FR2535406A1 - Turbine for harnessing of the energy of fluids in motion, especially of wind energy - Google Patents
Turbine for harnessing of the energy of fluids in motion, especially of wind energy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2535406A1 FR2535406A1 FR8218300A FR8218300A FR2535406A1 FR 2535406 A1 FR2535406 A1 FR 2535406A1 FR 8218300 A FR8218300 A FR 8218300A FR 8218300 A FR8218300 A FR 8218300A FR 2535406 A1 FR2535406 A1 FR 2535406A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- turbine
- blades
- axis
- energy
- rotation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
- F03D3/061—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
- F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
- F05B2240/212—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Darrieus type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
- F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
- F05B2240/213—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Savonius type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne le domaine des dispositifs capteurs d'énergie, en particulier des turbines éoliennes, et a pour objet une turbine de captation de l'énergie de fluides en mouvement, en particulier de 1'é- nergie éolienne. The present invention relates to the field of energy sensing devices, in particular wind turbines, and relates to a turbine for capturing the energy of moving fluids, in particular wind energy.
Il existe actuellement divers types de capteurs pour l'énergie éolienne, qui se présentent sous forme de turbines munies d'aubes montées sur un axe et reliées ou non entre elles par un canal de passage de l'air. There are currently various types of sensors for wind energy, which are in the form of turbines provided with blades mounted on an axis and connected or not connected by an air passage channel.
Ces turbines connues permettent l'obtention de résultats acceptables mais présentent, cependant, un faible rendement dû à leur forme. En effet, les aubes de ces turbines sont généralement constituées par des surfaces semi-cylindriques assemblées entre elles sur l'axe de rotation, avec un décalage correspondant à la section d'entrée du fluide dans lesdites aubes, de sorte que leur volume utile est relativement important pour une section d'aube donnée, e t que leur coefficient de trainée est élevé. These known turbines make it possible to obtain acceptable results but, however, have a low yield due to their shape. In fact, the blades of these turbines are generally constituted by semi-cylindrical surfaces assembled together on the axis of rotation, with a shift corresponding to the section of entry of the fluid into said blades, so that their useful volume is relatively large for a given blade section, and that their drag coefficient is high.
La présente invention a pour but de pallier ces inconvénients. The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
Elle a, en effet, pour objet une turbine de captation de l'énergie de fluides en mouvement, en particulier de l'énergie éolienne, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est essentiellement constituée par deux aubes en volume solidairf d'un axe de rotation, symétriques par rapport audit axe de rotation, présentant chacune une section plane hyperbo loidale, qui s'étend avantageusement sur un angle au centre légèrement inférieur à 1800, et une section droite sensiblement elliptique en projection plane, ces aubes étant assemblées entre elles avec décalage au niveau de leur plan de jonction, de manière à réaliser deux ouvertures en forme de croissant dont les extrémités se rétrécissent pour former un canal de section semi-circulaire à chaque point de jonction entre les sections. It has, in fact, for its object a turbine for capturing the energy of moving fluids, in particular wind energy, characterized in that it is essentially constituted by two blades in volume integral with an axis of rotation , symmetrical with respect to said axis of rotation, each having a planar hyperbo loidal section, which advantageously extends over an angle at the center slightly less than 1800, and a straight section substantially elliptical in planar projection, these blades being assembled together with offset at their junction plane, so as to make two crescent-shaped openings whose ends narrow to form a semicircular section channel at each junction point between the sections.
L'invention sera mieux comprise grâce à la description ci-après, qui se rapporte à des modes de réalisation préférés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, et
expliqués avec référence aux dessins schématiques annexés,
dans lesquels
la figure 1 est une vue en élévation frontale d'une
turbine conforme à l'invention
la figure 2 est une vue en plan et en coupe de la turbine
suivant la figure l ;
la figure 3 est une vue en perspective, à plus grande
échelle, de la turbine, et
la figure 4 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 1
d'une variante de réalisation de l'invention.The invention will be better understood from the description below, which relates to preferred embodiments, given by way of nonlimiting examples, and
explained with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings,
wherein
Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a
turbine according to the invention
Figure 2 is a plan view in section of the turbine
according to figure l;
Figure 3 is a perspective view, on a larger scale
scale, turbine, and
Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 1
of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Conformément à l'invention, et comme le montrent
plus particulièrement, à titre d'exemple, les figures 1 et
2 des dessins annexés, la-turbine de captation de l'éner-
gie de fluides en mouvement, en particulier de l'énergie
éolienne, est essentiellement constituée par deux aubes
en volume 1 solidaires d'un axe de rotation 2, et symé
triques par rapport audit axe 2.According to the invention, and as shown
more particularly, by way of example, FIGS. 1 and
2 of the accompanying drawings, the turbine for capturing the energy
moving fluids, especially energy
wind turbine, is essentially constituted by two blades
in volume 1 secured to an axis of rotation 2, and symmetrical
triques in relation to said axis 2.
Chaque aube 1 présente avantageusement une section
plane hyperboloîdale (figure 2) qui s'étend avantageusement sur un angle au centre légèrement inférieur à 1800, et une
section droite sensiblement elliptique en projection
plane.Each blade 1 advantageously has a section
hyperboloidal plane (Figure 2) which advantageously extends over an angle at the center slightly less than 1800, and a
cross section substantially elliptical in projection
plane.
Ces aubes 1 sont assemblées entre elles avec déca
lage au niveau de leur plan de jonction, de manière à
réaliser deux ouvertures 3 en forme de croissant, présen
tant chacune à ses extrémités des rétrécissements 4 formant chacun un canal de section semi-circulaire débouchant à l'intérieur du volume délimité par les aubes 1.These blades 1 are assembled together with deca
lage at their junction plane, so that
make two crescent-shaped openings 3, present
as each at its ends of the narrowing 4 each forming a semicircular section channel opening inside the volume delimited by the blades 1.
La turbine ainsi obtenue est constituée par un en
semble de courbes mathématiques partant, soit d'un cercle, soit d'une ellipse, permettant la réalisation d'aubes de forme très aérodynamique et donc un rendement élevé.The turbine thus obtained is constituted by a
seems to be mathematical curves starting either from a circle or from an ellipse, allowing the realization of blades of very aerodynamic shape and therefore a high efficiency.
Conformément à une caractéristique de l'invention, la surface intérieure de chaque aube 1 se rétrécie en continu vers l'intérieur de manière à augmenter la vitesse du fluide en mouvement dans la turbine. According to a characteristic of the invention, the interior surface of each blade 1 continuously narrows inwardly so as to increase the speed of the fluid in motion in the turbine.
Du fait que chaque aube 1 est constituée par une portion de spirale de forme hyperbololdale s'étendant en section horizontale sur une portion de surface présentant un angle au centre de préférence légèrement inférieur à 180 , le fluide contenu à l'intérieur de -la turbine peut s'échapper de manière correcte. Because each blade 1 is constituted by a spiral portion of hyperbololdal shape extending in horizontal section over a surface portion having an angle at the center preferably slightly less than 180, the fluid contained inside the turbine can escape properly.
En outre, comme le montre la figure 3, du fait que les aubes 1 ne s'étendent pas sur un angle de 180 , un angle aigu existe entre le plan passant par l'extrémité éloignée de l'axe 2 de l'une des aubes 1 et l'extrémité proche dudit axe 2 de l'autre aube 1, de sorte que le passage d'air dans la sortie du fluide de la turbine est favorisé. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, because the blades 1 do not extend over an angle of 180, an acute angle exists between the plane passing through the end distant from the axis 2 of one of the blades 1 and the end close to said axis 2 of the other blade 1, so that the passage of air in the fluid outlet of the turbine is favored.
Conformément à une variante de réalisation de l'invention, non représentée aux dessins annexés, il est également possible de réaliser une turbine dont les aubes s'étendent sur un angle au centre de 180 . According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, not shown in the accompanying drawings, it is also possible to produce a turbine whose blades extend over an angle at the center of 180.
En outre, à encombrement égal, la turbine conforme à l'invention présente un canal 5 d'écoulement du fluide nettement plus grand que celui des turbines existantes de ce type, et du fait que son diamètre est plus grand que celui d'une turbine de section verticale carrée ou rectangulaire correspondante, le couple moteur est plus important. Enfin, les volumes en rotation des aubes 1 présentant une forme aérodynamique très favorable, donc un faible coefficient de traînée, le rendement de la turbine est nettement amélioré par rapport à celui des turbines existantes de ce type. In addition, with equal dimensions, the turbine according to the invention has a fluid flow channel 5 significantly larger than that of existing turbines of this type, and because its diameter is larger than that of a turbine. with a corresponding square or rectangular vertical section, the engine torque is greater. Finally, the rotating volumes of the blades 1 having a very favorable aerodynamic shape, therefore a low coefficient of drag, the efficiency of the turbine is significantly improved compared to that of existing turbines of this type.
La turbine conforme à l'invention fonctionne de la manière suivante
L'air pénètre dans une ouverture 3 entre deux aubes 1 et exerce une pression sur la face intérieure de l'aube correspondante, sur laquelle il est mis en turbulence de sorte que la vitesse ainsi acquise à l'intérieur du volume de la turbine permet une réaction sur la face intérieure opposée de l'autre aube avant de s'échapper par l'ouverture 3 de cette dernière. Ce mouvement de l'air dans la turbine a donc pour effet de faire tourner cette dernière autour de son axe, les effets de réaction et d'augmentation du couple dus à la forme des aubes permettant une amélioration du rendement.The turbine according to the invention operates in the following manner
The air enters an opening 3 between two blades 1 and exerts a pressure on the inner face of the corresponding blade, on which it is put in turbulence so that the speed thus acquired inside the volume of the turbine allows a reaction on the opposite inner face of the other blade before escaping through the opening 3 of the latter. This movement of air in the turbine therefore has the effect of rotating the latter around its axis, the reaction and increase torque effects due to the shape of the blades allowing an improvement in efficiency.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la turbine peut être munie, dans son volume intérieur, au niveau de la liaison entre les aubes 1, intégrés aux parties jointives, du ou des paliers de l'axe de rotation, d'un générateur électrique, ou d'un autre élément mécanique, électrique ou électronique. According to another characteristic of the invention, the turbine can be provided, in its internal volume, at the connection between the blades 1, integrated in the contiguous parts, of the bearing or bearings of the axis of rotation, with a generator electrical, or some other mechanical, electrical or electronic element.
De même, la turbine peut être munie, dans son volume intérieur, d'un élément lumineux sous forme de signal ou de lampe. Un tel mode de réalisation permet l'obtention de turbines éoliennes à usage de signalisation, ou avantageusement artistique ou de décoration. Similarly, the turbine can be provided, in its internal volume, with a light element in the form of a signal or a lamp. Such an embodiment makes it possible to obtain wind turbines for signaling, or advantageously artistic or decorative use.
Conformément à une autre caractéristique de l'invention, et comme le montre la figure 4, la surface des aubes 1 peut être pourvue de piles photovoltalques 6, réparties à l'extérieur et en partie à l'intérieur des aubes, avantageusement intégrées dans la masse de leur corps, et fournissant-une énergie électrique supplémentaire. In accordance with another characteristic of the invention, and as shown in FIG. 4, the surface of the blades 1 can be provided with photovoltaic cells 6, distributed outside and partly inside the blades, advantageously integrated in the mass of their body, and providing additional electrical energy.
Bien entendu, l'invention a été décrite sous forme d'une turbine éolienne. Cependant, cette turbine peut également fonctionner avec d'autres fluides, en particulier avec de l'eau. Of course, the invention has been described in the form of a wind turbine. However, this turbine can also operate with other fluids, in particular with water.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés aux dessins annexés. Des modifications restent possibles, notamment du point de vue de la constitution des divers éléments, ou par-substitution d'équivalents techniques, sans sortir pour autant du domaine de protection de l'invention. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications remain possible, in particular from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements, or by substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8218300A FR2535406B1 (en) | 1982-10-28 | 1982-10-28 | TURBINE FOR CAPTURING THE ENERGY OF MOVING FLUIDS, ESPECIALLY FOR WIND ENERGY |
JP58201850A JPS5993971A (en) | 1982-10-28 | 1983-10-27 | Turbine for collecting kinetic fluid energy, particularly, wind force energy |
FR8418860A FR2574490B2 (en) | 1982-10-28 | 1984-12-07 | TURBINE FOR CAPTURING THE ENERGY OF MOVING FLUIDS, ESPECIALLY FOR WIND ENERGY |
FR8509531A FR2583823B2 (en) | 1982-10-28 | 1985-06-20 | TURBINE FOR CAPTURING THE ENERGY OF MOVING FLUIDS, ESPECIALLY FOR WIND ENERGY |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8218300A FR2535406B1 (en) | 1982-10-28 | 1982-10-28 | TURBINE FOR CAPTURING THE ENERGY OF MOVING FLUIDS, ESPECIALLY FOR WIND ENERGY |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2535406A1 true FR2535406A1 (en) | 1984-05-04 |
FR2535406B1 FR2535406B1 (en) | 1986-10-03 |
Family
ID=9278801
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8218300A Expired FR2535406B1 (en) | 1982-10-28 | 1982-10-28 | TURBINE FOR CAPTURING THE ENERGY OF MOVING FLUIDS, ESPECIALLY FOR WIND ENERGY |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5993971A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2535406B1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2574490A2 (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1986-06-13 | Lepoix Louis | Turbine for capturing the energy of fluids in movement, in particular wind energy |
EP0188167A1 (en) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-07-23 | Louis L. Lepoix | Rotor for the conversion of moving-fluids energy, particularly wind energy |
FR2583823A2 (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1986-12-26 | Lepoix Louis | Turbine for capturing the energy of moving fluids, in particular wind energy |
WO1997037125A1 (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1997-10-09 | Firooz Kita | Wind power generator |
US7453167B2 (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-11-18 | Micah Gilbert | Solar windmill |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR430879A (en) * | 1911-06-10 | 1911-10-26 | Louis Andre Lefrancois | Rotating illuminated sign |
US3941504A (en) * | 1974-08-28 | 1976-03-02 | Snarbach Henry C | Wind powered rotating device |
US4005947A (en) * | 1975-02-10 | 1977-02-01 | Norton Joseph R | Fluid operated rotor |
DE2734938A1 (en) * | 1977-08-03 | 1979-02-22 | Rudolf Cammann | Wind turbine generator with horizontal axis - uses solar radiation and anemometer-type blades to turn rotors on army to use Magnus effect |
CA1119961A (en) * | 1977-02-21 | 1982-03-16 | Colin C. Kerr | Vertical axis windmill rotor |
-
1982
- 1982-10-28 FR FR8218300A patent/FR2535406B1/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-10-27 JP JP58201850A patent/JPS5993971A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR430879A (en) * | 1911-06-10 | 1911-10-26 | Louis Andre Lefrancois | Rotating illuminated sign |
US3941504A (en) * | 1974-08-28 | 1976-03-02 | Snarbach Henry C | Wind powered rotating device |
US4005947A (en) * | 1975-02-10 | 1977-02-01 | Norton Joseph R | Fluid operated rotor |
CA1119961A (en) * | 1977-02-21 | 1982-03-16 | Colin C. Kerr | Vertical axis windmill rotor |
DE2734938A1 (en) * | 1977-08-03 | 1979-02-22 | Rudolf Cammann | Wind turbine generator with horizontal axis - uses solar radiation and anemometer-type blades to turn rotors on army to use Magnus effect |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2574490A2 (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1986-06-13 | Lepoix Louis | Turbine for capturing the energy of fluids in movement, in particular wind energy |
FR2583823A2 (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1986-12-26 | Lepoix Louis | Turbine for capturing the energy of moving fluids, in particular wind energy |
EP0188167A1 (en) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-07-23 | Louis L. Lepoix | Rotor for the conversion of moving-fluids energy, particularly wind energy |
WO1997037125A1 (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1997-10-09 | Firooz Kita | Wind power generator |
US7453167B2 (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-11-18 | Micah Gilbert | Solar windmill |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5993971A (en) | 1984-05-30 |
FR2535406B1 (en) | 1986-10-03 |
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