkyl, - one or more C 1 -C 4 alkyl esters -C30 and (meth) acrylic acid; polyethylene oxide C10-C30 alkyl methacrylate (20-25 moles of ethylene oxide unit); polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol allyl ether 30/5; hydroxy (C2-C6) alkyl methacrylate; and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. The cationic polymer (s) (i) used in the compositions according to the invention generally represent from 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 5% by weight, and better still from 0.1 to 1% by weight. weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The cationic polymer (s) (i) used in the composition according to the invention may be prepared by conventional polymerization techniques, such as emulsion polymerization, as is well known in the polymer field. The polymerization can be carried out by simple batch process, by controlled addition process, or the reaction can be initiated in a small reactor and then the mass of the monomers can be added in a controlled manner to the reactor (inoculation process). Generally, the polymerization is conducted at a reaction temperature of 20 to 80 ° C even though higher or lower temperatures may be used. To facilitate the emulsification of the monomer mixture, the emulsion polymerization is carried out in the presence of a surfactant present in an amount ranging from 1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 8% by weight, better still from 5 to 7% by weight. % by weight, based on the total weight of the emulsion. The emulsion polymerization reaction medium also comprises one or more radical initiators, preferably in an amount varying from 0.01 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the monomer mixture. The polymerization may be carried out in an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic medium at a neutral or slightly alkaline pH. In a typical polymerization, the monomer mixture is added with stirring to a solution of emulsifying surfactants, such as a nonionic surfactant, preferably a linear or branched alcohol ethoxylate, or a mixture of nonionic and anionic surfactants, such as that fatty alcohol sulfates or fatty alcohol alkyl sulfonates, in a suitable amount of water, in a suitable reactor, to prepare the monomer emulsion. The emulsion is deoxygenated by any known method, and then the polymerization reaction is initiated by adding a polymerization catalyst (initiator) such as sodium persulfate, or any other suitable addition polymerization catalyst, as is well known. in the field of polymers. The reaction mixture is stirred until the polymerization is complete, generally for a period ranging from 4 hours to 16 hours. The monomer emulsion may be heated to a temperature between 20 and 80 ° C prior to the addition of the initiator, if desired. The amount of unreacted monomers can be removed by adding an additional amount of catalyst. The resulting polymer emulsion can be removed from the reactor and packaged for storage or use. Optionally, the pH or other physical or chemical characteristics of the emulsion can be adjusted before removing the emulsion from the reactor. Generally, the emulsion produced has a total solids content of between 10 and 40% by weight. Generally, the total amount of polymers in the emulsion obtained varies between 15 and 35% by weight, generally at most 25% by weight. Surfactants suitable for facilitating emulsion polymerization may be nonionic, anionic, amphoteric or cationic surfactants, or mixtures thereof. Most often, nonionic or anionic surfactants or mixtures thereof are used. All types of nonionic, anionic, amphoteric or cationic surfactants conventionally used in emulsion polymerizations can be used.

As explained above, the polymerization can be carried out in the presence of one or more initiators leading to the formation of free radicals. These may be selected from insoluble inorganic persulfate compounds, such as ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate; peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, and lauryl peroxide; organic hydroperoxides, such as cumen hydroperoxide and t-butyl hydroperoxide; organic peracids, such as peracetic acid; and oil-soluble free radical producing agents, such as 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, and mixtures thereof. Peroxides and peracids may optionally be activated with reducing agents, such as sodium bisulfite or ascorbic acid, transition metals, hydrazine. Particularly suitable free radical initiators are the water soluble azo polymerization initiators, such as 2,2'-azobis (tert-alkyl) compounds having a water-soluble substituent on the alkyl group. Preferred azo polymerization catalysts are the VAZO free radical initiators marketed by DuPont, such as VAZO 44 (2,2'-azobis (2-4,5-dihydroimidazolyl) propane), VAZO 56 (2, 2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride), and VAZO 68 (4,4'-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid)). The compositions of the invention comprise one or more surfactants chosen from anionic, cationic, amphoteric and nonionic surfactants. The anionic surfactants that can be used in the compositions of the invention are chosen in particular from salts, in particular alkali metal salts such as sodium salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, sodium salts and the like. amino alcohols or alkaline earth metal salts, for example magnesium, of the following types: alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl amido ether sulphates, alkyl aryl polyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkyl amide sulphonates, alkyl aryl sulphonates, α-olefins sulfonates, paraffinsulfonates, alkylsulfosuccinates, alkylethersulfosuccinates, alkylamidesulfosuccinates, alkylsulphoacetates, acylsarcosinates and acylglutamates, the alkyl and acyl groups of all these compounds having from 6 to 24 carbon atoms and the group aryl preferably denotes a phenyl or benzyl group. It is also possible to use C 6-24 alkyl monoesters and polyglycoside dicarboxylic acids such as alkyl glucoside citrates, alkyl polyglycoside tartrates and alkyl polyglycoside sulfosuccinates, alkylsulfosuccinamates, acylisethionates and N acetyltaurates, the alkyl or acyl group of all these compounds containing from 12 to 20 carbon atoms. Another group of anionic surfactants that can be used in the compositions of the present invention is that of acyl lactylates, the acyl group of which contains from 8 to 20 carbon atoms.

In addition, mention may also be made of alkyl-D-galactosideuronic acids and their salts as well as polyoxyalkylenated (C 6-24) alkylcarboxylic acids, (C 6-24) alkyl (C 6-24) aryl ether polyoxyalkylenated carboxylic acids, C6-24 alkyl) polyoxyalkylenated amidoether carboxylic acids and their salts, particularly those having from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide units, and mixtures thereof. Alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates and mixtures thereof are preferably used, in particular in the form of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium, amine or aminoalcohol.

When present, the amount of the anionic surfactant (s) is preferably in the range of from 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 30% by weight, more preferably from 4 to 20% by weight. weight relative to the total weight of the composition. Examples of additional nonionic surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention are described for example in "Handbook of Surfactants" by M. R. PORTER, Blackie & Son editions (Glasgow and London), 1991, pp. 116-178. They are chosen in particular from alcohols, alpha-diols, alkyl (C1-20) phenols or polyethoxylated, polypropoxylated or polyglycerolated fatty acids, having a fatty chain comprising, for example, from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, the number of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide groups ranging in particular from 2 to 50 and the number of glycerol groups ranging in particular from 2 to 30.

It is also possible to mention the condensates of ethylene oxide and of propylene oxide on fatty alcohols; the polyethoxylated fatty amides preferably having from 2 to 30 ethylene oxide units, the polyglycerolated fatty amides comprising on average from 1 to 5 glycerol groups and in particular from 1.5 to 4, the fatty acid esters of sorbitan ethoxylates having from 2 to 30 ethylene oxide units, sucrose fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, (C6-24) alkyl polyglycosides, N- (C6-24) alkyl derivatives glucamine, amine oxides such as (C₁__ alkyl) amine oxides or N- (C₁.14.14 acyl) aminopropylmorpholine oxides. When present, the amount of the additional nonionic surfactant (s) is preferably in the range from 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight. of the composition.

The amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants that may be used in the present invention may be in particular derivatives of secondary or tertiary aliphatic amines, in which the aliphatic group is a linear or branched chain containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and containing at least one anionic group such as, for example, a carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate group. Mention may in particular be made of (C 8-20) alkyl betaines, sulphobetaines, (C 8-20) alkylamido (C 6-18) alkylbetaines or (C 8-20) alkylamido (C 6-18 alkyl) sulphobetaines. Among the amine derivatives, mention may be made of the products sold under the name MIRANOL, as described in US Pat. Nos. 2,528,378 and 2,781,354 and classified in the CTFA dictionary, 3rd edition, 1982, under the names Amphocarboxy. glycinate and Amphocarboxypropionate of respective structures (A) and (B): Ra-CONHCH2CH2-N (Rb) (Rc) (CH2000-) (A) wherein: Ra represents an alkyl group derived from an Ra-COOH acid present in hydrolyzed coconut oil, a heptyl, nonyl or undecyl group, Rb represents a beta-hydroxyethyl group, and Re represents a carboxymethyl group; and Ra'-CONHCH2CH2-N (B) (B ') (B) wherein B is -CH2CH2OX', B 'is - (CH2) z-Y', with z = 1 or 2, X 'is the group -CH2CH2-COOH or a hydrogen atom, Y 'represents -COOH or the group -CH2-CHOH-SO3H, Ra' represents an alkyl group of an acid Ra'-COOH present in coconut oil or in the hydrolysed linseed oil, an alkyl group, especially C 17 and its iso form, an unsaturated C 17 group. These compounds are classified in the CTFA dictionary, 5th edition, 1993, under the names cocoamphodiacétate disodium, lauroamphodiacétate disodium, caprylamphodiacétate disodium, capryloamphodiacétate disodium, cocoamphodipropionate disodium, lauroamphodipropionate disodium, caprylamphodipropionate disodium, capryloamphodipropionate disodium, acid lauroamphodipropionic, cocoamphodipropionic acid. By way of example, mention may be made of cocoamphodiacetate sold by RHODIA under the trade name MIRANOL C2M Concentrate.

Among the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants mentioned above, use is preferably made of C 8-20 alkylbetaines, C 8-20 alkylamido (C 6-18 alkyl) betaines and mixtures thereof. When present, the amount of the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant (s) is preferably in the range from 0.01 to 25%, more preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. In a preferred variant, the composition according to the invention comprises one or more anionic surfactants and one or more amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants. The composition according to the invention preferably has a total content of anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants in the range from 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably from 4 to 30% by weight, relative to total weight of the composition. In a second preferred variant, the composition according to the invention comprises one or more cationic surfactants. Examples of cationic surfactants that may be mentioned include salts of primary, secondary or tertiary fatty amines, optionally polyoxyalkylenated; quaternary ammonium salts such as tetraalkylammonium, alkylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium, trialkylbenzylammonium, trialkylhydroxyalkylammonium or alkylpyridinium chlorides or bromides; imidazoline derivatives; or oxides of amines with a cationic character.

When the cationic surfactants are present, their amount is preferably in the range from 0.01 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, and still more preferably from 0.2 to 10% by weight. % by weight relative to the total weight of the cosmetic composition.

The compositions according to the present invention further comprise one or more cationic or amphoteric polymers (iii) different from the polymers (i) such as, for example, those described in French Pat. Nos. 2,788,974 and 2,788,976 and as described hereinafter. These polymers are, for example, water-soluble or water-dispersible polymers. For the purposes of the present invention, water-soluble or water-dispersible polymers are understood to mean polymers having a solubility in water measured at 25 ° C. of at least 0.1 gram / liter (g / L) (obtaining a solution macroscopically isotropic and transparent, colored or not). This solubility is preferably greater than or equal to 1 g / L. For the purposes of the present invention, the expression "cationic polymer" denotes any polymer containing cationic groups and / or ionizable groups in cationic groups. The cationic polymers that may be used in accordance with the present invention may be chosen from all those already known per se. improving the cosmetic properties of the hair, namely in particular those described in the patent application EP-A-337 354 and in French patents FR-2 270 846, 2 383 660, 2 598 611, 2 470 596 and 2 519 863. The preferred cationic polymers are chosen from those containing units containing primary, secondary, tertiary and / or quaternary amine groups which may either be part of the main polymer chain or may be borne by a lateral substituent directly connected thereto. The cationic polymers used generally have a number-average molecular weight of between about 500 and 5 × 10 6, and preferably between about 103 and 3 × 10 6. Among the cationic polymers, mention may be made more particularly of the polyamine, polyaminoamide and quaternary polyammonium type polymers. These are known products. They are in particular described in French Patent Nos. 2,505,348 or 2,542,997. Among said polymers, mention may be made of: (1) homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic esters or amides and comprising at least one of units of the following formulas ((VI), (VII), (VIII) or (IX): R3 R3 R3 ùCH2OO NH (VII) A 1 / N + R4 R R6 (VIII) A 1 N + R4 R6 R5 R3 in which: R3, which may be identical or different, denote a hydrogen atom or a radical CH3; A, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyalkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R4, R5, R6, which may be identical or different, represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical and preferably an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R1 and R2, which may be identical or different, represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 atoms s of carbon and preferably methyl or ethyl; X denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid such as a methosulphate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide. The polymers of family (1) may also contain one or more units derived from comonomers which may be chosen from the family of acrylamides, methacrylamides, diacetones acrylamides, acrylamides and methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyls (C1-C4) , acrylic or methacrylic acids or their esters, vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam, vinyl esters.

Thus, among these polymers of the family (1), mention may be made of:

copolymers of acrylamide and of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with dimethyl sulphate or with a dimethyl halide; the copolymers of acrylamide and of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride described for example in the patent application EP-A-080976; the copolymer of acrylamide and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium methosulphate; the vinylpyrrolidone / dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers, which may or may not be quaternized. These polymers are described in detail in French Patents 2,077,143 and 2,393,573; dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinylcaprolactam / vinylpyrrolidone terpolymers; vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylamidopropyl dimethylamine copolymer; quaternized dimethylaminopropyl vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylamide copolymers; crosslinked polymers of methacryloyloxyalkyl (C 1 -C 4) trialkyl (C 1 -C 4) ammonium salts, such as the polymers obtained by homopolymerization of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with methyl chloride, or by copolymerization; acrylamide with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized by methyl chloride, the homo or copolymerization being followed by crosslinking with an olefinically unsaturated compound, in particular methylenebisacrylamide. It is more particularly possible to use a crosslinked acrylamide / methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer (20/80 by weight) in the form of a dispersion containing 50% by weight of said copolymer in mineral oil.

This dispersion is marketed under the name "SALCARE SC 92" by the company CIBA. It is also possible to use a crosslinked homopolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride containing about 50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineral oil or in a liquid ester. These dispersions are marketed under the names "SALCARE SC 95" and "SALCARE SC 96" by the company CIBA.

(2) Cationic polysaccharides and in particular those chosen from: (a) cellulose ether derivatives containing quaternary ammonium groups described in French Patent 1,492,597. These polymers are also defined in the CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammoniums hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with an epoxide substituted with a trimethylammonium group. (b) cellulose copolymers or cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer, and described especially in US Pat. No. 4 131 576, such as hydroxyalkylcelluloses, such as hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl- or hydroxypropylcelluloses grafted in particular with a salt of methacryloylethyl trimethylammonium, methacrylmidopropyltrimethylammonium, dimethyl-diallylammonium. (c) cationic polygalactomannans described more particularly in US Pat. Nos. 3,589,578 and 4,031,307, such as guar gums containing cationic trialkylammonium groups. For example, guar gums modified with a salt (eg chloride) of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium are used.

(3) Polymers consisting of piperazinyl units and straight or branched chain alkylene or hydroxyalkylene divalent radicals, optionally interrupted by oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or aromatic or heterocyclic rings, as well as oxidation and / or quaternization of these polymers. Such polymers are especially described in French Patents 2,162,025 and 2,280,361. (4) water-soluble polyaminoamides prepared in particular by polycondensation of an acidic compound with a polyamine; these polyaminoamides may be crosslinked by an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide, a dianhydride, an unsaturated dianhydride, a bis-unsaturated derivative, a bis-halohydrin, a bis-azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide or else by an oligomer resulting from the reaction of a bifunctional compound reactive with a bis-halohydrin, a bis-azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide, a epilhalohydrin, diepoxide or bis-unsaturated derivative; the crosslinking agent being used in proportions ranging from 0.025 to 0.35 moles per amine group of the polyaminoamide; these polyaminoamides can be alkylated or if they contain one or more tertiary amine functional groups, quaternized. Such polymers are described in particular in French Patents 2,252,840 and 2,368,508.

(5) Polyamino amide derivatives resulting from the condensation of polyalkylene polyamines with polycarboxylic acids followed by alkylation with difunctional agents. Mention may be made, for example, of adipiquadioacylaminohydroxyalkyldialoylene triamine polymers in which the alkyl radical contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and preferably denotes methyl, ethyl or propyl. Such polymers are described in particular in French Patent 1,583,363. Among these derivatives, mention may be made more particularly of adipic acid / dimethylaminohydroxypropyl / diethylenetriamine polymers. (6) The polymers obtained by reaction of a polyalkylene polyamine comprising two primary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group with a dicarboxylic acid chosen from diglycolic acid and saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. The molar ratio between the polyalkylene polylamine and the dicarboxylic acid being between 0.8: 1 and 1.4: 1; the polyaminoamide resulting therefrom being reacted with epichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin relative to the secondary amine group of the polyaminoamide of between 0.5: 1 and 1.8: 1. Such polymers are described in particular in the patents US 3,227,615 and 2,961,347.

(7) cyclopolymers of alkyl diallyl amine or of dialkyl diallyl ammonium, such as homopolymers or copolymers comprising, as main constituent of the chain, units corresponding to formulas (X) or (XI): (CH) k - (CH 2) t - CR9 i (R9) -CH2 H2C \ / CH2 N + 7 R8 (CH) k - (CH2) t-CR9 i (R9) -CH2H2CCH2 (XI) NR7 where k and t are equal to 0 or 1, the sum k 20 + t being equal to 1; R9 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; R7 and R8, independently of each other, denote an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group in which the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 5 (X) Y carbon atoms, a group lower amidoalkyl (C1-C4), or R7 and R8 may designate, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, heterocyclic groups, such as piperidinyl or morpholinyl; R7 and R8, independently of one another, preferably denote an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Y- is an anion such as bromide, chloride, acetate, borate, citrate, tartrate, bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate, phosphate. These polymers are described in particular in French Patent 2,080,759 and in its certificate of addition 2,190,406. (8) The quaternary diammonium polymer containing recurring units having the formula: wherein R10, R11, R12 and R13, wherein R10, R11, R12 and R13, identical or different, represent aliphatic, alicyclic, or arylaliphatic radicals containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or lower hydroxyalkylaliphatic radicals, or R10, R11, R12 and R13, together or separately, together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached heterocycles optionally containing a second heteroatom other than nitrogen or R10, R11, R12 and R13 represent a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl radical substituted with a nitrile, ester, acyl, amide or -CO-O group - R14-D or -CO-NH-R14-D where R14 is an alkylene and D is a quaternary ammonium group; Al and B1 represent polymethylene groups containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms which may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, and may contain, bound to or intercalated in the main chain, one or more aromatic rings, or one or more atoms of oxygen, sulfur or sulfoxide, sulfone, disulfide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium, ureido, amide or ester groups, and X-denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid; Al, R10 and R12 can form with the two nitrogen atoms to which they are attached a piperazine ring; in addition, if Al denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical, B1 can also denote a - (CH2) n -CO-D-OC- (CH2) n- group in which n is between 1 and 100; and preferably between 1 and 50, and D denotes: a) a glycol residue of formula: -OZO-, where Z denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical or a group corresponding to one of the following formulas: - (CH 2 CH 2 -O) x-CH 2 -CH 2 - - [CH 2 -CH (CH 3) -O] y -CH 2 -CH (CH 3) - where x and y denote an integer of 1 to 4, representing a defined degree of polymerization and single or any number from 1 to 4 representing an average degree of polymerization; b) a bis-secondary diamine residue such as a piperazine derivative; c) a bis-primary diamine residue of formula: -NH-Y-NH-, where Y denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, or alternatively the divalent radical - CH 2 -CH 2 -S-S-CH 2 -CH 2 -; Polymers of this type are described in French patents 2,320,330, 2,270,846, 2,316,271, 2,336,434 and 2,413,907 and US Patents 2,273,780, 2,375,853, 2,388,614 and 2,454,547. , 3,206,462, 2,261,002, 2,271,378, 3,874,870, 4,001,432, 3,929,990, 3,966,904, 4,005,193, 4,025,617, 4,025,627, 4,025,653, 4,026,945 and 4,027 .020. d) a ureylene group of formula: -NH-CO-NH-. Preferably, X- is an anion such as chloride or bromide. These polymers have a number-average molecular weight generally of between 1000 and 100 000. It is more particularly possible to use polymers which consist of recurring units corresponding to the following formula (XIII): R 10 R 12 - N (CH 2) p N o (CH 2) p (XIII) wherein R10, R11, R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, denote an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n and p are integers ranging from 2 to About 20, and X- is an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid. (9) Poly (quaternary ammonium) polymers consisting of recurring units of formula (XIV):

Wherein p is an integer ranging from 1 to about 6, D can be zero or can represent a group - (CH2) r - CO- in which r is a number equal to 4 or 7, X- is an anion; Such polymers may be prepared according to the processes described in US Pat. Nos. 4,157,388, 4,702,906 and 4,719,282. They are described in particular in patent application EP-A-122,324. (10) Quaternary polymers vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole. (11) Polyamines such as the product referred to under the name "Polyethylene glycol (15) tallow polyamine" in the CTFA dictionary. Other cationic polymers which can be used in the context of the invention are polyalkyleneimines, in particular polyethyleneimines, polymers containing vinylpyridine or vinylpyridinium units, condensates of polyamines and epichlorohydrin, quaternary polyureylenes and chitin derivatives.

The amphoteric polymers that may be used in the compositions of the present invention may be chosen from polymers comprising K and M units statistically distributed in the polymer chain, where K denotes a unit derived from a monomer comprising at least one basic nitrogen atom and M denotes a unit derived from an acidic monomer comprising one or more carboxylic or sulphonic groups, or K and M may denote groups derived from zwitterionic monomers of carboxybetaines or of sulphobetaines; K and M may also designate a cationic polymer chain comprising primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary amine groups, in which at least one of the amine groups carries a carboxylic or sulphonic group connected via a hydrocarbon radical, or K and M are part of a chain of α, β-dicarboxylic ethylene polymer having one of the carboxylic groups reacted with a polyamine having one or more primary or secondary amine groups. Amphoteric compounds corresponding to the definition given above, which are more particularly preferred, are chosen from the following polymers:

(1) The polymers resulting from the copolymerization of a monomer derived from a vinyl compound carrying a carboxylic group such as, more particularly, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, alpha-chloro acrylic acid, and of a basic monomer derived from a substituted vinyl compound containing at least one basic atom such as, more particularly, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate and acrylate, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide and acrylamide. Such compounds are described in US Pat. No. 3,836,537. Mention may also be made of sodium acrylate / acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer. The vinyl compound may also be a dialkyldiallylammonium salt such as dimethyldiallylammonium chloride.

(2) polymers comprising units derived from: a) at least one monomer chosen from acrylamides or methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen with an alkyl radical, b) with at least one acidic comonomer containing one or more carboxylic groups reagents, and c) at least one basic comonomer such as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amine substituent esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids and the quaternization product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with dimethyl or diethyl sulfate. The N-substituted acrylamides or methacrylamides which are more particularly preferred according to the invention are the groups in which the alkyl radicals contain from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and more particularly N-ethylacrylamide, N-tert-butyl-acrylamide and N-tert-octyl-acrylamide. N-octylacrylamide, N-decylacrylamide, N-dodecylacrylamide and the corresponding methacrylamides. The acidic comonomers are chosen more particularly from acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids as well as alkyl monoesters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of maleic or fumaric acids or anhydrides. Preferred basic comonomers are aminoethyl, butylaminoethyl, N, N'-dimethylaminoethyl, and N-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylates.

(3) Polyamino amides crosslinked and alkylated partially or completely derived from polyamino amides of the general formula: wherein R 19 represents a divalent radical derived from a saturated dicarboxylic acid, a double bonded mono or dicarboxylic aliphatic acid ethylene, an ester of an alkanol

lower, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms of these acids or a radical derived from the addition of any of said acids with a primary bis or secondary bis amine, and Z denotes a radical of a polyalkylene bis-polyamine; primary, mono or bis-secondary and preferably represents:

a) in the proportions of 60 to 100 mol%, the radical NF (CH 2) NHH ~ p (XVI) where x = 2 and p = 2 or 3, or else x = 3 and p = 2 this radical derived from diethylene triamine, triethylene tetraamine or dipropylene triamine; b) in the proportions of 0 to 40 mole%, the radical (XVI) above, in which x = 2 and p = 1 and which is derived from ethylenediamine, or the radical derived from piperazine: / N N

c) in the proportions of 0 to 20 mole%, the -NH-20 (CH 2) 6 -NH radical derived from hexamethylenediamine, these polyaminoamines being crosslinked by addition of a bifunctional crosslinking agent chosen from epihalohydrins and diepoxides, dianhydrides, bis unsaturated derivatives, by means of 0.025 to 0.35 mole of crosslinking agent per amine group of the polyaminoamide and alkylated by the action of acrylic acid, chloroacetic acid or an alkane sultone or of their salts . The saturated carboxylic acids are preferably chosen from acids having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as adipic acid, trimethyl-2,2,4-adipic acid and trimethyl-2,4,4-adipic acid,

terephthalic acid, ethylenically double bonded acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid. The alkanesultones used in the alkylation are preferably propane or butane sultone, the salts of the alkylating agents are preferably the sodium or potassium salts. (4) Polymers comprising zwitterionic units of formula: wherein R 20 denotes a polymerizable unsaturated group such as an acrylate, methacrylate or acrylamide group; methacrylamide, y and z represent an integer of 1 to 3, R 21 and R 22 represent a hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl atom, R 23 and R 24 represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical in such a way that the sum carbon atoms in R23 and R24 do not exceed 10. Polymers comprising such units may also include units derived from non-zwitterionic monomers such as dimethyl or diethylaminoethyl acrylate or methacrylate or alkyl acrylates or methacrylates, acrylamides or methacrylamides or vinyl acetate. By way of example, mention may be made of the copolymer of butyl methacrylate / dimethylcarboxymethylammonioethyl methacrylate, such as the product sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by the company SANDOZ.

(5) polymers derived from chitosan having monomeric units corresponding to the following formulas (XVIII), (XIX), (XX): ## STR2 ## wherein R 1 is CH 2 OH ## STR1 ## 1 R25-000H

(XVIII) (XIX) (XX) the unit (XVIII) being present in proportions of between 0 and 30%, the unit (XIX) in proportions of between 5 and 50% and the unit (XX) in proportions of between between 30 and 90%, it being understood that in this unit (XX), R 25 represents a radical of formula: ## STR2 ## in which q denotes zero or 1; if q = 0, R26, R27 and R28, identical or different, represent

each a hydrogen atom, a methyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy or amino residue, a monoalkylamine residue or a dialkylamine residue optionally interrupted by one or more nitrogen atoms and / or optionally substituted by one or more amine, hydroxyl or carboxyl groups, alkylthio, sulfonic acid, an alkylthio radical whose alkyl group carries an amino residue, at least one of the radicals R26, R27 and R28 being in this case a hydrogen atom; or if q = l, R26, R27 and R28 each represent an atom

hydrogen, as well as the salts formed by these compounds with bases or acids. (6) Polymers derived from the N-carboxyalkylation of chitosan such as N-carboxymethyl chitosan or N-carboxybutyl chitosan. (7) The polymers corresponding to the general formula (XXI) such as those described for example in French Patent 1,400,366 and comprising units: R 29 (CH-CH 2) COOH çO R 31 () OI) in which R 29 represents a hydrogen atom, a radical CH3O, CH3CH2O, phenyl, R30 denotes hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl, R31 denotes hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl, R32 denotes an alkyl radical; lower, such as methyl, ethyl or a radical corresponding to the formula: -R33-N (R31) 2, R33 representing a group -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH (CH3) -, R31 having the above mentioned meanings, as well as the higher homologues of these radicals and containing up to 6 carbon atoms, r is such that the molecular weight is between 500 and 6000000 and preferably between 1000 and 1000000.

(8) Amphoteric polymers of the -DXDX- type chosen from: a) the polymers obtained by the action of chloroacetic acid or sodium chloroacetate on compounds comprising at least one unit of formula: -DXDXD- (XXII) where D denotes a radical / ùN N

and X denotes the symbol E or E ', E or E', which may be identical or different, denote a divalent radical which is a straight or branched chain alkylene radical having up to 7 carbon atoms in the unsubstituted or group-substituted main chain. hydroxyl and may further comprise oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, 1 to 3 aromatic and / or heterocyclic rings; the oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms being present in the form of ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonium, alkylamine, alkenylamine, hydroxyl groups, benzylamine, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide groups, alcohol, ester and / or urethane; b) polymers of formula: -D-X-D-X- (XXIII) where D denotes a radical / ùN N and X denotes the symbol E or E 'and at least once E'; E having the meaning indicated above and E 'is a divalent radical which is a straight or branched chain alkylene radical having up to 7 carbon atoms in the main chain, substituted or unsubstituted by one or more hydroxyl radicals and having a or a plurality of nitrogen atoms, the nitrogen atom being substituted by an optionally interrupted alkyl chain by an oxygen atom and necessarily comprising one or more carboxyl functions or one or more hydroxyl functions and betaineized by reaction with chloroacetic acid or chloroacetate of soda. (9) The alkyl (CI-05) vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers partially modified by semiamidation with an N, N-dialkylaminoalkylamine such as N, N-dimethylaminopropylamine or by semi-esterification with an N, N-dialkanolamine. These copolymers

50

may also include other vinyl comonomers such as vinylcaprolactam.

Among all the cationic or amphoteric polymers (iii) that can be used according to the present invention, the following are particularly preferred: (a) from cationic polymers: quaternary cellulose ether derivatives such as the products marketed under the name JR 400 by the company AMERCHOL, cyclopolymers, in particular homopolymers of diallyldimethylammonium salt and copolymers of diallyldimethylammonium salt and of acrylamide, in particular chlorides, sold under the names MERQUAT 550 and MERQUAT S by the company MERCK, cationic polysaccharides and more particularly the guar gums modified with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, sold for example under the name Jaguar C13S by Amerchol, homopolymers and optionally crosslinked copolymers of (meth) acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium salt, sold by CIBA in solution at 50% in mineral oil under the trade names SALCARE SC92 (crosslinked copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride and acrylamide) and SALCARE SC95 (crosslinked homopolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride), the quaternary copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and sodium salt. imidazole vinyl such as the products marketed by BASF under the names Luviquat FC 370, Luviquat FC 550, Luviquat FC 905 and Luviquat HM-552. (b) among the amphoteric polymers: - the copolymer dimethyldiallylammonium chloride / acrylic acid (80/20) sold under the name MERQUAT 280 DRY by the company NALCO (CTFA name POLYQUATERNIUM 22); the dimethyldiallylammonium chloride / acrylic acid (95/5) copolymer sold under the name MERQUAT 295 DRY by NALCO (CTFA name: POLYQUATERNIUM 22); the copolymer of methacrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride, of acrylic acid and of ethyl acrylate, sold under the name Merquat 2001 by the company Nalco (CTFA name: POLYQUATERNIUM 47); and the acrylamide / dimethyldiallylammonium chloride / acrylic acid terpolymer, sold under the name MERQUAT PLUS 3330 DRY by NALCO (CTFA name: POLYQUATERNIUM 39). When they are present in the compositions according to the present invention, the cationic and / or amphoteric polymers (iii) are present in a proportion by weight ranging from 0.01 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably ranging from 0.1 to 5% relative to the total weight of the composition. The particle or particles (iv) used in the cosmetic composition according to the invention are particles of one or more polymeric organic compounds. The polymers constituting these organic particles may be crosslinked or not. These polymers are preferably in a vitreous state, that is to say they have a glass transition temperature significantly higher than the ambient temperature or the temperature of use (for example the temperature of the human body).

Advantageously, the particle or particles have a number-average primary size of between 0.001 and 1000 m, preferably between 0.01 and 700 m.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "primary particle size" means the maximum dimension that can be measured between two diametrically opposite points of an individual particle. The size of the particles of one or more organic compounds can be determined by transmission electron microscopy or from the measurement of the specific surface area by the BET method or from a laser particle size distribution. The particles of one or more organic compounds used in the cosmetic composition may have different shapes, for example a form of spheres, flakes, needles or platelets and preferably they are substantially spherical. The particle or particles of one or more organic compounds may be solid, hollow or porous. When the particles of one or more organic compounds are hollow, they comprise at least one continuous envelope (or a surface layer) and at least one cavity. The envelope of the particles is preferably flexible to lend itself to mechanical deformation. It generally comprises at least one homopolymer or copolymer polymer formed from ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

The monomers used may in particular be esters of methacrylic or acrylic acid, such as methyl acrylate and methacrylate, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene and its derivatives. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "porous particles" means particles having a structure comprising pores of varying number and size. Porosity associated with particle size can be characterized quantitatively from the measurement of specific surface area by the BET method. Preferably, the porous particles have a specific surface greater than or equal to 1 m 2 / g, preferably greater than or equal to 2 m 2 / g, and even more preferably greater than or equal to 4 m 2 / g. The specific surface is determined according to the BET method (BRUNAUER-EMMET-TELLER) described in The Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 60, page 309 February 1938 and corresponds to the international standard ISO 5794/1 (Appendix D). The specific surface area determined by the BET method corresponds to the total specific surface, including micropores, of the organic particles considered. The particle or particles of one or more organic compounds used in the cosmetic composition according to the invention may be chosen from polyamide powders, acrylic polymer powders, especially crosslinked sodium polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, powders of acrylic copolymers, especially of polymethyl methacrylate / ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, allyl polymethacrylate / ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate / lauryl methacrylate copolymer, polyacrylate / alkyl acrylate copolymer, polystyrene powders, polyethylene powders, especially polyethylene / acrylic acid, silicone resin microbeads. By way of non-limiting example, the following may be mentioned as organic particles according to the invention: polyamide (nylon) powders, for example those marketed under the names ORGASOL 4000 and ORGASOL 2002 UD NAT COS 204 by the company ATOCHEM acrylic polymer powders, in particular crosslinked sodium polyacrylate, for instance those marketed under the name ASAP 2000 by the company CHEMOAL or HYSORB M7055 for the BASF company, of polymethyl methacrylate, for example those sold under the name COVABEAD LH85 COVABEAD PMMA by WACKHERR or those sold under the name MICROPEARL MHB marketed by MATSUMOTO, - acrylic copolymer powders, especially of polymethyl methacrylate / ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, such as those marketed under the name DOW CO RNING 5640 MICROSPONGE SKIN OIL ADSORBER by the company Dow Corning, or those sold under the name Ganzpearl GMP-0820 by GANZ CHEMICAL, of allyl polymethacrylate / ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, such as those sold under the name POLYPORE L200 or POLYPORE E200 marketed by the company AMCOL, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer / lauryl methacrylate, such as those sold by POLYTRAP 6603 by the company Dow Corning, polyacrylate / ethylhexylacrylate such as those sold under the name TECHPOLYMER ACX 806C by the company SEKISUI, - polystyrene powders such as those sold under the name "Polysphere 3000 SP" by the company PRESPERESE, - polystyrene / dinvinylbenzene powders, such as those sold under the name TECHPOLYMER SBX8 by the company SEKISUI, - polyethylene powders. lene, in particular of polyethylene / acrylic acid sold under the name FLOBEADS by SUMITOMO, - silicone resin microbeads, such as those sold under the names TOSPEARL by the company TOSHIBA SILICONE, in particular TOSPEARL 240A and TOSPEARL 120A. Preferably, the organic particles used in the composition according to the invention are chosen from polyamide powders, crosslinked sodium polyacrylate powders and polyethylene powders, polymethyl methacrylate powders. The organic particle (s) may optionally be surface-treated with a hydrophobic treatment agent.

Thus the organic particles can be rendered hydrophobic by coating or chemical grafting with products such as: silicones, such as meticones or dimethicones, amino acids, N-acyl amino acids or their salts, metal soaps such as: aluminum dimyristate, aluminum salt of hydrogenated tallow glutamate, fluorinated derivatives, for example perfluoroalkyl phosphates, perfluoroalkyl silanes, hexafluoropropylene polyoxides, polyorganosiloxanes comprising perfluroalkyl perfluoropolyether groups, lecithin , triisostearoyl isopropyl titanate, - fatty acids such as stearic acid.

The term alkyl mentioned in the abovementioned compounds can denote in particular a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 5 to 16 carbon atoms. The N-acyl amino acids may comprise an acyl group comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, for example a 2-ethyl hexanoyl, caproyl, lauroyl, myristoyl, palmitoyl, stearoyl and cocoyl group. The salts of these compounds may be aluminum, magnesium, calcium, zirconium, sodium or potassium zinc salts. The amino acid may be, for example, lysine, glutamic acid or alanine. For example, mention may be made of poly methyl methacrylate microspheres coated with isopropyl tri-isostearyl titanate of size 2- 151um marketed by Kobo under the reference BPA-5I5. The organic particles used in the cosmetic composition according to the invention are present in a content ranging from 0.01 to 25% by weight, preferably ranging from 0.1 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. By cosmetically acceptable medium is meant within the meaning of the present invention, a medium compatible with keratin materials, such as hair and skin.

The cosmetically acceptable medium consists of water or a mixture of water and at least one cosmetically acceptable solvent chosen from C1-C4 lower alcohols, such as ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol. or n-butanol; polyols such as glycerol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols; and their mixtures. The pH of the compositions according to the invention is generally less than 7, preferably less than 6, more preferably between 2 and 6, and even more preferably between 3 and 6.

The composition according to the invention may further comprise one or more conventional additives well known in the art, such as; thickeners or viscosity regulators, natural or synthetic; C12-C30 fatty alcohols; ceramides; oily fatty esters such as isopropyl myristate; mineral, vegetable or synthetic oils such as α-olefins; vitamins or provitamins; pearling agents; pH stabilizers, preservatives; and dyes. Those skilled in the art will take care to choose the possible additives and their amount so that they do not adversely affect the properties of the compositions of the present invention. These additives are generally present in the composition according to the invention in an amount ranging from 0 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The compositions in accordance with the invention may be used for washing and conditioning keratinous substances, in particular hair, for example as conditioning shampoos, or for conditioning keratinous substances, for example as hair conditioners. Another subject of the invention is a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratin materials, such as the hair, which consists in applying an effective amount of a composition as described above to said materials, to be rinsed after a possible time. deposit. The following example illustrates the present invention.

EXAMPLE

Compositions A, B, C and D are prepared from the ingredients shown in the table below. The quantities of raw materials are indicated as they are. Compositions ABCD Polyethylene and blue 1 0, 5 - - - lake (9) Polyamide microspheres - 0,5 - - 12 (7) Paraffin wax X10) - 0,5 - Sodium polyacrylate - - - 3 crosslinked (8) Sodium Chloride 0.15 0.15 - - Mixture of 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 methylparaben, butylparaben, ethylparaben, isoparaben and propylparaben (Preservatives) Polyacrylate-1 5 5 5 5 Crosspolymer in emulsion at 20 % in water (1) Polyquaternium-10 (5) 0.8 - - 0.3 Polyethyleneimine-10 - 0.025 0.025 - (INCI name PEI-10) (4) Polyquaternium-6 (6) - 0.1 0 , 1 - Dimethicone _ _ _ 2 57 Laureth-2 (11) 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Cocoyl amidopropyl 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.2 betaine in aqueous solution (38% MA) (2) Lauryl ether sulfate 22.2 22.2 17.85 17.85 sodium (2.2 0E) in aqueous solution (72% MA) (3) Citric acid qsp pH = 5.5 pH = 5.5 pH = 5.5 pH = 5.5 Deionized water Qs 100 Qs 100 Qs 100 Qs 100 (1) sold under the trade name Carbopol Aqua CC by the company Noveon (2) sold under the name Tego Betaine F50 by the company GOLDSHMIDT (3) sold under the name Texapon AOS 225UP by the company COGNIS (4) sold under the name Lupasol FG by the company BASF (5) sold under the name JR400LT by the company Amerchol (6) sold under the name Merquat 100 by the company NALCO (7) sold under the name ORGASOL 2002D NATCOS by the company ARKEMA (8) sold under the name HYSORB M7055 by the company BASF (9) sold under the name GOTALENE 120 BLEU23 by the company DUPONT (10) sold under the name MICROEASE M4S by the company MICROPOWDERS (11) sold under the name DEHYDOL LS 2 DEON by the company COGNIS

These compositions constitute stable shampoos. They apply on the hair without sinking. After an easy rinse, they give the hair good disentangling properties, softness and maintenance.

Claims (42)

1.Composition for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous materials, preferably human, in particular keratin fibers, and more particularly the hair, comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium: (i) one or more cationic polymers obtained by polymerization of a mixture monomers comprising one or more vinyl monomers substituted by one or more amino groups, one or more hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomers, and one or more associative vinyl monomers, - (ii) one or more surfactants, - (iii) one or more cationic or amphoteric polymers other than polymers (i), and - (iv) one or more solid particles of one or more polymeric organic compounds. 2.Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the vinyl monomer (s) substituted with one or more amino groups are chosen from: - mono (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) amino (meth) acrylates (C 1 -C 5 alkyl) ) - di (C 1 -C 4) alkylamino (C 1 -C 8) alkyl (meth) acrylates, preferably di (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) alkylamino (C 1 -C 6) alkyl (meth) acrylates; mono (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) amino (C 1 -C 8 alkyl) (meth) acrylamides, di (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) amino (C 1 -C 8 alkyl) (meth) acrylamides, - meth) acrylamides containing a heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, - (meth) acrylates containing a heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, - nitrogen heterocycles with vinyl group (s), - and mixtures thereof. 3.Composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the vinyl monomer (s) substituted with one or more amino groups are chosen from 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate, and (N, N-dimethylamino) propyl, the (meth) acrylate 4- (N, N-dimethylamino) butyl, (N, N-dimethylamino) t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (N, N-diethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) 3- (N, N-diethylamino) propyl acrylate, 4- (N, N-diethylamino) butyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (N, N-dipropylamino) -ethyl (meth) acrylate, 3- (N, N-dipropylamino) propyl meth) acrylate and 4- (N, N-dipropylamino) butyl (meth) acrylate; N '- (2-N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl (meth) acrylamide and N' - (3-N, N-dimethylamino) propylacrylamide; N- (2-pyridyl) acrylamide, N- (2-imidazolyl) methacrylamide, 2- (4-morpholinyl) ethyl methacrylate, 2- (4-morpholinyl) ethyl acrylate, N- ( 4-morpholinyl) methacrylamide and N- (4-morpholinyl) acrylamide; and 2-vinylpyridine and 4-vinylpyridine. 4.Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vinyl monomer or monomers substituted with one or more amino groups represent from 10 to 70% by weight, preferably from 20 to 60% by weight, by relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture. 5.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer or monomers correspond to formula (I) or (II): (I) CH2 = C (X) Z, (II) CH2 = CH-OC (0) R; in which formulas (I) and (II): X represents H or a methyl group; Z is selected from C (O) OR ', -C (O) NH2, -C (O) NHR', -C (O) N (R ') 2, -C6H5, -C6H4R', -C6H4OR ' , -C6H4Cl, -CN, -NHC (O) CH3, -NHC (O) H, N- (2-pyrrolidonyl), N-caprolactamyl, -C (O) NHC (CH3) 3, -C (O) NHCH2CH2 -NH-CH2CH2-urea, -SiR3, -C (O) O (CH2) XSiR3, -C (O) NH (CH2) XSiR3 and ù (CH2) XSiR3; x represents an integer ranging from 1 to 6; each R is independently C 1 -C 30 alkyl; each R1 independently represents a C1-C30 alkyl group, a C2-C30 alkyl group hydroxylated, or a halogenated C1-C30 alkyl group. 6.Composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer (s) are chosen from (C 1 -C 30) alkyl (meth) acrylates, (C 1 -C 30) alkyl (meth) acrylamides, styrene, substituted styrenes, vinyl esters, unsaturated nitriles, and unsaturated silanes. 7.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer or monomers represent from 20 to 80% by weight, preferably from 20 to 70% by weight, relative to the total weight of the mixture. of monomers. 8. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the associative vinyl monomer (s) are chosen from compounds of formula (III): ## STR2 ## Wherein R 2 is independently H, methyl, -C (O) OH, or -C (O) OR 3; R3 represents a C1-C30 alkyl group; A represents a group -CH2C (O) O-, -C (O) O-, -O-, -CH2O-, -NHC (O) NH-, -C (O) NH-, -Ar- (CE2) z -NHC (O) O-, -Ar- (CE2) z-NHC (O) NH- or -CH2CH2-NHC (O) -; Ar represents an arylene group; E represents H or a methyl group; z is 0 or 1; k is an integer from 0 to 30; m is 0 or 1, with the proviso that when k = 0, m = 0, and when k varies from 1 to 30, m is 1; (R4-O) - represents a polyoxyalkylene group, which is a homopolymer, a random copolymer, or a block copolymer, having C2-C4 oxyalkylene units, R4 represents -C2H4-, -C3H6-, -C4H8- or their mixtures, n is an integer ranging from 5 to 250, Y rerpesent R4O-, -R4NH-, -C (O) -, -C (O) NH-, R4NHC (O) NH-, or C (0) NHC ( 0) -; R5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group chosen from C8-C40 linear alkyl groups, C8-C40 branched alkyl groups, C8-C40 alicyclic groups, and C2-C40 alkyl-substituted phenyl groups, C2-C40 alkyl groups substituted by an aryl group, and the complex C8-C80 esters, the alkyl group R5 optionally comprising one or more substituents chosen from hydroxyl, alkoxyl and halogen groups. 9.Composition according to claim 8, characterized in that the one or more associative vinyl monomers are chosen from polyethoxylated cetyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated cetearyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated stearyl (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated arachidyl meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated behenyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated lauryl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated cerotyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated montanyl (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates poly (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of 2,4,6-tri (1-phenylethyl) phenyl, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of hydrogenated castor oil, (meth) acrylates, polyethoxylated meth) acrylates of canola, polyethoxylated (meth) acrylates of cholesterol and mixtures thereof, wherein the polyethoxylated portion of the monomer comprises from 5 to 100, preferably from 10 to 8 0, and more preferably from 15 to 60 ethylene oxide units. 10.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or the associative vinyl monomers represent from 0.001 to 25% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 15% by weight of the monomer mixture. 11.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monomer mixture comprises one or more semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomers. 12.Composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer or monomers are chosen from compounds of formulas (IV) or (V): ## STR1 ## Wherein R6 is independently H, C1-C30 alkyl, R8-O) R9 (V) wherein R6 (CH2) p- (O) R1 (R6-O), R9 in which formulas (IV) and (V): , -C (O) OH, or -C (O) OR7; R7 represents a C1-C30 alkyl group; A is -CH2C (O) O-, -C (O) O-, -O-, -CH2O-, -NHC (O) NH-, -C (O) NH-, -Ar- (CE2) z-NHC (O) O-, -Ar- (CE2) z-NHC (O) NH- or -CH2CH2NHC (O) -; Ar represents an arylene group; E represents H or a methyl group; z is 0 or 1; p is an integer from 0 to 30; r is equal to 0 or 1, with the proviso that when p is 0, r is 0, and when p varies from 1 to 30, r is equal to 1, (R8-O), represents a polyoxyalkylene group which is a homopolymer, a random copolymer, or a block copolymer with C2-C4 oxyalkylene units, wherein R8 is -C2H4-, -C3H6-, -C4H8- or mixtures thereof, and v is an integer ranging from 5 to 250 ; R9 represents H or a C1-C4 alkyl group; D represents a Cg-C30 alc alkenyl group or a Cg-C30 alc alkenyl group substituted by a carboxy group. 13.Composition according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the one or more semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomers represent from 0 to 25% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the monomer mixture. 14.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monomer mixture comprises one or more hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomers. 15. A composition according to claim 14, characterized in that the hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomer (s) are chosen from (C 1 -C 6) hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, (C 1 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl) (meth) acrylamides, and their mixtures. 16.Composition according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomer or monomers represent from 0 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 10% by weight of the monomer mixture. 17. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monomer mixture comprises one or more crosslinking monomers in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 2% by weight, by weight. relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture. 18.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monomer mixture comprises up to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture of one or more chain transfer agents. 19.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic polymer (s) (i) is or are obtained by polymerization of the monomer mixture comprising, with respect to the total weight of the monomer mixture: a) 10 70% by weight of one or more vinyl monomers substituted by one or more amino groups, b) from 20 to 80% by weight of one or more hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomers, c) from 0.001 to 25% by weight of one or more associative vinyl monomers, d) from 0 to 25% by weight of one or more semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomers, e) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomers, f ) from 0 to 5% by weight of one or more crosslinking monomers, g) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more chain transfer agents, and h) from 0 to 2% by weight of one or more several polymeric stabilizers. 20.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic polymer (s) (i) is or are obtained by polymerization of the monomer mixture comprising, relative to the total weight of the monomer mixture: a) 20 60% by weight of the vinyl monomer or monomers substituted by one or more amino groups, b) from 20 to 70% by weight of the hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer or monomers, c) from 0.01 to 15% by weight of the one or more associative vinyl monomers, d) from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer (s), e) from 0.01 to 10% by weight of the hydroxylated nonionic vinyl monomer (s), f) from 0.001 to 5% by weight of the crosslinking monomer or monomers, g) from 0.001 to 10% by weight of the chain transfer agent (s), and h) from 0 to 2% by weight of the polymeric stabilizing agent (s). 21.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic polymer (i) is obtained by polymerization of the following monomer mixture: - a di (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) amino methacrylate (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) C6), one or more C1-C30 alkyl esters and (meth) acrylic acid, a C10-C30 alkyl alkyl methacrylate polyethoxylated with 20 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol allyl ether / polypropylene glycol 30/5, - hydroxy (C2-C6) alkyl methacrylate, - ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. 22.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic polymer (i) is a thickening polymer. 23.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic polymer (s) (i) used in the compositions according to the invention generally represent from 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.05% by weight. at 5% by weight, and more preferably from 0.1 to 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 24. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant is chosen from cationic, anionic, amphoteric or zwitterionic and nonionic surfactants. 25. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises one or more anionic surfactants and one or more amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants. 26. Composition according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the anionic surfactant is chosen from alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates and their mixtures. 27. Composition according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the amount of the anionic surfactant (s) is in the range of 1 to 50% by weight, better still 1 to 30% by weight, better still 4 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 28. Composition according to any one of claims 24 to 27, characterized in that the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant is chosen from (C 8-20 alkyl) betaines, C 8-20 alkylamido (C 6-18 alkyl) betaines and mixtures thereof. 29. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic polymer (s) (iii) are chosen from cellulose ether derivatives containing quaternary ammonium groups, cationic cyclopolymers and modified guar gums. a 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium salt, quaternary vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole polymers, and crosslinked homopolymers of methacryloyloxyalkyl (C 1 -C 4) trialkyl (C 1 -C 4) ammonium salts. 30. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic or amphoteric polymer (s) (iii) are present in a content ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weight, preferably ranging from 0.1. at 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 31. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the organic particle or particles have a number-average primary size of between 0.001 and 1000 m, preferably between 0.01 and 700 m. 32. Cosmetic composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particles of one or more organic compounds are hollow or porous. 33. Cosmetic composition according to claim 32, characterized in that the particles of one or more organic compounds are porous. 34. Cosmetic composition according to claim 33, characterized in that the particles of one or more porous organic compounds have a specific surface greater than or equal to 1 m 2 / g, preferably greater than or equal to 2 m 2 / g, and more preferably greater than or equal to 4 m2 / g. 35. Cosmetic composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the organic particles are chosen from polyamide powders, acrylic polymer powders, acrylic copolymer powders, polystyrene powders, polyethylene powders, the silicone resin microbeads. 36. Cosmetic composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particles of one or more organic compounds are chosen from polyamide powders, crosslinked sodium polyacrylate powders and polyethylene powders, powders. of polymethyl methacrylate. 37. Cosmetic composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the organic particle (s) is (are) present in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 25% by weight, preferably in an amount ranging from 0, 1 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the cosmetic composition. 38. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cosmetically acceptable medium consists of water or a mixture of water and at least one cosmetically acceptable solvent. 39. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pH is less than 7, preferably less than 6. 40. Process for the cosmetic treatment of keratin materials, characterized in that an effective amount of a composition according to any one of the preceding claims is applied to said materials, to be rinsed after a possible exposure time. 41. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 39 as conditioning shampoo. 42. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 39 as a conditioner.