FR2808824A1 - Device, for assembling longitudinal edges of panels, laths or wainscoting comprises complementary male and female parts provided on longitudinal edges - Google Patents

Abstract

The assembly device consists of a male part (2) fitting the longitudinal edge of the panel (1) and a female part (3) provided on the other longitudinal edge. The longitudinal edges bearing the male and female parts extend along parallel oblique planes.

Description

DESCRIPTION The present invention relates to the field of construction, in particular floor, wall or ceiling coverings, in particular in the form of panels, slats or paneling in different materials, such as wood, laminate materials, synthetic materials ... , and relates to a device for assembling the longitudinal edges of such panels, slats or paneling, with force distribution.

Currently, the elements of floor coverings, walls or ceilings generally have in the form of panels, slats or paneling made of different materials, such as solid wood, compressed particles provided with a synthetic coating or solid wood. or entirely made of synthetic materials with an exposed textured face.

different elements are generally assembled together by known means of the groove and tongue type, two adjacent sides of these elements being, for example, provided with a tongue intended to 'cooperate with grooves provided on two corresponding sides of corresponding elements. Thus, each element has two tabs on two adjacent sides, the other two sides being provided with grooves.

These assembly means generally make it possible to correctly meet the requirements for connecting the elements together and for mutual leveling of these elements, but require, for maintaining the assembly and perfect jointing, the use of glue or still means for gripping the lower face and fixing it on cleats or the like.

However, fixing on a cleat inevitably leads to the creation of a vacuum under the covering elements, which is often incompatible with the desired effect, namely for example for laying a floor covering called floating parquet. In fact, in such a case, the covering elements must be placed directly on a screed layer or the like, possibly with the interposition of a sound and / or thermal insulation element. In such a case, it is necessarily necessary to bond the various elements together at their longitudinal and lateral junctions by groove and tongue. To overcome these drawbacks, it has been proposed to provide the panels, slats or paneling, near their tongue and groove assembly means equipping their longitudinal edges with a mechanical device improving the quality of said assembly by creating anti-dislocation means in the assembly position, that is to say when two successive elements are assembled with groove and tongue and are arranged flat. This mechanical device also allows, in the flat assembly position, a displacement along the longitudinal axis of the elements, in order to favor the fitting of their end tongues in the corresponding end groove of the element. adjacent.

Such mechanical devices are essentially of two types, namely using complementary mechanical locking parts, or provided with an integrated locking part and are known from EP-A-0 877 130, EP-A-0 855484, EP-A-0 969 164, EP-A-0 969 163, WO-A 99/66152, WO-A 99/66151, WO-A 98I24995, WO-A 98/24994 and WO-A 97/4783.

The complementary mechanical parts are either hook-shaped section profiles or hooks uniformly distributed over the entire length of the elements and cooperating with grooves of corresponding shape provided in the edges of said elements.

Such elements certainly allow a correct connection between the panels, slats or paneling, but require very specific laying maneuvers, namely engagement of the connecting elements in a position of inclination of panels, slats or paneling with respect to the others, then a horizontal positioning of the latter with a view to their lateral engagement, that is to say a prior arrangement of the connection profiles with hook-shaped section, under the edge of one of the panels, slats or paneling and the engagement of the other end of these profiles under the corresponding edge of the adjacent panels, slats or paneling, the lateral engagement being carried out after this mechanical connection along the longitudinal edges.

These known complementary mechanical connection devices have, however, the disadvantage of being of a relatively complex constitution simultaneously implementing groove and tongue assemblies and a mechanical holding means in the service position preventing any sliding of the panel, battens or paneling by relative to another perpendicular to their longitudinal edges. In addition, in the case of making a mechanical connection between longitudinal edges by the sole cooperation in the form of complementary elements forming an integral part of the panels, slats or paneling and machined together with the grooves and assembly tongues , there arises, on the one hand, a problem of machining the mechanical connecting elements and, on the other hand, a problem of reliability over time of these "mechanical connecting elements. Indeed, the means of connection and assembly known by the aforementioned documents are essentially intended to ensure perfect mounting of the panels, slats or paneling with an assembly without play at their joints, equivalent to a traditional assembly by gluing the panels, slats or paneling together or nailing of these on support brackets, while allowing complete disassembly for possible reassembly at another place of use.

The machining of the mechanical connecting elements directly near the longitudinal edges involves the use of relatively fine and extremely sharp tools, in order to allow the production of thin walls necessarily resulting from the machining of very low panels, slats or paneling. thickness. As a result, the tools used are of a high cost price that the machining itself involves checks at relatively short regular intervals to obviate the fluctuations in dimensions resulting from relatively rapid wear of the cutting tools used. These machining problems have the logical consequence of a corresponding increase in the cost price of the panels, slats or paneling.

Furthermore, the production of the mechanical holding elements in the form of relatively thin walls and of projecting elements these walls results in a certain fragility of these mechanical elements, resulting in a fairly rapid destruction of said elements during repeated assembly and assembly maneuvers. disassembly of the panels, slats or paneling thus equipped. In fact, due to the interlocking of the mechanical elements with one another and the holding with a slight tightening of the corresponding longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling thus equipped, these mechanical elements are stressed by a tensile force perpendicular to the longitudinal edges, as well as by bending forces, during each assembly or disassembly.

It has also been proposed, by WO-A-97/4783 to produce a means of assembly and holding in the form of a longitudinal element of cross section in an arc of a circle, the female part of which equips a longitudinal edge with a panel, of a slat or of a paneling and whose part Ie, in hook, equips the opposite longitudinal edge. Theoretically, an assembly simultaneously allows perfect retention at the joints, in the service position. However, the stability of this assembly cannot be ensured, because an unevenness of the ground or support, in particular in the form of a hollow will result in a possibility of disengaging the assembly, so that a vertical load resumption is not planned. Such an effect is further accentuated if the blades are placed on a flexible support for sound and / or thermal insulation. In addition, making an assembly means by machining is completely impossible, in particular on panel edges, slats or paneling of small thickness.

Finally, all known assembly devices have the disadvantage of being relatively fragile at the joints, because of the connecting tongue between the panels, slats or paneling is relatively thin and must fully absorb the forces at said joints. and in particular the significant shear forces occurring in the case of an arrangement above a vacuum due to an inequality or the like.

object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the assembly and holding devices known to date by proposing a device for assembling the longitudinal edges of such panels, slats or paneling, with distribution of forces, making it possible to simultaneously ensure cooperation. form, perfect and automatic jointing of the adjacent longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling and self-tightening of said panels, slats or paneling against each other, along said longitudinal edges, in particular under load, as well as a distribution of forces applied along the joints.

To this end, the device for assembling the longitudinal edges of such panels, slats or paneling, which consists of at least one male part equipping a longitudinal edge of said panels, slats or paneling with at least one female part of corresponding shape equipping the other longitudinal edge of said panels, slats or paneling, is characterized in that it is of force distribution, in that the longitudinal edges carrying male and female parts extend in parallel oblique planes, so that the jointing between two panels , successive slats or paneling is preferably carried out outside the vertical plane comprising the male and female parts, and in that said male and female parts are respectively in the form of a longitudinal tongue inclined, preferably at right angles, downwards and a housing of corresponding shape open upwards.

The invention will be better understood from the following description, which relates to preferred embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, and explained with reference to the appended schematic drawings, in which FIGS. 1 and 2 represent , in side elevation and in section, two embodiments of a device according to the invention; Figure 3 is a view similar to those of Figures 1 and 2 of an alternative embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 is a view similar to those of Figures 1 and 2 of another alternative embodiment of the invention; Figures 5 to 7 are views similar to those of Figures 1 to 4 of other alternative embodiments of the invention, and Figures 8 and 9 are views similar to those of Figures 1 on a larger scale, of two other alternative embodiments of the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawing show an assembly of two panels, slats or paneling 1 by means of a device for assembling the longitudinal edges, which consists of at least one male part 2 fitted to a longitudinal edge of said panels, slats or paneling 1 and by at least one female part 3 of corresponding shape fitted to the other longitudinal edge of said panels, paneling slats 1.

According to the invention, this device for assembling the longitudinal edges of such panels, slats or paneling 1 with force distribution and the longitudinal edges carrying the parts ma 2 and female 3 extend in parallel oblique planes, so that the jointing between two successive panels, slats or paneling 1 is carried out preferentially outside the vertical plane comprising the male 2 and female 3 parts, these male 2 and female 3 parts being respectively in the form of an inclined longitudinal tongue, preferably at right angles, downwards and a correspondingly shaped housing open upwards. Such an embodiment of the longitudinal edges allows a distribution of the forces applied to the right of the joints such that the assembly device proper, formed by the male 2 and female 3 parts, is subjected to very low stress, in particular as regards concerns shear stresses.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the male 2 and female 3 parts can be produced in the form of simple tongues and grooves of square or rectangular section projecting perpendicularly to the oblique longitudinal edges of said panels, slats or paneling 1. Thus, after assembly of the edges, the panels, slats or paneling 1 are interconnected without the possibility of mutual displacement perpendicular to their longitudinal edges.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the assembly device is further equipped with a self-locking means, self-sealing and holding in the service position.

This self-locking, self-grouting and maintenance of service position means advantageously takes the form of at least one longitudinal shoulder 4 connecting at least the lower edge of the tongue 2, forming the male part of the device, at the corresponding longitudinal edge and cooperating with another shoulder 5 provided on the corresponding edge delimiting the female part 3 of the assembly device (FIGS. 1 and Thus, at the end of the assembly operation, the shoulder 4, which is preferably connected perpendicularly, to the oblique edge of the panel, slat or paneling and which forms with the latter, preferably, a right angle, fits on the corresponding angle formed by the shoulder 5 and the corresponding edge of the panel, slat or adjacent paneling. The interlocking thus produced prevents any disassembly of two consecutive panels, slats or paneling by displacement parallel to the support. performed allows self-tightening of the assembly under load, the cooperating parts being clamped against each other when a load is applied at the joints.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the male part 2 in the form of a longitudinal tongue advantageously has, on the side opposite to that forming the shoulder 4, a part 6 laterally projecting from this side 4 'and forming an acute angle by relative to the oblique surface carrying the male part 2, this laterally projecting part 6 cooperating with a recess 7 of the housing forming the female part (Figures 1 and 2). The provision of such a projecting part 6 allows additional locking of the assembly and avoids any possibility of lifting the panel, batten or paneling 1 on the side comprising the tongue 2 or male part.

To promote the penetration of the laterally projecting part 6 of the male part 2 into the housing forming the female part, said laterally projecting part is in the form of a longitudinal appendage having a cross section narrowing from the longitudinal edge of the panel, slat or paneling 1 towards the free end of said longitudinal appendage. The surface 2 ′ of the male part 2 connecting the sides 4 and or the side 4 and the external edge of the laterally protruding part 6 of the male part 2 is preferably in the form of a flat surface.

During the insertion of the male part 2 into the female part 3, the laterally projecting part 6 penetrates into the corresponding recess 7 of the female part 3 and is finally locked in this position, when applying the 'shoulder 4 of the male part 2 against the shoulder 5 of the female part 3.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the laterally projecting part 6 of the male part 2 is connected to the longitudinal edge carrying said male part by a side 4 ', preferably perpendicular to this longitudinal edge (Figure 1).

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, shown in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawing, the laterally projecting part 6 of the male part 2 can also be connected to the longitudinal edge carrying said male part 2 directly by its face 6 'opposite to the surface 2 'of the male part 2, at an acute angle.

I1 is also possible, according to alternative embodiments of the invention shown in Figures 3 and 5 to 7 of the accompanying drawings, to double the male 2 and female 3 parts fitted to the oblique longitudinal edges of said panels, slats or paneling 1 and to have on each longitudinal edge, adjacent, a male part 2 and a female part 3 cooperating with a female part 3 and a male part 2 of the opposite edge, these male 2 and female 3 parts of two opposite edges being staggered. Such embodiments make it possible to obtain a locking in position of the panels, slats or paneling 1 between them.

As shown more particularly in FIG. 7 of the appended drawings, the tongue and groove forming the male 2 and female 3 parts can be produced by curvilinear male and female elements interlocking with each other and ensuring a locking in position of the panels, slats or paneling. 1 between To allow obtaining a perfect surface finish of the panels, slats or paneling 1 at the joints, in particular to avoid a risk of deterioration of the decorative surface, the parallel oblique planes forming the longitudinal edges carrying the parts male 2 and female 3 are advantageously connected to the upper and lower surfaces of said panels, slats or paneling by means of flanges l ′ of these latter, which extend perpendicular to said upper and lower surfaces (FIGS. 3 to 7). Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the edges of the upper and lower surfaces of the panels, slats or paneling 1 are directly connected to the male parts 2 female 3, the bases and the faces end in mutual contact extend in parallel oblique planes. Thus, it is possible to make a connection with self-sealing, self-tightening and self-locking, while ensuring the achievement of a continuity of the decorative surface at the joint.

In accordance with another alternative embodiment of the invention, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 of the accompanying drawings, at least one of the male parts 2 can be provided, at its end penetrating into the corresponding female part 3, with a locking element 8 by shape cooperation engaging in a corresponding housing 9 of said female part 3. This locking element 8 can be constituted, either in the form of an elastic tongue provided with a latching rib (FIG. 3 ) cooperating with the housing of the female part 3, either in the form of an elastic lamella produced by forming a longitudinal parallel notch 8 'in the male part 2, this lamella being provided with the latching rib cooperating with the housing 9 of the female part 3 (Figure 5). Such a locking element makes it possible to perfect the engagement of the assembly device between the panels, slats or paneling 1 during the final assembly operation while avoiding destruction by aging following repeated assembly and disassembly operations, due to the elasticity of element 8.

According to another characteristic of the invention, shown in FIG. 5 of the accompanying drawings, at least one edge 2 "of a male part 2 and the corresponding angle 3" of the cooperating female part 3 are advantageously cut by a flat surface extending parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the panels, slats or paneling 1. The provision of such horizontal bearing surfaces, for example relative to the tread surface of a floor, allows the absorption of the shear forces due to the vertical loads . In addition, these surfaces guarantee a perfect flush with the upper surface of the panels, slats or paneling 1 level of the assembly joints.

Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings shows another alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the assembly device is completed by a third set of male 2 and female 3 parts simultaneously forming a means of self-locking, self-jointing and holding in the service position.

According to a characteristic of the invention, not shown in the accompanying drawings, at least one of the sets of male 2 and female parts has rounded shapes. Thus, for example, the assembly simultaneously forming the self-locking, self-sealing and holding in service position means may be in the form, on the one hand, of a substantially semi-cylindrical appendage and, on the other hand, of course with a corresponding section.

The male 2 and female 3 parts equipping the longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling 1 preferably have side walls inclined in the direction of a narrowing of the section from the base towards the top of the male parts and a basic flare towards the opening of the female parts. Thus, during the assembly or disassembly of the panels, slats or paneling 1, the insertion of the male parts 2 into the female parts 3 is facilitated, this insertion being effected by presentation of the panel, slat or paneling 1 to be put in place according to a greater or lesser inclination relative to the horizontal and to the panel, batten or paneling 1 already in place.

Furthermore, in order to further promote the insertion of the male parts 2 into the corresponding female parts 3, the connecting edges of the angles delimiting said male parts 2, as well as angles delimiting housings forming the female parts 3, are advantageously slightly rounded or chamfered.

Thus, the beginning of the penetration of a male part 2 into a female part 3 is facilitated, while the further assembly of the edges is carried out by intimate contact of the corresponding surfaces, so that the assembly is carried out so self-locking, self-sealing self-tightening.

Figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings show, on a larger scale, other alternative embodiments of the invention, in which the flanges connecting the parallel oblique planes forming the longitudinal edges, carrying the male 2 and female 3 parts to the upper surface of the panels, slats or paneling 1 and extending perpendicular to said upper surface, are advantageously each provided with a longitudinal housing 10 partially open along said upper surface each delimiting with the housing 10 the longitudinal edge of the panel, slat paneling 1 adjoining a groove 11 for receiving a seal element 12, in the form of a putty, a strip or the like. Such an embodiment makes it possible to have between the panels, slats or paneling 1, during their assembly, joint elements 12 serving as decorative jointing elements. Thus, it is possible to produce a panel assembly having the appearance of ceramic or other tiles, the joints between said tiles being formed by the elements 12. This embodiment of the longitudinal housings 10 is possible due to the provision of oblique planes, which allow obtaining material thicknesses sufficient to undergo the corresponding machining, which is not possible in the presence of joint planes perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces.

According to another characteristic of the invention and as shown in FIG. 8, at least one male part 2 of one of the parallel oblique planes forming the longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling 1 is provided with a locking means 13 in the form of a longitudinal groove, which cooperates with a cooperating means 14 of the corresponding female part 3, constituted by a longitudinal rib, the assembly of the assembly being effected by plastic deformation of the means 13 and 14. Such a embodiment allows additional locking in position, by clipping, resulting in an improvement in self-tightening and self-jointing already provided by the assembly with multiple grooves and tongues.

In addition, at least one pair of housing 3-male part 2 of the assembly can be completed by at least one additional locking means 15 in the form of a longitudinal projection and corresponding housing. In addition, FIG. 8 represents another characteristic of the invention, according to which the ends of the male parts 2 and bottom of the housings forming the female parts 3 have a face parallel to that of the upper and lower faces of the panels, slats or paneling 1 , the housings forming the female parts 3 having a depth slightly greater than the height of the male parts 2. Thus, there remains, in the assembly position, an operating clearance making it possible to absorb the loads in line with the joints and to ensure self-sealing and self-tightening at three different points, namely at the level of the male parts 2 and level of the locking device 15.

Figure 9 of the accompanying drawings shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the male 2 and female 3 parts of parallel oblique planes forming the longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling 1 are entirely projecting from this plane , while the male 2 and female 3 parts of the other parallel oblique plane are set back with respect to this plane, these male 2 and female parts having curvilinear contours and determining at their edges, respectively female 3 and male 2 parts Therefore, the housing forming the female part 3 of the panel, slat or paneling 1 on the left in FIG. 9 is delimited by a male part 2 in the form of a rounded edge connecting the longitudinal edge with said housing, while the 'other side of this housing 3 is connected to said longitudinal edge by means of a longitudinal element, of curvilinear section, projecting from this side and forming a second male part 2. This results in an assembly with double groove and tongue.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the male parts 2 of the same oblique plane extend in opposite directions. This embodiment allows an assembly of the new panel, paneling slat 1 with that in place by simple engagement movement by rotation. In the assembly positions shown in FIGS. 1 to 9, it clearly appears that the cooperation of the various elements equipping adjacent lateral edges of panels, slats or paneling 1 'assemble allow to achieve, on the one hand, a perfect positioning panel, slat or paneling with the next and the previous one and, on the other hand, a clamping and locking in position of such panels, slats or paneling between them.

In addition, due to the oblique positioning of the assembly faces and the assembly device, any application of force at a joint has the effect of transmitting most of the force applied directly to the oblique faces, so that the assembly device is practically not directly loaded and, in particular, is subjected to a very low shear force.

The assembly of the corresponding edges of the panels, slats or paneling can be easily carried out by matching the entry opening of the female part or parts 3 with the free edge of the tab or tabs forming the male part or parts 2 , this with a slight preliminary inclination of the panel, slat or paneling to be connected, this inclination getting closer and closer to the horizontal as the male 2 and female 3 parts of the panels, slats or paneling cooperate. 1 to assemble.

Thanks to the invention, it is possible to produce panels, slats or paneling, the assembly of the longitudinal edges of which allows self-tightening and self-jointing of said edges, as well as self-locking of said panels, slats or paneling. in the mounted position, while allowing longitudinal movement of said panels, slats or paneling 1 for their assembly by groove and tongue along their lateral edges.

In addition, the invention allows an optimal take-up and distribution of the loads, such that the resulting forces mainly apply to the longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling and that the assembly means proper are practically not subjected to no effort likely to lead to its destruction by fatigue.

Furthermore, due to the production of the lateral edges of the panels, slats or paneling 1 in the form of oblique planes, it is possible, for a predetermined thickness of said panels, slats or paneling, to dimension the assembly device more significantly. than in the case of a vertical embodiment of said longitudinal edges. It follows that the sections of the elements of the assembly device are larger and therefore more resistant.

In addition, in the embodiment according to Figures 3 and 5 to 8, the assembly of the corresponding edges of the panels, slats or paneling 1 can be easily carried out by matching the male parts 2 and female 3 from above in one oblique movement movement parallel to the angle formed by the axes of said parts 2 and 3 with respect to the lateral edges of the panels, slats or paneling 1. The panels, slats or paneling thus produced can be machined in a particularly simple manner with standard tools and with relatively reduced need for intermediate tool adjustment.

It follows that the panels, slats or paneling thus produced are of a lower cost price than those currently known, while offering increased resistance at the joints.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the accompanying drawing. modifications remain possible, in particular from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (22)

1. Device for assembling the longitudinal edges of panels, paneled slats (1), consisting of at least one part ^ 1e (2) fitted to a longitudinal edge of said panels, slats or paneling (and by at least one female part (3) of corresponding shape fitted to the other longitudinal edge of said panels, slats or paneling (1), characterized in that it is of force distribution, in that the longitudinal edges carrying the male and female parts (3) extend along parallel oblique planes, so that the jointing between two successive panels, slats or paneling (1) is preferably carried out outside the vertical plane comprising the male (2) and female (3) parts and in this said male and female parts (3 ) are respectively in the form of an inclined longitudinal tongue, preferably at a right angle downwards, and a correspondingly shaped housing open upwards. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the male (2) and female (3) parts are produced in the form of a simple tongue and groove of square or rectangular section projecting, preferably perpendicularly, relative to the oblique longitudinal edges of the panels. , slats or paneling (1). 3. Device according to any one of claims and 2 characterized in that it is equipped with a self-locking means, self-jointing and holding in the service position. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the self-locking means, self-jointing and holding in the service position is in the form of at least one longitudinal shoulder (4) connecting at least l 'lower edge of the tongue (2), forming the male part of the device, at the corresponding longitudinal edge and cooperating with another shoulder (5) provided on the corresponding edge delimiting the female part (3) of the assembly device. 5. Device according to any one of claims and 4, characterized in that the male part (2) in the form of a longitudinal tongue has, on the side (4 ') opposite to that forming the shoulder (4), a part ( 6) laterally projecting from this side (4 ') and forming an acute angle relative to the oblique surface carrying the male part this part (6) laterally projecting cooperating with a recess (7) of the housing forming the female part (3). 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the laterally projecting part (6) of the male part (2) is in the form of a longitudinal appendage having a cross section narrowing from the longitudinal edge of the panel, batten or paneling (1) direction of the free end of said longitudinal appendage. 7. Device according to any one of claims 2 and 4 to 6, characterized in that the surface (2 ') of the male part (2) connecting the sides (4 and 4') the side (4) and l the outer edge of the laterally projecting part (6) of the male part (2) is preferably in the form of a flat surface. 8. Device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the laterally projecting part (6) of the male part (2) is connected to the longitudinal edge carrying said male part (2) by one side (4 '), preferably perpendicular to this longitudinal edge. 9. Device according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the laterally projecting part (6) of the male part (2) is connected to the longitudinal edge carrying said male part (2) directly by its face ( 6 ') opposite the surface (2') of the male part (2), at an acute angle. 10. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the male (2) and female (3) parts are doubled and, on each longitudinal edge are disposed, adjacent, a male part (2) and a female part ( 3) cooperating with a female part (3) and a male part (2) of the opposite edge, these male (2) and female (3) parts of two edges being staggered. 11. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 4 to 10, characterized in that the tongue and groove forming the male (2) and female (3) parts are produced by curvilinear male and female elements mutually embedding and ensuring a locking in position of the panels, slats or paneling (1) therebetween. 12. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the parallel oblique planes forming the longitudinal edges carrying the male and female parts (3) are connected to the upper and lower surfaces of said panels, slats or paneling (1) by means of edges (l ') thereof, which extend perpendicular to said upper and lower surfaces. 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the edges (l ') of the upper and lower surfaces of the panels, slats or paneling (1) are directly connected to the male (2) and female (3) parts, the bases and end faces in mutual contact extend along parallel oblique planes. 14. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 4 to 13, characterized in that at least one of the male parts (2) is provided, at its end penetrating into the corresponding female part (3) , of a locking element (8) by form-fitting engagement in a corresponding housing (9) of said female part 15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the locking element (8) is constituted in the form of an elastic tongue provided with a latching rib cooperating with the housing of female part (3). 16. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the locking element (8) consists of a 'elastic strip made by forming a longitudinal parallel notch (8') in the male part (2) , this strip being provided with the latching rib cooperating with the housing (9) of the female part 17. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 4 to 13, characterized in that at least one edge (2 ") of a male part (2) and the angle (3") corresponding to the cooperating female part (3) are cut by a flat surface extending parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the panels, slats or paneling (1). 18. Device according to any one of claims 1 to and 10, characterized in that it is completed by a third set of male (2) and female (3) parts simultaneously forming a self-locking means, d '' jointing and holding in service position. 19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that at least one of the sets of male (2) and female (3) parts has rounded shapes. 20. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 '10, 12 to 14 and 18, characterized in that the male (2) and female parts equipping the longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling (1) have side walls inclined in the direction of a narrowing of the section from the base to the top of the male parts and of a flaring of the base towards the opening of the female parts. 21. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 10, 12 to 14 and 18, characterized in that the connecting edges of the acute angles delimiting the male part (2), as well as acute angles delimiting the housing forming the female part (3), are slightly rounded or chamfered. 22. Device according to any one of claims 12 and 13, characterized in that the flanges (l ') connecting the parallel oblique planes forming the longitudinal edges, carrying the male (2) and female (3) parts to the surface upper panels, slats or paneling (1) and extending perpendicular to said upper surface, are each provided with a longitudinal housing (10) partially open along said upper surface and each delimiting with the housing (10) of the edge longitudinal of the panel, batten or paneling (1) adjoining a groove 1) for receiving a joint element (12), in the form of a putty, a strip or the like. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 10 and 1 characterized in that at least one male part (2) of parallel oblique planes forming the longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling (1) is provided with 'A locking means (13) in the form of a longitudinal groove, which cooperates with a cooperating means of the corresponding female part (3), consisting of a longitudinal rib, the assembly of the assembly being effected by plastic deformation locking means (13 and 14). 24. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 10, 11 and 23, characterized in that at least one pair of housing (3) - part ma (2) of the assembly is completed by at least complementary locking means (15) in the form of a longitudinal projection and corresponding housing. 25. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 10, 17, 18 and 21, characterized in that the ends of the male parts (2) and the bottom of the housings forming the female parts (3) have a face parallel to that of the upper and lower faces of the panels, slats or paneling (1), the housings forming the female parts (3) having a depth slightly greater than the height of the male parts (2). 26. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 10 to 13, 17 to 21, 23 and 25, characterized in that the male (2) and female (3) parts of one of the parallel oblique planes forming the longitudinal edges of the panels, slats or paneling (1) are entirely projecting from this plane, while the male (2) and female (3) parts of the other parallel oblique plane are recessed from this plane , these male (2) and female (3) parts having curvilinear contours and determining at their edges, respectively female (3) and male (2) parts. 27. Device according to claim 26, characterized in that the male parts (2) of the same oblique plane extend in opposite directions.