FR2805836A1 - SUBSTRATE FOR THE ACOUSTIC INSULATION OF A FLOATING SLAB - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a substrate (1) intended for the acoustic insulation of a floating slab, comprising a glass veil (2), associated on one of its faces with a plastic film (3). according to the invention relates to the production of new housing or the repair of old housing to fight against the transmission from one housing to another. The substrate according to the invention has in particular a simplicity of implementation in view of the usual techniques.

Description

SUBSTRATE FOR ACOUSTIC INSULATION

OF A FLOATING SLAB

  The invention relates to a substrate intended for the acoustic insulation of a floating slab and produced from a glass veil. It is customary in the building industry and more particularly for the realization of new housing or the repair of old housing to fight against the transmission of noise from one housing to another. One of the main noise pollution is caused by the impact noise which is

transmit through the floor.

  The invention thus relates more specifically to a substrate intended to improve the acoustic insulation and more particularly to reduce the transmission of impact noise from a housing to another located below and therefore to reduce the transmission of

  impact noise through the ground or floor.

  It is usual in the construction or repair of housing, in particular in order to reduce the transmission of impact noise to produce floating slabs or screeds, for example made of cement, above the main slab, generally made of reinforced concrete which constitutes the separation between two superimposed housings. The floating slab or screed is made so as not to be in direct contact with the reinforced concrete slab or with any partitions which are directly connected to said reinforced concrete slab. It is thus known to produce the floating slab or screed by interposing between it and the

  reinforced concrete slab with acoustic insulating material.

  The insulating materials which can be used for this application are all the acoustic insulating materials usually used in the building industry; these may in particular be products of the bituminous type, products of the mineral wool mattress type,

  plastering materials, foam products, polystyrene, etc.

  However, the choice of these products may be limited by the constraints imposed on them; first of all, the material used must be capable of withstanding heavy loads and therefore possibly be compressed while retaining its sound insulation properties. In addition, said acoustic properties of the material must be preserved over time, this for a minimum duration of ten years and advantageously for much longer durations. Materials more particularly well suited to this type of application are materials based on mineral fibers, or bituminous materials, or else products combining these two materials. It appears that these materials make it possible to obtain good acoustic insulation against impact noise and

  that this insulation is preserved almost constantly over time.

  When making a floating slab or screed, the

  operators will therefore first install the insulating material.

  This implementation consists of completely covering the reinforced concrete slab, as well as the lower part of the partitions bordering the area or room in which the floating slab or screed must be made. The reinforced concrete slab is covered with the selected insulating material which is in the form of a rectangular slab, in particular in the case of a glass wool mattress; the covering of the lower parts of the partitions is carried out by strips of the same material which are called edge strips. These edge strips are generally obtained by cutting from plates similar to those which cover the reinforced concrete slab; their width is defined by the thickness of the floating slab which will then be produced. This production is therefore carried out with numerous cuts on the one hand to produce the edge strips and also to adapt the dimensions of the plates to those of the part to be covered. In addition, the installation of all of these elements requires very great rigor to guarantee a good connection between in particular the

  different plates between them and between the plates and the edge strips.

  The operator must then cover all of the insulating material with a waterproof material which protects the acoustic insulating material from humidity. Indeed, during the production of the floating slab or screed, the latter usually being made of cement, the presence of a waterproof material is essential to prevent any degradation of the insulating material due to the presence of moisture in the cement. It is also essential to protect the edge strips from the same risks, which increases the complexity of installing this waterproof material which, like the insulating material, must therefore cover the

  floor and the lower part of the partitions.

  The realization of a floating slab or screed is therefore relatively complicated due to the need to make a

  acoustic insulation coating previously and whose installation is complex.

  The inventors have therefore given themselves the task of finding means of producing a floating slab or screed and more particularly of installing an acoustic insulating coating.

  simplified in view of the techniques usually used.

  This object has been achieved according to the invention by producing a substrate intended for the acoustic insulation of a floating slab comprising a glass veil, the surface of one of the faces of said veil.

  glass being associated with a waterproof plastic film.

  The substrate thus produced according to the invention has the first advantage of being able to simultaneously set up a

  acoustic insulating material and waterproof material.

  Regarding the latter, it is advantageously a polyethylene film whose thickness is preferably at least about 150 microns. In addition to its sealing properties, such a film has the advantage of having advantageous mechanical properties for the application. Indeed, tests have shown that once the substrate thus produced and more particularly the polyethylene film has a resistance such that it is possible for an operator to walk on the substrate without damaging it and in particular without risk of d '' damage the waterproof film which has a particularly satisfactory resistance to tearing, in particular. Furthermore, if, however, an accident occurs, the choice of this material to constitute the waterproof plastic film makes it possible to repair a notch or a small tear with adhesive tape which adheres perfectly and durably by guaranteeing a perfect seal. This good resistance, in particular to tearing, of the waterproof material and the simplicity of repairing it in the event of an incident makes it possible to guarantee the tightness which is necessary during the subsequent production of the

floating screed.

  Advantageously also according to the invention, the plastic film is associated with the glass veil by bonding. An adhesive is preferably used which makes it possible to obtain immediate adhesion; such bonding makes it possible to avoid any risk of slipping between the plastic film and the glass veil which could lead to flatness defects. Such an adhesive is, for example, a "hot melt" adhesive such as the Thermoresol A / F 460 adhesive sold by the company Bostik. Other bonding systems such as, for example, double-sided adhesives, which also provide immediate adhesion, can be used according to the invention. The assembly of glass fleece and plastic film can advantageously be carried out in the factory immediately after the last step of manufacture of the glass veil, according to techniques which are similar for example to the manufacture of multilayer cardboard; the plastic film which may be in the form of a roll can be unwound over a mat which conveys the veil leaving the oven after the binder has been baked and assembled with the glass veil after passing, for example over rollers

  glue coaters or by spraying glue on the glass veil.

  Preferably according to the invention, the glass veil is produced according to the usual technique known as a dry process and it advantageously has a thickness of between 5 and 10 mm and preferably close to 7 mm. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the glass veil has a basis weight between 350 and 500 g / m2 and preferably

still close to 450 g / m2.

  Tests have shown that such a glass veil is perfectly suited to the application of substrates intended for the acoustic insulation of floating slabs; on the one hand, the substrate according to the invention has good resistance to crushing during the production of the floating screed but also over time. And the substrate according to the invention has acoustic insulation properties in view of the impact noises quite satisfactory; tests carried out in the laboratory according to the ISO 140 standard concerning the measurement methodology have shown an acoustic performance of the product according to the invention such that the value ALw, defined according to the ISO 717 standard, ie 28 dB. In addition, such a substrate according to the invention has a reduced thickness compared to the products usually used having a comparable acoustic insulation, which leads to savings in material for the production of the floating slab whose thickness must be proportional to that of the covering separating it from the reinforced concrete slab. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the glass veil has at least one pre-cut along its length and on the face opposite to that associated with the plastic film. Such precuts are made so as to allow subsequent folding of the substrate along the lines formed by the precuts. These pre-cuts can be made over the entire thickness of the glass veil or partially in its thickness; in the first case, the folding is carried out very simply since it is simply a question of folding the film, which retains the parts of the web which have been separated during the precut but which remain associated due to the presence of this film. In the second case, the folding is more difficult since there remains part of the thickness of the web which is intact but on the other hand, the substrate before

  folding retains better integrity.

  Such folds will advantageously be carried out on the edges of the substrate, and the precuts are advantageously provided on each of the two edges, so that the (or) part (s) folded (s) come (s) to bear on a partition during placement of the substrate to form an edge strip. The substrate thus described according to the invention will therefore make it possible to simultaneously cover the

  floor and the lower part of the partitions.

  It is thus unnecessary to make cuts on site to make the edge strips and on the other hand, the installation of these different elements is greatly simplified compared to the techniques usually used. Indeed, the production of these precuts can be provided in the factory for example immediately after the production of the substrate, that is to say after the assembly of the web and the plastic film; such an embodiment in the factory also advantageously makes it possible to very precisely define the depth of the precut. Furthermore, the substrate according to the invention makes it possible, in the case of edge strips, as has been said above for the covering of the floor, to simultaneously place the acoustic insulating material and the material which ensures the sealing between this material

insulation and floating slab.

  Advantageously, the substrate according to the invention comprises at least one adhesive strip partially fixed over at least one length of the plastic film, part of said adhesive strip remaining usable. The expression "remaining usable" means that part of the adhesive zone remains protected and can be fixed

  later to another substrate.

  Preferably, the adhesive strip is glued to the substrate in a non-overlapping manner so that the part which does not adhere is not

  not subject to possible tearing.

  This adhesive strip will allow the operator during the establishment of the substrate to fix two substrates to each other while ensuring a perfect seal at the junction. Indeed, depending on the dimensions of the floor to be covered, it may be necessary to use several substrates according to the invention, these having a limited width, and therefore to ensure the junction between these substrates. The presence of the adhesive strip thus makes it possible according to the invention to make two substrates overlap, the second coming to be inserted between the first substrate and the adhesive strip partially fixed on said first substrate. It is thus possible to properly position the second substrate which abuts on the bonding zone and then the adhesive strip is made to adhere to the second substrate so as to keep the latter in place. The adhesive tape then guarantees the watertightness of the

  junction zone between the two substrates.

  The substrate according to the invention may also include inscriptions making it possible to position two substrates relative to one another. It is indeed possible to provide inscriptions or patterns, in particular on the plastic film which constitutes the upper face of the substrate when laying on the floor, for example to ensure the

parallelism of two substrates.

  The substrate thus described according to the invention makes it possible to simplify the operations of placing an insulating material and a waterproof material, on the one hand on a floor and on the other hand by covering the lower parts of partitions, before the realization of a floating slab or screed. The substrate according to the invention also has other advantages; the small thickness of a glass veil and the flexibility of a plastic film allow a presentation of the substrate in the form of a roll. This further simplifies the installation of the product at the site because a unwinding operation is very simple. In addition, the transport and handling of rolls is simpler than that of products which are in the form of

plates or slabs.

  Other advantageous details and characteristics of the invention

  will emerge below from the description of an exemplary embodiment of a

  substrate with reference to the figures which represent: O Figure 1, a side view in elevation of a schematic representation of a substrate according to the invention, O Figure 2, a top view of Figure 1, O Figure 3, a schematic representation of the association of two substrates according to the invention, i Figure 4, an exploded view of a schematic representation of

  the realization of a floating slab.

  The different figures are not represented on the scale of

  so as to simplify the understanding of the invention.

  In Figure 1 is shown a side view of a substrate 1 according to the invention. This consists of a glass veil 2 on which a polyethylene film 3 is glued in full on its surface. The glass veil was produced using the dry process technique. This technique consists of fiberizing by aerodynamic drawing a mixture of vitrifiable oxides mixed beforehand. The fibers are collected on a conveyor belt in the form of nonwoven fibers to which a heat-crosslinkable binder and optionally longitudinal reinforcing fibers are added. The veil thus formed then passes through an oven to crosslink the binder. At the end of this continuous manufacture, it is possible, as mentioned above, to associate with the glass veil 2 the polyethylene film 3. This film 3 which has a thickness of approximately 150 microns is in the form of a roll which is unwound above the course of the glass veil 1 and is bonded to the upper surface thereof using the Bostik Thermoresol A / F 460 adhesive which is deposited on the film by spraying. It is thus possible to produce the substrate 1 according to a continuous process which only lengthens the line of

production of the glass veil.

  If inscriptions on the polyethylene film 3 are necessary during installation, these can also be carried out

during this production.

  Similarly, an adhesive strip 4 is partially bonded to the polyethylene film 3 automatically immediately after assembly of the glass fleece 2-polyethylene film 3. It appears more clearly in FIG. 2 how this adhesive strip 4 is positioned; it covers an edge of the substrate 1 along a great length, flush with its edge but without going beyond it. Such an embodiment allows in particular when the substrate is rolled or simply handled, not to risk tearing off this adhesive strip 4 accidentally, the latter remaining partially free. The free part of this adhesive strip 4 is protected by a protective film which the operator can remove by peeling when he needs to use this part of the adhesive strip 4 to combine two

substrates 1 to each other.

  During the continuous manufacturing process of the substrate 1, it is still possible to make the precuts 5. In FIG. 1, these precuts 5 have been made over part of the thickness so that the glass veil retains an integrity in oneself. These precuts 5 create lines which, when laying the substrates 1 on a floor, will make it possible to fold, in particular to form the

  edge strips which cover the lower part of the partitions.

  Such precuts can also be made in a transverse direction, and for example provided at regular intervals to allow folding in the other direction so as to form the edge strips on the partitions perpendicular to the previous ones. In Figure 3 is shown an assembly between two substrates 1 along their length. During installation, the operator will partially superimpose the two substrates 1 so that the adhesive strip 4 initially fixed on one of the substrates comes to cover the second substrate 1 and can adhere to its polyethylene film 3. This superposition causes a slight crushing of the two substrates which is preserved due to the retention by the adhesive strip 4. FIG. 4 clearly shows that after assembly of the two substrates 1, the adhesive strip 4 makes it possible to guarantee a perfect seal at the junction. In order to provide a product which is simple to install and easy to transport, provision is made to provide the user with rolls whose weight advantageously does not exceed 25 kg, the unrolled substrate having a length of 30 meters or more and a width 1.25 meters. FIG. 4 shows an installation in exploded view of an embodiment of a floating slab. On a reinforced concrete slab 6, bounded by partitions 7, an operator came to deposit a substrate 1 according to the invention comprising in particular a glass veil 2 and a film l1 polyethylene 3, which provides sealing. At the level of the partitions 7, the substrate 1 is folded so as to cover the lower part of the said partitions along the fold lines 8 which correspond to the precuts 5. These precuts are defined so that the edge strips have a height greater than that of the floating slab that will be produced. The floating slab or screed 9 can then be produced without risk of damaging the glass veil 2 which is protected from moisture by the polyethylene film 3. Above the floating slab 9, can

  then install a floor covering 10 and plinths 1 1.

  During installation, the substrates 1 according to the invention also make it possible to achieve overlapping of the angles between two partitions which is particularly effective and simple to produce. Indeed, it is possible at the angle that the operator eliminates a square of glass veil using a sharp tool without cutting the polyethylene film; the square of glass veil is very easily peeled off from the polyethylene film. Such a modification will make it possible to fold two parts of the substrate 1 to form two perpendicular edge strips without excess material with regard to the glass veil and on the other hand by preserving an excess of polyethylene film, which is not annoying and at otherwise guarantees tightness in this area where the usual techniques are often

  very delicate to implement to guarantee an equivalent result.

  The substrate thus described according to the invention therefore makes it possible to achieve effective sound insulation over time in a simplified manner and

  faster than the usual techniques.

Claims (10)

  1. Substrate (1) intended for the acoustic insulation of a floating slab comprising a glass veil (2), characterized in that a plastic film (3) is associated with a surface of the glass veil (2). 2. Substrate (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic film (3) is a polyethylene film, preferably of a thickness at least about 150 microns.   3. Substrate (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the   film (3) is associated with the glass veil (2) by bonding.   4. Substrate (1) according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the glass veil (2) has a thickness between 5 and 10 mm and preferably around 7 mm.   5. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized   in that the glass veil (2) has a grammage of between 350   and 500 g / m2 and preferably close to 450 g / m2.   6. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized   in that the glass veil (2) has at least one pre-cut (5)   along its length to allow folding (8).   7. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized   in that at least one adhesive strip (4) is partially fixed over at least one length of the plastic film (3) and in that part of   said adhesive strip (4) remains usable.   8. Substrate (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the strip   adhesive (4) is bonded to the substrate (1) in a non-overlapping manner.   9. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized   in that the visible face of the plastic film (3) has inscriptions   allowing two substrates to be positioned relative to each other.   10. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized   in that it is in the form of a roll.