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FR2717368A1 - Anchor for securing object to bone, e.g. artificial limbs - Google Patents

Anchor for securing object to bone, e.g. artificial limbs Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2717368A1
FR2717368A1 FR9403105A FR9403105A FR2717368A1 FR 2717368 A1 FR2717368 A1 FR 2717368A1 FR 9403105 A FR9403105 A FR 9403105A FR 9403105 A FR9403105 A FR 9403105A FR 2717368 A1 FR2717368 A1 FR 2717368A1
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France
Prior art keywords
anchoring device
bone
connecting element
barbs
rods
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9403105A
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French (fr)
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FR2717368B1 (en
Inventor
Iserin Alain
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR9403105A priority Critical patent/FR2717368A1/en
Publication of FR2717368A1 publication Critical patent/FR2717368A1/en
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Publication of FR2717368B1 publication Critical patent/FR2717368B1/fr
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
    • A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
    • A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
    • A61F2002/0876—Position of anchor in respect to the bone
    • A61F2002/0888—Anchor in or on a blind hole or on the bone surface without formation of a tunnel

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

The anchor, being made of Titanium, comprises a rigid connector (1) whose cross section is no larger than that of the hole (5) into which the object is to be inserted, and is provided with at least one projecting barb. The barbs are formed by flexible wires (13,14) engaging the connector at one end, with their free ends (15,16) extending beyond the proximal end (3) of the connector body. Two transverse passages (12,20) are formed in the connector body at a point between the distal end (2) and the attachment hole for the object to be anchored to the bone. The barbs are made of stainless steel having a diameter of 1 mm and pass orthogonally to each other through the passages to project radially from the connector body.

Description

Dispositif d'ancrage pour attacher un objet à un os. Anchoring device for attaching an object to a bone.

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'ancrage pour attacher un objet, par exemple un ligament artificiel, à un os. On connaît dans l'état de la technique de tels dispositifs. A titre d'exemple, le brevet européen EP314769 divulgue un dispositif d'ancrage pour attacher un objet à un os. Le dispositif d'ancrage est susceptible d'être logé dans un trou dans l'os et comporte des parties engageant la paroi latérale du trou pour résister au retrait de l'ancre du trou, ainsi que des moyens d'attache pour relier ledit objet au dispositif d'ancrage. Il est constitué par un élément de liaison rigide et au moins une barbe. L'élément de liaison présente un axe longitudinal, des extrémités opposées première et deuxième reliées par une surface extérieure, et une coupe transversale maximale plus petite que le diamètre du trou. Chacune des barbes s'étend à partir de l'élément de liaison à la fois en direction longitudinale et radiale jusqu'à une extrémité extérieure située à une distance radiale déterminée à l'extérieur d'une projection axiale de la coupe transversale maximale de l'élément de liaison, de sorte que la somme du diamètre de la coupe transversale maximale et de la distance déterminée est au moins égale au diamètre du trou. Chacune des barbes est également capable d'une déformation élastique jusqu'à une configuration substantiellement droite généralement à l'intérieur de la projection axiale du diamètre maximum de l'élément de liaison transversalement à l'axe longitudinal. The present invention relates to an anchoring device for attaching an object, for example an artificial ligament, to a bone. In the state of the art, such devices are known. By way of example, European patent EP314769 discloses an anchoring device for attaching an object to a bone. The anchoring device is capable of being housed in a hole in the bone and comprises parts engaging the side wall of the hole to resist the withdrawal of the anchor from the hole, as well as attachment means for connecting said object. to the anchoring device. It consists of a rigid connecting element and at least one beard. The connecting member has a longitudinal axis, opposite first and second ends connected by an outer surface, and a maximum cross section smaller than the diameter of the hole. Each of the barbs extends from the connecting element in both longitudinal and radial directions to an outer end situated at a determined radial distance outside an axial projection of the maximum cross section of the 'connecting element, so that the sum of the diameter of the maximum cross section and the determined distance is at least equal to the diameter of the hole. Each of the barbs is also capable of elastic deformation up to a substantially straight configuration generally within the axial projection of the maximum diameter of the connecting element transversely to the longitudinal axis.

Le dispositif d'ancrage présente des inconvénients lorsque l'os est fragilisé. Les barbes coopèrent avec l'enveloppe dure de l'os essentiellement par leur extrémité. Ce contact de type ponctuel ne garantie pas un ancrage suffisant dans certains cas d' intervention.  The anchoring device has drawbacks when the bone is weakened. The beards cooperate with the hard shell of the bone essentially by their ends. This one-off contact does not guarantee sufficient anchoring in certain intervention cases.

L'objet de la présente invention est de remédier a cet inconvénient en proposant un dispositif permettant de garantir un ancrage satisfaisant même lorsque la paroi de l'os est dégradée. The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback by proposing a device making it possible to guarantee satisfactory anchoring even when the wall of the bone is degraded.

A cet effet, le dispositif d'ancrage selon l'invention est constitué par un élément de liaison rigide et au moins une barbe, ledit élément de liaison ayant un axe longitudinal, des extrémités opposées distale et proximale reliées par une surface extérieure, et une coupe transversale maximale plus petite que le diamètre du trou caractérisé en ce que les barbes sont constituées par des tiges flexibles dont l'extrémité dépasse au repos l'extrémité proximale de l'élément de liaison. To this end, the anchoring device according to the invention consists of a rigid connecting element and at least one beard, said connecting element having a longitudinal axis, opposite distal and proximal ends connected by an external surface, and a maximum cross section smaller than the diameter of the hole, characterized in that the barbs are constituted by flexible rods, the end of which protrudes beyond the proximal end of the connecting element.

Les tiges flexibles se déploient pour venir en contact linéaire avec la paroi dur de l'os. The flexible rods extend to come into linear contact with the hard wall of the bone.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'élément de liaison présente deux canaux transversaux situés entre l'extrémité distale et le moyen d'attache de l'objet, les barbes étant constituées par deux tiges déformables élastiquement traversant lesdits deux canaux transversaux. According to a preferred embodiment, the connecting element has two transverse channels located between the distal end and the attachment means of the object, the barbs being constituted by two elastically deformable rods passing through said two transverse channels.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, les projections sur un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal des deux canaux transversaux sont perpendiculaires. According to a particular embodiment, the projections on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the two transverse channels are perpendicular.

Avantageusement, chacun des canaux présente deux segments sensiblement droits débouchant dans à la surface extérieure en deux points diamétralement opposés, les segments formant avec l'axe longitudinal un angle compris entre 5 et 20 degrés, de préférence de l'ordre de 15 degrés. Advantageously, each of the channels has two substantially straight segments opening into the outer surface at two diametrically opposite points, the segments forming with the longitudinal axis an angle between 5 and 20 degrees, preferably of the order of 15 degrees.

Selon une variante particulière, les tiges formant les barbes sont constituées par des fils d'acier inoxydable d'un diamètre d'environ 1 millimètre. According to a particular variant, the rods forming the barbs are formed by stainless steel wires with a diameter of approximately 1 millimeter.

Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre particulier, pour un élément de liaison de longueur L, l'orifice de sortie des tiges est situé à une distance d'environ 0,65
L de l'extrémité distale, et en ce que les tiges dépassent de l'extrémité proximale d'une longueur d'environ 0,3 L.According to a particular embodiment, for a connecting element of length L, the rod outlet orifice is located at a distance of approximately 0.65
L from the distal end, and in that the stems project from the proximal end by a length of about 0.3 L.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit, concernant un mode de réalisation non limitatif, se référant aux dessins annexés où:
- la figure 1 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale du dispositif d'ancrage au repos
- la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale du dispositif d'ancrage en position d'ancrage.The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, concerning a nonlimiting embodiment, referring to the appended drawings where:
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the anchoring device at rest
- Figure 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the anchoring device in the anchoring position.

La figure 1 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale du dispositif d'ancrage avant implantation. FIG. 1 represents a view in longitudinal section of the anchoring device before implantation.

Il est constitué par un élément de liaison (1) de forme cylindrique présentant une extrémité distale (2) et une extrémité proximale (3).It consists of a connecting element (1) of cylindrical shape having a distal end (2) and a proximal end (3).

L'élément de liaison (1) est constitué par un cylindre de titane d'une longueur de 6 ou de 8 millimètres et d'une section respectivement de 1,5 millimètres ou de 2 millimètres, en fonction de l'utilisation envisagée. Le bord supérieur (4) est chanfreiné. L'extrémité distale (2) forme une pointe permettant la perforation de la paroi dure de l'os. The connecting element (1) consists of a titanium cylinder with a length of 6 or 8 millimeters and a section of 1.5 millimeters or 2 millimeters respectively, depending on the intended use. The upper edge (4) is chamfered. The distal end (2) forms a point allowing the perforation of the hard wall of the bone.

L'élément de liaison (1) présente un trou (5) traversant la partie supérieur, à proximité de l'extrémité proximale (3) . Ce trou (5) présente une section d'environ 1 millimètres ou 1,5 millimètres pour un élément de liaison d'une section de respectivement 1,5 ou 2 millimètres. Les bords (6) du trou (5) sont chanfreiné pour éviter de présenter des arêtes vives susceptibles d'abîmer l'objet, par exemple le ligament artificiel. The connecting element (1) has a hole (5) passing through the upper part, near the proximal end (3). This hole (5) has a section of approximately 1 millimeter or 1.5 millimeters for a connecting element with a section of respectively 1.5 or 2 millimeters. The edges (6) of the hole (5) are chamfered to avoid presenting sharp edges liable to damage the object, for example the artificial ligament.

L'élément de liaison présente en outre un premier canal (7) dont la forme générale correspond à un "V". Le canal (7) présente deux segments (8, 9) se rejoignant sur l'axe longitudinal (11) de l'élément (1).  The connecting element also has a first channel (7) whose general shape corresponds to a "V". The channel (7) has two segments (8, 9) meeting on the longitudinal axis (11) of the element (1).

L'axe (10) des segments (7, 8) forme avec l'axe longitudinal (11) un angle d'environ 15 degrés.The axis (10) of the segments (7, 8) forms with the longitudinal axis (11) an angle of about 15 degrees.

L'élément de liaison présente un deuxième canal (12) dont la projection, sur le plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal (11), et perpendiculaire à la projection du premier canal (7) sur ce même plan. The connecting element has a second channel (12) whose projection, on the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (11), and perpendicular to the projection of the first channel (7) on this same plane.

Ces canaux sont réalisés par usinage ou par tout autre moyen connu. These channels are produced by machining or by any other known means.

Chacun des canaux est traversé par une tige
(13, 14) flexible élastiquement. Ces tiges sont réalisées en acier inoxydable ou an tout matériau biocompatible présentant une élasticité permettant une déformation réversible
La longueur de la tige (13, 14) est déterminée de manière à ce que les deux extrémités (15, 16) dépassent l'extrémité proximale (3) de l'élément de liaison (1) d'une longueur comprise entre 1 et 3 millimètres. Les deux branches (17, 18) de chaque tige
(13, 14) forment avec l'axe longitudinal un angle d'environ 15 degrés. La tige sort de chaque coté de la surface extérieure (22) de l'élément (1) par des orifices
(20, 21) situés à une distance d'environ 5 millimètres de l'extrémité distale (2).Each channel is crossed by a rod
(13, 14) resiliently flexible. These rods are made of stainless steel or of any biocompatible material having an elasticity allowing reversible deformation
The length of the rod (13, 14) is determined so that the two ends (15, 16) project beyond the proximal end (3) of the connecting element (1) by a length between 1 and 3 millimeters. The two branches (17, 18) of each rod
(13, 14) form an angle of about 15 degrees with the longitudinal axis. The rod exits on each side of the external surface (22) of the element (1) through orifices
(20, 21) located at a distance of about 5 millimeters from the distal end (2).

La figure 2 représente le dispositif d'ancrage en position dans l'os. Figure 2 shows the anchoring device in position in the bone.

Les branches (17, 18) des tiges (13, 14) viennent se positionner contre la surface intérieur de la paroi dure (23) de l'os. Elles assurent ainsi un ancrage non seulement ponctuel mais sur toute l'étendue des branches de la tige. The branches (17, 18) of the rods (13, 14) are positioned against the inner surface of the hard wall (23) of the bone. They thus ensure an anchoring not only punctual but over the entire extent of the branches of the rod.

L'invention est décrite dans ce qui précède à titre d'exemple non limitatif. Il est bien entendu que l'Homme de métier sera à même de réaliser différentes variantes sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.  The invention is described in the foregoing by way of nonlimiting example. It is understood that the skilled person will be able to produce different variants without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

REVENDICATIONS 1 - Dispositif d'ancrage pour attacher un objet à un os constitué par un élément de liaison (1) rigide et au moins une barbe (15), ledit élément de liaison (1) ayant un axe longitudinal, des extrémités opposées distales et proximale (2, 3) reliées par une surface extérieure (22), et une coupe transversale maximale plus petite que le diamètre du trou (5) pour le passage de l'objet à ancrer, caractérisé en ce que les barbes sont constituées par des tiges (13, 14) flexibles dont les extrémités (15, 16) dépassent au repos l'extrémité proximale (3) de l'élément de liaison (1). 1 - Anchoring device for attaching an object to a bone constituted by a rigid connecting element (1) and at least one beard (15), said connecting element (1) having a longitudinal axis, opposite distal and proximal ends (2, 3) connected by an outer surface (22), and a maximum cross section smaller than the diameter of the hole (5) for the passage of the object to be anchored, characterized in that the barbs are constituted by rods (13, 14) flexible whose ends (15, 16) protrude at rest the proximal end (3) of the connecting element (1). 2 - Dispositif d'ancrage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'élément de liaison (1) présente deux canaux (7, 12) transversaux situés entre l'extrémité distale (2) et le moyen d'attache (5) de l'objet, les barbes étant constituées par deux tiges (10, 13) déformables élastiquement traversant lesdits deux canaux (7, 12) transversaux. 2 - Anchoring device according to claim 1 characterized in that the connecting element (1) has two transverse channels (7, 12) located between the distal end (2) and the attachment means (5) of the object, the barbs being constituted by two rods (10, 13) elastically deformable passing through said two transverse channels (7, 12). 3 - Dispositif d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les projections sur un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal des deux canaux (7, 12) transversaux sont perpendiculaires. 3 - An anchoring device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projections on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the two transverse channels (7, 12) are perpendicular. 4 - Dispositif d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que chacun des canaux (7, 12) présente deux segments (8, 9) sensiblement droits débouchant à la surface extérieure en deux points diamétralement opposés, les segments (8, 9) formant avec l'axe longitudinal (11) un angle compris entre 5 et 20 degrés, de préférence de l'ordre de 15 degrés. 4 - Anchoring device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the channels (7, 12) has two substantially straight segments (8, 9) opening onto the outer surface at two diametrically opposite points, the segments ( 8, 9) forming with the longitudinal axis (11) an angle between 5 and 20 degrees, preferably of the order of 15 degrees. 5 - Dispositif d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les tiges formant les barbes sont constituées par des fils d'acier inoxydable d'un diamètre d'environ 1 millimètre. 5 - An anchoring device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the rods forming the barbs are formed by stainless steel son with a diameter of about 1 millimeter. 6 - Dispositif d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que, pour un élément de longueur L, l'orifice de sortie des tiges est situé à une distance d'environ 0,65 6 - Anchoring device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for an element of length L, the rod exit orifice is located at a distance of approximately 0.65 L de l'extrémité distale, et en ce que les tiges dépassent de l'extrémité proximale d'une longueur d'environ 0,3 L.L from the distal end, and in that the stems project from the proximal end by a length of about 0.3 L. 7 - Dispositif d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les deux branches (17, 18) de chaque tige (13, 14) forment, au repos, un angle d'environ 15 degrés avec l'axe longitudinal et en ce que les branches (17, 18) des tiges (13, 14) viennent se positionner contre la surface intérieur de la paroi dure (23) de l'os lorsque le dispositif d'ancrage est en position dans l'os. 7 - An anchoring device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the two branches (17, 18) of each rod (13, 14) form, at rest, an angle of about 15 degrees with the axis longitudinal and in that the branches (17, 18) of the rods (13, 14) are positioned against the inner surface of the hard wall (23) of the bone when the anchoring device is in position in the bone . 8 - Dispositif d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les deux branches (17, 18) assurent un ancrage non seulement ponctuel mais sur toute l'étendue des branches de la tige lorsque le dispositif d'ancrage est en position dans lots.  8 - Anchoring device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two branches (17, 18) provide anchoring not only punctually but over the entire extent of the branches of the rod when the anchoring device is in position in lots.
FR9403105A 1994-03-16 1994-03-16 Anchor for securing object to bone, e.g. artificial limbs Granted FR2717368A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9403105A FR2717368A1 (en) 1994-03-16 1994-03-16 Anchor for securing object to bone, e.g. artificial limbs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9403105A FR2717368A1 (en) 1994-03-16 1994-03-16 Anchor for securing object to bone, e.g. artificial limbs

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FR2717368A1 true FR2717368A1 (en) 1995-09-22
FR2717368B1 FR2717368B1 (en) 1997-02-21

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US8845687B2 (en) 1996-08-19 2014-09-30 Bonutti Skeletal Innovations Llc Anchor for securing a suture
US9226828B2 (en) 2004-10-26 2016-01-05 P Tech, Llc Devices and methods for stabilizing tissue and implants
US9271766B2 (en) 2004-10-26 2016-03-01 P Tech, Llc Devices and methods for stabilizing tissue and implants
US9610073B2 (en) 2006-02-07 2017-04-04 P Tech, Llc Methods and devices for intracorporeal bonding of implants with thermal energy
US9629687B2 (en) 2002-03-20 2017-04-25 P Tech, Llc Robotic arthroplasty system
US9750496B2 (en) 2002-08-27 2017-09-05 P Tech, Llc System for securing a portion of a body
US9962162B2 (en) 2003-04-30 2018-05-08 P Tech, Llc Tissue fastener and methods for using same
US9980761B2 (en) 2004-10-26 2018-05-29 P Tech, Llc Tissue fixation system and method
US9980717B2 (en) 2005-02-22 2018-05-29 P Tech, Llc Device and method for securing body tissue
US9986994B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2018-06-05 P Tech, Llc Method and device for securing body tissue
US10058393B2 (en) 2015-10-21 2018-08-28 P Tech, Llc Systems and methods for navigation and visualization
US10076377B2 (en) 2013-01-05 2018-09-18 P Tech, Llc Fixation systems and methods
US10238378B2 (en) 2004-10-26 2019-03-26 P Tech, Llc Tissue fixation system and method
US10390817B2 (en) 2007-02-13 2019-08-27 P Tech, Llc Tissue fixation system and method
US11129645B2 (en) 2006-02-07 2021-09-28 P Tech, Llc Methods of securing a fastener
US11246638B2 (en) 2006-05-03 2022-02-15 P Tech, Llc Methods and devices for utilizing bondable materials
US11253296B2 (en) 2006-02-07 2022-02-22 P Tech, Llc Methods and devices for intracorporeal bonding of implants with thermal energy
US11278331B2 (en) 2006-02-07 2022-03-22 P Tech Llc Method and devices for intracorporeal bonding of implants with thermal energy

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US6447516B1 (en) 1999-08-09 2002-09-10 Peter M. Bonutti Method of securing tissue
US6368343B1 (en) 2000-03-13 2002-04-09 Peter M. Bonutti Method of using ultrasonic vibration to secure body tissue
US6635073B2 (en) 2000-05-03 2003-10-21 Peter M. Bonutti Method of securing body tissue
US9439642B2 (en) 2006-02-07 2016-09-13 P Tech, Llc Methods and devices for utilizing bondable materials

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Cited By (46)

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