FR2878272A1 - Vertical or horizontal composite cloth screen providing protection from sun, has exterior-, reflective- and decorative layers of cloth alternating with air layers - Google Patents

Abstract

The solar protection cloth is a composite. It comprises several layers of differing materials. These layers include a central reflective layer (R), an exterior layer (E) and a layer of decoration (D). Each of the layers has a specific effect which is different and complementary to the others. The layers are separated by intervening air layers, which are formed by attaching the cloth layers in suitably-spaced, partially-closed concave grooves. The grooves are formed in holding bars (A, B, C). Edges of the cloth are thickened (e.g. by rods inserted in seams) for insertion and holding in the grooves.

Description

The present invention relates to a folding system of protections

  polystrate solar horizontal or vertical surfaces and glazed walls usable to protect people, plants and things from the heat of the sun.

  The sunscreen of people is traditionally obtained using screens, usually opaque cloths stretched, horizontal or slightly inclined, between the sun and the ground. The men found that when the sun is in the east, that is, in the morning, it does not heat the house. When the sun is at its zenith it does not heat the places of life because it heats the roof easy to isolate. It is when it is in the west, that is to say in the evening, that the sun becomes painful. Indeed it is when it is in front of my window that the sun is the most painful. And there is no blind that protects from the sun because it is reflective and is not opaque, which allows to see through.

  To protect themselves from the sun, men have always stretched above or in front of them, screens between various supports. But since the industrial period we invented various systems of blinds (not to mention the canisses) which all have a number of drawbacks: The first disadvantage of these solar protections arranged in front of the sun is that the back of these paintings stretched in front of the sun releases heat to people and things below or on the back. In fact, the solar radiation received by the top of the fabric in the form of solar radiation is absorbed by the fabric, then transformed into heat in the fabric and then re-emitted by the back of the fabric in the form of infrared radiation. This is what makes you always feel an unpleasant impression, not to say hard to endure, heat when you are under an ordinary canvas stretched over you, under the sun.

  Admittedly, we have already had the idea, recently, to use metallic or reflective metallized films or canvases lined with reflective film ribbons as sunscreen screens, but all these screens, seen from their backs, or are ugly because they showed a metallic surface, or are only half effective because their face is covered, coated with a decoration that removes all the effectiveness of the non-emitting effect of a reflective surface.

  The second disadvantage of the curtains of current solar shades is that these canvases create areas of embarrassing shadows because, or the obscuration caused is too important because the blinds are always opaque, or we are dazzled by the too much sun when there is no protection. Another disadvantage, none of the existing canvases can see their adjusted reflectivity, easily adapted to the transparency to the desired light without having to change the manufacturing machine or to make complex adjustments, or to remove a reflective tape on two or three which is ugly and not very flexible.

  The third disadvantage is that the few newly developed reflector canvases are very dazzling and annoying for potential neighbors who could be either above the blinds located on the ground floor or in front, in direct view, reflective protective blinds concerned.

  The fourth disadvantage of these recently-developed reflector fabrics is that the reflectors of these fabrics are directly exposed to the weather and to the inevitable fouling outdoors. Thus the current reflector fabrics are quickly degraded, deteriorated. And when they are degraded, they must be completely replaced, in their entirety.

  The fifth disadvantage is that the current sun protection systems bring together in a single product the technical fabric and the decorative fabric, which limits the range of patterns and colors because the industrial launch of a color or a pattern is particularly complex. So changes in decoration of the canvas, changes in patterns or colors are expensive so limited.

  The outdoor solar protection of people is traditionally obtained by stretched blinds, held in place, by various systems such as awnings composed of a cloth wound on one axis and maintained in tension between this winding shaft and another tree itself held in place by a spring-loaded system. Various awning awning systems are also known, such as folded awnings also called boat awnings, but these various awning systems collect and implement the disadvantages and defects of the awnings they are responsible for holding in place.

  The collapsible sun protection system according to the invention overcomes these disadvantages.

  According to a first characteristic, the solar protection system, according to the invention, consists of a conventional mechanical structure intended to support, to move, to maneuver, the holder bars A B C -etc. which themselves carry and maintain in tension the solar protection cloth. Still according to the invention, what serves canvas is cut, subdivided into strips, in small widths, for example 50 to 60 cm in the horizontal and 30 to 40 cm in vertical, arranged parallel, these strips juxtaposed being lined on each side in the direction of their length by rims constituting an extra thickness, a flexible rod diameter of 2 to 6 MM for example. These extra thicknesses are introduced and maintained in the partially closed concave grooves of the carrier bars A B C -etc. adapted, each carrier bar having as many concave grooves as necessary to separate and hold the different layers that make up the composite fabric. The mechanical structure by spacing or approximating these bars A B C -etc. parallel, extends or folds the blind consisting of these parallel strips.

  In a particular embodiment, the composite fabric is divided into strips of small widths which are held individually on their long sides by lateral beads formed on the sides of each lé. These beads used to hold the webs of the canvas in the carrier bars are shaped by multiple simultaneous seams and parallels as they are obtained particularly economically and regularly on multi-needle machines called machines to quilting. In a particular embodiment according to the present invention these beads are obtained by the simultaneous sewing of several strips on a weaving machine which will receive a ring of suitable diameter, for example 3 to 6 mm.

  In order to obstruct the perforations due to the seam, a sealing tape is deposited, for example by ultrasonic welding, on the only lateral seam of each lé located outside the throat of the door bar, and also on the only external face of stratum E. According to a particular embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 1, in the appendix, the strut bars comprise 7 partially closed concave grooves. On its left side, the support bar has 3 concave grooves partially closed, to the left the grooves 1, the groove 3, the groove 5. The bar holder has symmetrically on its right side 3 concave grooves partially closed, or the groove 2, the groove 4, the groove 6. On its underside the carrier bar has the groove 7, centered between the grooves 5 and 6.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, what fulfills the function of the sunscreen itself is composed of several layers, several separate layers of different complementary materials, these layers different from each other are not glued together. on each other but are separated from each other by air knives.

  The different thicknesses of what fills the office of sunscreen, are held individually and separately between the grooves of the carrying carrier bars which have, superimposed, as many concave grooves partially closed that it is necessary to wear well separated the different layers superimposed component sun protection cloth.

  According to the present invention, what acts as a solar protection fabric is composite and comprises several layers, several layers of different materials, each layer of different material having to fulfill a specific function, complementary to the other layers, independently of the other layers, other strata.

  The sunscreen fabric according to the invention must first protect people and things from the heat that ordinary shade cloths re-radiate from below or in their backs. For this purpose, the sun protection fabric according to the present invention comprises, in the middle of its thickness, a stratum R composed of a reflective weave.

  This reflective layer R is protected from corrosion and damage due to the atmosphere by another separate layer E with transparent, waterproof, ultraviolet absorber shielding effect, and located above the reflector R. This reflective woven layer R is also, at its back, hidden from view by another separate stratum D, for example a decorative material arranged, according to the present invention, just below or behind and forming an integral part of the composite fabric.

  Each stratum is cut into strips each installed between the grooves of the bar holder for it.

  In a particular embodiment of the composite fabric according to the present invention, the strips of the material constituting the reflective woven layer R are stretched successively, according to FIG. 1, between the grooves A4 and B3 and then between the grooves B4 and C3, etc. .. grooves successive bars-canvases.

  The strips of the protective screen material, transparent sealed installed above the woven reflector R are tensioned successively between the grooves A2 and B1 and between the grooves B2 and C 1 15 etc. successive bars, according to FIG. 1.

  Similarly, the strips of material D, decorative material disposed below the reflective weave R to hide it are stretched between the grooves A6 and B5 and between the grooves B6 and C5 etc. successive carrier bars.

  The present invention thus makes it possible not only to easily change the decorative material, thus to have easily and at a low cost a wide range of decorations, but also to replace the decorative material alone without having to change the entire fabric when one wants to change of scenery.

  In the case where it is desired that the underside of the holder bar itself is not visible, we can stretch the decorative material D directly between the grooves A7 then B7 then C7 25 etc ... portetoiles bars successive, and this according to Figure 1.

  In this case the grooves A6-B5, B6-05, C6-etc. will be able to receive the successive layers of a stratum S of an additional component adapted to the technical problem felt that one would like to solve, the additional advantage that one would like to add to the composite fabric for example an insulation component or complementary protection.

  Likewise, the first and last grooves of the first and last bars of the blind can be used to receive a lambrequin or any other decorating trim or vertical protection.

  According to the present invention, the material constituting the stratum E will have, inter alia, the following characteristics: It will be composite and add the advantages of several different components, It will be transparent to incoming and outgoing solar radiation, so as not to reduce the efficiency the reflector R layer which is located below.

  It may be loaded with a material that will slightly mask the brilliance of the reflector R in the event that the fabric is located under windows or installed in such a condition that the brilliance of the reverberated solar radiation would cause discomfort to other people in the room. above.

  It will resist tearing even when primed by being reinforced by a grid whose filaments will not be fixed at their crossings so that they can slide towards each other in case of beginning tearing and thus add their mechanical strength.

  It will be transparent to light solar radiation (0.4 to 0.8 microns) but will filter ultraviolet radiation and degrade other materials, and it will filter and resist perfectly not only solar radiation but also other radiation such as lunar or otherwise from space just as destructive. It will be insensitive and will withstand atmospheric aggressions, including water and rain, and will provide screens weatherproof small summer. The fact of having a small screen of protection against the rain makes it possible not to be obliged to return the seats, the furniture, the cushions, the deckchairs in case of light rain. A rainproof screen also allows, and it is nice, to stay on the terrace in case of small drizzle or if it comes to fall 2 or 3 drops.

  It may be welded by any means but in particular by ultrasound so that it can be made to obtain a waterproof screen without perforations contrary to sewing modes.

  For this the lateral edges of each leg, constituting the extra thicknesses introduced into the grooves of the rods, will not be sewn to the sewing machine because each stitch is a hole through which the water will pass, but, on the contrary these edges will be constituted by thermal or ultrasonic welding because the weld is completely sealed.

  Among other technical solutions available on the market, and falling within a claim of the present invention, the complexing of a polyester film, single or double, on a single or multiple extrusion, polyethylene, or any other treated material anti-UV with incorporation of a grid whose reinforcing filaments are not fixed together to allow them to slide and add the resistance of the first to that of the second etc., is a good solution according to the present invention.

  It provides good resistance to atmospheric and other attacks. The use of a fabric tarpaulin very open mesh filled with unloaded transparent PVC is also a solution to obtain the protective screen E. According to the present invention the first layer E, separated from the reflector R, independent, will take load all external aggression, atmospheric and other and can be replaced separately without having to replace the entire canvas since it is independently fixed in small width bands between the grooves A2-B1, B2-C 1, C2-etc. ..

  According to the present invention the material constituting the reflector layer R will have, among others, the following characteristics: It will be reflective of the solar radiation on its face exposed to the sun. For this it will consist of a material whose surface is reflective. Metallized or metallic aluminum-based film surfaces are a conventional solution, but other metals may be used.

  The present invention claims the use of films of stainless materials as reflective screen = non emitting solar radiation, bright but also thermal. It will be reflector = no emitter in its back of the thermal radiation on its back face or directed towards the ground. For this the rear face of the reflector will be made of a material whose surface is also reflective, so as to use the non-emissivity characteristics of the reflector surfaces.

  In fact, it is necessary to remember that a reflector works by its two surfaces: a / by its reflective front which reflects the radiation, but also b / and, just as much, by its back also reflective and not emitting heat. Thus the reflective rear face = non emitter of a reflector does not emit radiation, so keeps the heat and participates in the efficiency of the reflector.

  It will not be opaque, so continuous, so as to create a cool shadow, clear, and not to overly obscure the living areas. For that it will not be continuous, but will present an interrupted surface, with regular lacks. The discontinuity can be obtained by the perforation but it will be more easily obtained by the use of strips juxtaposed.

  Reflective fabrics are already used, particularly in the field of horticulture, but these fabrics are all made on Rachel knitting machines. The use of the Rachel loom makes it possible to introduce fragile reflective ribbons with a width that is difficult to modify in the very difficult-to-change mesh of a sturdy knit and thus provides the advantage of giving a product which is very resistant to tearing and to the coarse ones. mechanical stresses as is essential when using the reflector screen alone.

  The use of warp and weft looms has the drawback of making a more mechanically fragile product than that of the Rachel looms, but only the looms offer the advantage of being able to change not only the width of the ribbons but also of being able to easily change the space between the ribbons. On a loom it will be easy to modify the gap between two reflective tapes following and thus to adapt the transparency, the quality of the shading, the reflectivity rate and the technical characteristics of the reflector, but above all it will be easy to change the aesthetic appearance of the reflector. Indeed on a loom we can juxtapose ribbons of different widths, we can vary the spaces between two ribbons, we can change the design of the chain, the design of the frame, and this to the liking, the vagaries of decorators the most demanding.

  Only the weaving technique claimed in the present invention makes it possible to obtain a central reflector R easily modifiable in technical performance and in appearance: - In the weft direction, the reflector strips are inserted in a textile weave whose duitage can be adapted to obtain the desired transparencies as well as the coefficients of reflectivity, therefore shading, expected.

  - In the warp direction, the reflective strips are held by the binding of an armor (taffeta, twill, satin, and all other armor components of these basic armor) whose retraction can be made in tracking, amalgamated, per packet or in yarn or any other warp armor compositions. Thus, according to the invention, it is possible to modify not only the space, the interstice, between the strips, therefore the transparency or reflectivity coefficient, therefore the thermal efficiency, therefore and also the quality of the shading brought, but still change the overall aesthetic appearance of the weaving considered as a whole.

  - Only the technique of weaving, claimed according to the present invention, allows to easily change the width of the strip, the space, the gap between two strips, so the characteristics of technical efficiencies, but also the visual organization, the arrangement and the aesthetic appearance of the reflector R. The warp yarns will be positioned between each strip and the titrations will be chosen so as to adjust as desired the spaces between each strip.

  The maintenance of the strips by the weaving according to the present invention is the only method that reconciles the requirements of an industrial manufacture with the flexibility necessary to satisfy the clientele of a product which thus becomes and now a decorative element.

  - Only it makes it possible to easily modify, not only the widths of the strips, the spaces as well as the interstices between the strips, but especially the organization of the succession of the different widths of strips and their arrangements. It allows, alone, to meet all the requirements not only technical but also aesthetic advanced.

  Being able to separate the reflector function R from the other functions, whose mechanical strength function, as claimed in the present invention, allows the use of weaving for the mechanical support of the ribbons.

  It will also be possible to use the bonding adhesion technique on a transparent support to modify the widths and interstices between the ribbons.

  The reflective layer R will be free at its back so as to use all the advantages of reflective surfaces including non-emissivity. Indeed, the non-emissivity not only allows to return the radiation from the front but in addition to not emit by the back of the reflector the little energy that the front face, exposed to the sun, would have absorbed.

  For this it will be necessary that a continuous air gap separates each of the layers. The present invention, by separating the grooves portetoiles bars of Figure 1, allows to have the air gap between the front face of the reflector R exposed to the sun screen E which protects it, and to have also the air gap that separates the non-emitting face of the reflector R of the screen D which masks the reflector R. This condition, essential for the operation of the present invention, is filled thanks to the metal profile of the door bar -toiles according to Figure 1 of the present invention. This profile has, on each of its sides, at least three concave grooves partially closed, superimposed and spaced so as to maintain a space so a continuous air gap between the different strata of the fabric over the entire width of each lé, de each band of the composite canvas. To carry the layer of the decorative material D situated below the reflector R, the metal support profile also comprises, according to FIG. 1, a groove 7 located at its bottom, in the middle between the grooves 5 and 6.

Claims (15)

CLAIMS.   1 / Reflective solar protection system on a suitable composite screen-cloth, energy transporting radiation including foldable thermal energy for horizontal and vertical surfaces exposed to the sun. This system consists of a conventional mechanical structure for its operation and use. This conventional mechanical structure supports and controls portetoiles bars which carry a sun protection cloth, subdivided into strips, into small width strips arranged in parallel. The system is characterized in that the solar protection fabric is composite and consists of several layers, of several layers of different materials, including a central reflector layer R, an outer layer E, a decorative layer D. Each layer having a different and complementary specific effect, it is also characterized in that the layers are separated from each other by the air knives obtained through their mode of maintenance in the superimposed and suitably spaced grooves arranged on symmetrically-filled carrier bars on each side of sufficiently concave grooves partially closed and superimposed, each side of each stratum is trimmed on each of its sides in the direction of their length by rims having extra thicknesses which are introduced and maintained in the grooves of the support bars adapted.   2 / system for solar protection by reflection on a composite screen according to claim 1 / comprising a composite solar protection fabric with several layers of different materials with complementary effects characterized in that the central reflective layer R, located in the middle of the The thickness of the fabric, is reflective of solar radiation, is non-opaque to light, does not emit heat by, in his back thanks to the nonemissivity characteristics of the back of the reflector R, is aesthetic to the view thanks to the screen D, is waterproof and glare-free over, is protected and protects against mild weather with the stratum E. The composite fabric according to the invention is thus composed of several different materials whose happy association gives all of properties superior to those of each of its constituents and superior to those of all existing sunscreen on the market so far.   3 / solar protection system by reflection on a composite screen according to the preceding claims characterized in that the central reflective stratum R of the fabric consists of strips of metallic material or metallized reflector, these strips are juxtaposed regularly spaced , not continuous in a support or on a support for easily modifying the intervals, the interstices between the strips and separately the width of the strips and so the reflector, not only is not opaque, but it is easy to 'modify its reflectivity, the amount of radiation it will filter or it will return to the sky and so en. to precisely adapt the quality of the shading obtained.   4 / system for solar protection by reflection on a composite screen according to the preceding claims characterized in that the central reflective layer R of the screen fabric consists of strips of metallic material or metallized reflector and that these strips are, in the weft direction inserted in a textile weaving weaving, the weaving of the loom can be adapted to obtain all the desired characteristics (coefficients of transparency, reflectivity, variations in aesthetic aspects).   In the warp direction these strips will be maintained by the binding of an armor (taffeta, twill, satin, and all other armor components of these basic armor) whose insertion can be achieved in tracking, amalgam, packet or wire with wire or any other warp armor compositions.   The son used for the chain of this fabric will be positioned between each strip and the titrations will be chosen so as to adjust as desired the spaces, the intervals between each strip.   Maintaining the strips by the weaving according to the present claim is the only industrial system which makes it possible to easily modify, not only the widths of the strips, the intervals as well as the interstices between the strips, but especially to obtain a non continuous organization, not regular therefore a rhythm in the succession and the provision of strips of different widths. It allows, alone, to meet all the requirements not only technical but also aesthetic presented by the clientele not for a canvas, but for a complete sun protection, because it is not the web that interests the customer but it is the complete sunscreen ..   5 / solar protection system by reflection on a composite screen-screen according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the central reflective layer R of the screen fabric, consists of strips of metallic material or metallized reflector and that these strips are adhered by bonding or solder on a transparent support and adapted so that it is easy to change the width of the strips and the space between the strips.   6 system for solar protection by reflection on a composite screen fabric according to the preceding and following claims, characterized in that the central reflective layer R of the fabric that it comprises is protected from external atmospheric and other external aggressions by a composite outer layer E, waterproof and transparent, consisting of transparent tear-resistant materials, which these materials filter and resist to ultraviolet, that these materials make it possible to constitute a waterproof screen, that these materials can be welded in such a way as to avoid the perforations of the sewing, and that these materials can be lightly loaded with a product which slightly reduces the transparency so as to reduce the brightness of the reflector R when this brightness has a disadvantage. Among other possible solutions to guarantee the protection of the reflector against external aggressions, the outer layer E will consist of a multilayer film composed of a single or multiple polyester film complexed on a single or multiple extrusion of polyethylene, or other materials, treated against ultraviolet, incorporating a textile grid whose reinforcing strands are not welded. A PVC coating on a transparent fabric with very open mesh is also a solution.   7 / System for solar protection by reflection on a composite screen-screen according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the central reflective layer R of the screen fabric is protected by a separate independent screen E which will take care of all atmospheric external aggressions and others and that this screen E, divided into small strips, into independent strips, can be replaced separately without having to replace all the canvas when only one element of the blind has been damaged.   8 / system for solar protection by reflection on a composite screen fabric according to the preceding claims and following characterized in that the central reflective layer R of the screen fabric is separated from the ground and views by an independent screen constituting a decoration D. This decoration D can be any material used only to protect the back of the reflector and to hide the shine but it can also be made of a decorative fabric sought, refined. Thus it will be easy to have a wide range of solar protection cloths and to adapt, at very low cost and in a very short time, the palette available locally to the most varied native tastes. When we want to change the decorative pattern or color we are no longer obliged, thanks to this claim, to replace all the canvas. We have separated the technique, referring to engineers speaking only of productivity, therefore of quantities, of decoration, domain of artists dreaming only of originality and not supporting mass production.   9 / solar protection system by reflection on a composite screen according to the preceding claims characterized in that the central reflector R of the screen fabric is separated from the ground or views by a decorative screen D independent and that the decoration screen D can, when the user wants to change the scenery, be replaced separately without having to replace all the canvas. One can even replace a single width of the decorative canvas without having to replace the entire apparent surface of the entire sunscreen.   10 / Sun protection system by reflection on a composite screen fabric according to the preceding and following claims characterized in that the different layers, the various components of the screen are separated from each other by an air gap which forces the energy to be transmitted to each other by radiation. This air gap is constituted by the distances that separate the axes of superimposed grooves, the bar (Figure 1) is furnished.   11 / system for solar protection by reflection on a composite screen fabric according to the preceding and following claims characterized in that the length of the screen fabric is divided into independent sub-elements of small dimensions and that each element, and even each component of each item, can be replaced or repaired separately without having to replace all the canvas if all is not damaged or to change.   12 / solar protection system by reflection on a composite screen according to the preceding claims characterized in that the central reflective layer R of the screen fabric consists of one or more thicknesses of stainless material such as stainless steel , corrosion-resistant metals that do not need to be protected against corrosion and atmospheric and other aggressions that degrade all reflectors = non-emitting current reflector screens.   13 / system for solar protection by reflection on a composite screen according to the preceding claims wherein a / screen is divided into small width strips, wherein b / the screen is composite and consists of several complementary layers, separated and superposed, according to the preceding claims, and characterized in that the bars which bear the different strata of said screen fabric (Figure 1) are symmetrically lined on each side of several, at least 2 and preferably 3 concave grooves partially closed (A1-A2, A3-A4, A5-A6). These grooves receive the lateral beads formed on the sides of the strips, on the sides of the strips in which the fabric is divided. The system is also characterized in that the carrier bars also have a groove (A7) located below between the two lower lateral grooves (A5-A6), this groove (A7) of the bottom for carrying a decorative material. D that will hide the barbell itself.   14 / Reflective solar protection system on a composite screen fabric according to the preceding and the preceding claims wherein the composite screen fabric is divided into strips of small widths held individually on their long sides by lateral beads formed on the sides of each and characterized in that these beads for holding the fabric in the carrier bars are constituted by multiple simultaneous seams and parallel such that they are obtained particularly economically and regularly on multi-needle machines called machines to quilting. A composite sunshade sunshade system according to the preceding claims wherein the composite screen fabric is divided into strips of small widths held individually on their long sides by lateral beads formed on the sides of each lé, and characterized in that these bulge ts are formed on each stratum by the seam of a strip in which is introduced a ring.   16 / solar protection system by reflection on a composite screen according to the preceding claims wherein the composite screen fabric is divided into strips of small widths held individually on their long sides by lateral beads formed on the sides of each lé, and characterized in that the seams exposed to the weather are sealed by the installation of a sealing tape.   17 / System for solar protection by reflection on a composite screen-screen according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite screen-screen comprises one or more additional components held in grooves provided adapted canopies.