FR2835880A1 - Automobile fuel injection engine comprises combustion chamber in which exhaust valves are closed near induction top dead point before opening of inlet valves and fuel injected when both valves are closed - Google Patents
Automobile fuel injection engine comprises combustion chamber in which exhaust valves are closed near induction top dead point before opening of inlet valves and fuel injected when both valves are closed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2835880A1 FR2835880A1 FR0201735A FR0201735A FR2835880A1 FR 2835880 A1 FR2835880 A1 FR 2835880A1 FR 0201735 A FR0201735 A FR 0201735A FR 0201735 A FR0201735 A FR 0201735A FR 2835880 A1 FR2835880 A1 FR 2835880A1
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- valves
- combustion chamber
- exhaust
- closed
- fuel
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0215—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0261—Controlling the valve overlap
- F02D13/0265—Negative valve overlap for temporarily storing residual gas in the cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3035—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/401—Controlling injection timing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/01—Internal exhaust gas recirculation, i.e. wherein the residual exhaust gases are trapped in the cylinder or pushed back from the intake or the exhaust manifold into the combustion chamber without the use of additional passages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
- F02B2075/125—Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/006—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] using internal EGR
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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L'invention concerne en général les moteurs et les stratégies d'injection de carburant permettant d'optimiser le fonctionnement de ces moteurs. The invention generally relates to engines and fuel injection strategies for optimizing the operation of these engines.
Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un moteur, notamment de véhicule automobile, comprenant au moins une chambre de combustion délimitée par une culasse, un piston et un cylindre, et un dispositif d'injection de carburant dans la chambre de combustion, le piston se déplaçant alternativement à l'intérieur du cylindre en faisant varier le volume de la chambre de combustion, la chambre de combustion comprenant des soupapes d'échappement des gaz de combustion et des soupapes d'admission d'air frais, les mouvements du piston dans le cylindre définissant au moins une phase d'échappement pendant laquelle le volume de la chambre de combustion diminue et les soupapes d'échappement et d'admission sont respectivement ouvertes et fermées, le piston se trouvant en fin de phase d'échappement à un point mort haut admission, et une phase d'admission d'air frais pendant laquelle le volume de la chambre de combustion augmente et les soupapes d'échappement et d'admission sont respectivement fermées et ouvertes. More specifically, the invention relates to an engine, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one combustion chamber delimited by a cylinder head, a piston and a cylinder, and a device for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber, the piston being alternately moving inside the cylinder by varying the volume of the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber comprising combustion gas exhaust valves and fresh air intake valves, the movements of the piston in the cylinder defining at least one exhaust phase during which the volume of the combustion chamber decreases and the exhaust and intake valves are respectively open and closed, the piston being at the end of the exhaust phase at neutral high intake, and a fresh air intake phase during which the volume of the combustion chamber increases and the exhaust and intake valves are respected closed and open.
Des moteurs de ce type sont connus de l'art antérieur, en particulier par le brevet européen EP1048833, qui révèle un moteur dont dont l'injection s'effectue en quasi totalité lorsque les soupapes d'échappement et d'admission sont ouvertes simultanément pendant une période s'étendant sur la fin de la phase d'échappement et le début de la phase d'admission. Engines of this type are known from the prior art, in particular by European patent EP1048833, which discloses an engine the injection of which is carried out almost entirely when the exhaust and intake valves are opened simultaneously for a period extending from the end of the exhaust phase and the start of the intake phase.
Cette période est suffisament longue pour permettre d'injecter la quasi totalité du carburant, ce qui favorise le réchauffement du carburant par les gaz de combustion et donc la vaporisation du carburant et son homogénéisation avec l'air. Pendant la fin de la phase d'échappement, le carburant est réchauffé par les gaz de combustion chauds résiduels se trouvant encore dans la chambre de combustion, et pendant le début de la phase This period is sufficiently long to allow almost all of the fuel to be injected, which promotes the heating of the fuel by the combustion gases and therefore the vaporization of the fuel and its homogenization with the air. During the end of the exhaust phase, the fuel is heated by the residual hot combustion gases still remaining in the combustion chamber, and during the start of the phase
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d'admission par les gaz de combustion réaspirés du fait du déplacement du piston. intake by the re-aspirated combustion gases due to the displacement of the piston.
Sans cet allongement, seule une partie du carburant pourrait être injectée avant la fermeture des soupapes d'échappement, le restant du carburant étant injecté à une autre période. Without this extension, only part of the fuel could be injected before closing the exhaust valves, the rest of the fuel being injected at another time.
L'allongement de la période de croisement permet donc, par aspiration des gaz brûlés via les soupapes d'échappement, un meilleur réchauffement du carburant par une quantité de gaz brûlés plus importante et une réaspiration du carburant qui aurait pu s'échapper par l'échappement. The lengthening of the crossing period therefore allows, by suction of the burnt gases via the exhaust valves, better heating of the fuel by a larger quantity of burnt gases and a re-suction of the fuel which could have escaped through the exhaust.
Cette stratégie d'injection de carburant permet de diminuer la formation de suies et de NOx car le mélange air carburant est plus homogène. On sait en effet que des richesses locales élevées en carburant au moment de l'inflammation du mélange conduisent à la formation de suies et de NOx. This fuel injection strategy reduces the formation of soot and NOx because the air fuel mixture is more homogeneous. It is known in fact that high local wealth in fuel at the time of ignition of the mixture leads to the formation of soot and NOx.
Ce moteur présente néanmoins des défauts. En effet, la densité des gaz dans la chambre de combustion est faible au moment de l'injection, et, en conséquence, il y a un risque d'impact important du carburant liquide injecté sur les parois de la chambre de combustion générant des conditions défavorables au mélange et à l'homogénéisation du carburant avec l'air. Dans certains arrangements de la position des injecteurs dans la chambre de combustion, il existe des risques d'impact du carburant liquide sur les parois du cylindre pouvant entrainer des problèmes mécaniques et une usure prématurée du cylindre. This engine nevertheless has faults. In fact, the density of the gases in the combustion chamber is low at the time of injection, and, consequently, there is a risk of a significant impact of the liquid fuel injected on the walls of the combustion chamber generating conditions unfavorable for mixing and homogenizing fuel with air. In certain arrangements of the position of the injectors in the combustion chamber, there are risks of impact of the liquid fuel on the walls of the cylinder which can cause mechanical problems and premature wear of the cylinder.
Dans ce contexte, la présente invention vise à pallier les difficultés mentionnées ci-dessus. In this context, the present invention aims to overcome the difficulties mentioned above.
A cette fin, l'invention, par ailleurs conforme à la définition générique qu'en donne le préambule cidessus, est essentiellement caractérisée en ce que les soupapes d'échappement sont refermées à un instant proche du PMHA, avant l'ouverture des soupapes d'admission, le To this end, the invention, moreover in accordance with the generic definition given in the preamble above, is essentially characterized in that the exhaust valves are closed at an instant close to PMHA, before the opening of the valves. admission, the
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carburant étant injecté pendant la période où les soupapes d'échappement et d'admission sont fermées simultanément. fuel being injected during the period when the exhaust and intake valves are closed simultaneously.
Cette caractéristique fait que la pression et la température sont plus importante dans le cylindre au moment de l'injection du carburant du fait de la recompression des gaz brûlés présents dans le cylindre au moment de la fermeture des soupapes d'échappement. Ces conditions plus chaudes et plus denses dans la chambre de combustion au moment de l'injection réduisent la pénétration du carburant sous forme liquide et par là même le risque d'impact sur les parois de la chambre de combustion, favorisant ainsi la formation du mélange. This characteristic makes that the pressure and the temperature are higher in the cylinder at the time of the injection of the fuel because of the recompression of the burnt gases present in the cylinder at the time of the closing of the exhaust valves. These warmer and denser conditions in the combustion chamber at the time of injection reduce the penetration of the fuel in liquid form and thereby the risk of impact on the walls of the combustion chamber, thus promoting the formation of the mixture. .
Dans un mode de réalisation possible de l'invention, le carburant est injecté dans un intervalle compris entre moins soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin et plus soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin par rapport au point mort haut admission. In a possible embodiment of the invention, the fuel is injected in an interval between minus seventy crankshaft degrees and plus seventy crankshaft degrees relative to the top admission neutral point.
De préférence, les soupapes d'admission peuvent être ouvertes au moins soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin après le point mort haut admission, c'est-à-dire après la fin de l'intervalle d'injection. Preferably, the intake valves can be opened at least seventy degrees crankshaft after top intake neutral, i.e. after the end of the injection interval.
Avantageusement, les soupapes d'échappement peuvent être fermées au moins soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin avant le point mort haut admission, c'est-à-dire avant le début de l'intervalle d'injection. Advantageously, the exhaust valves can be closed at least seventy degrees crankshaft before the top admission neutral, that is to say before the start of the injection interval.
Par exemple, le carburant peut être injecté dans la chambre de combustion en plusieurs charges successives. For example, fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber in several successive charges.
De préférence, une partie du carburant peut être injectée dans le chambre de combustion pendant pendant la période où les soupapes d'échappement et d'admission sont fermées simultanément, le reste étant injecté dans la chambre de combustion en dehors de cette dite période. Preferably, part of the fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber during the period when the exhaust and intake valves are closed simultaneously, the rest being injected into the combustion chamber outside this said period.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront clairement de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description which is given below, for information and in no way
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limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles : - la figure 1 est une représentation schématique du moteur de l'invention, et - la figure 2 est une représentation graphique de la position des soupapes pendant les quatre phases de fonctionnement du cylindre du moteur de la figure 1, l'abscisse étant graduée en degrés vilebrequin et divisée en quatre zones X, E, A et C correspondant respectivement aux phases d'expansion, d'échappement, d'admission et de compression, l'ordonnée représentant le pourcentage d'ouverture des soupapes d'échappement (courbe 1) et d'admission (courbe 2) entre 0 et la valeur maximum, la seringue marquant le point d'injection du carburant. limiting, with reference to the appended figures, among which: - Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the engine of the invention, and - Figure 2 is a graphic representation of the position of the valves during the four operating phases of the engine cylinder of Figure 1, the abscissa being graduated in crankshaft degrees and divided into four zones X, E, A and C corresponding respectively to the expansion, exhaust, intake and compression phases, the ordinate representing the percentage opening of the exhaust (curve 1) and intake (curve 2) valves between 0 and the maximum value, the syringe marking the fuel injection point.
L'invention concerne un moteur, notamment de véhicule automobile, comprenant de manière connue au moins une chambre de combustion 20 délimitée par une culasse 25, un cylindre 10, et un piston 30, et un dispositif d'injection 40 de carburant dans la chambre de combustion 20, le piston 30 se déplaçant alternativement à l'intérieur du cylindre 10 en faisant varier le volume de la chambre de combustion 20. The invention relates to an engine, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising in known manner at least one combustion chamber 20 delimited by a cylinder head 25, a cylinder 10, and a piston 30, and a device 40 for injecting fuel into the chamber. combustion chamber 20, the piston 30 alternately moving inside the cylinder 10, varying the volume of the combustion chamber 20.
Le moteur comprend typiquement quatre cylindres mais l'invention peut s'appliquer à des moteurs à plus ou à moins de quatre cylindres. The engine typically comprises four cylinders, but the invention can be applied to engines with more or less than four cylinders.
La culasse 25 comprend des soupapes d'échappement des gaz de combustion 21 et des soupapes d'admission 22 d'air frais. The cylinder head 25 includes exhaust gas exhaust valves 21 and fresh air intake valves 22.
Le piston 30 peut indifférement comprendre un bol ou ne pas en comprendre. The piston 30 can either include a bowl or not.
Les mouvements du piston 30 dans le cylindre 10 définissent quatre phases successives. The movements of the piston 30 in the cylinder 10 define four successive phases.
Pendant une première phase d'admission A, l'air frais venant de l'extérieur du moteur pénètre dans la chambre de combustion 20 à travers les soupapes d'admission 22 ouvertes. Les soupapes d'échappement 21 sont fermées. Le piston 30 se déplace dans un premier During a first intake phase A, the fresh air coming from outside the engine enters the combustion chamber 20 through the open intake valves 22. The exhaust valves 21 are closed. The piston 30 moves in a first
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sens entraînant l'augmentation du volume de la chambre de combustion 20, créant un appel d'air vers cette chambre lorsque les soupapes d'admission sont ouvertes. direction causing the volume of the combustion chamber 20 to increase, creating a call for air to this chamber when the intake valves are open.
Pendant une seconde phase de compression C, le piston 30 fait mouvement dans un second sens inverse du premier, et les soupapes d'admission 22 et d'échappement 21 sont fermées. Le volume de la chambre de combustion 20 diminue et la pression et la température dans celle-ci augmentent. During a second compression phase C, the piston 30 moves in a second direction opposite to the first, and the intake 22 and exhaust 21 valves are closed. The volume of the combustion chamber 20 decreases and the pressure and the temperature therein increases.
La phase de compression C se termine par la combustion du carburant, qui a été injecté préalablement dans la chambre de combustion 20 par le dispositif d'injection 40, comme on le verra plus loin. The compression phase C ends with the combustion of the fuel, which has been injected beforehand into the combustion chamber 20 by the injection device 40, as will be seen below.
Le carburant se consume avec l'oxygène de l'air, cette opération produisant des gaz de combustion. The fuel is consumed with the oxygen in the air, this operation producing combustion gases.
Une troisième phase d'expansion X suit la phase de compression C pendant laquelle le piston 30 repart dans le premier sens sous l'effet de l'augmentation de la pression dans la chambre de combustion 20 résultant de la combustion du carburant. A third expansion phase X follows the compression phase C during which the piston 30 starts again in the first direction under the effect of the increase in the pressure in the combustion chamber 20 resulting from the combustion of the fuel.
Le volume de la chambre de combustion 20 augmente donc, pendant que les soupapes d'admission 22 et d'échappement 21 restent fermées. The volume of the combustion chamber 20 therefore increases, while the intake 22 and exhaust 21 valves remain closed.
Enfin, pendant une quatrième phase d'échappement E, les soupapes d'échappement 21 sont ouvertes pendant que le piston 30 se déplace dans le second sens. Les gaz de combustion sont alors chassés de la chambre de combustion 20, dont le volume diminue, par les soupapes d'échappement 21. Finally, during a fourth exhaust phase E, the exhaust valves 21 are open while the piston 30 moves in the second direction. The combustion gases are then expelled from the combustion chamber 20, the volume of which decreases, by the exhaust valves 21.
Le piston 30 se trouve en fin de phase d'échappement E à un point mort haut admission PMHA. The piston 30 is at the end of the exhaust phase E at a top admission dead center PMHA.
Le dispositif d'injection 40 injecte le carburant typiquement directement dans la chambre de combustion 20. The injection device 40 typically injects the fuel directly into the combustion chamber 20.
Selon l'invention, les soupapes d'échappement 21 sont refermées à un instant proche du point mort haut admission PMHA, avant l'ouverture des soupapes d'admission 22, la totalité ou une partie du carburant According to the invention, the exhaust valves 21 are closed at a time close to the top admission dead center PMHA, before the opening of the intake valves 22, all or part of the fuel.
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étant injecté pendant la période où les soupapes d'échappement 21 et d'admission 22 sont fermées simultanément. being injected during the period when the exhaust 21 and inlet 22 valves are closed simultaneously.
Le carburant est injecté dans un intervalle de temps compris entre moins soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin et plus soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin par rapport au point mort haut admission PMHA. The fuel is injected in a time interval between minus seventy degrees crankshaft and plus seventy degrees crankshaft relative to the top admission dead center PMHA.
Les soupapes d'échappement 21 sont fermées au moins soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin avant le point mort haut admission PMHA, typiquement soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin avant le point mort haut admission PMHA comme le montre la figure 2. The exhaust valves 21 are closed at least seventy degrees crankshaft before the top dead center PMHA intake, typically seventy degrees crankshaft before the top dead center admission PMHA as shown in FIG. 2.
Les soupapes d'admission 22 sont ouvertes au moins soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin après le point mort haut admission PMHA, typiquement soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin après celui-ci. The intake valves 22 are open at least seventy degrees crankshaft after the top admission dead center PMHA, typically seventy degrees crankshaft after this.
Comme les soupapes d'échappement 21 sont fermées tôt, la quantité de gaz de combustion résiduel dans la chambre de combustion 20 est relativement importante, et la pression et la température dans la chambre de combustion 20 au moment de l'injection du carburant sont importantes également. As the exhaust valves 21 are closed early, the amount of residual combustion gas in the combustion chamber 20 is relatively large, and the pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber 20 at the time of fuel injection are important also.
Le carburant injecté est donc rapidement vaporisé, limitant la quantité de liquide impactant les parois de la chambre de combustion. The injected fuel is therefore quickly vaporized, limiting the amount of liquid impacting the walls of the combustion chamber.
Cet aspect est particulièrement important car on sait que l'impact du carburant liquide sur ces parois entraîne des dépots de carburant liquide qui rendent le mélange avec l'air non homogène, entraînant la formation de NOx et de suies, et des problèmes mécaniques avec certains arrangement de l'injecteur dans la chambre de combustion (gommage de segments). This aspect is particularly important because we know that the impact of liquid fuel on these walls leads to deposits of liquid fuel which make the mixture with air non-homogeneous, leading to the formation of NOx and soot, and mechanical problems with certain arrangement of the injector in the combustion chamber (gumming of segments).
Par ailleurs, le mélange entre le carburant et l'air frais introduit pendant la phase d'admission est favorisé du fait que le carburant est vaporisé. Furthermore, the mixture between the fuel and the fresh air introduced during the intake phase is favored because the fuel is vaporized.
L'ouverture des soupapes d'admission 22 est retardée après le point mort haut admission PMHA de façon The opening of the intake valves 22 is delayed after the top intake dead center PMHA so
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à ce que le piston 30 se soit suffisamment déplacé pour faire baisser la pression dans la chambre de combustion 20 et que les gaz de combustion résiduels mélangés au carburant ne soient pas refoulés à travers les soupapes d'admission 22. the piston 30 has moved enough to reduce the pressure in the combustion chamber 20 and the residual combustion gases mixed with the fuel are not discharged through the intake valves 22.
L'injection du carburant ne doit pas non plus être faite trop tard car les gaz de combustion seraient alors à une pression et une température plus basses, du fait du déplacement du piston 30 et de l'augmentation du volume de la chambre de combustion 20. The injection of fuel should also not be done too late because the combustion gases would then be at a lower pressure and temperature, due to the displacement of the piston 30 and the increase in the volume of the combustion chamber 20 .
L'intervalle de moins soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin à plus soixante-dix degrés vilebrequin par rapport au point mort haut admission PMHA est un optimum pour l'injection du carburant. The interval from minus seventy degrees crankshaft to plus seventy degrees crankshaft from top dead center PMHA intake is optimum for fuel injection.
Le carburant peut être injecté dans la chambre de combustion 20 en une fois, pendant la période où les soupapes d'échappement et d'admission 21 et 22 sont fermées simultanément. The fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber 20 at once, during the period when the exhaust and intake valves 21 and 22 are closed simultaneously.
Le carburant peut également être injecté en plusieurs charges, une charge étant injectée pendant la période où les soupapes d'échappement et d'admission 21 et 22 sont fermées simultanément, la ou les autres étant injectées à d'autres moments. The fuel can also be injected in several charges, a charge being injected during the period when the exhaust and intake valves 21 and 22 are closed simultaneously, the others being injected at other times.
On conçoit donc bien que l'invention permet d'obtenir un mélange très homogène carburant/air, sans présenter les défauts des moteurs antérieurs. It is therefore understandable that the invention makes it possible to obtain a very homogeneous fuel / air mixture, without exhibiting the faults of the prior engines.
L'invention s'applique à des moteurs diesels, mais également à d'autres types de moteurs, par exemple à essence. The invention applies to diesel engines, but also to other types of engines, for example petrol.
Claims (6)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR0201735A FR2835880B1 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2002-02-12 | IMPROVED INJECTION ENGINE |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR0201735A FR2835880B1 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2002-02-12 | IMPROVED INJECTION ENGINE |
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| FR2835880A1 true FR2835880A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 |
| FR2835880B1 FR2835880B1 (en) | 2005-04-29 |
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| FR0201735A Expired - Fee Related FR2835880B1 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2002-02-12 | IMPROVED INJECTION ENGINE |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005038210A1 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2005-04-28 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method for operating an internal combustion engine |
| FR2862715A1 (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-05-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Motor vehicle, has nitrogen oxide trap operating in accumulation mode in which nitrogen oxide of exhaust gas is stored and in regeneration mode in which stored oxide is released, according to fuel injection strategies of controlling unit |
| EP2169198A1 (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-03-31 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Control of spark ignited internal combustion engine |
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| EP1048833A2 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation |
| EP1052391A2 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2000-11-15 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Compression self-igniting gasoline engine |
| EP1085192A2 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-21 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Compression autoignition gasoline engine |
| EP1134398A2 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2001-09-19 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | System and method for auto-ignition of gasoline internal combustion engine |
| EP1138896A2 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-04 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Auto-ignition of gasoline engine by varying exhaust gas retaining duration |
| DE10122775A1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-22 | Ford Global Tech Inc | Hybrid engine with homogenous charge compression ignition has two camshafts to actuate cylinder intake and outlet valves, and variable camshaft timing control |
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2002
- 2002-02-12 FR FR0201735A patent/FR2835880B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1048833A2 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation |
| EP1052391A2 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2000-11-15 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Compression self-igniting gasoline engine |
| EP1085192A2 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-21 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Compression autoignition gasoline engine |
| EP1134398A2 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2001-09-19 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | System and method for auto-ignition of gasoline internal combustion engine |
| EP1138896A2 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-04 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Auto-ignition of gasoline engine by varying exhaust gas retaining duration |
| DE10122775A1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-22 | Ford Global Tech Inc | Hybrid engine with homogenous charge compression ignition has two camshafts to actuate cylinder intake and outlet valves, and variable camshaft timing control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2005038210A1 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2005-04-28 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method for operating an internal combustion engine |
| US7353799B2 (en) | 2003-09-25 | 2008-04-08 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method for operating an internal combustion engine |
| FR2862715A1 (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-05-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Motor vehicle, has nitrogen oxide trap operating in accumulation mode in which nitrogen oxide of exhaust gas is stored and in regeneration mode in which stored oxide is released, according to fuel injection strategies of controlling unit |
| EP2169198A1 (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-03-31 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Control of spark ignited internal combustion engine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2835880B1 (en) | 2005-04-29 |
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