FR2567445A1 - Mould for manufacturing concrete beams, comprising a plurality of casting cavities of adjustable capacity - Google Patents

Abstract

This mould is of the type having a plurality of casting cavities, each of which is delimited by a bottom and by two longitudinal and vertical flanges. According to the invention, it comprises a frame 2, near the two ends of which two horizontal rails 3 are installed at the upper part, parallel to each other and oriented transversely to the frame, on which rails carriages 4 carrying the ends of sections 5 installed at the upper part of the flanges 6 are mounted, and a certain number of horizontal rails 12, parallel to one another and oriented transversely to the frame, are mounted at the lower part of this frame, on which horizontal rails are mounted carriages 15, equipped with height-adjustable supports, carrying the bottoms of the moulds, means being provided for locking the flanges in the desired position.

Description

 The present invention relates to a mold for the manufacture of concrete beams.

 Generally, concrete beams, whether they are reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete beams, are manufactured in the factory, before being brought to their place of use.

 This results in significant and costly manipulations.

 In addition, the molds do not include means for adjusting in three dimensions the size of the pockets in which the concrete is poured.

 The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by providing a mold with several ladles, which includes means for adjusting the ladders in three dimensions, which is particularly advantageous if the mold is used on a site, since it makes it possible to produce the different types of beams needed to make it.

 To this end, the mold which it relates to, of the type having several ladles each of which is delimited by a bottom and by two longitudinal and vertical cheeks, comprises a frame near the two ends of which two rails are arranged, in the upper part. horizontal, parallel to each other, and of transverse orientation to the chassis, on which are mounted carriages carrying the ends of profiles arranged at the upper part of the cheeks, and in the lower part thereof, a number of horizontal rails, parallel between them and of transverse orientation to the chassis, on which are mounted carriages equipped with height-adjustable supports, carrying the bottoms of the molds, means being provided ensuring the locking of the cheeks in the desired position.

 Depending on the width of the beams to be produced, the carriages on which the cheeks are suspended are positioned on the two upper rails. The supports of the bottoms of the pockets are adjusted as a function of the height of the beams to be obtained, it being specified that the bottom of each pocket is of width equal to the width of the beam to be obtained, in order to be able to be engaged between the two cheeks of the pocket considered, which makes it possible to adjust its vertical position as a function of the thickness of the beam to be manufactured.

 According to one embodiment of this mold, one of the cheeks situated at the edge of the mold is fixed, all the other cheeks being movable, the intermediate cheeks serving as side walls for two adjacent pockets and the cheek situated on the side of the border. opposite of the mold, being associated with adjustable means capable of exerting pressure in the direction of the first cheek.

 After positioning the movable cheeks, and adjusting the height of the pocket bottoms, a transverse pressure is transmitted from the mobile cheek to the fixed cheek via the rigid bottoms.

 The means exerting pressure on the movable side cheek are constituted by supports, each of which is mounted in an adjustable manner with locking in the desired position on a rail used for guiding the trolleys supporting the pocket bottoms, each support being equipped with a screw jack, vertically adjustable position and arranged to exert pressure on the movable cheek in the direction of the fixed cheek.

 The vertical position of each screw jack on its support is adjusted so that the pressure is exerted substantially at the bottom of the pockets of the molds.

 According to another characteristic of the invention, this mold comprises adjustable spacers fixed on the upper edge of the cheeks delimiting the various pockets.

 According to one possibility, each spacer is constituted by a threaded rod of length substantially equal to the width of the mold, on which nuts are mounted, this rod being intended to be engaged in parts in the form of a yoke open upwards, integral upper edges of the cheeks, with the support of two nuts on either side of each yoke. This avoids, during the pouring of the concrete, the accidental displacement of the carriages to which the cheeks are suspended, which ensures the maintenance of good parallelism thereof.

 Each rail used to guide a carriage carrying a mold base support, is constituted by two parallel sections between which a vertical space is formed, each carriage carrying a tubular element projecting vertically from one side thereof, in which is engaged another tubular element, lockable relative to the first in the desired position, and the free end of which serves to support a longitudinal section carrying the bottom of a pocket.

 The height adjustment latitude of the pocket bottom support is important, since it results not only from the relative axial position of the two tubes, but also from the possibility of the carriage turning over, the tubular elements being able to be oriented as well towards up and down, position in which they are engaged in the space provided between the two profiles of the rail.

 The length of the beam to be obtained is adjusted in a simple and traditional way by fixing, inside each pocket, an end panel of section corresponding to that of the beam to be obtained.

In any case, the invention will be clearly understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing representing, by way of nonlimiting example, an embodiment of this mold:
Figure l is a perspective view
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale at the end of concrete pouring, along line 2-2 of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of one end along line 3-3 of Figure 2
The mold shown in the drawing comprises a chassis (2) whose dimensions satisfy the road gauge, that is to say that it has a length of the order of 13 m and a width slightly less than 2.50 m.

 Near its two ends7 the chassis (2) is equipped with two profiles (3) parallel to each other, horizontal and oriented transversely to the chassis. These rails (3) are used to guide carts (4) on which are fixed the ends of profiles (5) arranged at the upper part of the cheeks (6) delimiting the lateral faces of the pockets. Each carriage (4) has two rollers (7) bearing on the rail (3), the lateral guidance thereon being provided by flanges (8).

 In the embodiment shown in the drawing, four pockets are provided, delimited by two end cheeks, namely a fixed cheek (S) and a transversely movable cheek (10), and by three intermediate cheeks (6), each intermediate cheek defining the wall of two neighboring pockets.

 This chassis is also equipped, in the lower part, with a number of rails (12) (8 in number in the embodiment shown), these rails being parallel to each other and oriented transversely to the mold. .

 Each rail is formed by two U-shaped profiles (13) between which a space (14) is provided. The rails (12) are used for moving chariots (15) each of which carries a support element for a longitudinal profile (16) on which the plate (17) serving as the bottom of each pocket is placed.

 Each carriage comprises two pairs of rollers (18) located on either side of a plate (19), so that it can be used in one direction or the other. Each carriage carries a first tubular element (20), in which is engaged a second tubular element (23) having holes (24).

 The inner tubular element (23) is used to support the longitudinal profile (16) on which the bottom plate rests. Depending on the relative position of the tubular elements (20) and (23), it is possible to adjust the position of the bottom (17) of the corresponding pocket. Thus, as shown in the right part of Figure 2, when the carriage is in a position such that the outer tube (20) is turned downward, and engaged between the two profiles (13), and that the tubular element (23) is engaged in the tubular element (20) it is possible to obtain a beam (25) of maximum height. A relative displacement of the tubular element (23) in the tubular element (20 ) can reduce the height of the beam, the two elements being locked in the desired position by engagement of a pin in the hole (24), this pin resting on the upper edge of the tubular element (20).

 For the production of much lower height beams, as shown on the left side of FIG. 2, the carriage is turned over so that the tubular element (20) projects upwards.

 As shown in FIG. 3, the lateral guidance of the carriages (15) is carried out by means of lateral flanges (26).

 As shown in the drawing, each cheek (6, 9, 10) is equipped, on its upper edge and at the level of each rail (12), with a yoke (27) open upwards, and of transverse orientation at mold.

 The different yokes (27) of the same series serve to house a threaded rod (28), with the support of two nuts (29) engaged on this threaded rod on either side of each yoke (27).

 On the side of the movable cheek (10), there is provided on each rail (12) a support (30) movable along the rail considered and lockable thereon using a bolt (32). The support (30) has a number of transverse holes ~ 33 (vertically offset), allowing the mounting of a screw jack (34) at the desired height.

 Finally, and as shown in particular in FIG. 3, each section (5) carrying a movable cheek (6, 10) is equipped at its ends with operating handles (35), a cover (36) covering the carriages (4), to avoid the risk of accidents for operators, as well as the deposit of concrete at this level when pouring concrete into the pockets.

 From a practical point of view, depending on the width of the pockets to be produced, the plywood panels are cut, each of which has a width corresponding to the width of the beams to be obtained.

 I1 is adjusted to the height of the supports of the bottoms (17) of the pockets. The bottoms (17) are then placed on their support, the position of which has been adjusted on the rails (12), after positioning the cheeks (6, 10) by moving the carriages (4) on the rails (3). Once the bottoms (17) are in place, a lateral positioning of the supports (30) is carried out, vertical positioning of the screw jacks (34) associated with said supports so that these are located substantially at the bottoms ( 17), then when tightening the screw jacks, the pressure exerted by the jacks (34) being transmitted to the fixed cheek (9) by means of the bottoms (17) which are rigid.

 Depending on the length of the beams to be obtained, the transverse end panels of section corresponding to the section of the beam to be produced are mounted.

 After checking the accuracy of the spacing of the cheeks at the top of these, it is proceeded to their blocking by means of the threaded rod (28) and nuts (29), which bear against the yokes (27).

 The concrete can then be poured into the pockets. To carry out the release, simply remove the rods (28), = remove the movable cheek (10) and lift, using a crane, the beam delimited by the cheek (10) by exerting a vertical and very slightly lateral traction on this beam.

 As is apparent from the above, the invention brings a great improvement to the existing technique by providing a mold for the production of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete beams of simple design, which can be manufactured on the site where the beams are used and which is very practical in terms of its implementation and economically since, taking into account the latitude for adjusting the pockets in the three dimensions, it allows beams of different sizes to be produced.

 Thus in the case of the apparatus shown in the drawing, it is possible to produce beams whose section varies from 200 x 150 mm to 975 x 320 mm, with simultaneous production of four beams. If the mold is only used with one or two pockets, it is possible to obtain beams of larger section.

 It goes without saying that the invention is not limited. the sole embodiment of this mold, described above by way of example; on the contrary, it embraces all of its variant embodiments.

 Thus in particular that the height adjustment means of the bottom of the pockets or that the structure of the rails and the supports could be different, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

- CLAIMS  1- Mold for the manufacture of concrete beams, of the type having several ladles each of which is delimited by a bottom and by two longitudinal and vertical cheeks, characterized in that it comprises a frame (2) near the two ends of which are arranged, in the upper part two horizontal rails (3), parallel to each other, - and of transverse orientation to the chassis, on which are mounted carriages (4) carrying the ends of profiles (5) arranged at the top cheeks (6), and in the lower part thereof, a certain number of horizontal rails (12), mutually parallel and of transverse orientation to the chassis, on which are carriages (15) fitted with adjustable supports in height, carrying the bottom of the molds, means being provided ensuring the locking of the cheeks in the desired position  2- mold according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the cheeks (9) situated at the edge of the mold is fixed, all the other cheeks being mobile, the intermediate cheeks (6) serving as side walls with two adjacent pockets, and the cheek (fi), located on the side of the opposite edge of the mold, being associated with adjustable means capable of exerting pressure in the direction of the first cheek.  3- mold according to claim 2, characterized in that the means exerting pressure on the movable side cheek (10), are constituted by supports (30) each of which is mounted in an adjustable manner with locking in the desired position on a rail (12) for guiding the carriages (15) supports of the pocket bottoms, each support being equipped with a screw jack (34), of vertically adjustable position and arranged so as to exert pressure on the movable cheek (10) towards the fixed cheek (9).  4- A mold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises adjustable spacers fixed on the upper edge of the cheeks defining the various pockets.  5- mold according to claim 4, characterized in that each spacer is constituted by a threaded rod (28) of length substantially equal to the width of the mold, on which are mounted nuts (29), this rod being intended to be engaged in parts (27) in the form of yokes open upwards, integral with the upper edges of the cheeks (6, 9, 10), with the support of two nuts (29) on either side of each yoke (27)  6- mold according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each rail (12) for guiding a carriage (15) carrying a mold base support, is constituted by two parallel sections (13) between which is one. vertical space (14), each carriage (15) carrying a tubular element (20) projecting vertically from one side thereof, in which is engaged another tubular element (23), lockable relative to the first in the position desired, and the free end of which serves to support a longitudinal profile (16) carrying the bottom of a pocket.