FR2632811A1 - MACHINE FOR THE HARVESTING OF AGRICULTURAL OR SIMILAR PRODUCTS, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE HARVESTING OF STRAW - Google Patents

Abstract

Machine characterized in that the known transport means 21 are arranged in their order one after the other so that, directly after the receiving drum 22 is placed the cutting-transport group 28 and it is positioned so that it can perform a transport in line in the working direction A of the machine to the intermediate conveyor 42 located above and in front of its central axis 29 '. The invention relates to machines for harvesting agricultural products or the like, in particular for harvesting straw.

Description

"Machine for harvesting agricultural products or

  similar, especially for straw harvesting. "

  The invention relates to a machine for

  of agricultural products or the like, such as for example a straw product deposited in windrows,

  component of means of transport oriented perpendicular

  lair to the direction of work, connected by guide plates, namely a receiving drum, an intermediate conveyor rotating about a horizontal axis, a-group cutting-transport to reduce the product into pieces and a blowing conveyor for transporting the reduced product in a collecting tank, for example a vehicle of

transport. -

  A machine known for the harvest of

  agricultural products according to German Offenlegungsschrift No. 24 39 500 is coupled to the coupling frame of a tractor or hung. to it by means of a traction device. In the last embodiment, the machine is supported on the ground by carrying wheels. She has a receiver drum extending forward in the working direction

  and placed close to the ground to collect the

  duit and an intermediate conveyor placed next,

  rotating around a horizontal axis. Then, the

  china has an extractor drum for crushing or chopping the product, which is subsequently sent by a wind conveyor into the loading space of a transport vehicle. With this machine, the agricultural product can receive windrows in the receiving drum area, across the width of the drum.

  receiving drum work. Already above the drum

  receiver, the product not cut by the receiving drum even in connection with guide plates

  or by an additional intermediate conveyor, rotating

  tif, ordered, is compressed to about half of its original volume in the transport channel and finally is brought into the extractor drum and into the blades

  stationary acting with him for the cutting process.

  The extractor drum has a width of

  which corresponds to about half of the

  working width of the receiving drum. After the process

  the cut product is delivered

  by the cleats or teeth of the drum drive ex-

  tractor to the blower conveyor at the end of the machine. Machines in the foregoing type of embodiment have not been proven in practice. There is still the inconvenience

  large product swaths formed by one month

  in which the product is partly

  in braids, can not be compacted

  of the initial volume, by the receiving drum in connection with guide plates or with the aid of an intermediate conveyor of the screw conveyor type. This results in bottlenecks in the cutting channel which is reduced by half, leaving the

  working width of the receiving drum and cases

  teeth in the receiver drum.

  Another disadvantage is that,

  by setting up the extractor drum and the

263? 8 1 1

  voyeur by blowing very low towards the ground, the receiving drum was not to be predisposed below the

  drum extractor, but on the contrary, this one the

  This would cause an unfavorable flow of product to form and the teeth of the receiving drum would be in relatively long contact with the product and the release of the product would have to take place in a very small angular range. In addition, its length of construction lengthens for example for a towed machine, and the shoring load on the hitch of the towing vehicle is low because the center of gravity, because of the blowing conveyor placed behind with manifold and drain hose, is

placed far back.

  The object of the invention is to create

  a machine for collecting straw products de-

  laid in windrows, in good condition, by a

  compact truction, favorable in center of gravity and

  relatively simple, to collect the product on all

  the extent of its working width and the trans-

  wear short distance without trouble through a canal

  cutting and transporting to a wind conveyor.

  The invention is characterized in that the

  known means of transport are arranged in their

  to follow each other so that, directly

  after the receiving drum is placed on the

  cutting and transport group and is positioned to

  that it can carry out a transport in the line in the direction of work of the machine towards the intermediate conveyor located above and in front of its axis

  central, so that this intermediate carrier, -

  by its transfer movement in the direction of the

  advancing lateral limits of the machine towards the inside and the front, feeds

  produces the blower conveyor in front.

  Other benefits and improvements of the

  are characterized in that: The arrows of the direction of rotation of the cylinder

  receiver of the cutting-transport group and the trans-

  intermediary carrier and the coordination of

  guiding and scraping plates of the tran-

  are chosen in a way that takes place during the passage between the means of transport, a movement of

  transfer of the product executed in the tangential direction

the.

  The transport means in connection with the guiding and scraping plates form a transport channel which resembles in its shape a U lying vertically with respect to the direction of work.

  of the machine and open in the direction of work.

  The working width of the receiving drum

  of the transport cutting group and the

  intermediary is the same and a concentration of

  ducted for its passage in the blower conveyor first, after it has been cut, takes place towards the longitudinal central vertical plane of the machine, by the

  intermediate carrier, by means of its

licoidal or similar tools.

  The fan conveyor is placed

  above the spacer of the load-bearing frame of the machine and approximately in the center with the motor shaft pointing in the direction of work and with its feeding aperture showing towards the rear in the

  opposite direction to the direction of work.

  The control for the fan conveyor due to its orientation and position in or on the carrier frame takes place in direct contact with the

main transmission.

  The control takes place by belts or chains with pulleys or toothed wheels, so the pulley or a gear wheel is directly on the shaft

  - input of the main transmission.

  The supply opening from the conveyor to the blower is connected directly to the sheet casing fixed radially with respect to the rotor of the ventilator. - * The cutting-transport member is made in a manner known in itself with a drum

  carrier comprising tips or teeth. sail-

  lants and with a series of slides placed on a por-

  blades installed fully mobile by rotation; these blades are held under pressure in the working position cooperating with the transport drum r for this the blades are installed rigidly on the

  blade holder subjected, for its part, to a force of

  for the conservation of the working position of the blades and the tips or teeth are arranged on the transport drum offset relative to each other.

  to others, so that they come into contact with

  simultaneous effective cutting in a given order each time only with one or some of the blades and that the pressing force on the blade holder is simply adapted to the predetermined cutting force of one or some of the cutting contacts acting

each time simultaneously.

  The cutting-transport member has, in a manner known in itself, a cutting device, which comprises a large number of blades placed mobile in rotation on a line, which are maintained respectively by means of support devices in their working position in a transport channel and by means of a switching device may rotate together or in an optionally variable number in an extreme meshing position, in which the

  switching comprises a switching shaft develops

  loppant, compared to Work Direction A,

  the blades and parallel to their rotational axis.

  with switch rods; the connecting rods

  mutation of the switching shaft are realized

  as supporting pawns bringing directly and

  holding the blades in optionally varying numbers

in their working position.

  The support legs in their angular position

  respective section with the edges of the blades form a

  contact angle of less than 90 and the switching axis

  tion, while maintaining its total stopping position, can pivot instantaneously in opposition to the effect of an overload safety device, for example

  a spring, reducing and modifying the angle.

  The machine for harvesting agricultural products

  Embodiments according to the invention have, by the arrangement of its means of transport, a U-shaped cutting and conveying channel widening in its vertical longitudinal central cutting plane, in which the individual conveyors and above all coordinates in their series, adequately transport the product while maintaining a flow of

favorable transportation.

  Determinant for trouble-free transportation

  produced in the cutting channel - the transport of the ma-

  china is the working width of its group of cou-

  transport, which is the same as the width of

  the receiver drum placed before. The product

  It is thus possible for the cylinder to be guided through its entire working width to pass through the cutting and conveying channel without being diverted inwards by the sides of the machine and compressed before being cut. After the product has then been received by a transport and cutting group, it

  can be delivered without any trouble by an

  intermediate which can be for example a conveyor to.

  screw, inward and forward under weak compac-

  simultaneous stage, to a conveyor by blowing. Because of

  the sound of the weak path of the receiving drum and the abolition of compacting work with respect to

  produced, the teeth of the receiver drum are

  and, as a result, tooth breaks are evident.

  Tees. In the following, the invention is explained in detail, based on an exemplary embodiment.

shown in the drawings.

  The drawings show: - In Figure 1, a side view of a machine

  to harvest agricultural products as a machine

  morque, shown partially in section,

  - In Figure 2, an enlarged side view of

  machine according to Figure 1 in which in particular

  link the transport means are shown in longitudinal section, - In Figure 3, a view of the machine according to Figure 1 observed in the opposite direction of the direction

working.

  In the priority embodiment it is

  illustrated in the figures, of the machine i for harvesting agricultural products or the like, for example from

  products of straw 2, this towed machine is

  by means of a coupling eye 3 to a tractor

  represented, and served for-the movement by the

  forcibly of this one. The hitch eye 3 is

  on a drawbar 4 which is formed of two pla--

  5, 6 which widen by diverging

  then the hitch eye in the opposite direction in the sense of

  machine 1 and are united by their former

  free tremities to the true main beam of the

  machine 1 by means of a transverse spacer 7.

  The junction location on the transverse beam 7

  can be achieved so that, by means of

  Different gules of the support plates 5, 6 with the spacer 7, it may result in a height adjustment of the machine 1 on the tractor. The transverse spacer 7 is connected to the side walls 8, 9 to

  the front wall 10, to the rear wall II and to two

  very transverse spacers 12, 13 by welding or

similar means of connection.

  The side walls 8, 9 are additional

  reinforced by longitudinal members 14, 15 as

  bilisateurs. Drawbar 4, spacers 7, 12, 13, front wall and rear wall 10, 11 and the walls

  side members 8, 9 with the longitudinal members 14, 15 as a stabilizer

  Readers, together form a carrier frame 16 of the machine 1 which, in total by axle box supports 17, 18 and carrying wheels 19, 20 and the eye coupling 3 on a tractor, is based on the

  ground. The carrying frame 16 can also have no bar

  lage 4 and carrying wheels 18, 19 be hooked directly

  to the 3-point suspension of a tractor at

  by means of a traditional 3-point coupling device

  nel. The lower control connections would then be mounted in the rear zone of the longerons 14, 15 and the upper control on the rear transverse beam 13. The machine 1 can then, suspended on a tractor, be moved in the working direction, to

the front of the tractor.

  Starting from a working width B of the machine

  china 1, which corresponds approximately to the longest dimension of the spacer 7, are placed the own transport means 21 between or below the side walls 8, 9 in transverse arrangement with respect to the direction of work A. A this, the simple means of transport 21 have on the side of the shaft ends, by which they are movably fixed in plain bearings or roller bearings on or in the side walls, where it results that a few pieces of tree cross the side walls 8, 9 outward to install a drive for example a chain wheel or the like. The means of transport designated in total by 21 are in a determined succession behind and above each other. They consist of a receiver drum 22 with flexible teeth 23, which is fixed pivotally

  around a transverse tree 25 suspended by

  24 to the sidewalls 8, 9. Its adaptation by

  the ground is maintained above the wheels of

  26, 27. By a mechanical and / or hydraulic lifting device not shown here, the receiving drum can be raised to a position

transport.

  As a second means of transport 21 there is a cutting and transport group 28 located

  above the receiver drum 22 and placed a little

  stuck backwards in relation to the working direction A

  1. For example, the machine has a wheelchair

  the conveyed water 29 carried as a transport member with tips or teeth 30, which, in the form of stars in the vertical plane of the working direction, parallel to each other, spaced from each other and offset angularly over any the width

  150 cm of work B in the example of reali-

  sation, are fixed on the conveyor roller 29. The carrier roller 29, with its central axis 29 'acts

  by blades 31 placed in line one near the au--

  which, each time made in a vertical plane of the direction of work, are positioned between the points or teeth joined together in a transporting stars

  32. The number of transporting stars 32 and

  my 31 is chosen so that a cutting length of the

  product less than 3 cm can be obtained. The the-

  my 31 are on a pivot axis 33 and bear at the rear in opposition to the direction of

  A work on support legs 34 of an axis of com-

  Mande 36 mobile supported in bearings on the side walls 8, 9 and maintained in torque by an adjustable spring 35. Laterally, the blades 31 are held in slots 37 which are located

  in a guide plate 38 curved adapted to the enve-

  outer casing of the transport drum 29. The guide plate 38 is connected to the side walls 8, 9 and the

  rear transverse support 13 and forms the rear wall

of the transport channel 39.

  Above the blades 31 also exist,

  also aligned like the blades in vertical planes

  ticals in the working direction,

  The number of scraper plates 40 corresponds to the total number of free spaces between the conveying stars 32 of the conveying drum 29. The scraper plates 40 are formed and arranged in a row close to each other between the conveyor stars 32. are

  fixed on a common box beam 41 disposed

  be the side walls 8, 9 in which they

  are introduced and blocked individually and

  terchangeables in mounting slots. The scraping plates 40 form another delimitation of the transport channel. The transport cutter 28 can

  be achieved by moving away and / or by completing the

  previous layouts, as it is highlighted

in DE-Ps 29 27 334.

  The establishment, implementation and method of mounting the control pin 36, in connection with the blades 31, can be further carried out as it is

described in DE-PS 32 13 199.

  As the third means of transport 21, there is an intermediate conveyor 42 in the machine 1. This is added to the cutting-transport assembly 28 so that the cut product is brought from the cutting-transport assembly 28 into the a kind of transport in the line in the working direction A of the machine 1. The intermediate conveyor 42 is preferably made as a screw conveyor 43 and installed in its position, as it is located in the working direction of the machine 1 above and in front of the central axis 29 'of the cut-and-transport assembly 28

  or transport cylinder 29. The intermediate conveyor

  Diaire 42 can be fixedly suspended in its position, but also movable in height according to the embodiment. Each time outside the side walls 8, 9, there are bearing and pivoting arms 44, which are fixed on the side walls 8, 9 by

  their fixed ends in pivoting bushings-

  46 on a transverse tree and receive at their

  moving ends the screw conveyor 43 with its ex-

  Shaft 45 in the bearing points 48. With the bearing and pivoting arms 44, 45, the conveyor

  43 in opposition to its own weight or to a res-

  pulling spring 43 ', can rotate in the holes

  oblong 49 of the side walls 8, 9 by means of the neck

  pivoting sinet 46 in the direction of the arrow a. The screw conveyor 43 has two helical plates 50, 51 which are perpendicular to the direction of rotation.

  machine work 1 from the sides 8, '9 un-

  movement of the product cut in the direction of

  arrows u and v inwards. At the arrival

  in the center, the helical plates 50, 51 are converted

  in pallets 52, 53 for conveying the product in working direction A. The helical plates 50, 51 can be made on their outer edge

  with plastic slides, with-

  they rely on a lower trough 54, adapted to the diameter of the screw conveyor 43. There is also the possibility of arranging the screw conveyor 43

  hooked by stops 55, 56 to both side walls

  the 8, 9, on which support the arms and pivoting 44, 45, with a weak game with the trough

54.

  As the ultimate means of transport 21, at the

  Following the intermediary carrier 42, there is now

  57. This is,

  because of the transport effect of the international conveyor

  medial 42 inward and forward, aligned in its largest dimension parallel to the spacer

7 and saddled on it.

  The supply opening 58 of the conveyor by

  blowing 57 is contrary to the meaning of

  machine A 1, back and is connected

  directly to the basic trough 54 of the intermediate conveyor

  diary, so that from the pallets 52, 53 of the conveyor, the cut product arrives by a path

  very short in the blowing conveyor 57.

  In its basic construction, the blowing conveyor 57 is known. It consists of a box 59 with a sheet 60 envelope. The box 59 can, at the same time, constitute a part of the wall

  before. In box 59 is connected in setting up tan-

  and a drain pipe 61 directed upwardly with an angled section and a steerable adjustment flap (not shown). The drain hose 61

  is adjustable in a rotating flange 62, also

  in the direction of evacuation. In the housing 59 is a fan rotor 63 with sheet metal blades 64. Part of the rotor of the fan 63 a

  motor shaft 65, which exits the box 59 in the direction

  A. It is received in a fulcrum 66 on a trestle 67 and moved by a com ~ ande 68, consisting of a pulley 69, another pulley 72 placed directly on the shaft 70 and a main transmission 71 and 73 belts.

  belts 73 may additionally be half

  tensioned by a belt tensioner roller, no

represent.

  The position of the fan conveyor 57 on the carrier frame 16 of the machine 1 as previously described, provides a favorable position of the center of gravity of the machine 1 and in accordance with an optimal load of support on the tractor. Similarly, the result is a favorable command 68 as a cost, * poor in loss of power due to reception

  directly by the drive shaft 65 of the main transmission

Cipal 71.

  The fan conveyor 57, in part

  its feed opening 58 in the blower box 59 can be made as soon as it is connected directly to the sheet-metal casing 60.

  located radially at the rotor of the blower 57.

  The feed opening 58 is then located in

  under the bearing point 66 of the rotor of the fan 57, so that a second bearing point (not shown) for the rotor of the fan 57 in or on the front wall 10 or on the box of the fan 59 is

  possible (favorable placement in two places of the

* lers of the motor shaft 65).

  The movement of the machine 1 takes place with a

  tractor through a transmission shaft.

  sion (both unrepresented) acting on the trans-

  main mission 71 by a feed shaft 70 and two output shafts 74, 75 which each go outward through the side walls 8, 9 and supported by them. Through the input shaft 70 by means of the drive 68, the rotor of the fan is controlled directly in the direction of the arrow b. On the output shaft 75 at its end is a gear wheel 76, through which a drive chain 77 is transmitted a rotational torque to a double gear 78, which is movably attached to a transverse shaft 79 supported by the walls 8, 9. At the second end outside the wall 8 is

  installed, also, a toothed wheel 80 which can turn

  around the transverse shaft 79. A chain of

  81, which is indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2, is however not visible in the plane of section

  (as also other mechanisms described in the following

  te), transmits the driving force by a toothed wheel 82 to the intermediate conveyor 42. The latter moves in the direction of the arrow c. On the second ring gear of the double gear 78 is a further drive chain 83, which is connected with

  movement with a toothed wheel 84 located on an armature

  cross-section 25, for controlling the receiving drum

  22. This consists of a toothed wheel 85 on the second end of the transverse shaft 25, a drive chain 86 and a toothed wheel 87 on the trunnion 88 of the receiving drum 22. tips

  23 of the receiver drum 22 move in the direction

  the arrow d. The still missing movement for the cutting and transport group 28 is received directly

  of the second output shaft 74 of the transmission.

  71. The toothed wheel 89 attached to the output shaft 74 communicates the rotational torque by a drive chain 90 acting on a toothed wheel 91 fixed to the transport cylinder 29. The latter rotates 263281

in the direction of the arrow e.

  For harvesting the product or the like, such as a product of straw 2 laid in Andean, the machine 1 is hooked by means of a hitch eye to the traction coupling of a tractor or attached to the bar of hitch of the same. The control link with the main transmission 71 takes place by an articulated transmission shaft. With the tractor running in the working direction A and the rotation of the PTO shaft, the product 2 is picked up on the ground by the receiving drum 22 in the direction of the arrow

  d across its entire width and sent on a short

  The latter is, by simultaneous transport action in the direction of the arrow e, cut and yielded on the scraper plate 40 to the intermediate conveyor 42. This feeds the fan conveyor. 57, from which it is sent through the discharge pipe 61 into a collecting tank, for example a transport vehicle. An extension

  indicated by lines in dashes and dots, arrows

  d, e, c, indicating the direction of rotation of the transport means 21, shows the targeted flow of the straw-2 product in the transport channel 39. The product of

  straw 2 is at each step received in a tangential direction

  by the singular means of transport and again yielded. As particularly understandable in Figure 2, the transport channel is in the form of a coated U, which is open in the working direction A

  of the machine 1. By this construction and

  transport means 39, the means of transport can be placed in a very compact manner between them, so that the path to be covered by the product of

  straw is short and results in a machine 1 of

  tite size. Through a hood 92 made as a hatch, by the lateral walls 8, 9, the front wall 10 and the rear wall 11, the machine 1 is closed all around, so that product losses and swirls

  dust to the outside do not occur.

  In the context of the invention, the carrier

  blower 57 can also be moved

  relative to the central and vertical longitudinal plane.

  Determinant is then the position of the opening of a-

  feed 58 into the blower box, then

  that it must be adapted to the base trough 54 of the intermediate conveyor 42. In addition, the machine 1 can be operated by a service person from the tractor using adjusting means

  mechanical, hydraulic or electric.

Claims (11)

  1.- Machine for harvesting agricultural products or the like, such as for example a straw product (2) deposited in windrows, consisting of transport means (21) oriented perpendicularly to the direction of work, connected by t8les of guiding, namely a receiving drum (22), an intermediate conveyor (42) rotating about a horizontal axis, a cutting-transport group (28 ') for reducing the product into pieces and a blowing conveyor (57) for transporting the reduced product in a collecting tank, for example a transport vehicle, characterized in that the known transport means (21) are arranged in their order one after the other others so that directly after the receiving drum (22) is   placed the transport-cutting group (28) and is posi-   it is able to carry out a transport in line in the working direction A of the machine to the intermediate conveyor (42) above and in front of its central axis (29 '), so that this conveyor intermediate, by its movement of   transfer in the direction of the arrows (u and v) in advance   setting lateral limits of the machine (1) towards the inside and the front, feeds product again   the blower conveyor in front.   2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized   in that the arrows of the direction of rotation (d,   e, c) of the receiving cylinder (22) of the cutting group   transport (28) and the intermediate conveyor (42) as well as the coordination of the guide plates and   scraping (38, 40) of the transport channel (39) are selected   so that, during the passage between the means of transport (21), a transfer movement of the   product executed in tangential direction.   3.- Machine according to any one of the   Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the transport means in connection with the guiding and scraping plates (38, 40) form a transport channel (39) which resembles by its shape a vertically recumbent U   relative to the working direction (A) of the machine   do not and open in the direction of work.   4.- Machine according to any one of the   1 to 3, characterized in that the working width (B) of the receiving drum (22) of the group of   cutting-transport (28) and the intermediate conveyor   re (42) is the same and a concentration of the product for its passage in the fan conveyor (57) first, after it has been cut, takes place towards the vertical longitudinal central plane of the machine (1), by the intermediate carrier (42), by means of its   helical plates (50, 51) or similar tools.   5.- Machine according to any one of the   Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that   ventilator (57) is placed above the   trestle (7) of the carrier frame (16) of the machine (1) and approximately in the center with the drive shaft (65) oriented in the working direction (A) and with its   supply opening (58) facing the armature   in the opposite direction to the direction of work (A).   6.- Machine according to any one of the   Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control (68) for the fan conveyor (57) due to its orientation and position in or on the frame   carrier (16) takes place in direct contact with the transmission. (71).   7. Machine according to claim 6, characterized   in that the order (68) takes place by cour-   ries or chains with pulleys (69, 72) or toothed wheels, whose pulley (72) or a gear wheel is directly on the input shaft (70) of the main transmission (71).   8.- Machine according to any one of the   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the supply opening (58) of the blower conveyor (57) is directly connected to the radially fixed casing (60) relative to the blower rotor (63). -   9.- Machine according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the organ   transport cutter (28) is produced in a manner   naked in itself with a conveying drum (29) comprising protruding tips or teeth (30) and   with a series of blades (31) placed on a door la-   my installed fully mobile by rotation; these la-   are kept under pressure in the working position   vail cooperating with the transport drum, for this the blades (31) are installed-rigidly on the   blade holder subjected, for its part, to a force of   for storing the working position of the blades and the tips or teeth (30) are arranged on the transport drum (29) staggered by   to others, so that they arrive in   simultaneous efficient cutting tact in a given order each time only with one or some of the blades (31) and that the pressing force on the blade holder is simply adapted to the preset cutting force of one or a few some of the contacts   cutting acting each time simultaneously.   10.- Machine according to any one of the   1 to 8, characterized in that the cutting-transport member (28) has, in a manner known in itself, a cutting device, which comprises a large number of blades (31) placed movable in rotation   on a line, which are maintained respectively   by means of support devices in their   of work in a transit channel   (39) and by means of a switching device may rotate together or in   variable in an ex-   in which the switching device com-   takes a switching shaft (36) developing, by   report to Working Direction A, behind the   mes (31) and parallel to their axis of rotation with switching rods; the switching rods of the switching shaft (36) are formed as support lugs (34) directly and now supplying the blades (31) in an optionally variable number in their working position.   11. Machine according to claim 10,   characterized in that the support legs (34) in their   respective angular position with the edges of the   mes (31) forms a contact angle (a) of less than 90 and the switching axis (36) while retaining   in total its stopping position, can instantaneously rotate   opposition to the effect of a security device.   overload, for example a spring (35), in   reducing and modifying the angle (a).