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FR2686698A1 - Electronic device for carrying out analyses of gaseous, liquid or solid materials - Google Patents

Electronic device for carrying out analyses of gaseous, liquid or solid materials Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2686698A1
FR2686698A1 FR9200855A FR9200855A FR2686698A1 FR 2686698 A1 FR2686698 A1 FR 2686698A1 FR 9200855 A FR9200855 A FR 9200855A FR 9200855 A FR9200855 A FR 9200855A FR 2686698 A1 FR2686698 A1 FR 2686698A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
signal
probe
materials
electronic signature
carrying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR9200855A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Girardeau Francois
Jean
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GIRARDEAU FRANCOIS
Original Assignee
GIRARDEAU FRANCOIS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GIRARDEAU FRANCOIS filed Critical GIRARDEAU FRANCOIS
Priority to FR9200855A priority Critical patent/FR2686698A1/en
Publication of FR2686698A1 publication Critical patent/FR2686698A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an entirely electronic device allowing analyses of materials without carrying out spectral analysis. It consists of a probe, a system for injecting and generating a signal, a system measuring and characterising an electronic signature of the material. The analysis is then carried out by comparison with a databank incorporated with the device. The device according to the invention is particularly intended for monitoring air and water pollution.

Description

DescriDtion
Titre : Dispositif électronique pour effectuer des analyses de matériaux gazeux, liquides ou solides.Description
Title: Electronic device to carry out analyzes of gaseous, liquid or solid materials.

La présente description concerne un dispositif électronique destine å l'analyse de matériaux aussi divers qu'un gaz, un liquide ou un solide, de manière qualitative ou quantitative. The present description relates to an electronic device intended for the analysis of materials as diverse as a gas, a liquid or a solid, in a qualitative or quantitative manner.

Traditionnellement l'analyse est faite a partir d'un relevé spectral de transmission d'une lumiere connue a travers le materiaux å analyser. Traditionally, the analysis is made from a spectral statement of transmission of a known light through the materials to be analyzed.

L'analyse effectuée å l'aide de l'invention repose sur le principe de la comparaison d'une signature elec- tronique du materiaux analysé avec des données préala- blement établies. Le dispositif realise å la fois le relevé de cette signature électronique et l'analyse proprement dite par comparaison. The analysis carried out with the aid of the invention is based on the principle of comparing an electronic signature of the material analyzed with data previously established. The device carries out both the reading of this electronic signature and the actual analysis by comparison.

L'invention consiste a effectuer le relevé de la signature electronique å l'aide d'un dispositif entièrement électronique, dont la sonde est constituée par deux électrodes faisant fonction de capteurs entre lesquelles ou autour desquelles est placé le matériaux. The invention consists in carrying out the reading of the electronic signature using a fully electronic device, the probe of which consists of two electrodes acting as sensors between which or around which the material is placed.

L'injection d'un signal connu entre les électrodes permet a la manière d'un analyseur d'impédance, de relever une fonction de transfert de l'ensemble électrode/matériaux. La courbe obtenue dans un plan Oxy est alors représentative de la constitution du materiaux. The injection of a known signal between the electrodes makes it possible, in the manner of an impedance analyzer, to take up a transfer function of the electrode / materials assembly. The curve obtained in an Oxy plane is then representative of the constitution of the materials.

Il s'agit de la signature électronique. Les conditions de mesures pour determiner la signature électronique d'un matériaux sont très importantes et sont identiques ss celles utilises pour établir les données de comparaison.This is the electronic signature. The measurement conditions for determining the electronic signature of a material are very important and are identical to those used to establish the comparison data.

La comparaison consiste a trouver dans une banque de données la courbe la plus proche de la signature electronique obtenue pour déterminer avec la prGcision de la banque de donnees la composition globale du matériaux.  The comparison consists in finding in a database the curve closest to the electronic signature obtained in order to determine with the accuracy of the database the overall composition of the materials.

La figure 1 représente un exemple de courbe ou signature électronique (f) dans le plan Oxy, caracterisant un matériaux. FIG. 1 represents an example of a curve or electronic signature (f) in the Oxy plane, characterizing a material.

La figure 2 représente le synoptique du dispositif selon l'invention. FIG. 2 represents the block diagram of the device according to the invention.

Selon les modes particuliers de réalisation
- Les électrodes de la sonde (3) peuvent entre réalisées dans des matériaux en fonction du type de ceux å analyser (2). Par exemple l'analyse de l'air peut etre faite avec des électrodes métalliques.According to the particular embodiments
- The electrodes of the probe (3) can be made of materials depending on the type of those to be analyzed (2). For example, the air analysis can be done with metallic electrodes.

- Un circuit d'adaptation (4) est adjoint a la sonde pour adapter les niveaux mesures et augmenter la précision des résultats. - An adaptation circuit (4) is added to the probe to adapt the measurement levels and increase the accuracy of the results.

- L'injecteur de signal (5) peut etre réalisé a base de transistors, d'amplificateurs operationnels, de circuits intégrés et de composants passifs dont les domaines de fonctionnement correspondent a ceux du générateur de signal et de la sonde. Sa fonction est de stimuler l'ensemble sonde/matériaux.  - The signal injector (5) can be produced on the basis of transistors, operational amplifiers, integrated circuits and passive components whose operating domains correspond to those of the signal generator and the probe. Its function is to stimulate the probe / material combination.

- Le générateur de signal (6) est un oscillateur qui peut etre réalisé pour générer un seul signal très spécifique a un type de matériaux a analyser. Dans certaines applications plusieurs types de signaux peuvent être injectes successivement en caracterisant l'amplitude, la forme, la frequence, la puissance, la composition spectrale, la durée d'injection, la fréquence de répétition de l'injection. - The signal generator (6) is an oscillator which can be produced to generate a single signal very specific to a type of material to be analyzed. In certain applications, several types of signals can be injected successively by characterizing the amplitude, the shape, the frequency, the power, the spectral composition, the duration of injection, the frequency of repetition of the injection.

- L'analyseur XY (7) permet d'échantillonner la fonction de transfert (ou la signature électronique) pour la rendre exploitable par le comparateur. Il comporte un convertisseur analogique-numOrique et de la logique de synchronisation avec le générateur de signal. Les grandeurs analyses pour déterminer la signature électronique dépendent du matériaux, ce peut etre un relevé cou rant/tension ou impédance/fréquence.  - The XY analyzer (7) samples the transfer function (or the electronic signature) to make it usable by the comparator. It includes an analog-to-digital converter and synchronization logic with the signal generator. The quantities analyzed to determine the electronic signature depend on the materials, it can be a current / voltage or impedance / frequency reading.

- Le comparateur et le sequenceur (8) sont realises soit a partir d'un microprocesseur ou microcontro leur, soit a partir d'un systeme informatique. La logique est donc développée sous la forme de logiciel. - The comparator and the sequencer (8) are produced either from a microprocessor or microcontroller, or from a computer system. The logic is therefore developed in the form of software.

Cette fonction est le coeur du dispositif et elle contrôle les fonctions suivantes
* le générateur de signaux
* l'injecteur de signaux
* l'analyseur XY
* la banque de données de comparaison
* l'affichage du résultat
Il peut entre envisagé de réaliser la fonction comparateur/séquenceur en logique ciblée 9 l'aide de composants programmés.This function is the heart of the device and it controls the following functions
* the signal generator
* the signal injector
* the XY analyzer
* the comparison database
* display of the result
It can be envisaged between performing the comparator / sequencer function in targeted logic 9 using programmed components.

- La banque de données de comparaison (9) est une mémoire qui contient des informations préalablement établies. Elles peuvent se présenter sous la forme de me- moire morte (ROM) ou de disque dur ou souple suivant le système séquenceur utilisé. - The comparison database (9) is a memory which contains previously established information. They can be in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or of hard or flexible disk according to the sequencing system used.

- L'affichage du résultat de l'analyse (10) peut prendre plusieurs formes en fonction de l'application de l'appareil développe : affichage simple pour analyse qualitative, ou plus complexe pour l'analyse quantitative. - The display of the analysis result (10) can take several forms depending on the application of the device developed: simple display for qualitative analysis, or more complex for quantitative analysis.

Le dispositif selon l'invention est particuliere- ment destiner au contrôle de la pollution de l'air et de 1 'eau.  The device according to the invention is particularly intended for controlling air and water pollution.

Claims (4)

RevendicationsClaims 1) Dispositif pour effectuer des analyses de mate- riaux par un procède électronique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte 1) Device for carrying out material analyzes by an electronic process, characterized in that it comprises - une sonde composée de deux électrodes (3) entre lesquelles ou autour desquelles est placé le mate riaux a analyser - a probe composed of two electrodes (3) between or around which the material to be analyzed is placed - un adaptateur de sonde (4) permettant d'adapter les niveaux recueillis - a probe adapter (4) allowing the levels collected to be adapted - un injecteur de signal (5) permettant de stimuler l'ensemble sonde/matériaux - a signal injector (5) for stimulating the probe / material assembly - un générateur de signal (6) pour générer le signal 9 injecter - a signal generator (6) to generate the signal 9 to inject - un ensemble analyseur XY (7) assurant le relevé de la signature électronique caractéristique du ma fériaux  - an XY analyzer assembly (7) ensuring the statement of the electronic signature characteristic of the materials - une mémoire (9) contenant un ensemble de relevés types, constuant la banque de donnée, et préalablement établie du matériaux analysé - a memory (9) containing a set of standard statements, constituting the database, and previously established for the analyzed material - un comparateur/séquenceur (8) permettant de comparer le relevé avec la banque de données contenue dans la mémoire (9) - a comparator / sequencer (8) making it possible to compare the reading with the data bank contained in the memory (9) - un afficheur (10) permettant a l'utilisateur de visualiser le resultat. - a display (10) allowing the user to view the result. 2) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la sonde assure l'injection d'un signal et la mesure de la réponse a ce signal. 2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the probe provides the injection of a signal and the measurement of the response to this signal. 3) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que le relevé de la fonction de transfert caractéristique du matériaux est comparée a d'autres du même type stockées préalablement dans une mémoire  3) Device according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterized in that the statement of the characteristic transfer function of the materials is compared with others of the same type previously stored in a memory 4) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la signature électronique est convertie en donnés numériques  4) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic signature is converted into digital data
FR9200855A 1992-01-28 1992-01-28 Electronic device for carrying out analyses of gaseous, liquid or solid materials Pending FR2686698A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9200855A FR2686698A1 (en) 1992-01-28 1992-01-28 Electronic device for carrying out analyses of gaseous, liquid or solid materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9200855A FR2686698A1 (en) 1992-01-28 1992-01-28 Electronic device for carrying out analyses of gaseous, liquid or solid materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2686698A1 true FR2686698A1 (en) 1993-07-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210190702A1 (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-24 Chenshu Wu Method, apparatus, and system for wireless material sensing

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146834A (en) * 1974-09-19 1979-03-27 Drexelbrook Controls, Inc. Admittance measuring system for monitoring the condition of materials
EP0187392A1 (en) * 1985-01-02 1986-07-16 Rafagnataekni (Electronics) A method and an apparatus for determining the degree of freshness of fish or other pieces of meat

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146834A (en) * 1974-09-19 1979-03-27 Drexelbrook Controls, Inc. Admittance measuring system for monitoring the condition of materials
US4146834B1 (en) * 1974-09-19 1992-09-22 Drexelbrook Controls
EP0187392A1 (en) * 1985-01-02 1986-07-16 Rafagnataekni (Electronics) A method and an apparatus for determining the degree of freshness of fish or other pieces of meat

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS E:SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS vol. 22, no. 5, Mai 1989, pages 293 - 296 , XP118539 WOLFGANG LORTZ,WERNER OSWALD, GABRIELE KELEMAN AND GÜNTER SCHÖN 'high temperature cell for automated low-frequency impedance measurements of solids' *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210190702A1 (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-24 Chenshu Wu Method, apparatus, and system for wireless material sensing
US11181486B2 (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-11-23 Origin Wireless, Inc. Method, apparatus, and system for wireless material sensing

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