FR2585198A3 - BRUSH HOLDER FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT HAVING MANIFOLDS, PARTICULARLY FOR STARTERS, AND APPLICATION - Google Patents

Abstract

THIS BRUSH HOLDER HAS A BODY 1, CONSTITUTED BY A PLASTIC MOLDED PART, IN WHICH A BRUSH 2 SLIDES THAT A SPRING 8 PUSHES TOWARDS A COLLECTOR THROUGH A FRONTAL OPENING 1A OF THE BODY. THE REAR PART OF THE BODY 1 DEFINES ANOTHER OPENING 1B, COMBINED WITH A REMOVABLE CLOSING AND STOPPING ELEMENT 5. THE SPRING ACTING ON THE BROOM 2 IS A HELICOIDAL SPRING 8 WHICH IS MOUNTED IN THE BODY 1 THROUGH THE REAR OPENING 1B AND WHICH, IN OPERATION, LIES ON ONE END ON BROOM 2 AND THE OTHER END ON THE CLOSING ELEMENT IN THE FORM OF A PLUG 5.

Description

The present invention relates to brush holders for electrical appliances

  having collectors and in particular

  for some. motor vehicle starters.

  The starter brushes have hitherto been mounted mobile in individual metal brush holders which are made of cut and folded sheet metal and which are then fixed, for example by a rivet, to a support ring or disc called a holder window. broom. The metal brush holders for positive brushes must be electrically insulated from the telescope by interposing a sheet of insulating material, for example "Bakelite". Each brush is pushed radially towards the collector by a spring supported by the telescope, generally by a flat compressible spiral spring, one end of which is supported on the rear face of the brush, through the brush holder. The tension of these springs is normally very high. The mounting of these brush holder devices on the armature is therefore relatively difficult. It is necessary to keep the brushes open, that is to say in a radially spaced position,

  against the action of the respective springs.

  The object of the invention is to provide a brush holder which allows easier mounting of the brush holder scope on the armature and which radically simplifies the structure and assembly.

  of the brush holder device as a whole.

  To this end, according to the invention, a brush holder as indicated at the beginning, comprising a holding and guiding piece of adequate shape to receive a movable brush, which must be pushed by a spring towards the collector through a passage or front opening defined by the part, is characterized in that the rear of the part defines another opening, containing a removable closing element, the spring pushing the brush being a helical spring mounted in the part through its rear opening and which , in service, is supported by one end on the brush

  and by the other end on the closure element.

  According to another characteristic, the closing element comprises a quick-coupling device, of the bayonet type, for its fixing in the rear opening of the holding piece and of

  guide, forming the body of the brush holder.

  According to an advantageous embodiment, the body of the brush holder has retention and guide surfaces of suitable shape for the removable fixing of the brush holder on corresponding elements of a brush holder scope. To this end, according to another characteristic of the invention, the body of the brush holder is provided with a dovetail heel which is intended to cooperate with

  a complementary retaining device for a door window

  broom. It is advantageous that the part forming the body of the holder

  broom is a plastic molded part, which is therefore electro

  triply insulating, so that it provides the necessary insulation

  positive brushes compared to the metal bezel.

  Other characteristics and advantages of the invention

  will emerge more clearly from the description which follows

  non-limiting exemplary embodiments, as well as annexed drawings, in which: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a brush holder according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a side view partially in section along the line II-II of Figure 1; - Figure 3 is a rear view of the brush holder according to the invention; - Figure 4 is a perspective view of a brush holder scope with brush holders according to the invention;

  - Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the dis-

  positive of Figure 4 in a position allowing its easy mounting on the armature of a motor; - Figure 6 is a partial axial section similar to Figure 2 but showing an alternative embodiment; and - Figure 7 is a perspective view of a starter

  electric motor vehicle fitted with a device

brushes according to the invention.

  In the drawings, it can be seen that a brush holder according to the invention comprises a hollow body 1, constituted by a molded plastic part, in which a brush 2 is mounted movable in translation. As shown in particular in FIG. 2, the part 1 has a front opening 1a, through which the brush extends, and a rear opening 1b of smaller dimensions. Parallel cutouts 3 are formed in the side walls of the part 1, from the long sides of the opening la, which allow the passage and movement of the brush 2 together with the copper braid 4 which is attached to it

(Figures 4 and 5).

  A closure and stop element in the form of a plug, preferably made of a plastic material such as polyamide, is coordinated with the rear opening 1b of the part 1. This plug, as shown in the drawings, is essentially circular and carries retaining teeth 6 and abutment teeth 7 adjacent on opposite sides. The retaining teeth 6 are formed next to the face of the stopper which will be directed towards the brush 2, while the stop teeth 7, which are angularly offset with respect to the teeth 6, are formed next to the face of the stopper

  which will be directed outwards.

  The plug 5 can be inserted into the rear opening 1b of the brush holder, with engagement of the teeth 6, 7 in the notches lc and so that the retaining teeth 6 lie beyond the thickness of the rear wall. of the body 1. The plug 5 can then be rotated, so that the retaining teeth 6 come to bear on the internal face of the rear wall of the brush holder; the teeth

  abutment 7, coming to bear against corresponding lateral edges

  dants of the notches lc, limit the angle of rotation of the plug 5

relative to the brush holder.

  The rear opening 1b is large enough to allow the introduction into the part 1 of a hetoidal spring 8

to serve as a brush spring.

  FIG. 6 shows that the plug 5 could also include, in place of the retaining teeth 6, elastic arms 11 which are integral with the plug and whose ends constitute small teeth 12 in the form of hooks for the installation with snap-in and hooking behind shoulders

the inside of room 1.

  As thisThe spring in particular of FIGS. 1 and 3, the body 1 of the brush holder comprises, at the bottom, a heel 9 which is integral with it and has an essentially tail shape

  dovetail, with inclined side faces parallel to the direction

  broom movement. Body 1 has projections 11 close

  upper edges of these inclined faces.

  The heel 9 facilitates the mounting of the brush holder on a brush holder scope, as can be seen in particular in Figure 4. This shows a metal scope 13, produced by cutting a piece of sheet metal, stamping and folding , which has a peripheral notch 14 for each brush holder with, on the lateral edges of each radial notch, curved tabs 15 which face each other. These tabs are arranged to guide and retain the heel 9 of the brush holder by cooperating with the inclined lateral faces of this heel and with the

  projections 10, as shown in particular in FIG. 3.

  Those skilled in the art will understand that the anchoring of each holder

  broom on bezel 13 is extremely simple and rapid and does not require the use of rivets or the like. In addition, since the body 1 of the brush holder is made of electrically insulating material, it is not necessary to interpose an insulating sheet between the lens 13 and the brush holders for the

positive brushes.

  FIG. 5 gives an idea of the ease with which the telescope 13 can be mounted on the shaft A of the armature I of a motor. The brush holders 1 are inserted in the seat 13 without the plugs 5 and without the springs 8. only the brushes 2 are inserted in the parts 1, so as to practically disappear therein, so that the seat 13 can be arranged around

  shaft A without the brushes coming into contact with the collector

  tor C. Once the telescope 13 has been placed around

  the shaft A, the spring 8 can be introduced into each holder

  broom, through its rear opening; which can then be

  closed by the cap 5. The face directed towards the outside of the cap

  chon has a hollow, cruciform in the drawings, into which can be inserted the tip of a screwdriver or other tool for

  fixing and detaching the plug 5 by rotation.

  The mounting of the brush holder 13 on the armature is

so extremely simple.

  FIG. 7 represents a starter M equipped with a brush holder device according to the invention. As can be seen in this figure, the end cover 50 of the starter is placed over the bezel 13, so that the inner wall of the cover comes to bear on the heels 9 of the brush holders 1, thus contributing that the brush holders

  are firmly held in the working position.

  Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and those skilled in the art can make various

  modifications, without going beyond its framework.

Claims (10)

  1. Brush holder for electrical appliances having   collectors, in particular for CM starters) of motor vehicles   mobile, comprising a body constituted by a holding and guiding piece (1) of suitable shape to receive a mobile brush (2), which must be pushed by a spring (8) towards the collector CC) through a passage or opening front (la) defined by the part, characterized in that the rear of the part (1) defines another opening (lb), containing a removable closing element (5), the spring pushing the brush being a helical spring ( 8) mounted in the part (1) through its rear opening (lb) and which, in service, is supported by one end on the brush (2) and by the other   end on the closure element (5).   2. Brush holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing element (5) has a bayonet-type fastening device (6) for fixing it in the rear opening (lb). 3. Brush holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing element (5) has hooked teeth (12) for fitting with snap-fastening in housings or behind corresponding retaining shoulders (the) provided in the room   (1) near the rear opening (lb).   4. Brush holder according to any one of claims   above, characterized in that the part (1) has holding and guiding surfaces (9) of suitable shape for the   removable fixing on corresponding elements (15) of a spectacle   brush holder (13) in the form of a ring or disc.   5. Brush holder according to claim 4, characterized in that the part (1) has a heel (9) in dovetail which is intended to cooperate with a complementary retaining device   (15) of a brush holder scope (13).   6. Brush holder according to any one of claims   previous, characterized in that the part (1) is a part molded in plastic.   7. Brush holder according to any one of claims   previous, characterized in that the closing element (5) is   molded from plastic, preferably polyamide.   8. Brush holder according to any one of claims   above, characterized in that the closing element (5) has, in its face facing outwards, a hollow into which the end of a screwdriver or a tool can be inserted   similar for fixing and removing the closing element ture (5).   9. Application of a brush holder according to any one of   previous claims to a brush holder scope (13) provided with   several brush holders (1), in particular for vehicle starters   cars, or individually to such an electric device   stick. 10. Application according to claim 9, wherein the brush holder scope (13) is made of metal and the brush holders (1) are produced according to claim 4 or 5, the scope (13) having, for each brush holder (1), a radial notch (14), the opposite edges of which bear curved tabs (15) which face each other and serve to guide and maintain the dovetail heel (9) of a brush holder.