FR2879970A1 - Propulsion system for e.g. boat, has dynamos and/or alternators, in combination with Venturi type air concentration and passage systems, activated by air accelerated by Venturi effect and connected to electric motors coupled to transformers - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has Venturi type air concentration and passage systems integrated in ducts whose longitudinal axis is parallel to displacement axis of a vehicle. Dynamos and/or alternators (14), in functional combination with the Venturi systems, are activated by the air accelerated by Venturi effect. The alternators are connected to electric motors (11) coupled to transformers (12) assuring locomotion of the vehicle. An independent claim is also included for a vehicle including a propulsion system.

Description

2879970 1

  The present invention relates to the field of vehicles, particularly motor vehicles, boats and aircraft or aircraft, allowing the transport of persons and / or inert loads.

  There are many systems of motorization of vehicles, for transport on land or sea. For transport on land, it should be understood here as well the road transport as rail transport, which differs in fact from the previous ones by the guiding by rails.

  The depletion of hydrocarbon reserves in the foreseeable future, as well as overconsumption of energy (using fuels producing greenhouse gases that endanger the planet's climate balance), which is being used by more and more countries make it necessary in the short or medium term to modify the engines of vehicles, mainly motor vehicles.

  There are already vehicles which, in addition to a conventional combustion engine or diesel type, have a motorization auxiliary electric motor operating on storage batteries. In practice, the electric motor is requested during trips in the city, where the batteries can be recharged by means of terminals made available for this purpose.

  The autonomy of these vehicles remains limited. Moreover, the electrical energy used in addition to or instead of the energy of a fossil fuel requires for its production techniques that are themselves polluting, since almost all the electricity of the public electricity grid is, in the largest countries, of thermal or nuclear origin.

  Vehicles that derive their motive energy from the combustion of a gas are also known. However, they have a dependence on supplies of combustible gases, are non-polluting and especially present risks of explosion.

  There is therefore a need for vehicles, especially cars, which are non-polluting or less polluting, and which may be less dependent on fossil energy sources.

  The invention aims to provide solutions to these expectations and to provide vehicles polluting little and least dependent on fuels of fossil origin and / or producing greenhouse gases, as well as electrical energy. supplied by an external and polluting source.

  2879970 2 To simplify the presentation, will be used in the following indifferently the terms "motor vehicles" or "vehicles" in a fully substitutable way to one another. In other words, these expressions must be taken in the broadest sense and they must in no way be regarded as limiting to automobiles in the strict sense of the word; they must therefore be considered to apply mutatis mutandis to any type of vehicle.

  A vehicle has thus been developed using for its operation the energy supplied by the force of the air and / or water.

  The present invention therefore aims to achieve a vehicle using for its operation the energy supplied by the force of the air and / or water. In practice, it is recommended that such a vehicle also be provided with a battery supplying an electric motor - or any other engine system - capable of starting the vehicle.

  The invention firstly relates to a system for propelling a vehicle, said vehicle possibly including a traditional propulsion system, characterized in that it comprises at least one Venturi type fluidization and concentration system integrated in at least one nozzle whose longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the axis of movement of the vehicle, and, in functional combination with said system, at least one dynamo and / or at least one alternator, capable of being activated by said accelerated fluid by Venturi effect and themselves functionally connected to at least one suitable electric motor, able to act on the vehicle displacement members.

  The subject of the invention is also a vehicle, advantageously a motor vehicle, a boat, an airplane or an aircraft, equipped with at least one system according to the invention.

  Said system advantageously uses air displaced by the moving vehicle.

  In a second aspect, the system according to the invention is arranged to use water or another liquid or mixture of liquids, as functional fluid.

  According to a complementary or alternative embodiment, at least one of the electric motors thus actuated by means of the system according to the first aspect of the invention, acts on a water pump capable of operating in a closed circuit 2879970 3 a powerful gun to water, with advantageous shrinkage of the pipe supplying said water gun, while the latter is arranged to actuate a hydraulic turbine, which will have to operate in a flooded state, driving a generator to convert into electrical energy the mechanical and kinetic energy acquired by the water of said closed circuit. Advantageously, the electrical energy thus produced can be used to supply at least one electric motor acting on the vehicle displacement members and / or to heat and to supply, after heating, the boiler of a steam engine capable of acting on the moving the vehicle.

  In the abovementioned complementary or alternative embodiment, the water may be replaced by another liquid or mixture of liquids. Whatever the liquid used in practice, it is used as a functional fluid intended to produce by its acceleration in a penstock, and thanks to its action on a drowned hydraulic turbine, a quantity of energy totally or predominantly intended for act on the moving parts of the vehicle.

  The invention will be better understood, and other objectives, advantages and characteristics thereof will appear more clearly, in the light of the detailed description below of the preferred embodiments, given purely by way of illustration and in no way limiting, while appended to said description are drawing plates in which: 1 is a diagrammatic view in partial longitudinal section of a vehicle equipped with a device according to the invention, with enlargement of a portion of the device according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows schematically in front view the vehicle according to Figure 1, with in addition a partial enlargement; Fig. 3 is a schematic rear view of the vehicle according to FIG. 1, with in addition a partial enlargement; Fig. 4 schematically illustrates in plan view an embodiment of the vehicle according to FIG. 1, in which a water gun is integrated and made operational.

  With reference to the drawings thus briefly described, the motor vehicle according to the invention comprises, in its aspect which integrates all the means according to the invention mentioned above, a device comprising a pump and a water gun 1, driven by a auxiliary engine 2, 2879970 4 while a cold compressor 3 is provided. A steam engine 4 comprises a water reservoir, to which supply lines 5 are connected, while these elements are in operative connection with a chimney and steam and hot air ducts 6. A cooling circuit is further provided, advantageously in the form of a cooling circuit pipe 7, to cooperate with the device referenced in the following.

  In one option, the pipe 8 of a water gun is in functional connection with a hydraulic turbine 10, while batteries 9 are arranged to be able to be loaded. In practice, it is advantageous to hide the elements 6, 7 and 8 in the amounts of the windshield of the vehicle.

  At least one electric motor 11, preferably coupled with at least one transformer 12 ensures the locomotion of the vehicle or cooperates therewith.

  As an indication, a luggage compartment can be located at 13.

  Alternators 14 are arranged in the aforesaid nozzle, in particular if they are driven by fins fixed to the drive pulley of their rotor.

  Alternatively, all or part of said alternators may be disposed outside said nozzle. This is the preferred embodiment in the embodiment in which said alternators can be driven by the axis of a turbine fixed in the nozzle at the tip of the air acceleration cone.

  Those skilled in the art can determine after appropriate tests the best solution between these two alternatives.

  Optionally, one can have at the inlet of said nozzles, at least one fan said duct fan. Such a fan, including the type sold in the "VC" range by the company Aldes, is intended to facilitate the extraction or admission of air, and it can rotate thanks to the only force of the wind; it can therefore only work when the vehicle is stopped and / or at low speeds, and it can be stopped as soon as the speed of the vehicle thus equipped is sufficient for the air pressure alone to turn the fins installed. alternators and / or turbines present in the nozzle.

  Given that, in some cases, such a fan might not provide at the output an air flow sufficiently powerful to bring the fins of the alternators to a satisfactory rotation speed, it is optionally provided to install on the pipe a duct reducer, having for example a length of about 500 mm and, for example, a final section diameter of about 80 mm for an input diameter of about 300 mm, to allow to bring the speed of the air flow thus provided by said fan from about 5-6 km / h to about 65 km / h. Furthermore, it is possible, if desired, to install in front of each alternator a double cone of appropriate configuration, consisting of two substantially concentric cones and designed to leave a space between these two cones ranging, for example, from about 3 cm to the inlet to, for example, about 3 mm at the outlet, that is to say at the outlet of the air on the fins of at least one alternator, to conduct the flow of air through to the outside said fins located on the passage of the air flow, just at the base of said double cone.

  If desired, one can even install a second turbine in front of each alternator, and also place in front of the second turbine another alternator whose drive pulley is fixed on the same rod as that passing through the tip of the double cone installed as an option to accelerate the air.

  Also optional, a system for collecting ambient air water 15 (operating according to the principle described in patent application FR 0300628, published under No. 2,850,122, in the name of the same applicant) is provided and connected. to the steam engine tank 4.

  Also optionally, photovoltaic cells 16 may be arranged on the vehicle, advantageously on the roof thereof, to capture and convert solar energy.

  In the aforesaid nozzle, at least one accelerator turbine 17 is advantageously accommodated upstream of the alternator (s) 14.

  Optionally, there may be a camera 18, while the vehicle is also advantageously provided with a stabilizer fin 19 of conventional type.

  For access to the vehicle, both for the driver and for the 35 passengers, side doors are provided, for example opening 2879970 6 butterfly 20. Other side doors 21 are intended to facilitate access to the mechanical compartment, for the maintenance and possible repairs or replacements of parts.

  On the motor 4 is arranged an alternator 22.

  In association with the camera 18, a video screen 23 is integrated in the dashboard.

  The tank of the steam engine 4 may, for example, be mounted at 24.

  The vehicle according to the invention can thus operate from the energy supplied by the force of the air and / or that of water, thanks to the aforesaid devices, arranged to produce the amount of energy required to power the engines. correspondents. Those skilled in the art are able to determine, in each case, the arrangement, the number and / or the physical characteristics of the engines required to do this, if necessary after testing and adjustments.

  With the devices according to the invention, although we do not wish to be limited by any theory, it is believed that the pressure exerted by the air on the moving vehicle can be transformed into electrical energy, after its recovery by fins attached to the rotor drive pulley of a dynamo or a suitable alternator. As for the pressurized water circuit provided as an option or in addition, it can operate one or more hydraulic mini-turbines and, by leveraging in combination with the supply of energy from the air pressure. , provide the vehicle with sufficient energy to operate the motors that are functionally connected to it.

  As for the air whose inlet nozzle provides compression by Venturi effect due to the narrowing of said nozzle from upstream to downstream (in the direction of water flow), the movement of the nozzle Water is forced through the narrowing of the pipe in which the water is circulated and / or by at least one pump and / or water booster. Here again, we have a Venturi type system, with the end of the tube for accelerated water a projection nozzle designed to significantly increase the strength of this water on arrival.

  From a stop or rest position, the vehicle is started by the batteries 9 supplying the motor (s) driving the wheels 2879970 7 of the vehicle, if they have been sufficiently loaded from the network urban electricity or by means of photovoltaic cells 16 to be able to provide themselves the necessary electrical energy. Once the vehicle is moving, and from a certain speed that is estimated in practice at around 50-60 km / h, the pressure exerted perpendicular to the movement of the vehicle by the ambient air can be transformed into electricity thanks to the dynamos and / or alternators provided for this purpose and equipped with fins attached to the drive pulley of their rotor, advantageously installed in nozzles attached to the roof of the vehicle, under the photovoltaic panels, or on the sides of the vehicle, for example.

  To increase the passage in the nozzles where it is treated according to the invention of most of the air coming into contact with the front of the vehicle during the movement thereof, it is possible to have at the inlet of the nozzles powerful air accelerators, powered by the batteries of the vehicle, as well as by providing an appropriate profiling of the vehicle body to bring as much air as possible to the inlet of the nozzles.

  In practice, without this being limiting, it is recommended to produce the maximum of electricity: (1) to install on the roof of the vehicle the maximum of nozzles; (2) to fix at the inlet of said nozzles a powerful air accelerator powered by the vehicle batteries and (3) to install inside these nozzles the maximum of dynamos or alternators equipped with fins on the drive pulley of their rotor. To put these elements of the device into operation, the alternators are rotated first by starting up the air accelerators installed at the inlet of the nozzles and then by accelerating the movement of the vehicle until the air pressure exerted on the front of the vehicle reaches sufficient strength for the alternators to deliver enough electricity, after which the system according to the invention acts in addition to the traditional means for the vehicle to start and reach a speed of about 60 km / h. As a variant, the system according to the invention can be used in relay or in substitution for these traditional propulsion means, provided that the electrical energy that said system makes it possible to generate has been at least partially stored beforehand by means of conventional means and can be restored by the storage means for use in relay or substitution.

  Thus, purely illustrative and not limiting, installing on the vehicle three or four nozzles 30-40 cm in diameter at the entrance and 15-20 cm in diameter at the exit, and installing in the entrance of each of these nozzles a powerful air accelerator, and along the nozzle three or four dynamos or alternators equipped with fins actuating their rotor through the force of the flow that strikes them, it is possible as soon as the vehicle reaches a speed of about 50-60 km / h producing a quantity of energy sufficient to supply motive power to the vehicle and / or, in another aspect of the system according to the invention, to start in a second stage the (s) electric motor (s) of a powerful water pump, which operates in a closed circuit a water gun of known type (for example of the type used for irrigation on large surfaces, for the extinguishing major fires, or to repel manife stants, among others).

  In the abovementioned alternative or complementary aspect of the system according to the invention, the water sucked by said water pump and / or said booster, after having taken speed in the forced pipe thanks to the pressure supplied by the booster, can operate a mini-hydro turbine. The circuit through which the water is allowed to circulate to actuate said water cannon may, for example, comprise a pipe passing narrowing gradually, or in stages, by one of the front pillars of the vehicle and the roof of the by making a loop around the vehicle if necessary, before ending the race at the entrance to a known type of water cannon. Said mini-hydraulic turbine may, if necessary, be designed to work drowned; it can be installed on a vertical or horizontal axis, at will.

  In the equipment according to this aspect of the invention, the blades of the turbine can drive a generator which in turn transforms in electric energy the mechanical and kinetic energy acquired by the water, once it is accelerated, advantageously by a mini-forced pipe constituted by a pipe installed between the pump and said turbine, and forcefully projected by the water gun.

  Without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is estimated that the force of the water thus projected by the water gun, being greater than the force of the air passing through the aforesaid nozzles, situated upstream, is suitable for 2879970 9 to give to said hydraulic turbine, by leverage, sufficient power to produce, thanks to appropriate dynamos and / or alternators, the amount of electrical energy necessary for, thirdly, not only power one or more engines electric vehicles contributing to the movement of the vehicle, but also to heat (with appropriate efficient heating means) the water of a boiler coupled to a steam engine, itself connected to the wheels of the vehicle, permanently or preferably disengaged.

  According to an alternative embodiment of the system according to the invention, the aforementioned nozzles may also be provided with metal enclosures, advantageously spherical, intended to contain a fluid, in particular water, and to be heated, for example with water. electricity stored in batteries supplied by the urban electricity network and / or by photovoltaic panels, and also by the movement of the vehicle, or by means of a small gasoline generator, or even by a simple supplementary heating made directly with the sun's rays. In the latter case, one can for example install on each sphere a cupola composed of a multitude of magnifiers oriented so that they permanently focus the sun's rays on the surface of said metal spheres, to bring them to a temperature sufficient to allow instantaneous vaporization of a small amount of water injected under high pressure into said spheres.

  Such means make it possible to generate a gaseous mixture at very high pressure in a suitable enclosure, which can be expelled by the aforementioned nozzles or by others, and capable of rotating dynamos and / or alternators and, by means of motors electrical powered by these alternators, to transmit a thrust to the vehicle.

  The water required for the production of steam can be stored in a tank preferably located under the vehicle. It can be renewed either by the mains water network, or by a system of condensation of the water vapor contained in the ambient air, or again by recycling the steam at its exit from the aforementioned spheres.

  Of course, in the case of the application of the method on a boat, the water concerned can be drawn by means of a pump directly into the sea or the river, and instead of being recycled the steam can be used such that It provides a thrust in addition to the power of the boat's engines.

  Those skilled in the art are able, after routine tests only, to follow the teachings of the present description and to adapt the embodiment to the needs and circumstances.

  Thus, by way of nonlimiting example, after having used the energy produced by one or the other variants of the system according to the invention and stored in appropriate batteries, to reach a speed of about 50.degree. 60 km / h, the vehicle thus equipped can become autonomous or receive additional motor energy thanks to said hydraulic turbine, equipped with its generator, and then would no longer need or almost no need to use hydrocarbon combustion traditional to work.

  However, it is possible to provide a small gasoline or diesel engine to turn the water pump, if necessary, especially in case of premature depletion of the vehicle batteries, especially when it is blocked in traffic jams and / or must drive a long time at a speed significantly lower than 50-60 km / h. However, this situation should only occur in exceptional circumstances, and should not affect the good economy of the vehicle, which is designed to move with a greatly reduced or no consumption of fuel oil products.

  As for the water used optionally or additionally in the system according to the invention, it can advantageously be obtained by condensation from the air containing it, in particular by means of a device called "Capteausphère", described in FIG. patent application FR 0300628 published under the aforementioned No. 2,850,122. A vehicle thus equipped is then endowed with an almost unlimited autonomy.

  Those skilled in the art are able to define in each particular case the optimal dimensions of the components of the system according to the invention, if necessary by carrying out preliminary tests. Apart from the equipment to be installed on the roof or on an upper part of the vehicle (in particular the nozzles and their alternators and / or dynamos associated, the cooling circuit of the condensation device of the water contained in the air, the photovoltaic cells if they are present, as well as the water gun pipe), and others under the vehicle, such as the tank, the equipment intended to be placed in the vehicle can be placed both in the front and in the vehicle. the rear, and can have the smallest possible footprint on the cockpit. However, it is preferable to install at the front of the vehicle: the compressor of the aforesaid water condensing device (which can also be used to produce air conditioning), the water pump and the associated water gun, as well as its auxiliary motor, and the steam engine if provided. This facilitates their natural cooling, while the rear of the vehicle is then placed: the batteries, the transformers, the hydraulic turbine and its generator.

  In principle, the means according to the invention use, in whole or in part according to the variants and embodiments: the Venturi effect (to produce kinetic energy or a surplus of kinetic energy), the principle of expansion gases under the effect of heat and their compressibility (to give a thrust). In this respect, it is important to distinguish between flow and pressure.

  Also, as for cars and other conventional vehicles, it is recommended to add to the vehicle engines dynamos and alternators which, thanks to conventional transmission belts, allow to recover some of the mechanical energy produced by the movement. of the vehicle and turn it into electricity to recharge the batteries in a conventional way.

  Furthermore, it is recommended to the skilled person to pay particular attention to the profiling of the vehicle, to allow to orient and drive to the aforementioned nozzles the largest amount of air possible, without reducing in a manner Too important the aerodynamic qualities of said vehicle.

  Other uses, as well as other embodiments of the objects according to the invention described above are also possible, without departing from the scope of the invention and its scope, defined by the claims, which must be interpreted in light of the description and the accompanying drawings.

Claims (3)

12 CLAIMS   1. A system for propelling a vehicle, said vehicle possibly including a traditional propulsion system, characterized in that it comprises at least one Venturi type fluidization and concentration system integrated in at least one nozzle longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the axis of movement of the vehicle, and, in functional combination with said system, at least one dynamo and / or at least one alternator (14), capable of being activated by said accelerated fluid by Venturi effect and themselves functionally connected to at least one suitable electric motor (11) capable of acting on the vehicle displacement members.   2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it is intended to equip a transport means, preferably a motor vehicle, a boat, an aircraft or an aircraft.   3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses air displaced by the moving vehicle.   4. System according to one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that it uses water or another liquid or mixture of liquids, as functional fluid.   5. System according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one of the electric motors thus actuated acts on a water pump capable of operating in a closed circuit a powerful water gun (1), with advantageous shrinkage of the pipe. supplying said water gun, while the latter is arranged to actuate a hydraulic turbine (10) driving a generator to convert into electrical energy the mechanical and kinetic energy acquired by the water of said closed circuit.   6. System according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises means for the use of at least a portion of the electrical energy produced by said closed circuit of water for the supply of at least one motor electric actuator acting on the moving members of the vehicle.   7. System according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises means for the use of at least a portion of the electrical energy produced by said circuit ferrné water for heating the boiler of a steam engine (4) capable of acting on the vehicle displacement members.   8. System according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a pump and a water gun (1) driven by an auxiliary motor (2) and a cold compressor (3).   9. System according to claim 5, characterized in that the steam engine (4) comprises a water reservoir, to which are connected supply lines (5), while these elements are in functional relation with a chimney and steam and hot air ducts (6).   10. System according to claim 5, characterized in that the pipe (8) of the water gun (1) is in operative connection with a hydraulic turbine (10), while batteries (9) are arranged to be able to to be put in charge.   11. System according to claim 1, characterized in that all or part of said alternators are disposed outside said nozzle.   12. System according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one fan said duct fan, rotatable by the sole force of the wind, is disposed at the inlet of said nozzles.   13. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises in front of each alternator a second turbine, and optionally in front of it also another alternator whose drive pulley is fixed on the same rod as that passing through the tip of a double cone installed as an option to accelerate the air.   14. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a system for collecting water from the ambient air (15).   15. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises photovoltaic cells (16), intended to be arranged on the vehicle, for capturing and converting solar energy.   16. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one accelerator turbine (17) located upstream of the alternator (s) (14).   17. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforesaid nozzles are provided with metal enclosures, preferably spherical, intended to contain a fluid, in particular water, and to be heated by at least one energy source. selected from the electricity stored in batteries supplied by the urban electricity network, photovoltaic panels, the movement of the vehicle, a small gasoline generator, or a simple supplementary heating made directly with the sun's rays, advantageously with concentration by means of a multitude of magnifying glasses.   Vehicle, possibly including a traditional propulsion system, characterized in that it further comprises at least one system according to any one of claims 1 to 17.