FR2646100A1 - DEVICE FOR PURIFYING GASES EXCHANGED BETWEEN THE INTERIOR OF A CELLAR AND THE EXTERIOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for purifying the gases exchanged between the interior of a vault and the exterior, comprising a housing 1, the interior of which contains a layer 16 of pulverulent filter products 17, and communicates with the interior. of the cellar by an opening 5 made in the wall 4 of the housing 1 and with the outside by a tube 12 sealed in the wall 34 of the cellar. The housing 1 is mounted at the end 11 of the tube 12.

Description

Device for purifying the exchange gases between the interior of a cellar

  and the exterior The present invention relates to a device for purifying the gases exchanged between the interior of a vault and the exterior, comprising: a housing comprising a wall delimiting an internal cavity communicating with the interior of the vault by an opening formed in said wall and communicating with the outside of the cellar by a conduit disposed on the side opposite to said opening and passing through the wall of said cellar, and a layer of pulverulent filtering and adsorbent products confined inside said cavity between two grids

  arranged transversely between said opening and said conduit.

  Increasingly, the burial of bodies in the open ground is being replaced by temporary or permanent burials in airtight or buried vaults due to the nature of the grounds allocated to cemeteries or the saturation of cemeteries. The use of the vaults or the enfeus must allow a normal degradation of the bodies. This is why the regulations require that the interior of the cellar communicate with the exterior by means of a filter allowing the evacuation and purification of the gases resulting from the decomposition of bodies and the penetration of air. outside depending on the pressure differences between the inside of the cellar and the outside. In addition, the filter must be changed each time

burial.

  French patent 2,475,391 proposes a device for

  type mentioned intended to be associated with a metal coffin.

  This device placed inside the metal coffin

  lique is fixed-permanently on the wall of the metal coffin.

  It correctly fulfills its role of purifying the gases exchanged with the outside and maintains the pressure inside the coffin at a pressure very close to the external pressure to avoid an explosion or implosion of the metal coffin as a result

  pressure variations. This device cannot be used.

  as is to purify vaults or enfeus because the

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  shell containing the filtering material and the tube providing the communication conduit with the outside are made in one piece, which would require each new burial in the vault concerned to unseal the tube secured to the shell of the wall of the vault and to seal the tube of a new device

  of purification in the hole of the wall provided for this purpose.

  Unsealing the old tube inevitably causes-

  ment an enlargement of the initial hole and this work must be done with care to avoid cracks or chips in the wall of the vault, which results not only in a significant cost of labor and a risk of deterioration of the plates marble covering, but above all by sealing

  illusory of the sealing of the new tube in the wall of the vault.

  The purpose of the present invention is to provide a provision

  sitive for purifying the gases exchanged between the interior of a cellar and the outside which overcomes the drawbacks mentioned and which favors the entry of air, natural or forced, into the cellar and purifies the outgoing gases, while limiting gas only the possibility of

cross the device.

  The goal is achieved by the fact that the purifying device

  tion of the type mentioned further comprises a tube delimiting said conduit and intended to be sealed in a sealed manner in the wall of the vault and a connector carried by said casing and intended for

  receiving one end of said tube.

  Thanks to this design, the tube can be sealed in a sealed and definitive manner in the wall of the vault before the first burial and, with each new burial, it suffices to change the case containing a mass of pulverulent filtering products. The tube can advantageously be sealed in said

  wall during the construction of the vault or the fire.

  To avoid the introduction of insects inside the device, the end of the tube located outside the cellar is provided with an insect protection grid and is covered by a vent plug provided with orifices. . These are located from

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  preferably opposite the exterior wall of the vault. This vent plug arrangement prevents raindrops from entering the device and causing deterioration of the filter material, whether the tube is sealed in the vertical wall

  of the vault or in its horizontal upper wall.

  Preferably, the housing comprises a tank, the bottom of which is provided with said opening, and a cover fixed in a sealed manner to the upper opening of said tank, said

  cover being provided with said connector.

  One of the two grids is arranged near said opening.

  ture and the second grid is arranged transversely at a certain distance from said cover so as to provide between said grid and said cover a compartment communicating with

the exterior by said tube.

  The gas-air exchange between the interior of the cellar and the exterior

  this is done over the entire cross section of the layer of filter material and there is no chimney effect,

  nor an increase in the pressure drop.

  Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the reading of an embodiment made by way of example and with the aid of the appended drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic axial section of the device

  established in accordance with said invention.

  FIG. 2 is a section through a variant of the vent plug, and,

  Figure 3 is a perspective view of this vent plug.

  Reference 1 designates the main housing of the device

  sitive, constituted in the manner of a cylindrical container having a side wall 2 full. The housing 1 comprises a tank 3, the bottom 4 of which is provided with an opening 5. The upper opening 6 of the - tank 3 is sealed off by a cover 7 comprising

in its center a bore 8.

  In this bore 8 is crimped in a sealed manner a connecting piece 9 in the form of a sleeve, the internal bore 10 of which is threaded so that this bore 10 can accommodate

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  the lower end Il of a tube 12 provided with a thread

  outside corresponding to the threaded bore 10.

  The orifice 13 of the lower end of the connecting piece 9 located inside the tank 3 has a diameter less than the outside diameter of the tube 12 by means of a shoulder intended to limit the penetration of the tube 12 into the piece of connection 9 by screwing. A grid 14a surmounted by a rot-proof filter membrane made of paper or fabric 15a is placed in the tank 3 above the opening 5. A layer 16 of pulverulent filtering and adsorbent products 17, such as an activated carbon powder, is provided in the tank 3 above the membrane 15a. The layer 16 is surmounted by a second membrane 15b similar to the membrane 15a and by a second grid 14b also similar to the grid 14a. The filter membranes 15a and 15b are dimensioned so that the gases passing through the device pass

  necessarily through the pores of the membranes 15a and 15b.

  The grid 14b is arranged below the orifice 13 of

  the connecting piece 9. The grid 14b is fixed to the side wall.

  line 2 of box 1 by any appropriate means. Preferably

  tial, the wall 2 has a cylindrical lower portion 18 surrounding the layer 16 of filtering and adsorbent powder products 17, and a cylindrical upper portion 19 having a diameter larger than the diameter of the lower portion 18, the two cylindrical wall portions 18 and 19 being connected by a portion of wall 20 extending outward and substantially horizontal on which the edges are glued

  side of the membrane i5b and the grid 14b, in such a way.

  that, whatever the position of the housing 1, the grid 14b maintains the activated carbon powder in the compartment delimited laterally by the cylindrical lower portion 18. The grid 14b can be fixed by other known means such as by

screwing or crimping.

  - The upper part of the cylindrical upper portion 19 is also slightly flared and ends with a cylindrical end portion in which is crimped or screwed the

cover 7.

  At the upper end 21 of the tube 12 is provided a vent plug 22 provided with a snti-insect protection grid

23.

  The vent plug 22 has an external bell-shaped wall 24 connected by fins 25 to an inner sleeve 26 having a threaded bore so that it can be screwed onto a vent reduction 27 itself screwed to the upper end 21 of the tube 12. The sleeve 26 is provided internally on the side of the

  external wall 23 of a shoulder 28. The anti-protection grid

  insects 23 is interposed between the shoulder 28 and the upper end of the vent reduction, transversely above

the end 21 of the tube 12.

  The bell-shaped external wall 24 of the vent plug 22 surrounds the upper end of the sleeve 26 so as to provide a conduit 29 connecting the interior of the tube 12 and the exterior and opening outwardly through an annular orifice 30 formed between the upper end of the sleeve 26 and the lower edges

  of the outer wall 24 in the shape of a bell.

  Figures 2 and 3 show a variant of the vent plug 22. This plug 22 has an end wall 24a extended by a cylindrical skirt 26a surrounding the upper end 21 of the tube 12 and screwed onto it. Ports 30a intended to put the interior of the tube 12 in communication with

  the outside are formed radially in the skirt 26a.

  - The grid 14b divides the tank 3 into two compartments, a lower compartment 31 containing the layer 16 of activated carbon powder 17 and an upper compartment 32 communicating by

  the tube 12 and the conduit 29 with the exterior of the device.

  The tube 12 is of sufficient length so that it can be fixed in a sealed manner in a bore 33 passing through the wall 34 of a cell, not shown. The seal is obtained using a silicone seal and the tube 12 is held in place by washers 35 and nuts 36 adapted. Preferably, the

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  device is placed in an upper corner of the cellar either vertically or horizontally, the arrangement of the vent plug 22 preventing rainwater from entering through the tube 12 inside the cellar. In this position, the device does not interfere in any way with the placement of the beers and is not damaged.

by decomposition liquids.

  The tube 12, the vent plug 22 and the screws 35, 36 are made of a weather-resistant material, such as

brass.

  The entire housing 1, comprising the tank 3, the cover 7 and the grids 14a and 14b, is made of a material

  resistant and capable of being destroyed by incineration without emitting-

  acid or toxic gases, and preferably in a material

plastic such as ABS.

  The filtering and adsorbent material which is preferably activated carbon powder contains various other products, such as bactericides which make it possible to eliminate any olfactory discomfort and any bacterial risk. The same is true of the filter membranes 15a and 15b. Advantageously, catalysts can be added to the activated carbon which improve the performance of the activated carbon. The thickness of the layer 16 of activated carbon powder, between 6 and 10 cm, causes a low pressure drop, so that the gases pass through the device and not through the

possible porosity of the concrete.

  The operation of the device is easily understood. Following the variations in pressure between the interior of the cellar and the exterior due to decomposition gases, to variations in atmospheric pressure, or to thermal variations, the vitiated gases of the cellar pass through the opening 5 of the tank 3, cross

  layer 16 of filtering products, and escape purified outside

  laughing through hole 30 located opposite the outer wall of the

  cellar, in the event of overpressure inside the cellar.

  Conversely, in the case where the interior of the cellar is in.

  vacuum, the outside air passes through the device and enters the interior of the cellar. The use of the filtering device allows an acceleration of the combustion of the buried bodies, thanks to a gas exchange, realized by the variation of the atmospheric pressure

  pressure and pressure existing inside the cellar.

  The entry of air into the device can allow the maintenance of a bacteriological life in the activated carbon, thus ensuring its regeneration, in the case where neither the upper membrane 15b nor the

  activated charcoal is not impregnated with bactericides.

  The device can operate statically as a function of the pressure differences existing between the interior of the vault and the exterior, or in a forced manner thanks to the interposition of a ventilation propeller driven by a motor between the layer 16 of

  product and the duct communicating with the outside.

  The installation of the device is also simple.

  After having sealed the tube 12 in a suitable bore 33 of the wall 34 of the cellar, by gluing and screwing the nuts 36, the tube 12 having a correct length, the vent plug is screwed onto the end 2i of the tube 12 located outside the cellar and we

  screws the housing 2 to the end II of the tube 12 located inside

laughing of the vault.

  The filter must be changed with each new burial.

  On this occasion, the tube 12 and the vent plug 22 are not replaced. Only the old housing 2 is unscrewed and replaced by a new one.

  box 2. The old box 2 is then incinerated.

2,646,100

Claims (10)

  1. Device for purifying the gases exchanged between the interior of a vault and the exterior, comprising: a shoemaker (1) comprising a wall (2) delimiting an internal cavity communicating with the interior of the vault by an opening ( 5) formed in said wall (2) and communicating with the outside of the vault by a conduit disposed on the side opposite to said opening (5) and passing through the wall (34) of the vault, and a layer (16) of powdered products ( 17) filters and adsorbents confined inside said cavity between two grids (14a, 14b) arranged transversely between said opening (5) and said conduit, characterized in that it further comprises: a tube (12) delimiting said conduit and intended to be sealed in the wall (34) of the cellar, and a connector (9) carried by said housing (1) and intended to   receiving one of the ends (11) of said tube (12).   2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end (21) of the tube (12) located outside the vault is provided with an insect protection grid (23) and is   covered by a vent plug (22) provided with orifices (30,30a).   3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2,   characterized in that the housing (1) comprises a tank (3), the bottom (4) of which is provided with said opening (5), and a cover (7) fixed in a sealed manner to the upper opening (6) of said tank (3),   said cover (7) being provided with said connector (9).   4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that one of said grids (14a) is arranged near said opening (5) and in that the second grid (14b) is arranged transversely at a certain distance from said cover (7 ) so as to provide between said grid (14b) and said cover (7) a compartment (32) communicating with the outside by said tube (12). 26 46 10 0   5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized in that said shoemaker (1) is made in a rigid plastic material.   6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,   characterized in that the tube (12) is made of brass.   7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6,   characterized in that a rot-proof filter membrane (15b) is interposed between the layer of pulverulent products (17) and the second grid (14b).   8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that a second filter membrane (15a) is interposed between the   layer of powdery products (17) and the first grid (14a).   9. Device according to any one of claims i1   to 8, characterized in that the pulverulent products contain activated carbon and catalysts.   10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that   that the powdered products additionally contain bactericides.