FR2547916A1 - Method for measuring the displacement of a feeler in space - Google Patents
Method for measuring the displacement of a feeler in space Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2547916A1 FR2547916A1 FR8310549A FR8310549A FR2547916A1 FR 2547916 A1 FR2547916 A1 FR 2547916A1 FR 8310549 A FR8310549 A FR 8310549A FR 8310549 A FR8310549 A FR 8310549A FR 2547916 A1 FR2547916 A1 FR 2547916A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- measuring
- displacement
- points
- coordinates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé nouveau pour mesurer les déplace- ments du palpeur d'un banc de mesure. The invention relates to a new method for measuring the movements of the probe of a measuring bench.
Dans un banc de mesure classique, le déplacement du palpeur se fait au moyen de trois glissières perpendiculaires entre elles et la lecture des cotes du centre de la bille du palpeur se fait par la lecture du déplacement de chacune des trois glissières. In a conventional measuring bench, the displacement of the probe is done by means of three perpendicular slides between them and the reading of the dimensions of the center of the ball of the probe is done by reading the displacement of each of the three slides.
II est clair que dans ces conditions, les coordonnées du palpeur ne seront obtenues de façon précise que si les glissières n'ont pas de jeu, ne flèchissent pas et sont parfaitement perpendiculaires entre elles. It is clear that under these conditions, the coordinates of the probe will be obtained in a precise manner only if the slides have no play, do not bend and are perfectly perpendicular to each other.
Ainsi, dans le banc de mesure correspondant à la figure (1)
I'exactitude de la mesure du déplacement relatif du palpeur par rapport au modèle suivant l'axe des X ne sern obtenue que sous réserve:
1/ que le palpeur ne subisse pas de torsion autour de l'axe des Y.Thus, in the measurement bench corresponding to figure (1)
The accuracy of the measurement of the relative displacement of the probe relative to the model along the X axis is only obtained subject to:
1 / that the probe does not undergo torsion around the Y axis.
2/ qu'entre B et C, la glissière des Y n'ait pas de jeu. 2 / that between B and C, the slide of the Y has no play.
3/ qu'entre D et C, le bras horizontal n'ait pas de flexion
horizontale.3 / that between D and C, the horizontal arm has no bending
horizontal.
4/ qu'entre D et E, la charnière des Z n'ait pas de jeu latéral. 4 / that between D and E, the hinge of the Z has no lateral play.
5/ qu'entre E et F, le bras horizontal n'ait pas de flexion latérale. 5 / that between E and F, the horizontal arm has no lateral flexion.
Pour obtenir des précisions correctes avec des déplacements relativement importants du palpeur, les constructeurs sont amenés à prévoir des batits très rigides, donc chers et de grande inertie et des glissières de grande précision.In order to obtain correct precision with relatively large displacements of the probe, the manufacturers are required to provide very rigid, therefore expensive and very inertial structures and high-precision slides.
La présente invention consiste à mesurer la position du palpeur indépendamment de la cinématique qui l'anime. The present invention consists in measuring the position of the probe independently of the kinematics which animates it.
Elle concerne un procédé de mesure de déplacement d'un palpeur dans l'espace, ledit palpeur étant associé a' au moins un point de repère (O) caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste, pour déterminer une position donnée dudit palpeur (P) - à déterminer les distances dudit point de référence à trois points
fixes (ABC). It relates to a method of measuring the displacement of a probe in space, said probe being associated with at least one reference point (O) characterized in that it consists, in order to determine a given position of said probe (P) - to determine the distances from said reference point to three points
fixed (ABC).
- à résoudre par le calcul un système de trois équations du second degré,
ehacune étant du type
(xi - xo)2 + (yi - yo)2 + (zi w zo)2 = di2
ob les indices i et o représentent respectivement l'un des points fixes
et ledit point de repère et ou di est la distance correspondante
mesuree, et - à en déduire les coordonnées du palpeur,
La position du palpeur est matérialisée (fig. 2) par deux rotules alignées sur la bille du palpeur P. Ces deux rotules constitueni les points de repère précités.- to solve by calculation a system of three quadratic equations,
each being of the type
(xi - xo) 2 + (yi - yo) 2 + (zi w zo) 2 = di2
ob the indices i and o respectively represent one of the fixed points
and said landmark and or di is the corresponding distance
measure, and - to deduce the coordinates of the probe,
The position of the probe is shown (fig. 2) by two ball joints aligned with the ball of probe P. These two ball joints constitute the aforementioned reference points.
On mesure par triangulation la position de chacune des rotules
O et O' par la mesure des distances entre O et trois points fixes du banc d'une part, entre O' et trois autres points fixes du banc d'autre part.We measure by triangulation the position of each ball joint
O and O 'by measuring the distances between O and three fixed points on the bank on the one hand, between O' and three other fixed points on the bank on the other hand.
Soient A B C les trois points fixes correspondant à O et
A' B' C' les trois points fixes correspondant à O'.Let ABC be the three fixed points corresponding to O and
A 'B' C 'the three fixed points corresponding to O'.
II est clair que si l'on mesure les distances AO - BO - CO et
A' - B' - O' et C' O' les positions de O et O' seront obtenues par la résolution de deux groupes de trois équations du second degré. O' O et P étant alignés, la position de P s'obtiendra directement à partir des coordonnées de O et O'.It is clear that if we measure the distances AO - BO - CO and
A '- B' - O 'and C' O 'the positions of O and O' will be obtained by solving two groups of three quadratic equations. O 'O and P being aligned, the position of P will be obtained directly from the coordinates of O and O'.
Le premier groupe d'équations est le suivant
(xa - xo)2 + (ya - yo)2 + (za - zo)2 = AO2
(xb - xo)2 + (yb - yo)2 + (zb - zo)2 = QB2
(xc - xo)2 + (yc - yo)2 + (zc - zo)2 = OC2 xa ya za, xb yb zb etc... étant les coordonnées cartésiennes de
A B et C.The first group of equations is as follows
(xa - xo) 2 + (ya - yo) 2 + (za - zo) 2 = AO2
(xb - xo) 2 + (yb - yo) 2 + (zb - zo) 2 = QB2
(xc - xo) 2 + (yc - yo) 2 + (zc - zo) 2 = OC2 xa ya za, xb yb zb etc ... being the Cartesian coordinates of
AB and C.
La résolution de ces équations correspondant géométriquement à
I'intersection de trois sphères, il n'y aura que deux solutions. The solution of these equations geometrically corresponding to
The intersection of three spheres, there will only be two solutions.
L'une d'elles sera éliminée, la triangulation étant conçue pour que l'une des solutions soit en dehors du déplacement possible du palpeur.One of them will be eliminated, the triangulation being designed so that one of the solutions is outside the possible displacement of the probe.
Les coordonnées cartésiennes du palpeur peuvent être lues avec rapidité et directement par l'intermédiaire de l'interface d'un calculateur étudié pour résoudre les équations précédentes. The Cartesian coordinates of the probe can be read quickly and directly via the interface of a computer studied to solve the previous equations.
Les points O O' ABC et A'B'C' peuvent être matérialisés par des rotules sphériques. The points O O 'ABC and A'B'C' can be materialized by spherical ball joints.
Mécaniquement, les distances OA - OB etc... peuvent être déterminées par un système de deux tubes coulissants (a et b fig. 3), une règle optique étant solidaire de l'un des tubes et le lecteur de la rbgle optique étant solidaire de l'autre tube. Mechanically, the distances OA - OB etc ... can be determined by a system of two sliding tubes (a and b fig. 3), an optical rule being integral with one of the tubes and the reader of the optical rbgle being integral from the other tube.
Les deux tubes sont maintenus en extension par un ressort interne ou un vérin sur les deux rotules, le contact se faisant par portée sphérique ou torique. The two tubes are held in extension by an internal spring or a jack on the two ball joints, the contact being made by spherical or toric bearing.
Les portées spheriques et le ressort permettent au tube coulissant de se centrer automatiquement sur les rotules, sans qu'une autre liaison mécanique soit nécessaire pour maintenir le tube en position. The spherical bearings and the spring allow the sliding tube to center automatically on the ball joints, without another mechanical connection being necessary to maintain the tube in position.
Les angles des directions OA - OB - OC et O'A' - O'B' - O'C' entre elles seront déterminées de façon à rester dans certaines limites de façon à obtenir sur les trois coordonnées de P et P' une précision du même ordre de grandeur que la précision sur OA - OB etc... The angles of the directions OA - OB - OC and O'A '- O'B' - O'C 'between them will be determined so as to remain within certain limits so as to obtain precision on the three coordinates of P and P' of the same order of magnitude as the precision on OA - OB etc ...
II est à noter que la direction de glissement de la règle optique peut ne pas être parallèle à l'axe passant par les centres des rotules (fig .4). It should be noted that the sliding direction of the optical rule may not be parallel to the axis passing through the centers of the ball joints (fig. 4).
Un calcul simple montre en effet que si ces deux directions ne sont pas parallèles, la distance OA se déduit de la distance mesurée
OH par la résolution de l'équation;
OA2 = OH2 + HA2, HA étant une constante du système.A simple calculation indeed shows that if these two directions are not parallel, the distance OA is deduced from the measured distance
OH by solving the equation;
OA2 = OH2 + HA2, HA being a system constant.
On peut concevoir tout autre moyen de calculer OA, OB etc.*. One can conceive any other means of calculating OA, OB etc. *.
sans changer l'esprit de l'invention. without changing the spirit of the invention.
Il est possible notamment d'envisager la mesure de ces distances sans qu'il y ait liaison mécanique, par exemple au moyen de lunettes optiques ou de télémètre laser. It is possible in particular to envisage the measurement of these distances without there being a mechanical connection, for example by means of optical glasses or laser rangefinder.
On remarque également que dans le cas ou le montage du palpeur est suffisamment rigide angulairement, il suffira de calculer la position d'une seule référence du palpeur (par exemple O). It is also noted that in the case where the mounting of the probe is sufficiently angularly angular, it will suffice to calculate the position of a single reference of the probe (for example O).
L'vn des avantages de notre invention est le suivant :
Si le batit du banc est amené à se modifier légèrement, soit sous l'effet du vieillissement, soit sous l'effet de contraintes tbermiques, il suffira de re-6talonner les positions des six points fixes au début de la mesure et de les reprogrammer dans le calculateur pour obtenir un résultat précis. One of the advantages of our invention is as follows:
If the bench frame is brought to change slightly, either under the effect of aging, or under the effect of tbermic constraints, it will suffice to re-calibrate the positions of the six fixed points at the start of the measurement and to reprogram them in the calculator to get an accurate result.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8310549A FR2547916A1 (en) | 1983-06-27 | 1983-06-27 | Method for measuring the displacement of a feeler in space |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8310549A FR2547916A1 (en) | 1983-06-27 | 1983-06-27 | Method for measuring the displacement of a feeler in space |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2547916A1 true FR2547916A1 (en) | 1984-12-28 |
Family
ID=9290183
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8310549A Withdrawn FR2547916A1 (en) | 1983-06-27 | 1983-06-27 | Method for measuring the displacement of a feeler in space |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2547916A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3629689A1 (en) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-03-12 | Ferranti Plc | POSITION MEASURING DEVICE |
EP0216041A3 (en) * | 1985-08-01 | 1988-11-30 | Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company | Process and device for measuring an object in three dimensions |
EP0329635A3 (en) * | 1988-02-18 | 1990-05-02 | C.E. Johansson Ab | Method for determining positional errors and for compensating for such errors, and apparatus for carrying out the method |
US5909939A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1999-06-08 | Leitz-Brown & Sharpe Messtechnik Gmbh | High accuracy coordinate measuring machine having a plurality of length-adjustable legs |
NL1017290C2 (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-07 | Ron Van Belkom B V | Measuring device for door or window opening, used to make doors and windows to size, has frame defining axis from which distance to opening periphery is measured |
-
1983
- 1983-06-27 FR FR8310549A patent/FR2547916A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0216041A3 (en) * | 1985-08-01 | 1988-11-30 | Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company | Process and device for measuring an object in three dimensions |
DE3629689A1 (en) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-03-12 | Ferranti Plc | POSITION MEASURING DEVICE |
EP0329635A3 (en) * | 1988-02-18 | 1990-05-02 | C.E. Johansson Ab | Method for determining positional errors and for compensating for such errors, and apparatus for carrying out the method |
US5909939A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1999-06-08 | Leitz-Brown & Sharpe Messtechnik Gmbh | High accuracy coordinate measuring machine having a plurality of length-adjustable legs |
NL1017290C2 (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-07 | Ron Van Belkom B V | Measuring device for door or window opening, used to make doors and windows to size, has frame defining axis from which distance to opening periphery is measured |
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