FR2566080A1 - Differential for automotive vehicle without loss of drive grip on slippery ground. - Google Patents
Differential for automotive vehicle without loss of drive grip on slippery ground. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2566080A1 FR2566080A1 FR8409457A FR8409457A FR2566080A1 FR 2566080 A1 FR2566080 A1 FR 2566080A1 FR 8409457 A FR8409457 A FR 8409457A FR 8409457 A FR8409457 A FR 8409457A FR 2566080 A1 FR2566080 A1 FR 2566080A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- differential
- satellites
- gears
- planetary
- planets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
- F16H48/28—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using self-locking gears or self-braking gears
- F16H48/285—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using self-locking gears or self-braking gears with self-braking intermeshing gears having parallel axes and having worms or helical teeth
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
- F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
- F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
- F16H48/11—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears having intermeshing planet gears
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
- F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
- F16H2048/106—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears characterised by two sun gears
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DESCRIPTION
La présente invention concerne tln nouveau tyne de différentiel pour véhicule automot ur. DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a new differential type for a motor vehicle.
I1 permet, selon un système simple, fiable et économique, aux roues motrices qui lui sont assujeties de tourner à des vitesses différentes, mais en virage seulement; dans tous les autres cas, il se comporte comme un axe rigide reliant les deux roues. I1 allows, according to a simple, reliable and economical system, the driving wheels which are subject to it to turn at different speeds, but only in turns; in all other cases, it behaves like a rigid axle connecting the two wheels.
Les différentiels normalement utilises, a l'heure actuelle, du type train Epicycloldal, à engrenages coniques ou cylin drives, permettent sans doute de realiser en virage des vitesses différentes entre les deux rues; mais ils présentent, en outre, le lourd inconvénient de transmettre, sur terrain salissant, toute la force motrice à la roue qui a le moins d'adhérence, alors qu'il faudriit précisément que, dans un tel cas, la force motrice soit transmise également aux deux roues, a la manière d'un pont rigide. The differentials normally used, at the present time, of the Epicycloldal train type, with bevel gears or cylin drives, undoubtedly make it possible to achieve different cornering speeds between the two streets; but they also have the serious disadvantage of transmitting, on dirty ground, all the driving force to the wheel which has the least grip, whereas it would be precisely necessary that, in such a case, the driving force is transmitted also on two wheels, like a rigid bridge.
Les solutions actuelles, pour pallier ces pertes d'adhérence motrice, du type à blocage ou à glissement limité, n'apportcnt qu'une solution partielle; celle à vis sans fin et engrenages hélicoïdaux résoud bien le problème, mais au prix de difficultés techniques certaines, donc de prix de revient élevé. Current solutions, to compensate for these losses of traction, of the blocking or limited slip type, provide only a partial solution; that with worm and helical gears solves the problem well, but at the cost of certain technical difficulties, therefore of high cost price.
Le type de différentiel proposé est réalisé selon le principe suivant
I1 est du type classique à train épicycloïdal, mais à engrenages cylindriques, dans lequel les satellites, liés à chacun des planétaires, engrènent deux par deux.The type of differential offered is produced according to the following principle
I1 is of the conventional type with planetary gear, but with cylindrical gears, in which the satellites, linked to each of the planets, mesh in pairs.
De plus, les deux plantaires sont constitues par des engrenages hélicoldaux, et non pas droits, symétriques l'un par rapport à l'autre. In addition, the two plantaries are formed by helical gears, and not straight, symmetrical with respect to each other.
Les satellites qui leur sont associes sont de type mixte: engrenages hélicoldaux pour les parties en prise avec les plantaires, et engrenages droits pour les parties qui engrenent entre satellites. The satellites which are associated with them are of mixed type: helical gears for the parts in engagement with the plantar, and spur gears for the parts which mesh between satellites.
Pendant le mouvement, les engrenages hélicoidSux, planétaires et satellites, qui tngrenent entre eux, exerceront les uns sur les autres des acti: s et réactions se traduisant par des poussées axiales
Les satellites seront montés, à l'intérieur du différentiel, clavetés sur des arbres avec butées, pour absorber intégralement ces poussées axiales; ils ne sont donc susceptibles d'aucun déplacement axile
Par contre, les engrenages planétaires sont montés sur arbre cannélé avec un jeu de butées leur permettant un déplacement latéral limité dans les deux sens sous l'effet des poussées axiales provenant soit des actions exercées par les satellites lorsqu'ils entraînent les planétaires, soit des réactions provoques par les satellites lorsqu'ils sont menés par les planétaires.During the movement, the helical gears, planetary and satellite, which mesh with each other, will exert on each other activities and reactions resulting in axial thrusts
The satellites will be mounted, inside the differential, keyed on shafts with stops, to fully absorb these axial thrusts; they are therefore not susceptible to any axial displacement
On the other hand, the planetary gears are mounted on a splined shaft with a set of stops allowing them a limited lateral displacement in both directions under the effect of the axial thrusts coming either from the actions exerted by the satellites when they drive the planetary, or reactions provoked by satellites when driven by planets.
Enfin, les deux planétaires, dont les axes sont alignés, sont reliés par un double embrayage, interposé entre eux, qui les rends solidaires lorsqu'ils sont, sous l'effet des poussées axiales, soit à l'écartement maximum, soit à l'écartement minium l'un par rapport à l'autre. Finally, the two planetary, whose axes are aligned, are connected by a double clutch, interposed between them, which make them integral when they are, under the effect of axial thrusts, either at maximum spacing, or at l minimum spacing from each other.
Le fonctionnement du diffrentiel proposé est alors basé sur la propriété suivante que possédent deux engrenages héli cotidaux en prise : lorsque le premier engrenage entraîne, dans sa rotation, le second, il exerce sur celui-ci une poussée axiale, et subit lui-même une réaction axiale égale, et de sens oppose. The operation of the proposed differential is then based on the following property that has two heli-gears in engagement: when the first gear drives, in its rotation, the second, it exerts on it an axial thrust, and itself undergoes a equal axial reaction, and opposite direction.
Si, par contre, c'est le second engrenage qui est moteur, les poussées et réactions axiales, subies par les deux engrenages, sont égales, mais de sens opposé aux précédentes, pour des sens de rotation identiques dans les deux cas. If, on the other hand, it is the second gear which is driving, the thrusts and axial reactions, undergone by the two gears, are equal, but in opposite directions to the previous ones, for identical directions of rotation in the two cases.
Le dispositif fonctionne de la façon suivante 10 Cas : Déplacement sur une route droite à adhérence normale
Le différentiel se comporte comme un axe rigide, et ceci quelque soit le type de différentiel, à engrenages coniques, cylindriques ou hélicoidaux, par définition même du train épicycloidal. The device works as follows 10 Case: Traveling on a straight road with normal grip
The differential behaves like a rigid axis, and this whatever the type of differential, with bevel gears, cylindrical or helical, by definition even of the planetary gear.
20 Cas : Virage sur route à adhérence normale
Deux couples antagonistes proviennent des roues; les planétaires exercent donc sur les satellites des poussées égales mais opposées; et les deux roues motrices, par l'intermédiaire des planétaires, tournent à des vitesses différentes.20 Case: Turn on road with normal grip
Two opposing couples come from the wheels; the planets therefore exert on the satellites equal but opposite thrusts; and the two driving wheels, via the planets, rotate at different speeds.
Comme chaque planétaire exerce sur ses satellites des couples de sens opposé, les poussées axiales exercées sur les satellites, ainsi que les réactions (;use suffissent les planétaires sont de même sens, puisque les deux groupes (satellites + planétaires) sont de profil symétrique; les planétaires sont à écartement intermédiaire l'un par rapport à l'autre. As each planetary exerts on its satellites couples of opposite direction, the axial thrusts exerted on the satellites, as well as the reactions (; use suffice the planetary are in the same direction, since the two groups (satellites + planetary) are of symmetrical profile; the planets are at intermediate spacing with respect to each other.
De ce f;lit, l'embrayage, entre les satellites, n'agit pas. From this f; lit, the clutch, between the satellites, does not act.
Le système se comporte comme un différentiel classique.The system behaves like a conventional differential.
30 Cas : Une roue se trouve sur sol adhérant, et une roue sur
sol glissant
Du coté du sol adhérant, un couple antagoniste améne le planétaire à faire tourner les satellites qui lui sont associés. Ces derniers entnnent les satellites du second planétaire, avec qui ils sont en prise.30 Case: A wheel is on sticking ground, and a wheel on
slippery floor
On the side of the adhering ground, an opposing couple causes the planet to rotate the satellites associated with it. These entnnent the satellites of the second planetary, with which they are in contact.
Comme ce dernier n'est soumis à aucun couple résistant, c'est lui qui est entrainé par ses satellites. Dans ce cas, contrairement au cas précédent, les poussées axiales subies par les deux planétaires sont de sens opposé. Ils subissent donc un déplacement maximum sur leurs axes, et de sens contraire. D-s lors, se trouvant entre eux à l'écartement maxi ou mini, selon le sens du couple moteur, ils se trouvent solidarisés par l'embrayage. Le système se comporte comme un axe rigide. As the latter is not subjected to any resistant torque, it is it which is driven by its satellites. In this case, unlike the previous case, the axial thrusts experienced by the two planets are in opposite directions. They therefore undergo maximum displacement on their axes, and in opposite directions. Therefore, being between them at the maximum or minimum spacing, depending on the direction of the engine torque, they are secured by the clutch. The system behaves like a rigid axis.
te Cas : Le couple actif provient des roues et non de l'arbre
moteur (ralentissement).Case: The active torque comes from the wheels and not from the shaft
engine (deceleration).
Le jeu des couples résistants provenant des roues, donc des planétaires qui leur sont solidaires, sont de même nature; et le dispositif continue à se comporter comme dans les trois analysés ci-dessus. The play of the resistant couples coming from the wheels, therefore from the planetary ones which are integral with them, are of the same nature; and the device continues to behave as in the three analyzed above.
Présentation des dessins. Presentation of the drawings.
-Figure 1 : Principe de base du différentiel:
Schémas montrant deux engrenage hélicoldaux en prise, avec indication des actions A et réactions 3 axiales qu'ils exercent l'un sur l'autre, dans le cas où le planétaire est moteur, et le satellite l'élément mené, et dans le cas opposé.-Figure 1: Basic principle of the differential:
Diagrams showing two helical gears in engagement, with indication of the actions A and axial reactions 3 which they exert one on the other, in the case where the planetary is motor, and the satellite the driven element, and in the case opposite.
On voit que, bien que les sens de rotation soient restés identiques dans les deux cas, les actions et réactions axiales sont de sens opposé, étant bien entendu que, d'un cas à l'autre, les actions sont devenues réactions et inversement. It can be seen that, although the directions of rotation have remained identical in the two cases, the axial actions and reactions are of opposite directions, it being understood that, from one case to another, the actions have become reactions and vice versa.
-Figure 2 : Schéma de l'ensemble du différentiel, avec coupe en long et en travers.-Figure 2: Diagram of the differential assembly, with long and cross section.
L'ensemble est placé à l'intérieur du carter 1
Les deux planétaires 2 sont solidaires des roues par un arbre cannelé 3; leur double butée 4 limite leun déplacement axiaux. Les satellites 5, montés fixes clavetés sur leurs arbres respectifs 6, sont en prise avec 2 par leurs parties hélicoidales, et engrénent entre-eux par leurs parties à engrenage droit. La cage 7 est entraînée par la couronne 8 et le pignon d'attaque 9.The assembly is placed inside the casing 1
The two sun gear 2 are secured to the wheels by a splined shaft 3; their double stop 4 limits the axial displacement. The satellites 5, mounted fixed keyed on their respective shafts 6, are engaged with 2 by their helical parts, and mesh with each other by their parts with spur gear. The cage 7 is driven by the crown 8 and the drive pinion 9.
Le double embrayage 10 rend solidaire les planétaires 2, lorsqu'ils sont à écartement maximum ou minimum. The double clutch 10 makes the planet wheels 2 integral when they are at maximum or minimum spacing.
Le déplacement possible des planétaires d, autorisé par les butées, et la course de l'embrayage (b-a) sont liés par la relation = 2 d) b - a. q - Figure 3 : Schéma de fonctionnement du différentiel dans les cas 2 et 3 examinés ci-dessus avec indication des actions et réactions sur les planétaires et les satellites. The possible displacement of the planetaries d, authorized by the stops, and the clutch stroke (b-a) are linked by the relation = 2 d) b - a. q - Figure 3: Diagram of the differential operating in cases 2 and 3 examined above with indication of actions and reactions on planets and satellites.
On voit que l'embrayage ne fonctionne pas dans le cas 2, où Pl 1 et P12 sont les éléments moteurs, mais qu'il rend le système bloqué dans le cas 3 où PL 1 et S 2 sont moteurs. We see that the clutch does not work in case 2, where Pl 1 and P12 are the driving elements, but that it makes the system blocked in case 3 where PL 1 and S 2 are driving.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8409457A FR2566080A1 (en) | 1984-06-17 | 1984-06-17 | Differential for automotive vehicle without loss of drive grip on slippery ground. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8409457A FR2566080A1 (en) | 1984-06-17 | 1984-06-17 | Differential for automotive vehicle without loss of drive grip on slippery ground. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2566080A1 true FR2566080A1 (en) | 1985-12-20 |
Family
ID=9305105
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8409457A Withdrawn FR2566080A1 (en) | 1984-06-17 | 1984-06-17 | Differential for automotive vehicle without loss of drive grip on slippery ground. |
Country Status (1)
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FR (1) | FR2566080A1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5169370A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1992-12-08 | Zexel-Gleason Usa, Inc. | End-thrust design for parallel-axis differential |
WO1992022758A1 (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1992-12-23 | Zexel-Gleason Usa. Inc. | Multi-stage torque proportioning differential |
US5624346A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1997-04-29 | Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Differential gear |
US5632704A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1997-05-27 | Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Differential apparatus |
WO2008092526A1 (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-07 | Schaeffler Kg | Spur-gear differential |
DE102009013136A1 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spur gear differential gearbox unit, particularly for motor vehicle, has helical sun gears, planetary gears, gear ring, and surrounding housing with bearings supported in it |
DE102009013294A1 (en) | 2009-03-14 | 2010-09-16 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spur wheel differential gear, particularly for motor vehicle, comprises diagonal or spiral shaped toothed sun gears, planetary gears, and internal gear, where parallelly arranged sun gears are coupled with parallelly arranged output shafts |
WO2010112366A1 (en) | 2009-03-28 | 2010-10-07 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spur gear differential |
WO2015127914A1 (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-03 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Spur gear differential transmission with a bridging torque which varies depending on the load |
DE102022102121A1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-08-03 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Differential lock module for a spur gear differential |
DE102022201143A1 (en) | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Differential gear with torque-dependent locking effect for a vehicle and vehicle with such a gear |
-
1984
- 1984-06-17 FR FR8409457A patent/FR2566080A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992022758A1 (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1992-12-23 | Zexel-Gleason Usa. Inc. | Multi-stage torque proportioning differential |
US5169370A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1992-12-08 | Zexel-Gleason Usa, Inc. | End-thrust design for parallel-axis differential |
WO1993002301A1 (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1993-02-04 | Zexel-Gleason, Usa, Inc. | End-thrust design for parallel-axis differential |
US5302159A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1994-04-12 | Zexel-Gleason Usa, Inc. | End-thrust design for parallel-axis differential |
US5366422A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1994-11-22 | Zexel-Gleason Usa, Inc. | End-thrust design for parallel-axis differential |
US5632704A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1997-05-27 | Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Differential apparatus |
US5624346A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1997-04-29 | Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Differential gear |
WO2008092526A1 (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-07 | Schaeffler Kg | Spur-gear differential |
DE102009013136A1 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spur gear differential gearbox unit, particularly for motor vehicle, has helical sun gears, planetary gears, gear ring, and surrounding housing with bearings supported in it |
DE102009013294A1 (en) | 2009-03-14 | 2010-09-16 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spur wheel differential gear, particularly for motor vehicle, comprises diagonal or spiral shaped toothed sun gears, planetary gears, and internal gear, where parallelly arranged sun gears are coupled with parallelly arranged output shafts |
WO2010112366A1 (en) | 2009-03-28 | 2010-10-07 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spur gear differential |
WO2015127914A1 (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-03 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Spur gear differential transmission with a bridging torque which varies depending on the load |
DE102022102121A1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-08-03 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Differential lock module for a spur gear differential |
DE102022102121B4 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-10-12 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Differential lock module for a spur gear differential |
DE102022201143A1 (en) | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Differential gear with torque-dependent locking effect for a vehicle and vehicle with such a gear |
DE102022201143B4 (en) | 2022-02-03 | 2023-10-05 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Differential gear with torque-dependent locking effect for a vehicle and vehicle with such a gear |
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