FR2841143A1 - FIREWALL CLOSURE AND COMPOSITE WIRE USED FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF - Google Patents

Abstract

A fire stop (5) serves to separate two spaces (2) from one another, it can be brought from a waiting position to an operational position, it is flexible and is constituted, at least in part, at least one textile material that can be unwound from an axis (18). The fire closure (5) has, at least in its operative position, opposing outer layers each of which is arranged to face one of the spaces (2) and at least one inner layer comprising a flame retardant or resistant material. fire. The fire closure (5) thus formed is constituted, at least in part, by a plurality of individual elements (15 ') which are superposed and articulated together, which form at least two layers, with the individual elements (15). ') a layer facing the junctions between the elements of the other layer, and / or which are made as pockets which are accessible at least temporarily from at least one side, to be able to fill them with a flame retardant or resistant material fire. It is possible to use here a composite wire covered, whose core can be destroyed in case of fire, while the covering material is fire-resistant and thus allows limited extension.

Description

different colors to identify said areas.

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  FEW CUTTING CLOSURE AND COMPOSITE YARN USED FOR SA

PRODUCTION

  The invention relates to a fireproof closure according to the prearnbule of the

  claim 1 and a composite yarn according to the pre-limb of claim 7.

  There are various curtains of fire protection, which are generously ventilated. ally made with flame retardant textile materials that can be d2. hrouler of an axis and which take o on it relatively little place. The problem is that the effectiveness of these textile materials alone is limited, even when they are scattered in several successive layers. It was therefore suggested that at least one envelope of textile material be made and

  to fill this envelope with at least one flame retardant or fireproof material.

  The problem here is that in case of fire, this material has. tendency to sink to the bottom of the envelope and stay there, widening the envelope while in the upper part there is no longer fireproof material or fire resistant. Now, as the heat

  ascends, it is precisely in the upper part that the protection is important.

  The object of the invention is to distribute at least one fire-resistant or fire-resistant material in a more homogeneous manner or in a desired arrangement, over the entire length of a fire-stop, to ensure an improvement in the protection against a fire. external fire. Another objective is to keep the layout compact and flexible. These objectives are achieved with the traits

  features as claimed in claim 1.

  In such an arrangement, the same amount of fire-resistant or fire-retardant material is provided in individual elements forming the innermost layer, over the entire length of the fire stop, so as to guarantee the distribution

desired homogeneous material.

  On the other hand, there is the danger of the presence of poets, they let the heat pass between individual elements. Certainly, one can consider stuffing the elements and expand them until their side dimensions are intimate contact to ensure a good seal against heat. However, this is done to the detriment of mobility and flexibility. Also, it is possible to envisage arranging the edges

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  above the individual elements in the manner of the tulles of a tone 'and fix them on an inner layer, for example cloth. Under these conditions, the teas of the elements can move freely and, in case of alarm and unwinding, they can easily get out of their normal position. These problems are avoided, thanks to the characteristics of claim 2 and especially of claim 3. It is particularly advantageous that the fire-resistant closure according to the invention is carried out in the manner indicated in claim 4. It is then possible to keep the textile material comprising pockets in reserve and, when necessary, filling the open pockets with a material of a type and in a quantity which will depend on the desired fire resistance, particular characteristics of the space to be protected, its classification and the protection regulations governing it. Then, the pockets can be closed, but this is not mandatory. The pockets may be left open when the flame retardant or fire-resistant material is not allowed to sink, for example when the material is taterally introduced, as in the case of pillows. The object of claim 3 is an arrangement which has proved to be particularly advantageous, particularly when it is implemented in accordance with the

claim 6.

  The pockets can be accessed from one side or from both sides. This

  is particularly comfortable with the features of the claim 7.

  As mentioned above, the invention allows, in all cases, to introduce different materials into the accessible pockets. It may be a material that swells under the effect of an extinguishing medium or a projected cooling medium, such as water or a material. : which undergoes an expansion when it is exposed to heat. In these cases, it must be possible to allow the thickness of the fire barrier to increase in the event of a fire, whereas in normal times this thickness must be reduced in order to be able to easily pull the textile material. However, when the thickness is important, the winding becomes difficult if the textile material or the son do not have a certain elasticity, in the manner of the rubber. However,

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  currently, it is not possible to use rubber for fire closures. To ensure this elasticity, it is proposed according to the invention, the use of a composite wire with the characteristics of claim 8. As soon as a fire is triggered, the core material is destroyed by the effect of extinguishing medium or in particular or in accordance with claim 9 and / or claim 10, cooling by the effect of heat. In the latter case, the material of the core, when it melts, can flow laterally through the yarn, o virtually without leaving a residue. The remaining yarn has a greater length than the yarn of the core and can withstand in a predetermined manner the pressure produced by the expansion or expansion of the fire-retardant or fire-resistant material. Its extensibility is chosen according to the intended use. This extensibility depends essentially on the following factors: the larger the core, the greater the length of the wrapping wire available for expansion; unless the wrapping of the wrapping thread is tightened (number of turns per unit length of the core), the less there will be wrapping thread available for extension. When the strength of the core and the strength of the textile material are determined (this is particularly useful when the composite yarn of the invention is not used solely for sewing pockets), the desired extensibility can be ensured by modifying the density

  with which the wrapping thread is wound on the core.

  When the wrapping wire is a wire or a wire of boron, the extensibility of the wire

  composite is also influenced by the elasticity of these materials.

  Other details of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows.

  examples of execution shown schematically in the figures. In these figures: o fig. 1 represents a space with a firewall; fig. 2 is a sectional view of the firewall curtain according to the invention, shown in FIG. 1; fig. 3 is another embodiment of a firewall rid in accordance with the invention;

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  fig. 3A is an enlarged partial view showing the structure of an individual element or pocket; s fig. 4 is another detailed view; fig. 5 shows an arrangement of the pockets other than that of FIG. 3A, for example in a curtain such as that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2; o figs. 6A and 6B show a composite yarn according to the invention for special uses; fig. 7 illustrates this use; and

  fig. 8 illustrates a variant of the arrangement of FIG. 5.

  Fig. 1 shows the interior of a room with wickets or a shopping center in a classic building with at least two floors. To allow light to enter, a glass structure (not shown in Fig. 1) is provided above the uprights 1 and is equipped with a hatch for evacuation.

  smoke, in accordance with the regulations on fire protection.

  The two uprights 1 carry a vault of a cupola room delimit an opening of a space and contiguous access 2 each comprise a ceiling 3. On

  provides, for these accesses 2, an evacuation for the fumes (ron represented).

  In the event of a fire, which may occur only in the area of the frontal dome room, in the area of the passageways surrounding this room or in another boundary space, the first step to be taken is to prevent the smoke from spreading through the rooms. passages 2 in the cupola room and cool off to return to the ground floor, where the staff can be found. It is necessary to seek a

  evacuate the fumes by the shortest possible route.

  To this end, in the area between the passages 2 and the cupola room which is in front and between the uprights 1, there is provided a firm housing 4, the box type. This housing 4 has, on the inside, an axis 18 for a curtain against fire and smoke, which, if necessary, can be lowered in the ill'.stree way, from its waiting position to the interior of housing 4 has its operational position, where it separates the two

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  spaces. To this end, the curtain 5 is provided in its lower part, a closing bar 6, the weight of which serves to hold the curtain stiff runner in its operative position, while in the waiting position, it comes close the slot allowing the exit of the curtain 5, to at least limit the entry of hot smoke inside the housing 4. As already mentioned, the fire curtain 5 is ccnstituee a textile material which is divided according to all the width of the fire curtain 5, in individual elements', of elongated shape. Each of these individual elements 15 'constitutes a room, a bag, a pipe or a pillow, which contains a flame-retardant or fire-resistant material, whereas the textile sheath between two pillows constitutes a

<< articulation>.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the inner layer 15e contains, for example, an additive blended with fire-retardant or fire-resistant material or it consists solely of such an additive, which, when exposed to heat, decomposes or is transformed in a gas having a cooling effect (relative of course, considering the temperature of the fire). In the simplest variant, this gas comes from water which is transformed into steam under the effect of the heat of the fire, provided that the temperature of the fireproof closure is maintained for a certain period of time. C. In order to ensure a regular release of water vapor, it is advantageous to provide that the inner layer is made of a foam of a flame retardant or fire-resistant mineral material which initially contains the interior of its walls. pores, the gas used for expansion, normally air. By introducing such a porous foam into a sealed chamber and then applying a defect, the gas is evacuated from the pores. Then, let the toilet enter the chamber and let the vice return to the original pressure, so that the pores

  moss eagerly absorb the water.

  Other flame retardant or fire-resistant materials as described, for example, in DE-196 11 515, the contents of which are included by reference. A material which is expanded under the action of extinguishing water or other extinguishing liquid or heat and which, in the unexpanded state, makes it easy to wind the fire curtain around the axis,

  but which, in case of fire, thickens and thus increases the diisolation effect.

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  As mentioned above, the textile envelope between two "pillows" constitutes an "articulation". This articulation is. as it appears in fig. 1, substantially thinner and it constitutes a "bridge">, by which the heat of the fire could pass from one space to another. In order to avoid this, provision is made, according to one aspect of the present invention, for the fire curtain to comprise at least two layers 5a, 5b and for the individual elements 15 'of each layer to face the junctions of the other layer. in other words, that behind each articulation a, there will be a complete individual element 15 '. Naturally, we can foresee more

  o two layers where desirable.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, such a staggered arrangement of the layers can be achieved with two fire curtains 5a, 5b made of individual elements 15 'and can be wound separately. In this case, it is sufficient that the two curtains 5a, 5b are provided with a common weight in the form of a closing bar 6 as already mentioned and realized as divulcable in German Patent No. 196 55 126 and also in the document DE-A-196 10 532, incorporated herein by reference to avoid lengths. In another variant (not shown), it is possible to provide winding axes for the curtains 5a, 5b which wind under each other and which co-operate mechanically or whose operation is synchronized, for example electrically, in such a way that the individual elements 15 'of the curtain 5b are all at the same level as the junctions of the

  curtain 5a, that is to say at the joints 15a.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, the individual elements 15 ', made in the form of chambers, bags, tubes or "pillows", are accessible, at least temporarily, from at least one side. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it is advantageous that the dimension 1 5b (FIG 1) remains open until filling (from one side or from both sides), by a material

  o flame retardant or fireproof, chosen according to the area of use and needs.

  In this way, storage can be simplified. After filling with fire-retardant or heat-resistant material, the pouches may vary depending on the nature of the material in question - also remain open when there is no risk of loss of material. For example, materials that have a wind expansion

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  often supplied in the form of single plates and simply installed by sliding them sideways. Also, the pockets can be closed by various known means, by sewing, gluing, etc. It is also possible to provide a panel which slides into the pocket opening (like a pillow) to cover the fire-retardant or fire-resistant material and prevent it from sinking. Although it is preferable, as illustrated in fig. 1 and in FIG. 2, that the individual elements 15 'extend over the entire width of the curtain, the invention is not limited to

  o this variant. The figs. 3 and 3A illustrate another alternative embodiment.

  The front view 3 shows a curtain 5c, when it is rolled from its axis. Here, there is another embodiment of the curtain 5c, wherein curtain 5c is constituted of "pillows" p of fibers, which are disposed spaced apart by distances a and b, in two mutually perpendicular directions. and which promote the evaporation of a protective fluid against fire adds, such as water or the conversion of a fluid into a chemical compound (see Fig. 7). The distances a and b can be the same or different. The details of this arrangement, however without elements forms like pockets, wind given in the document already

mentions DE-A-196 10 532.

  The pockets may be sewn on a support material, to then receive flame retardant or fire-resistant material fibers, impregnated or soaked in accordance with DE-A196 523 and in the manner to be described in connection with: FIG. 3A. Also, the individual elements p 'can be superimposed on the

  junctions, as illustrated in FIG. 3 by a discontinuous head.

  Fig. 3A illustrates a material 9 forming a pocket sewn externally with a solid thin thread according to 8, in the lower part and on the sides, while the high so remains accessible at least during the introduction and introduction from the top of the material fireproof or fireproof. As has already been mentioned, such a pocket can be made to receive a material susceptible to expansion. In this case, there is the problem that the mass, likely to expand, must be able to expand the pocket. The way this is made possible is illustrated in Figs. 6A and 6B, by providing a seam 10 made with a thread

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  composite according to the invention. This composite yarn has the property of yielding under the effect of extinguishing water or fire-extinguishing medium released by the fire and / or the heat of the fire: for this purpose, the core of the composite yarn ccde and releases the wrapping yarns, initially arranged in a spiral, which can then lie to a certain extent. As examples of materials capable of yielding under the effect of quenching water, mention may be made of alginates. Synthetic fibers capable of melting with heat are also well known to those skilled in the art. It is obvious that instead of seams 8 and 10, it can predict only one seam

  or use glue or the like to ensure adherence.

  DE-196 11 515 and DE-A-196 10 532 already mentioned describe a fire-retardant or fire-resistant material, which is particularly useful for the fire curtain according to the present invention and which is realist with textile materials. It comprises an outer textile layer 7g, having a multitude of apertures / pores 32. These openings 32 serve to increase the strength of resistance of the fire stop in case of fire, thanks to the expelled gas, which has an effect and forms an insulated boundary layer. The inner layer 15e of the pocket may comprise - next to a flame-retardant or fire-resistant material - a material or be made of a material which, in the event of a fire, is transformed or decomposed into a gas providing a cooling (relative well emend, considering the temperature of the fire). The simplest case of emission of such a gas is that of water, which is transformed into water vapor under the effect of the heat of the fire and thus maintains for some time the temperature of the closure firebreak at 100 C. The water may be present in the form of water of

  crystallization or it may have been introduced into the pores of a porous material.

  Attaching the pockets by sewing or stitching is naturally an operation that requires work. The pockets can be made more simply, as will be described hereinafter in connection with the embodiment of FIG. 5. Here, a triple fabric is used (a double fabric can also be envisaged, as well as a fabric with more than three layers, as is the case in the embodiment variant of the present invention.

  Fig. 8). The manufacture of these multiple fabrics is well known in the textile industry.

  This textile can be, for example and as described in documents DE-A c

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  mentioned, a fiberglass fabric and / or carbon fiber, ceramic,

silicon or polycarbonate.

  The arrangement comprises a support layer 11b made, where appropriate, of a more resistant material with warp threads 12 (only one is shown), which carries, on both sides, layers of pockets 11a, 11b. c with chain son 13 and 14, respectively, made, for example, n finer material and extending, as in the case of FIG. 1, over the entire width of the curtain. It is advantageous, during manufacture, to use for the warp threads 12 on the one hand and o for the warp threads 13, 14 on the other hand, a different warp beam. The warp threads 13, 14 of the fixed wind pockets to the frame threads 10 'co-operating with the support layer 11, at the fastening points 19, as is customary in the case of double fabrics. However, when it is necessary to provide an expansion such as that provided by the seam 10, it is possible to use, for the frame wires 16, the wires

  composites according to the invention, which will be discussed in connection with FIGS. 6A and 6B.

  As can be seen, the structure is made so that the pockets with the warp threads 13 are in front of the junction between the two pockets contiguous with the threads.

  chain 14, so that no chain bridge can be formed.

  Under these conditions, three superimposed layers of tissue, formed by the chain son 12 - 14 wind fixed together, which offers advantages in comparison with the embodiment of FIG. 2. It is not absolutely necessary for the arrangement to use multi-layered fabrics, and other textile materials, such as nonwovens, which can be fixed together, for example, by an adhesive, can be used. or similar. The three textile layers delimit two layers of pockets respectively staggered, which wind filled with a

  flame retardant or fireproof material and which constitute the individual elements 15 '.

  The figs. 6A and 6B illustrate two extreme situations: composite wire 10 or 10 'according to the invention. In the case of FIG. 6A, it is a relatively thin wrapping thread 16 wound in a helix, having a pitch h auhur of a central wire 17 with a diameter D which is relatively high. While the material of the core wire 17 is destroyed by the effect of an extinguishing medium, or destroyed or, preferably, melted by heat, the material of the wrapping wire 16 resists fire. Since the central wire 17 is relatively large and the pitch h of the helix is relatively small, it does not remain after the

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  destruction of the material of the central thread that the helix wrapping yap and under these conditions, a relatively long wire length is available to allow, both in the case of sewing thread 10 (Figure 3A) q., e in that of the frame wire 10 '(FIG 5), an increase in volume of the material 5 5e able to expand, while maintaining the textile layers together. Depending on the nature of the fire-retardant or fire-resistant material being envisaged or used, it is possible to use a less flexible or not very extensible composite yarn, in particular a yarn with a higher pitch H and / or a core yarn. 17 with a smaller diameter d (Fig. 6B). It is not essential that the core 17 is constituted by a single wire, but it may be a bundle of wires or filaments, just as it may also be the case, at least in principle for the wire of In addition, it is advantageous for the guipag yarn <! either a metal or boron wire, because in addition to the limited extent described, these wire; have a certain elasticity / flexibility, because they form a helix and this makes it possible to elastically retain the material 15e when it is expanded (when an expandable material is available in the chambers). It is advantageous to use the composite yarn according to the invention in the regions of the edges of the elements 15, where the expansion of the flame-retardant or heat-resistant material makes its effects more particularly felt. The invention is, however, not limited to such use of the limited extensibility composite yarn and can be used over the entire surface of the element 15. For example, at the edges of an element, the composite wire shown in FIG. (A, while in its part

  central, one can use the composite wire shown on the lig. 6B.

  Fig. 7 illustrates another use of such a composite yarn 10 ", which in this case is used to form stitching lines in an inner layer 15e of fire-retardant or fire-resistant material and lying between two outer layers 7, In order to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the material in question, when the curtain is suspended, here again the particular properties of the composite yarn described above allow an extension the 10 "sewing line when expanding fireproof material

or resistant to heat 15th.

  As has already been indicated, the arrangement with pockets according to the invention makes it possible to keep the elements of the curtain in stock and not to put them in the pockets.

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  flame retardant or fireproof material required, at the time of purchase or installation. In this way, it is only once in its operative position in an opening of a space, for example between two uprights (FIG 1), that the fire-resistant closure will present the internal valve 15e realized in fireproof or fireproof material. Moreover, if the use of the composite yarn described in relation to FIGS. 6A and 6B is indeed advantageous, it is not essential. Such composite yarns could also be used in place of or in addition to chain yarns, preferably at least in the

  regions of the edges of the individual elements.

  Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of a layered fabric with outer pocket layers 11a and 11c and two inner layers 11b and 11b. In this arrangement, two outer pockets 15 'each surround an inner pocket

  The fixing points 19 can be made as in the case of Fig. 5.

  In each of the pockets 15, 15 ', the flame retardant material can be introduced into

fireproof required.

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  List of references 1 Uprights 2 Passage 3 Ceiling.!), Housing s 5 Fire curtain 6 Closing bar 7 Outer layer '\ External seam 9 Pocket material 10 Internal seam, 10', frame wire 11 Support layer 12 Chain wire, 11 o 13 Pocket chain wire (left) 14 Pocket chain wire (right) 'Element individual with p p', individual elements a: articulation b, lateral opening s 15e: flame retardant or resistant to light 16 Covering material 17 Middle wire 18 Pin 19 Fixing point 32 Pores

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Claims (12)

  1. A fire closure (5) for separating two spaces (21 from each other, which can be brought from a waiting position to an operative position, which is flexible, which is constituted, at least in part, at least one textile material capable of being produced from an axis (18) and which, at least in the operative position, close the opening between the two spaces, has two opposing external layers (7, 7), each facing one of the two spaces (2) and at least one inner layer, comprising a flame-retardant or fire-resistant material (1 5e), which fire-stop closure (5) is characterized in that it is made in a textile material and comprising, besides the two outer layers (7, 7), an inner layer (1 5e) made of flame retardant or fire-resistant material and formed,   at least in part, of individual elements (15 ') superimposed and articulated together.   Fire-resistant closure according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual elements (15 ') are arranged in at least two layers (5a, 5b), or   individual elements (15 ') of a wind layer in front of the junctions of the other layer.   Fire-resistant closure according to claim 2, characterized in that the superimposed wind layers held together by a flexible member (12 - 14, fig.) 4. Fire-resistant closure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements (15 ') are made in the form of chambers, bags, tubes or as "pillows" and in that these chambers, bags, tubes or pillows are accessible, depending on the type of pouch, at least temporarily and from at least one side, in order to introduce the   flame retardant or fire - resistant material (15 ').   o 5. Fire-resistant closure according to claim 4, characterized in that   minus the pockets (p, p ', 15') are made of a fabric (Figs 3, 3A, 5).   6. Fire-proof closure according to claim 5, characterized in that the pockets (p, p '; 15) and the textile material (12 - 14) holding them together, are made   with a multiple fabric, for example a double fabric o ,. triple. 28411 43   7. A fire-resistant closure according to one of the claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the pockets (15 ') wind arranged in length in the direction of the width of the   fire closure (5, Figs 1, 2, 5, 7).   Fire-resistant closure according to one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that at least one edge region of the individual elements is provided to use a composite yarn with limited extensibility which is a guiped yarn, whose core (17) can be destroyed by fire, while the covering material (16) o is fire resistant.   9. Composite yarn used to make a fire protection closure in textile,   particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is   of a materisu guipe, whose nut (17) can be destroyed by fire, then the material   wrapping (16) is fire resistant, which gives it a certain degree of extensibility.   10. Material according to claim 9, characterized in that the noysu (17) is made of a material having a lower heat resistance than the covering material (16).   11. Material according to claim 10, characterized in that the core (17) is   made of a material that melts with heat.   12. Materiou according to one of claims 9 - 11, characterized in that the wire of