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FR2833460A1 - Monofilament line for supporting vines and young trees has oblong cross-section with two or three lobes - Google Patents

Monofilament line for supporting vines and young trees has oblong cross-section with two or three lobes Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2833460A1
FR2833460A1 FR0116115A FR0116115A FR2833460A1 FR 2833460 A1 FR2833460 A1 FR 2833460A1 FR 0116115 A FR0116115 A FR 0116115A FR 0116115 A FR0116115 A FR 0116115A FR 2833460 A1 FR2833460 A1 FR 2833460A1
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lobes
section
wire
diameter
line
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FR2833460B1 (en
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Gerard Chevrier
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/04Supports for hops, vines, or trees
    • A01G17/06Trellis-work
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The monofilament line, made from extruded and stretched polyester is made with an oblong cross-section having two or three lobes, each with a diameter of 2.5 mm. If the distance between the centres of the lobes is of the order of 1.7 times their radius this gives the line a cross-section (6) equivalent to a cylindrical line with a diameter 1.39 times that of one lobe. Thus, a line with two lobes has a lateral outer surface 18.5 per cent greater than a cylindrical line of the same section, with enhanced heat exchange between the line and outside atmosphere for its reheating and cooling phases before and after stretching.

Description

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On connaît des fils de palissage monofilaments cylindriques dont les diamètres s'étagent entre 0,4 millimètre et 1,5 millimètres.  Cylindrical monofilament trellis wires are known, the diameters of which range from 0.4 millimeters to 1.5 millimeters.

Pour satisfaire une demande, dans le domaine de l'agriculture notamment, de plus en plus exigeante en ce qui concerne la résistance à la rupture, on a vu apparaître sur le marché des fils monofilaments cylindriques dont le diamètre est de l'ordre de 3 millimètres, présentant une résistance à la rupture de l'ordre de 4000N. Il s'agit là d'une limite tant pour des raisons de fabrication que pour des raisons d'utilisation. En effet, pour obtenir un fil de 3 millimètres de diamètre, il est nécessaire de produire un fil primaire de 6 mm (que l'on ramène à 3 mm par étirage), ce qui demande d'utiliser une filière de 12 mm. Un tel diamètre de filière est un maximum au-delà duquel on rencontre de nombreux problèmes techniques : le rapport entre le diamètre et la viscosité du polyester ne permet plus d'assurer un passage régulièrement continu de la matière d'où une perte de la maîtrise des dimensions du fil ; la distance importante entre le coeur de la matière et son bord a pour conséquence la naissance de bulles à l'intérieur de la matière fondue qui forment autant de défauts du fil.  To meet a demand, in the field of agriculture in particular, more and more demanding with regard to breaking strength, we have seen the appearance on the market of cylindrical monofilament yarns whose diameter is of the order of 3 millimeters, having a breaking strength of the order of 4000N. This is a limit both for manufacturing reasons and for reasons of use. Indeed, to obtain a wire of 3 millimeters in diameter, it is necessary to produce a primary wire of 6 mm (which is brought back to 3 mm by drawing), which requires using a die of 12 mm. Such a die diameter is a maximum beyond which one encounters many technical problems: the ratio between the diameter and the viscosity of the polyester no longer makes it possible to ensure a regular continuous passage of the material, hence a loss of control. wire dimensions; the significant distance between the core of the material and its edge results in the birth of bubbles inside the molten material which form as many defects of the wire.

Par ailleurs, plus le fil est de large diamètre et plus la phase d'étirage du procédé de fabrication est délicate. Il convient en effet de réchauffer le fil primaire dans des fours de manière homogène jusqu'à coeur, ce qui demande plus de temps et plus de précautions pour cette opération de réchauffage.  Furthermore, the larger the wire, the more delicate the stretching phase of the manufacturing process. It is indeed advisable to reheat the primary wire in ovens in a homogeneous way to the core, which requires more time and more precautions for this reheating operation.

En outre, à l'utilisation le diamètre de 3 mm est un maximum au-delà duquel le fil est trop raide pour pouvoir être manipulé rapidement et facilement, surtout être enroulé autour des piquets de palissage notamment dans les domaines de la viticulture et de l'arboriculture.  In addition, when in use, the diameter of 3 mm is a maximum beyond which the wire is too stiff to be able to be handled quickly and easily, above all to be wound around trellising stakes, particularly in the fields of viticulture and l 'arboriculture.

L'objet de la présente invention est un fil de  The object of the present invention is a thread

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palissage qui présente une résistance à la rupture importante sans les inconvénients de fabrication et d'utilisation mentionnés ci-dessus.  trellising which has a significant breaking strength without the manufacturing and use drawbacks mentioned above.

A cet effet le fil de palissage de l'invention est un fil monofilament en polyester filé et étiré dont la section oblongue comporte au moins deux lobes.  To this end, the trellising wire of the invention is a monofilament yarn made of spun and drawn polyester, the oblong section of which comprises at least two lobes.

Ainsi, la fabrication de ce fil peut être conduite et maîtrisée comme celle d'un fil de diamètre courant, par exemple inférieur à 3 millimètres, alors que sa section autorise une résistance à la rupture par traction nettement supérieure à celle de ce fil courant. En effet on peut ajuster le diamètre de chaque lobe, au niveau de la filière à un diamètre proche de celui d'une filière d'un fil courant de sorte que la matière se comporte au passage de la filière de manière connue et maîtrisée. En outre la surface latérale du fil primaire obtenue en sortie de filière est pour un volume de matière donné, plus importante que celle d'un même volume de matière se présentant sous la forme d'un fil cylindrique. Il s'ensuit que le réchauffage du fil primaire obtenu selon l'invention pour son opération ultérieure d'étirage s'opère de manière similaire à celle d'un fil cylindrique de petit diamètre en ce qui concerne notamment son homogénéité et le transfert des calories jusqu'au centre des lobe qui se comportent comme des fils de diamètre usuel dont ce stade de fabrication est bien maîtrisé.  Thus, the manufacture of this wire can be conducted and controlled like that of a current diameter wire, for example less than 3 millimeters, while its section allows a tensile strength significantly higher than that of this current wire. In fact, the diameter of each lobe can be adjusted, at the level of the die to a diameter close to that of a die of a common thread so that the material behaves when passing through the die in a known and controlled manner. In addition, the lateral surface of the primary wire obtained at the outlet of the die is greater for a given volume of material than that of the same volume of material in the form of a cylindrical wire. It follows that the heating of the primary wire obtained according to the invention for its subsequent drawing operation takes place in a similar manner to that of a cylindrical wire of small diameter with regard in particular to its homogeneity and the transfer of calories. to the center of the lobes which behave like wires of usual diameter of which this stage of manufacture is well controlled.

Dans une variante de réalisation, le fil de l'invention comporte entre les deux lobes, une partie centrale, de préférence en forme de lobe intermédiaire.  In an alternative embodiment, the wire of the invention comprises between the two lobes, a central part, preferably in the form of an intermediate lobe.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront de la description donnée à titre d'exemple ci-après de deux modes de réalisation de l'invention.  Other characteristics and advantages will emerge from the description given by way of example below of two embodiments of the invention.

Il sera fait référence aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels : - la figure 1 illustre schématiquement une ma-  Reference will be made to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a ma-

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chine de réalisation d'un fil monofilament, - les figures 2 et 3 représentent chacune la section d'un fil conforme à l'invention.  china for making a monofilament yarn, - Figures 2 and 3 each show the section of a yarn according to the invention.

Le schéma de la figure 1 illustre une machine classique de fabrication d'un fil monofilament qui comporte une filière 1 de laquelle sort la matière (polyester) quasi liquide au travers d'un orifice de sortie de la filière de diamètre dl. Sous l'effet de la gravité et de la viscosité (variable), la matière adopte un diamètre d2 avant d'entrer dans un bain de refroidissement 2 dans lequel le fil est totalement solidifié. A titre indicatif le rapport entre dl et d2 est de l'ordre de 2.  The diagram in FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional machine for manufacturing a monofilament yarn which comprises a die 1 from which the quasi-liquid material (polyester) leaves through an outlet orifice of the die of diameter dl. Under the effect of gravity and viscosity (variable), the material adopts a diameter d2 before entering a cooling bath 2 in which the wire is completely solidified. As an indication, the ratio between dl and d2 is of the order of 2.

A la sortie du bain, le fil 3 pénètre dans un four de réchauffage 4 où il se plastifie afin d'être allongé par étirement sous une force de traction 6 provenant par exemple d'un rouleau d'enroulement 5. Etiré, le fil 3 passe à un diamètre d3 sensiblement égal à la moitié du diamètre d2. Le fil 3 au sortir du four 4 est refroidi à l'air de manière naturelle ou forcée.  At the end of the bath, the wire 3 enters a reheating oven 4 where it plasticizes in order to be lengthened by stretching under a tensile force 6 coming for example from a winding roller 5. Stretched, the wire 3 passes to a diameter d3 substantially equal to half the diameter d2. The wire 3 coming out of the oven 4 is air-cooled in a natural or forced manner.

Comme rappelé ci-dessus, l'obtention d'un fil monofilament de diamètre d3 important (supérieur ou égal à 3 mm) impose un orifice de sortie de filière de diamètre

Figure img00030001

dl supérieur à 12 mm, ce qui et trop important pour"tenir"correctement la matière (c'est-à-dire en maîtriser le débit et la répartition de ce dernier au sein de la section de la veine fluide en sortie de filière) et ce qui ne permet plus d'empêcher un bullage à coeur du fluide filé. As recalled above, obtaining a monofilament wire of large diameter d3 (greater than or equal to 3 mm) requires a die outlet orifice of diameter
Figure img00030001

dl greater than 12 mm, which is too important to "hold" the material correctly (that is to say to control the flow and the distribution of the latter within the section of the fluid stream at the outlet of the die) and which no longer makes it possible to prevent bubbling at the heart of the spun fluid.

En prévoyant un orifice de sortie de filière bilobé ou polylobé, avec les centres des lobes alignés, on parvient à maîtriser l'écoulement du fluide au travers de l'orifice de filière car on parvient à cantoner le diamètre de chacun de ces lobes à une valeur inférieure à cette valeur critique (aux environs de 11-12 mm) à laquelle et au-delà de laquelle le produit fabriqué pré-  By providing a bilobed or multi-lobed die outlet orifice, with the centers of the lobes aligned, it is possible to control the flow of the fluid through the die orifice because it is possible to canton the diameter of each of these lobes to one value below this critical value (around 11-12 mm) at which and above which the manufactured product pre-

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sente des défauts.  feels faults.

La figure 2 illustre un fil monofilament de section 6 bilobée conforme à l'invention. Si par exemple le diamètre de chaque lobe est de 2,5 mm, on comprend que le diamètre des lobes correspondants de l'orifice de sortie de la filière sera de l'ordre de 10 mm, valeur pour laquelle le filage est maîtrisé. En outre, dans ce même exemple, si la distance des centres des lobes est de l'ordre de 1,7 fois le rayon de ceux-ci, le fil possède une section 6 équivalente à un fil cylindrique de diamètre 1,39 fois le diamètre d'un lobe. Ainsi, ce fil à section bilobée selon l'invention présente, par unité de longueur, une surface extérieure latérale qui est plus importante de 18, 5 que celle du fil cylindrique de même section. Cette surface supérieure est un facteur favorable aux échanges de chaleur entre le fil et une atmosphère extérieure que ce soit au niveau de son réchauffage pour la phase d'étirage ou au niveau de son refroidissement. En outre dans le fil selon l'invention, tout point de sa surface est à une distance du centre du lobe correspondant inférieure à la distance séparant la surface du centre d'un fil cylindrique de section équivalente.  FIG. 2 illustrates a monofilament yarn of section 6 bilobed in accordance with the invention. If, for example, the diameter of each lobe is 2.5 mm, it is understood that the diameter of the corresponding lobes of the die outlet orifice will be of the order of 10 mm, the value for which the spinning is controlled. Furthermore, in this same example, if the distance from the centers of the lobes is of the order of 1.7 times the radius of the latter, the wire has a section 6 equivalent to a cylindrical wire with a diameter 1.39 times the diameter of a lobe. Thus, this wire with bilobed section according to the invention has, per unit of length, a lateral external surface which is larger by 18.5 than that of the cylindrical wire of the same section. This upper surface is a factor favorable to heat exchanges between the wire and an external atmosphere whether it is at the level of its heating for the stretching phase or at the level of its cooling. In addition, in the wire according to the invention, any point on its surface is at a distance from the center of the corresponding lobe less than the distance separating the surface from the center of a cylindrical wire of equivalent section.

A la figure 3 la section 7 du fil monofilament représenté comporte trois lobes alignés. Ce fil présente toutes les qualités du précédent avec, pour un exemple dimensionnel semblable (diamètre des lobes égale à 2,5 mm et distance des centres égale à 1,7 fois le rayon), une surface latérale extérieure supérieure de 39 % à la surface latérale du fil cylindrique de même section.  In FIG. 3, section 7 of the monofilament yarn shown has three aligned lobes. This wire has all the qualities of the previous one with, for a similar dimensional example (diameter of the lobes equal to 2.5 mm and distance from the centers equal to 1.7 times the radius), an external lateral surface 39% greater than the surface side of the cylindrical wire of the same section.

On mentionnera enfin que la section oblongue du fil bilobé ou trilobé conserve au fil sa faculté à être aisément courbé par exemple autour d'un piquet sur la surface duquel il est appliqué parallèlement à la plus grande dimension de sa section. En outre quand les pi-  Finally, it should be mentioned that the oblong section of the bilobed or trilobed wire retains its ability to be easily bent over the wire, for example around a stake on the surface of which it is applied parallel to the largest dimension of its section. Also when the pi-

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quets sont rapprochés, la raideur du fil est importante car il oppose à l'effet de la charge la plus grande dimension de sa section, se comportant entre les piquets comme une poutre relativement raide. quets are close together, the stiffness of the wire is important because it opposes the effect of the load the largest dimension of its section, behaving between the stakes like a relatively stiff beam.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Fil monofilament de palissage en polyester filé et étiré, caractérisé en ce que sa section est oblongue et comporte au moins deux lobes. 1. Monofilament trellising wire in spun and drawn polyester, characterized in that its section is oblong and has at least two lobes. 2. Fil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les lobes sont réunis par une partie centrale en forme de lobe intermédiaire. 2. Wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the lobes are joined by a central part in the form of an intermediate lobe.
FR0116115A 2001-12-13 2001-12-13 Palising wire Expired - Fee Related FR2833460B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2974272A1 (en) * 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Tranova Tying device for tying plant on structure for e.g. viticulture, has wire intended to be fixed to plant and stretched between supports, where wire includes reinforcing fibers covered by sheath made of synthetic material

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3914488A (en) * 1973-09-24 1975-10-21 Du Pont Polyester filaments for fur-like fabrics
DE3417543A1 (en) * 1983-05-13 1984-11-15 Kaposplast Kefe- és Müanyagipari Vállalat, Kaposvár Monofilament for training hops
DE29700970U1 (en) * 1997-01-21 1997-03-20 Barich, Gerhard, Prof., 96465 Neustadt Hopfensteig wire
EP0506983B1 (en) * 1990-10-19 1999-06-16 Toray Industries, Inc. Polyester monofilament

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3914488A (en) * 1973-09-24 1975-10-21 Du Pont Polyester filaments for fur-like fabrics
DE3417543A1 (en) * 1983-05-13 1984-11-15 Kaposplast Kefe- és Müanyagipari Vállalat, Kaposvár Monofilament for training hops
EP0506983B1 (en) * 1990-10-19 1999-06-16 Toray Industries, Inc. Polyester monofilament
DE29700970U1 (en) * 1997-01-21 1997-03-20 Barich, Gerhard, Prof., 96465 Neustadt Hopfensteig wire

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2974272A1 (en) * 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Tranova Tying device for tying plant on structure for e.g. viticulture, has wire intended to be fixed to plant and stretched between supports, where wire includes reinforcing fibers covered by sheath made of synthetic material

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