FR2563727A1 - Novel method of preparing a skin graft from native connective tissue - Google Patents
Novel method of preparing a skin graft from native connective tissue Download PDFInfo
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- FR2563727A1 FR2563727A1 FR8406937A FR8406937A FR2563727A1 FR 2563727 A1 FR2563727 A1 FR 2563727A1 FR 8406937 A FR8406937 A FR 8406937A FR 8406937 A FR8406937 A FR 8406937A FR 2563727 A1 FR2563727 A1 FR 2563727A1
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- connective tissue
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- umbilical cord
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- 210000002808 connective tissue Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 210000003954 umbilical cord Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 30
- 210000004207 dermis Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003606 umbilical vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001644 umbilical artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000016571 aggressive behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000030214 innervation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001605 fetal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002344 fibroplastic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003780 hair follicle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002752 melanocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002374 sebum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000106 sweat gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000017423 tissue regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MEYZYGMYMLNUHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tunicamycin Natural products CC(C)CCCCCCCCCC=CC(=O)NC1C(O)C(O)C(CC(O)C2OC(C(O)C2O)N3C=CC(=O)NC3=O)OC1OC4OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C4NC(=O)C MEYZYGMYMLNUHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/3604—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix characterised by the human or animal origin of the biological material, e.g. hair, fascia, fish scales, silk, shellac, pericardium, pleura, renal tissue, amniotic membrane, parenchymal tissue, fetal tissue, muscle tissue, fat tissue, enamel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/10—Hair or skin implants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/10—Hair or skin implants
- A61F2/105—Skin implants, e.g. artificial skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/44—Vessels; Vascular smooth muscle cells; Endothelial cells; Endothelial progenitor cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/3683—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix subjected to a specific treatment prior to implantation, e.g. decellularising, demineralising, grinding, cellular disruption/non-collagenous protein removal, anti-calcification, crosslinking, supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme treatment
- A61L27/3691—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix subjected to a specific treatment prior to implantation, e.g. decellularising, demineralising, grinding, cellular disruption/non-collagenous protein removal, anti-calcification, crosslinking, supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme treatment characterised by physical conditions of the treatment, e.g. applying a compressive force to the composition, pressure cycles, ultrasonic/sonication or microwave treatment, lyophilisation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/60—Materials for use in artificial skin
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Public Health (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un
nouveau procédé de prépsrôtion du greffon de peau natif
utilisé pour provoquer le régénération d'un tissu
épidermique et dermioue détruit d'un individu ( humain
ou mammifère ) dans les opérations de greffe de peau
On sait que toute peau est formée de deux tissus répondant à une dualité embryologique: l'un est superficiel, l'épiderme de nature épithéliale ; l'autre sous jacent le derme, de nature conjonctive; l'hypoderme étant assemblable aux tissus profonds reliant- le derme aux muscles.The present invention relates to a
new pre-rotational process for native skin graft
used to cause tissue regeneration
epidermal and skin destruction of an individual (human
or mammal) in skin grafting operations
We know that all skin is made up of two tissues responding to an embryological duality: one is superficial, the epidermis of an epithelial nature; the other underlying the dermis, of a conjunctive nature; the hypodermis being assembled with the deep tissues connecting the dermis to the muscles.
L'épiderme, d'une épaisseur de O,1inn# à lmm, comporte luitmEme plusieurs couches : la plus profonde , en contact avec le derme, est composée d'une assise de cellules épithéliales arrangées en palissade entre lesquelles s'intercalent par endroit les prolongements cellulaires des mélanocytes dont les corps cellulaires sont dispersés sous les cellules banales. Les couches cellulaires supérieures faites de cellules polyhédriques, forment avec la couche basale, la partie dite nialpighienne de l'épiderme.Au-dessus de ces couches , on rencontre une couche granuleuse, translucide et cornée, contenant la kératine et constituant la peau morte
Le renouvellement des couches cellulaires de l'épiderme est assuré à partir de la couche basale Il faut noter que l'épiderme est dépourvu de vaisseaux et que sa nutrition n'est assurée que par les liquides interstitiels situés entre derme, couche basale et cellules de la couche sous jacente.The epidermis, 0.1 mm thick to 1 mm thick, comprises several layers: the deepest, in contact with the dermis, is composed of a base of epithelial cells arranged in a palisade between which are inserted in places the cellular extensions of melanocytes, the cell bodies of which are dispersed beneath the ordinary cells. The upper cellular layers made of polyhedral cells, form with the basal layer, the so-called nialpighian part of the epidermis. Above these layers, we find a granular, translucent and horny layer, containing keratin and constituting the dead skin
The renewal of the cellular layers of the epidermis is ensured from the basal layer It should be noted that the epidermis is devoid of vessels and that its nutrition is ensured only by the interstitial liquids located between dermis, basal layer and cells of the underlying layer.
Le derme, situé sous l'épiderme, comporte une assise cellulaire lache et mince dotée de nombreuse follicules pileuses et donnant à la surface du derme son aspect irrégulier. La fonction de ces papilles où cheminent des vaisseaux dermiquee, est d'augmenter considérablement la superficie du réseau vasculaire en contact avec l'épiderme ,et d'accroitre la sensibilité aux variations de température avec l'extérieur à travers l'épiderme
Sous cette assise se trouve le derme proprement dit, de structure dense, constitué essentiellement:de tissus conjonctifs réticulaires contenant une substance fondamentale riche en m::uco > polysaccharides , de fibres épaisses et résistantej constituées de fibrescollagènes Qrientées en tous sens dans des plans superposés parallèles au revêtement cutané, et des fibres élastiques richement anastomosées,
Toutes ces considérations permettent d'affirmer que la peau a poui origine un tissu , le derme, innervé et vascularisé différaml nt d'un individu à autre sera caractérisé par une qualité tissulair dépendra la qualité de l'épiderme.L'innervation et la vaseularisa tion peuvent être assimilées à une programmation électrique destin à spécifier la peau en fonction de l'évolution de l'individu. Ps exemple,l'innervation permet de polariser plus ou moins négativeme la peau qui sera soumise à un champ électroosmotique et relarguera les anions toxiques au moyen des glandes sudoripares.The dermis, located under the epidermis, has a loose and thin cell base with numerous hair follicles and giving the surface of the dermis its irregular appearance. The function of these papillae where dermal vessels pass, is to considerably increase the surface area of the vascular network in contact with the epidermis, and to increase sensitivity to temperature variations with the outside through the epidermis.
Under this seat is the dermis proper, of dense structure, essentially consisting of: reticular connective tissues containing a fundamental substance rich in m :: uco> polysaccharides, thick and resistant fibersj made of collagen fibers Qrientées in all directions in superimposed planes parallel to the skin covering, and richly anastomosed elastic fibers,
All these considerations make it possible to affirm that the skin has originated from a tissue, the dermis, innervated and vascularized differently from one individual to another will be characterized by a tissue quality will depend on the quality of the epidermis. Innervation and vaseularisa tion can be likened to an electrical programming intended to specify the skin according to the evolution of the individual. Ps example, the innervation allows to polarize more or less negatively the skin which will be subjected to an electroosmotic field and will release toxic anions by means of the sweat glands.
Lorsque la peau est agressée ou brûlée, on définit l'agression au ler et 2ème degré lorsque l'épiderme est at-teint, par contre lorsque l'épiderme et le derme sont conjointement détruits ,la programmation ne peut s'installer sur les tissus qui repoussent, et cette agression dite du 3ème degré est irréparable en l'absence de greffe spontannée . Cette notion de programmation progressive permet d'affirmer que les tissus de la peau sont identiques entre eux à ltorigine de la vie ( es. peau du foetus ) et se spécifient en fonction des champs électriques sensoriels et nerveux de chaque individu.When the skin is attacked or burned, we define aggression in the 1st and 2nd degree when the epidermis is dyed, on the other hand when the epidermis and the dermis are jointly destroyed, the programming cannot be installed on the tissues that grow back, and this so-called 3rd degree aggression is irreparable in the absence of spontaneous transplant. This notion of progressive programming allows us to affirm that the skin tissues are identical to each other at the origin of life (es. Fetal skin) and are specified according to the sensory and nervous electric fields of each individual.
Pour respecter l'évolution de la peau et sa programmatior acquise au fur et à mesure du vieillissement de l'individu , on réalise, lors des interventions dermatologiques, des greffes de peau prélevée su; le seul tissu superficiel du territoire resté indemne de lindltidu accidenté.Ce dernier, qui représente à la fois le donneur et le receveur , subit une opération dénommée autogreffe
Il faut préciser que le prélèvement , ou excision, se réalise à la fois sur l'épaisseur superficielle de la peau appelée épiderme, avec une quantité non négligeable de derme pourvu d'éléments pileux favorables à la prise de la greffe @ En effet, ces éléments pileux sont solidaires de glandes secrètant une substance protidolipidique complexe, le sébum , qui joue un grand rSle dans la nutrition des couches superficielles de l'épiderme
On observe en effet que ces éléments pileux constituent les points d'accrochage de la greffe et favorisent la réussite de 1 'autogreffe.To respect the evolution of the skin and its programmatior acquired as the individual ages, skin grafts taken from the skin are performed during dermatological procedures; the only surface tissue in the area that remained free from the injured victim, who represents both the donor and the recipient, undergoes an operation called autograft
It should be noted that the sample, or excision, is carried out at the same time on the surface thickness of the skin called the epidermis, with a non-negligible amount of dermis provided with hairy elements favorable for taking the graft @ Indeed, these hair elements are attached to glands secreting a complex protidolipid substance, sebum, which plays a major role in the nutrition of the surface layers of the epidermis
It is observed in fact that these hair elements constitute the attachment points of the graft and promote the success of one autograft.
Le prélèvement est le plus souvent réalisé en découpant sur le patient des lanières étroites de peau comprenant l'épiderme et quelques éléments du derme pileux. Ces lanières sont ensuite expansées mécaniquement au moyen de petits laminoirs qui dessinent de fines incisions en forme de croix sur l'épaisseur du tissu
Le tissu ainsi laminé est ensuite étiré et expansé de façon X générer un filet ajouré afin d'obtenir une surface optimale . Les fines inci-sions et l'étirage sont calculés dans le but d'obtenir un filet dont les mailles sont de dimensions inférieures à 2 cm , et compatible avec le processus de régénération.Ces filets utilisés pour réaliser les autogreffes, permettent de reconstituer sur un individu dont la surface de peau a été détruite à 5, un tissu épidermique et dermique en lui prélèvant 10B de la surface de peau restée indemne.The sampling is most often carried out by cutting out narrow strips of skin on the patient comprising the epidermis and some elements of the hair dermis. These strips are then mechanically expanded by means of small rolling mills which make fine cross-shaped incisions on the thickness of the fabric.
The fabric thus laminated is then stretched and expanded so as to generate an openwork mesh in order to obtain an optimal surface. The fine incis-sions and the stretching are calculated in order to obtain a net whose meshes are of dimensions less than 2 cm, and compatible with the regeneration process. These nets used to carry out the autografts, make it possible to reconstitute on an individual whose skin surface has been destroyed at 5, an epidermal and dermal tissue by removing 10B from the skin surface which has remained free.
Si l'autogreffe précédemment décrite présente une grande probabilité de réussite, les possibilités d'intervention se limitent aux individus disposant d'une surface saine encire très importante
En outre, les brûlures profondes, dites du 3ème degré détruisent le système pileux du derme. Dans ce tcas, l'autogreffe précédemment décrite ne peut être pariaiteme
réussie qu ' avec un individu sain faiblement accidenté
La présente invention permet de pallier
ces inconvénients en utilisant un tissu naissant dépourvu de spécificité et encore non programmé électriquement , prélevé par exemple sur les cordons ombilicaux du foetus des mammifères.If the autograft previously described has a high probability of success, the possibilities of intervention are limited to individuals with a very large healthy ink surface.
In addition, deep burns, called 3rd degree burns destroy the hair system of the dermis. In this case, the autograft previously described cannot be matched.
successful only with a healthy individual slightly injured
The present invention overcomes
these disadvantages by using a nascent tissue lacking in specificity and still not electrically programmed, taken for example from the umbilical cords of the mammalian fetus.
En effet, un cordon ombilical qui relie le placenta au foetus se présente chez tous les mammifères comme un tissu - conjonctif lache , constitué-de fibres faiblement orientées et contenant dans sa substance les pédicules allantoidiens et vitilli
Quel que soit , au cours du développement de l'espèce , le sort de l'allantoide ou de la vésicule ombilicale , ce sont toujours les vaisseaux situés à l'intérieur du cordon ombilical qui assurent la circulation sanguine intra-embryonnaire la vascularisation dans les zones d'échanges placentaires:
Le cordon ombilical d'un mammifère ou d'un humain est donc constitué d'un tissu; conjonctif dénué de toute programmation électrique ou nerveuse servant à canaliser deux artères et la veine ombilicale. Ces trois canaux sont logés à l'intérieur du tissu: conjonctif du cordon , entre les mailles duquel
se trouve une substance fondamentale et nourricière , appelée gelée de Wharton
L'ensemble de tous ces éléments est enrobé et maintenu par
le tissu amniotique.Indeed, an umbilical cord which connects the placenta to the fetus appears in all mammals as a tissue - loose connective, consisting of weakly oriented fibers and containing in its substance the allantoic and vitilli pedicles
Whatever, during the development of the species, the fate of the allantoide or the umbilical vesicle, it is always the vessels located inside the umbilical cord which ensure the intra-embryonic blood circulation the vascularization in the placental exchange zones:
The umbilical cord of a mammal or a human therefore consists of a tissue; connective devoid of any electrical or nervous programming used to channel two arteries and the umbilical vein. These three channels are housed inside the tissue: connective of the cord, between the meshes of which
is a basic and nourishing substance called Wharton jelly
All of these elements are coated and maintained by
amniotic tissue.
La longueur et le nombre des vaisseaux contenus varient
considérablement selon les espèces. Par contre , le tissur
conjonctif et la gelée de Wharton sont communs à toutes les
espèces, et on suppose qu'ils constituent une des premières
phases du tissu de la peau comprenant le derme et l'épiderse. The length and number of vessels contained varies
considerably depending on the species. However, the fabric
connective and Wharton's jelly are common to all
species, and are assumed to be one of the first
phases of the skin tissue comprising the dermis and the epiderse.
On constate , par exemple , que les fibres de la tunique
musculaire de tous les cordons ombilicaux jointes à des
réactions vasomotrices externes , ont pour unique fonction
celle consistant à déclancher l'oblitération spontanée de
la lumière vasculaire dans les minutes qui suivent la
parturition.Cette oblitération se poursuit conjointement avee
la disparition de la gelée de Tarton dans le cordon
Toutes ces considérations ont permis de mettre au point un
nouveau procédé de traitement des tissus ombilicaux afin de
les utiliser comme base d'un derme et d'un épiderme détruit
La présente invention concerne à cet effet un nouveau procédé å de préparationd reffonde peau caractérisé par l'emploi et le
traitement d'un tissu conjonctif natif non programmé prélevé
cordon ombilical , que l'on retourne, pour le débarasser
de toute artère et veine #, que l'on dilate ,
coupe, incise et expansqde façon à créer un filet plan qui sera
-congelé dans la gelée de Wliarton , afin d'strie greffe
ultérieurement , pour servir de base au derme et à l'épiderme
de la peau
Ce nouveau procédé présente de nombreux
avantages et notamment
- une grande possibilité d'intervention sur les
malades quelle que soit la surface de la peau à remplacer.We see, for example, that the fibers of the tunic
muscle of all umbilical cords joined to
external vasomotor reactions, have the sole function
that of triggering the spontaneous obliteration of
vascular light within minutes of
parturition. This obliteration continues jointly with
the disappearance of Tarton jelly in the cord
All these considerations have made it possible to develop a
new process for treating umbilical tissue to
use them as the basis for a destroyed dermis and epidermis
To this end, the present invention relates to a new process å for the preparation of skin plump characterized by the use and
treatment of non-programmed native connective tissue removed
umbilical cord, which is turned over, to get rid of it
of any artery and vein #, which we dilate,
cuts, cuts and expands to create a flat mesh that will
- frozen in Wliarton jelly, in order to streak graft
later, to serve as a base for the dermis and epidermis
skin
This new process has many
advantages and in particular
- a large possibility of intervention on
patients regardless of the surface of the skin to be replaced.
- une souplesse d'utilisation dans la mesure ou
le tissu conjonctif d'un cordon ombilical est accepté par
tous les patients quelles que soient les origines de chacun.- flexibility of use to the extent or
the connective tissue of an umbilical cord is accepted by
all patients regardless of their origins.
- la possibilité de créer une banque de peau
conservée basse température de congélation
- un taux de réussite élevé
- l'obtention d'un tissu cutané et conjonctif
dont la valeur et l'identité sont semblables à celles de
l'individu accepteur
- une grande qualité fibroplastique
- un réseau vasculaire qui s'établit rapidement entre le nouveau tissu. naissant et greffé et le tissu déjà existant
L'invention sera mieux comprise grtce à l'exemple de réalisation et aux dessins-annexés qui ne sont donnés qu'à titre indicatif et non limitatif.- the possibility of creating a skin bank
kept at low freezing temperature
- a high success rate
- obtaining a cutaneous and connective tissue
whose value and identity are similar to those of
the accepting individual
- high fibroplastic quality
- a vascular network which is quickly established between the new tissue. nascent and grafted and the existing tissue
The invention will be better understood thanks to the embodiment and the accompanying drawings which are given for information only and not limitative.
Les figures 1 , 2 , 3 représentent le retournement et l'expansion du cordon ombilical découpé en une seule bande et transformé en filet de greffage. Figures 1, 2, 3 show the turning and expansion of the umbilical cord cut into a single strip and transformed into a grafting net.
En se reportant à la figure 1 et suivant une caractéristiqu importante de l'invention , le cordon ombilical (1) comporte de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur un tissu. amniotique (12) , recouvert d'un tissu. conjonctif lache imprégné de gelée de
Wharton (2) . A l'intérieur du cordon , on a dessiné ,les artères (10) et la veine (9) ombilicale. Dans une première étape, le cordon (1) prélevé a été obturé à Sa partie supérieure par une pince (3) de façon à créer une poche
A sa partie inférieure , ce cordon a été fixé à une canule (4) au moyen d'un ligament (11) .La canule (4) comporte un orifice (8) prolongé par un conduit (5) raccordé à une source de gaz comprimé inerte et aseptisé
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention , ainsi qu'il est représenté à la figure 2 a le cordon ombilical (1) a subit une dilatation au moyen de l'injection d'air provenant de l'orifice (8) situé sur la canule (4) . Cette dilatation permet d'expanser le tissu conjonctif (1 ) imprégné de gelée de Wharton (2) et d'isoler la veine (9) et l'artère ombilicale (10)
Suivant une caractéristique importante de l'invention , la figure 3 représente le retournement du cordon ombilical à la façon d'une manche .La canule (4) sur laquelle est fixé le cordon ombilical (1) au moyen de la brid a reçu une série de tubes emboitables (7) dont le nombre et les dimensions sont fonction de la longueur du cordon . On a ensuite enfoncé la canule (4) dans le cordon ombilical dilaté , après avoir Oté la pince obturatrice (3) . Dans son mouvement ascentionnel 2 la canule (4) poussée par les tiges guides a entrainé le retournement des tissus du cordon (i) de façon b faire apparattre la gelée de Wbarton (2) à l'extérieur
La pellicule amniotique constitusnt maintenant l'intdrieur du tube ;; le retournement est pratiqué tout le long du cordon jusqu'au niveau (19) . Dans cette position a le cordon est alors débarrassé des veine(9) et artère (io) ombilicales qui apparaissent extérieurement
Le cordon est ensuite fendu sur toute sa longueur et transformé en une bande de grande largeur
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invtntion , on a représenté sur la figure 4 le traitement de la bande (1) correspondant an tissu conjonctif du cordon imprégnée de la gelée de Wharton (2) . Cette bande est introduite entre deux cylindres (13) tournant sur un axa et formant laminoir.Ces cylindres sont extérieurement rainurés de manière à former une multitude de croix (15) apparaissant en relief et générant des incisions
La bande (1) du cordon ombilical et sa gelée de Wharton sont introduites entre les cylindres (13) du laminoir m#5 par la manivelle (14) . A la sortie du laminoir (13) , la bande du cordon ombilical (1) apparat sous forme d'un ruban portant une multitude d'incisions (17) en forme de croix.Après étirage , ce ruban constitue un filet qui
peut titre stockt-avec sa gelée de Wharton 4 la basse température
- de congélation
Lorsque l'on est appelé à pratiquer une greffe de peau sur
un patient qui a été brdlé au: 3e me degré g on
utilise la technique suivante : la surface atteinte est
débarrassée de l'épiderme et iu derme puis délimitée
géometriquement .On applique ensuite sur toute la surface
affectée soit un filet ptréalablement préparé la. gelée dé
tUMarton tournée Vers l-a plaie soit une suspension micellaire
du tissu conjonctif ombilical . Le tissu conjonctif
du cordon ombilical transformé en filet est découpé suivant une
surface dont les cotés (16) sont directement soudés au tissu
conjonctif du derme de la peau restée saine
Le tissu, conjonctif du cordon g alimenté par la gelée de Whart
est innervé et vascularisé par la peau restée indemne de
l'individu et génère un nouveau derme et un nouvel épiderme ayant les mêmes caractéristiques que ceux de l'individu
accepteur
Dans un autre mode d'utilisation on broie le cordon ombilical et la gelée ede Warton congelée à basse tempéra- ture. La poudre ainsi obtenue à la température de congélation est diluée dans du sérum physiologique aseptisé afin d'obtenir une suspension micellaire
Cette gelée est applicable directement sur la plaie à cicatriser de l'individu . On peut conserver cette suspension micellaire à basse température en aJoutant
I o d'oxyouinoléine. Referring to Figure 1 and according to an important characteristic of the invention, the umbilical cord (1) comprises from the outside towards the inside a fabric. amniotic (12), covered with tissue. loose connective impregnated with jelly
Wharton (2). Inside the cord, we have drawn the arteries (10) and the umbilical vein (9). In a first step, the bead (1) taken was closed at its upper part by pliers (3) so as to create a pocket
At its lower part, this cord was fixed to a cannula (4) by means of a ligament (11). The cannula (4) has an orifice (8) extended by a conduit (5) connected to a gas source. inert and sanitized tablet
According to another characteristic of the invention, as shown in Figure 2 a the umbilical cord (1) has undergone expansion by means of the injection of air from the orifice (8) located on the cannula (4). This dilation makes it possible to expand the connective tissue (1) impregnated with Wharton jelly (2) and to isolate the vein (9) and the umbilical artery (10)
According to an important characteristic of the invention, Figure 3 shows the inversion of the umbilical cord like a sleeve. The cannula (4) on which is fixed the umbilical cord (1) by means of the bridle has received a series of nestable tubes (7) the number and dimensions of which depend on the length of the cord. The cannula (4) was then pushed into the dilated umbilical cord, after removing the obturator (3). In its upward movement 2 the cannula (4) pushed by the guide rods caused the upturn of the cord tissue (i) so as to cause Wbarton jelly (2) to appear outside
The amniotic film now constitutes the interior of the tube; the inversion is practiced all along the cord up to the level (19). In this position the cord is then rid of the umbilical vein (9) and artery (io) which appear externally
The cord is then split over its entire length and made into a very wide strip
According to another characteristic of the invention, FIG. 4 shows the treatment of the band (1) corresponding to the connective tissue of the cord impregnated with Wharton jelly (2). This strip is introduced between two cylinders (13) rotating on an axa and forming a rolling mill. These cylinders are externally grooved so as to form a multitude of crosses (15) appearing in relief and generating incisions
The strip (1) of the umbilical cord and its Wharton jelly are introduced between the rolls (13) of the rolling mill m # 5 by the crank (14). At the exit of the rolling mill (13), the band of the umbilical cord (1) appears in the form of a ribbon carrying a multitude of incisions (17) in the form of a cross. After stretching, this ribbon constitutes a thread which
can title stockt-with its Wharton 4 jelly low temperature
- freezing
When you are called upon to perform a skin graft on
a patient who was burned to: 3rd degree g on
uses the following technique: the surface reached is
rid of the epidermis and dermis then delimited
geometrically. Then apply over the entire surface
affected is a filet prepared beforehand. jelly
TUMarton turned Towards the wound, a micellar suspension
umbilical connective tissue. Connective tissue
of the umbilical cord transformed into a net is cut according to a
surface whose sides (16) are directly welded to the fabric
connective tissue dermis remained healthy
The connective tissue of cord g fed by Whart's jelly
is innervated and vascularized by the skin which remains free from
the individual and generates a new dermis and a new epidermis having the same characteristics as those of the individual
acceptor
In another mode of use, the umbilical cord is crushed and the frozen Warton jelly frozen at low temperature. The powder thus obtained at freezing temperature is diluted in aseptic physiological serum in order to obtain a micellar suspension
This jelly is directly applicable on the healing wound of the individual. This micellar suspension can be kept at low temperature by adding
I o of oxyouinolein.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8406937A FR2563727B3 (en) | 1984-05-04 | 1984-05-04 | NOVEL PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SKIN GRAFT FROM A NATIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8406937A FR2563727B3 (en) | 1984-05-04 | 1984-05-04 | NOVEL PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SKIN GRAFT FROM A NATIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2563727A1 true FR2563727A1 (en) | 1985-11-08 |
| FR2563727B3 FR2563727B3 (en) | 1987-05-07 |
Family
ID=9303696
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8406937A Expired FR2563727B3 (en) | 1984-05-04 | 1984-05-04 | NOVEL PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SKIN GRAFT FROM A NATIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2563727B3 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1314440A3 (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-06-25 | Nipro Corporation | Cultured skin and method of maufacturing the same |
| WO2008021391A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-21 | Anthrogenesis Corporation | Umbilical cord biomaterial for medical use |
| WO2008042441A1 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-10 | Anthrogenesis Corporation | Use of umbilical cord biomaterial for ocular surgery |
| WO2011120535A1 (en) | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-06 | Histocell, S.L. | New biomaterial from wharton's jelly umbilical cord |
-
1984
- 1984-05-04 FR FR8406937A patent/FR2563727B3/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1314440A3 (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-06-25 | Nipro Corporation | Cultured skin and method of maufacturing the same |
| US6916655B2 (en) | 2001-11-22 | 2005-07-12 | Nipro Corporation | Cultured skin and method of manufacturing the same |
| WO2008021391A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-21 | Anthrogenesis Corporation | Umbilical cord biomaterial for medical use |
| US8105634B2 (en) | 2006-08-15 | 2012-01-31 | Anthrogenesis Corporation | Umbilical cord biomaterial for medical use |
| WO2008042441A1 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-10 | Anthrogenesis Corporation | Use of umbilical cord biomaterial for ocular surgery |
| WO2011120535A1 (en) | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-06 | Histocell, S.L. | New biomaterial from wharton's jelly umbilical cord |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2563727B3 (en) | 1987-05-07 |
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