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FR2566272A1 - Improved surgical implants comprising a coating, especially of titanium nitride - Google Patents

Improved surgical implants comprising a coating, especially of titanium nitride Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2566272A1
FR2566272A1 FR8409657A FR8409657A FR2566272A1 FR 2566272 A1 FR2566272 A1 FR 2566272A1 FR 8409657 A FR8409657 A FR 8409657A FR 8409657 A FR8409657 A FR 8409657A FR 2566272 A1 FR2566272 A1 FR 2566272A1
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Prior art keywords
implant according
carbon
coating
titanium nitride
carbon block
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Granted
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FR8409657A
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FR2566272B1 (en
Inventor
Rene Suire
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FRANCE IMPLANT EST
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FRANCE IMPLANT EST
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/28—Materials for coating prostheses
    • A61L27/30—Inorganic materials
    • A61L27/306—Other specific inorganic materials not covered by A61L27/303 - A61L27/32
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/10—Metal compounds
    • C08K3/14—Carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/28—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2/30965—Reinforcing the prosthesis by embedding particles or fibres during moulding or dipping
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2002/30934—Special articulating surfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3611—Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00161—Carbon; Graphite
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/00598—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of compounds based on metal oxides or hydroxides
    • A61F2310/00604—Coating made of aluminium oxide or hydroxides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/0073—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of compounds based on metal carbides
    • A61F2310/00742—Coating made of silicon carbide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/0073—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of compounds based on metal carbides
    • A61F2310/00748—Coating made of titanium carbide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/00856—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of compounds based on metal nitrides
    • A61F2310/0088—Coating made of titanium nitride

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

Improved surgical implants comprising at least one part rubbing on a hard body, characterised in that the said rubbing part is coated with a compound chosen from: titanium nitride, titanium carbide, silicon carbide, aluminium oxide and molybdenum disulphide.

Description

La présente invention concerne de nouveaux implants chirurgicaux perfectionnés. The present invention relates to new and improved surgical implants.

Les implants réalisés jusqu'à présent étaient essentiellement métalliques, notamment en inox ou en titane. Pour des raisons liées en particulier a leur façonnage, il était intéressant de pouvoir utiliser d'autres types de matériaux afin de pouvoir préparer ces implants par usinage et non par moulage. The implants produced so far have been essentially metallic, in particular stainless steel or titanium. For reasons related in particular to their shaping, it was advantageous to be able to use other types of material in order to be able to prepare these implants by machining and not by molding.

Ces nouveaux matériaux sont essentiellement constitués par des composites carbone/résine. These new materials are essentially made up of carbon / resin composites.

La seule résine ayant été mise en oeuvre industriellement dans ce type de matériau est un produit dénommé EPOXX, c'est-à-dire une résine de type époxy, qui présente un inconvénient majeur, elle possède une toxicité non négligeable, ce qui rend son application délicate dans les produits orthopédiques. The only resin that has been used industrially in this type of material is a product called EPOXX, that is to say an epoxy type resin, which has a major drawback, it has a non-negligible toxicity, which makes it delicate application in orthopedic products.

Comme cela est décrit dans la demande de brevet français nO 83 19332, la Demanderesse a mis en évidence le fait que l'on pouvait utiliser pour la réalisation d'implants orthopédiques un nouveau type de matériau qui sera appelé ci-après "composite carbone/carbone" et qui peut etre préparé par une technologie qui sera rappelée brièvement ci-aprês.  As described in French patent application no. 83 19332, the Applicant has highlighted the fact that a new type of material could be used for the production of orthopedic implants which will be referred to hereinafter as "carbon composite / carbon "and which can be prepared by a technology which will be briefly recalled below.

Ce composite carbone/carbone présente de nombreux avantages - il est parfaitement biocompatible puisqu'il ne comporte
aucun autre élément que le carbone - il présente une densité très proche de la densité
osseuse, ce qui permet d'éviter les effets inertiels
provoqués par l'implant lorsque celui-ci est en un
matériau très dense comme l'inox - enfin, son élasticité est très proche de l'élasticité
de la substance corticale osseuse.This carbon / carbon composite has many advantages - it is perfectly biocompatible since it does not contain
no other element than carbon - it has a density very close to the density
bone, which avoids inertial effects
caused by the implant when it is in one
very dense material like stainless steel - finally, its elasticity is very close to elasticity
of cortical bone substance.

On a pu ainsi obtenir une matière d'implants dont les propriétés mécaniques, chimiques et biochimiques se trouvent quasiment identiques à celles de l'os. We were thus able to obtain an implant material whose mechanical, chemical and biochemical properties are almost identical to those of bone.

Les premiers résultats observés avec les implants chirurgicaux réalisés en composite carbone/carbone ont été satisfaisants. The first results observed with surgical implants made of carbon / carbon composite were satisfactory.

Toutefois, on a pu constater le besoin,dans certains cas, d'obtenir, pour des pièces en frottement sur un corps dur, une amélioration de la résistance l'abrasion. However, it has been noted the need, in certain cases, to obtain, for parts rubbing against a hard body, an improvement in the abrasion resistance.

C'est pourquoi la présente invention concerne des implants chirurgicaux perfectionnés comportant au moins une partie en frottement sur un corps dur, caractérisés en ce que ladite partie en frottement est rev8tue d'un composé choisi parmi le nitrure de titane, - le carbure de titane, - le carbure de silicium, - l'oxyde d'aluminium, - le bisulfure de molybdène.  This is why the present invention relates to improved surgical implants comprising at least one part in friction on a hard body, characterized in that said part in friction is coated with a compound chosen from titanium nitride, - titanium carbide. , - silicon carbide, - aluminum oxide, - molybdenum disulfide.

L'utilisation de ce type de revêtement présente de nombreux avantages dans le cadre des implants chirurgicaux. The use of this type of coating has many advantages in the context of surgical implants.

Ces différents produits, en particulier le nitrure de titane, sont des produits parfaitement mouillables, c'est-à-dire qu'in vivo les surfaces revêtues de nitrure de titane sont continuellement lubrifiées par les fluides biologiques, ceci va tendre à limiter l'usure des surfaces en cause. These various products, in particular titanium nitride, are perfectly wettable products, that is to say that in vivo the surfaces coated with titanium nitride are continuously lubricated by biological fluids, this will tend to limit the wear of the surfaces in question.

On a pu, en outre, constater qu'à la différence des implants chirurgicaux en matière métallique qui tendent à prendre des charges statiques, le composite carbone/carbone revêtu par du nitrure de titane ne tend pas à se charger électriquement, ceci est très important car on a pu mettre en évidence l'influence des charges statiques sur des nécroses sous implants chirurgicaux ainsi que des mauvaises reformations du cal par présence d'une charge électrostatique. It has also been found that, unlike surgical implants made of metallic material which tend to take static charges, the carbon / carbon composite coated with titanium nitride does not tend to charge electrically, this is very important. because we have been able to highlight the influence of static charges on necrosis under surgical implants as well as poor reformation of the callus by the presence of an electrostatic charge.

Bien entendu, la propriété essentielle des nitrures de titane a été maintenue, à savoir une dureté telle qu'elle rend ce type de surface quasiment inusable. Of course, the essential property of titanium nitrides has been maintained, namely a hardness such that it makes this type of surface almost wear-free.

Comme cela a été décrit dans le brevet français mentionné précédemment, l'implant chirurgical par lui-même est de préférence usiné dans un bloc de carbone ; ce bloc de carbone est obtenu par densification de fibres de carbone par dépit chimique en phase fluide d'une matrice de pyrocarbone. De façon générale, le dépôt chimique de la matrice de pyrocarbone est effectué en phase vapeur. As described in the French patent mentioned above, the surgical implant by itself is preferably machined from a carbon block; this carbon block is obtained by densification of carbon fibers by chemical spite in the fluid phase of a pyrocarbon matrix. Generally, the chemical deposition of the pyrocarbon matrix is carried out in the vapor phase.

Les fibres de carbone sont organisées sous forme d'un empilement de tissus de carbone obtenu par carbonisation de fibres dJun polymère carboné, par exemple le polyacrylonitrile. The carbon fibers are organized in the form of a stack of carbon fabrics obtained by carbonization of fibers of a carbon-based polymer, for example polyacrylonitrile.

Afin d'obtenir une structure tridimensionnelle isotrope, les empilements de tissus de carbone sont enfilés perpendiculairement au plan moyen défini par cet empilement par d'autres fibres de carbone qui viennent ainsi créer une structure tridimensionnelle. In order to obtain an isotropic three-dimensional structure, the stacks of carbon fabrics are threaded perpendicular to the mean plane defined by this stack by other carbon fibers which thus create a three-dimensional structure.

De façon générale, on préfère utiliser un composite carbone/carbone présentant une densité comprise entre 1,4 g/cm3 et 2 g/cm3.  In general, it is preferred to use a carbon / carbon composite having a density of between 1.4 g / cm3 and 2 g / cm3.

D'autres éléments complémentaires sur ce type de produit et sa préparation sont décrits dans le brevet français mentionné précédemment. Other complementary elements on this type of product and its preparation are described in the French patent mentioned above.

Ce type de produit est commercialisé par la
Société GV SYSTEMS, 33 rue Rameau - 94800 VILLEJUIF, sous l'appellation de Composite carbone/carbone sous différentes qualités correspondant à des masses volumiques pouvant varier entre 1,4 et 2.This type of product is marketed by
GV SYSTEMS, 33 rue Rameau - 94800 VILLEJUIF, under the name of Carbon / carbon composite in different qualities corresponding to densities that can vary between 1.4 and 2.

Le revêtement de nitrure de titane ou des différents autres composés mentionnés précédemment est effectué de préférence par déposition chimique et physique en phase gazeuse par des techniques qui sont actuellement connues. The coating of titanium nitride or of the various other compounds mentioned above is preferably carried out by chemical and physical deposition in the gas phase by techniques which are currently known.

Toutefois, on a pu mettre en évidence l'influence du diamètre moyen des pores du bloc de composite carbone/ carbone sur la qualité du revêtement obtenu dans l'application particulière. I1 convient d'utiliser de préférence un bloc de composite carbone/carbone ayant un diamètre moyen des pores inférieur à 10 microns et de préférence inférieur à 5 microns. However, it has been possible to demonstrate the influence of the average pore diameter of the carbon / carbon composite block on the quality of the coating obtained in the particular application. I1 should preferably use a carbon / carbon composite block having an average pore diameter of less than 10 microns and preferably less than 5 microns.

De même, afin que l'on puisse obtenir de bonnes surfaces de contact sur l'implant en cause, l'épaisseur du revêtement doit être comprise entre 5 et 15 microns.  Likewise, in order to obtain good contact surfaces on the implant in question, the coating thickness must be between 5 and 15 microns.

Compte tenu de la technologie mise en oeuvre, on a constaté qu'il était préférable, lorsque l'on a a effectuer le dépit en phase vapeur du produit tel que le nitrure de titane, d'effectuer un dépit en phase vapeur sur l'ensemble de l'implant chirurgical et de faire disparaltre ce revêtement aux endroits où il n'est pas désiré pour des problèmes de biocompatibilité. In view of the technology used, it has been found that it is preferable, when the vapor phase spite of the product such as titanium nitride is effected, to perform a vapor phase spite on the whole of the surgical implant and make this coating disappear in places where it is not desired for biocompatibility problems.

Ainsi, dans le cas d'une prothèse de hanche, seule la tête de prothèse nécessite un revêtement au nitrure de titane, alors qu'au contraire la partie inférieure doit être en carbone afin d'assurer une biocompatibilité maximum lorsqu'elle sera insérée dans le sommet du fémur. Thus, in the case of a hip prosthesis, only the prosthesis head requires a titanium nitride coating, while on the contrary the lower part must be made of carbon in order to ensure maximum biocompatibility when it is inserted in the top of the femur.

I1 est également possible de prévoir que les deux surfaces en contact seront revêtues, ainsi dans le cas d'une prothèse de hance on peut prévoir de revêtir aussi le cotyle. It is also possible to provide that the two surfaces in contact will be coated, so in the case of a hip prosthesis, provision can also be made to coat the acetabulum.

On peut, bien entendu, envisager de réaliser d'autres prothèses qui pourraient bénéficier de ce revêtement. I1 s'agit, par exemple, de prothèses articulaires tensio-métatarsiennes, par exemple au niveau du premier métatarse ; ou encore, il peut s'agir de prothèses de poignet avec pour objectif secondaire le remplacement total des pièces osseuses suivantes - semi lunaire - scaphoïde. One can, of course, consider making other prostheses which could benefit from this coating. These are, for example, joint tensio-metatarsal prostheses, for example at the level of the first metatarsus; or it can be wrist prostheses with the secondary objective of completely replacing the following bone parts - semi-lunar - scaphoid.

Les essais réalisés jusqu'à maintenant ont montré que, par exemple dans le cas d'une prothèse pour hanche pour animal constituée d'une base en carbone/carbone poreux porosité d'environ 80 %) surmontée d'une tête de fémur traitée en surface par un plasma de revêtement de nitrure de titane, on obtenait des couples de frottement extrêmement faibles par rapport aux matériaux couramment utilisés.  The tests carried out so far have shown that, for example in the case of a prosthesis for an animal hip consisting of a carbon / porous carbon base porosity of about 80%) surmounted by a femur head treated in surface by a titanium nitride coating plasma, extremely low friction torques were obtained compared to commonly used materials.

Ce qui est excessivement important de remarquer ctest que,grSce à la mise en oeuvre du composite carbone/ carbone qui peut être usiné, on devrait voir la réalisation d'un implant chirurgical standard qui pourra ensuite par un simple procédé homothétique permettre de réaliser des implants chirurgicaux sur mesure, sans la nécessité de préparer préalablement des estampes à partir de pièces de fonderie.  What is excessively important to note is that, thanks to the implementation of the carbon / carbon composite which can be machined, one should see the production of a standard surgical implant which can then by a simple homothetic process make it possible to produce implants made-to-measure surgical tools, without the need to prepare prints in advance from castings.

Claims (11)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Implant chirurgical perfectionné comportant au moins une partie en frottement sur un corps dur, caractérisé en ce que ladite partie en frottement est revetue d'un composé choisi parmi - le nitrure de titane, - le carbure de titane, - le carbure de silicium, - l'oxyde d'aluminium, - le bisulfure de molybdene.  1) Improved surgical implant comprising at least one part in friction on a hard body, characterized in that said part in friction is coated with a compound chosen from - titanium nitride, - titanium carbide, - silicon carbide , - aluminum oxide, - molybdenum disulfide. 2) Implant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est usiné dans un bloc de carbone. 2) Implant according to claim 1, characterized in that it is machined from a carbon block. 3) Implant selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué par un bloc de carbone obtenu par densification de fibres de carbone par dépôt chimique en phase fluide d'une matrice de pyrocarbone. 3) Implant according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it consists of a carbon block obtained by densification of carbon fibers by chemical deposition in the fluid phase of a pyrocarbon matrix. 4) Implant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de carbone sont des fibres de polyacrylonitrile. 4) Implant according to claim 3, characterized in that the carbon fibers are polyacrylonitrile fibers. 5) Implant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la densité du bloc de carbone est 3 3 comprise entre 1,4 g/cm3 et 2 g/cm3.  5) Implant according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the density of the carbon block is 3 3 between 1.4 g / cm3 and 2 g / cm3. 6) Implant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre moyen des pores du bloc de carbone est inférieur à 10 microns 6) Implant according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the average diameter of the pores of the carbon block is less than 10 microns 7) Implant selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre moyen des pores du bloc de carbone est inférieur à 5 microns. 7) Implant according to claim 6, characterized in that the average diameter of the pores of the carbon block is less than 5 microns. 8) Implant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur du revêtement est comprise entre 5 et 15 microns.  8) Implant according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the thickness of the coating is between 5 and 15 microns. 9) Implant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement est effectué par déposition chimique et physique en phase gazeuse. 9) Implant according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coating is carried out by chemical and physical deposition in the gas phase. 10) Implant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il s'agit - d'une prothèse de hanche, - d'un cotyle, - d'une prothèse articulaire tensio-métatarsienne, - d'une semi lunaire, - d'un scaphoide. 10) Implant according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is - a hip prosthesis, - a acetabulum, - a tensio-metatarsal joint prosthesis, - a semi lunar, - of a scaphoid. 11) Implant selon l'une des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement est en nitrure de titane.  11) Implant according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the coating is made of titanium nitride.
FR8409657A 1984-06-20 1984-06-20 IMPROVED SURGICAL IMPLANTS WITH COATING, ESPECIALLY TITANIUM NITRIDE Expired FR2566272B1 (en)

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DE8815083U1 (en) * 1988-11-29 1989-05-03 Biotronik Meß- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin, 1000 Berlin Implant
DE8815082U1 (en) * 1988-11-29 1989-05-18 Biotronik Meß- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin, 1000 Berlin Heart valve prosthesis
FR2680967A1 (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-12 Commissariat Energie Atomique Finger joint prosthesis for metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal articulations
EP0560279A1 (en) * 1992-03-11 1993-09-15 Ultramet Open cell tantalum structures for cancellous bone implants and cell and tissue receptors
EP0573694A2 (en) * 1990-09-17 1993-12-15 Michael J. Pappas Prothesis with biologically inert wear resistant surface
WO2001011097A1 (en) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-15 Mat Inov Sarl Method for storing a shape memory alloy
US9192476B2 (en) 2010-09-29 2015-11-24 Zimmer, Inc. Pyrolytic carbon implants with porous fixation component and methods of making the same
CN111925226A (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-11-13 湖南碳康生物科技有限公司 Carbon fiber composite skull patch and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8815082U1 (en) * 1988-11-29 1989-05-18 Biotronik Meß- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin, 1000 Berlin Heart valve prosthesis
EP0371908A1 (en) * 1988-11-29 1990-06-06 BIOTRONIK Mess- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin Implant
DE8815083U1 (en) * 1988-11-29 1989-05-03 Biotronik Meß- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin, 1000 Berlin Implant
EP0573694A2 (en) * 1990-09-17 1993-12-15 Michael J. Pappas Prothesis with biologically inert wear resistant surface
EP0573694A3 (en) * 1990-09-17 1994-11-17 Michael J Pappas Prothesis with biologically inert wear resistant surface.
FR2680967A1 (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-12 Commissariat Energie Atomique Finger joint prosthesis for metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal articulations
WO1993004644A1 (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-18 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Finger joint prosthesis for metacarpalphalangeal and interphalangeal joints
US5458647A (en) * 1991-09-06 1995-10-17 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Finger joint prosthesis for metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
EP0560279A1 (en) * 1992-03-11 1993-09-15 Ultramet Open cell tantalum structures for cancellous bone implants and cell and tissue receptors
WO2001011097A1 (en) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-15 Mat Inov Sarl Method for storing a shape memory alloy
US9192476B2 (en) 2010-09-29 2015-11-24 Zimmer, Inc. Pyrolytic carbon implants with porous fixation component and methods of making the same
CN111925226A (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-11-13 湖南碳康生物科技有限公司 Carbon fiber composite skull patch and preparation method thereof
CN111925226B (en) * 2020-01-19 2022-04-08 湖南碳康生物科技有限公司 Carbon fiber composite skull patch and preparation method thereof

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