FR2532141A1 - Submerged electroacoustic transducer. - Google Patents
Submerged electroacoustic transducer. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2532141A1 FR2532141A1 FR8214445A FR8214445A FR2532141A1 FR 2532141 A1 FR2532141 A1 FR 2532141A1 FR 8214445 A FR8214445 A FR 8214445A FR 8214445 A FR8214445 A FR 8214445A FR 2532141 A1 FR2532141 A1 FR 2532141A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- envelope
- wall
- external wall
- transducer
- axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- GZPBVLUEICLBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)-3,5-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CN(C)C1=C(C)C=C(O)C=C1C GZPBVLUEICLBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010063493 Premature ageing Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032038 Premature aging Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
- B06B1/0618—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile of piezo- and non-piezoelectric elements, e.g. 'Tonpilz'
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Transducteur électroacoustique immergé
L'invention est relative à un transducteur électroacoustique pour immersion profonde, du type TONPILZ, comprenant un pavillon, un empilage de disques piézoélectriques, et une contre masse, l'ensemble entant solidarisé par un axe de précontrainte. L'ensemble est en outre entour d'une enveloppe souple ayant une paroi interne et une paroi externe de manière à définir une chambre remplie d'un gaz. Un carter, destiné à limiter l'amplitude de l'expansion de l'enveloppe, entoure le dispositif.Submerged electroacoustic transducer
The invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer for deep immersion, of the TONPILZ type, comprising a horn, a stack of piezoelectric discs, and a counter-mass, the whole being secured by a preload axis. The assembly is further surrounded by a flexible envelope having an internal wall and an external wall so as to define a chamber filled with a gas. A casing, intended to limit the amplitude of the expansion of the envelope, surrounds the device.
Un tel transducteur a-ééé décrit dans la demande de brevet fran çais nO 81 01439, déposée le 27 janvier 1981 au nom de la Demanderesse. Such a transducer has been described in the French patent application No. 81 01439, filed on January 27, 1981 in the name of the Applicant.
La figure 1 représente très schématiquement un transducteur du type précité. FIG. 1 very schematically represents a transducer of the aforementioned type.
On distingue l'ensemble moteur 1 (comprenant disques piézoélec- triques, pavillon, contremasse et axe de solidarisation), entouré d'une enveloppe 2 ayant une paroi ou membrane interne 21 et une paroi ou membrane externe 2E. Un carter 3 complète le dispositif
Dans la figure 1, l'intérieur de l'enveloppe est à la pression atmosphérique et l'espace el entre la paroi interne et la paroi externe est choisie la plus faible possible, par exemple 9 millimètre.There is a motor assembly 1 (comprising piezoelectric discs, pavilion, countermass and securing pin), surrounded by an envelope 2 having an internal wall or membrane 21 and an external wall or membrane 2E. A casing 3 completes the device
In FIG. 1, the interior of the envelope is at atmospheric pressure and the space el between the internal wall and the external wall is chosen to be as small as possible, for example 9 millimeters.
Lorsqu'on gonfle l'enveloppe à une pression Po, (par exemple de l'ordre de 10 bars), la paroi externe se colle contre le carter (figure 2). When the envelope is inflated to a pressure Po, (for example of the order of 10 bars), the external wall sticks against the casing (FIG. 2).
Lorsqu'on immerge l'appareil, la pression extérieure (figurée par les flèches) qui s'exerce sur la paroi externe tend à donner à l'enveloppe une forme intermédiaire entre celles des figures 1 et 2, comme celle qui est représentée dans la figure 3. When the apparatus is immersed, the external pressure (represented by the arrows) which is exerted on the external wall tends to give the envelope an intermediate form between those of FIGS. 1 and 2, like that which is represented in the figure 3.
L'immersion maximale possible est celle pour laquelle l'enveloppe retrouve la forme de la figure 1, et cela, pour les raisons exposées ci-arpès. The maximum possible immersion is that for which the envelope regains the shape of FIG. 1, and this, for the reasons explained below.
Si on désigne par PO la pression de remplissage de l'enveloppe à l'air libre et V le volume correspondant de l'enveloppe, par Vi le
o i volume de l'enveloppe dans la configuration de la figure 1 et par PMAX la pression extérieure correspondant à l'immersion maximale, on a la relation Po Vo = PMAX Vi soit
If we designate by PO the filling pressure of the envelope in the open air and V the corresponding volume of the envelope, by Vi the
oi volume of the envelope in the configuration of FIG. 1 and by PMAX the external pressure corresponding to the maximum immersion, there is the relation Po Vo = PMAX Vi either
Pour obtenir la valeur la plus grande de PMAX, il faut augmenter p0, mais sa valeur est limitée par la tenue mécanique de l'enveloppe et du carter ; on peut aussi augmenter VO, mais sa valeur est limitée pour des raisons d'encombrement et de la proximité des autres transducteurs. To obtain the largest value of PMAX, it is necessary to increase p0, but its value is limited by the mechanical strength of the casing and of the casing; VO can also be increased, but its value is limited for reasons of space and the proximity of the other transducers.
On a donc intérêt à diminuer V. le plus possible. La paroi externe doit donc épouser au maximum la forme du transducteur. On a observé qu'en raison des formes du moteur et du carter, l'allongement demandé à l'en- veloppe est différent selon les diverses portions. La figure 4 montre la seule paroi externe 2E dans la position d'origine 2E1 et lorsque l'enve- loppe est gonflée à P , en 2E2. La ligne XX est l'axe de révolution du transducteur. We therefore have an interest in reducing V. as much as possible. The external wall must therefore conform as much as possible to the shape of the transducer. It has been observed that, due to the shapes of the motor and of the casing, the extension requested from the envelope is different according to the various portions. FIG. 4 shows the only external wall 2E in the original position 2E1 and when the envelope is inflated to P, in 2E2. Line XX is the axis of revolution of the transducer.
Pour une pression donnée, dans la zone X1 X'1 la membrane est déjà plaquée sur le carter et aura un diamètre D1, alors que dans la section
X2 X2, la membrane aura un diamètre compris entre D2 et D21.For a given pressure, in the area X1 X'1 the membrane is already pressed against the casing and will have a diameter D1, while in the section
X2 X2, the membrane will have a diameter between D2 and D21.
Le résultat est que l'on obtient des plis, tel que p aux endroits où l'on demande à la membrane de grands allongements. The result is that we obtain folds, such as p at the places where we ask the membrane for great elongations.
Un but de la présente invention est de définir une enveloppe qui ne présente pas cet inconvénient : les plis en effet ne peuvent être tolérées, car ils constituent des accumulations de contrainte qui entrainent un vieillissement prématuré de l'enveloppe. An object of the present invention is to define an envelope which does not have this drawback: the folds in fact cannot be tolerated, since they constitute accumulations of stress which cause premature aging of the envelope.
L'invention a pour objet un transducteur électroaeoustique de puissance pour immersion profonde, du type TONPILZ, comprenant un pavillon, un empilage de disques piézoélectrique et une contremasse, cet ensemble étant solidarisé au moyen d'un axe de précontrainte, ledit ensemble étant entouré d'une enveloppe comportant une paroi interne et une paroi externe élastique délimitant une chambre remplie de gaz, ledit transducteur étant en outre muni d'un carter destiné à limiter l'expan- sion de la paroi externe de l'enveloppe, caractérisé en ce que la paroi externe est rendue partiellement inélastique de telle manière que pour chaque tranche de cette paroi supposée découpée perpendiculairement audit axe de précontrainte, la somme des portions de périmètre de cette paroi restant élastiques soit proportionnelle à l'allongement maximal que subit cette tranche. The subject of the invention is an electro-acoustic power transducer for deep immersion, of the TONPILZ type, comprising a horn, a stack of piezoelectric discs and a countermass, this assembly being secured by means of a preload axis, said assembly being surrounded by an envelope comprising an internal wall and an elastic external wall delimiting a chamber filled with gas, said transducer being furthermore provided with a casing intended to limit the expansion of the external wall of the envelope, characterized in that the outer wall is made partially inelastic so that for each section of this wall assumed to be cut perpendicular to said prestressing axis, the sum of the perimeter portions of this wall remaining elastic is proportional to the maximum elongation that this section undergoes.
En pratique on rend la membrane inélastique partiellement par incorporation de fibres inélastiques telles que des fibres textiles, en divers endroits de la section de membrane. In practice, the membrane is partially made inelastic by incorporating inelastic fibers such as textile fibers, at various places in the membrane section.
La figure 5 représente une section de la membrane externe, d'un diamètre D à l'immersion maximale et de diamètre DMAX hors immersion avec gonflage. Si dx est la longueur unitaire d'un élément de membrane comptée le long du périmètre et N le nombre d'unités armées (-rendues inélastiques), la relation ci-après doit être vérifiée : # - N dx = k (# DMAX - #) (1)
k est un facteur de proportionnalité.FIG. 5 represents a section of the external membrane, of a diameter D at the maximum immersion and of diameter DMAX except immersion with inflation. If dx is the unit length of a membrane element counted along the perimeter and N is the number of armed units (made inelastic), the following relationship must be verified: # - N dx = k (# DMAX - #) (1)
k is a proportionality factor.
On pourra prendre pour la valeur Do de D correspondant à la partie centrale du transducteur (voir figure .4), un nombre N égal à zero, ce qui donnera pour cette zone # Do = k (# Do MAX - # # Do) d'où on tirera le coefficient de proportionnalité k. We can take for the value Do of D corresponding to the central part of the transducer (see figure .4), a number N equal to zero, which will give for this zone # Do = k (# Do MAX - # # Do) d 'where we will draw the proportionality coefficient k.
On observe, dans la figure 5, que les portions qui restent élas tique se dilatent de dy à dyMAX, les portions dx restant de longueur invariable. It is observed, in FIG. 5, that the portions which remain elastic expand from dy to dyMAX, the portions dx remaining of invariable length.
La relation (I)-, vérifiée dans toutes les sections de l'enveloppe, permettra d'obtenir le but recherché,
En pratique, la formule ne sera qu'approximativement vérifie, car on prendra des tranches assez hautes, de manière à simplifier la construction.The relation (I) -, verified in all the sections of the envelope, will make it possible to obtain the desired goal,
In practice, the formula will only be approximately verified, because we will take fairly high sections, so as to simplify the construction.
La figure 6 représente en section par un plan passant par l'axe du transducteur, une demi-enveloppe dans laquelle, selon ltinventions la paroi externe 2E est partiellement rendue inélastique
Les tirets 7 représentent les zones armées. FIG. 6 represents in section through a plane passing through the axis of the transducer, a half-envelope in which, according to the invention, the external wall 2E is partially made inelastic
Dashes 7 represent the armed zones.
En variante, au lieu d'armer une membrane avec des fibres, on pourra incorporer à la membrane des éléments en une autre gomme, moins élastique ou, en variante, plus molle. As a variant, instead of reinforcing a membrane with fibers, it is possible to incorporate elements of another gum, less elastic or, alternatively, softer, into the membrane.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8214445A FR2532141A1 (en) | 1982-08-23 | 1982-08-23 | Submerged electroacoustic transducer. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8214445A FR2532141A1 (en) | 1982-08-23 | 1982-08-23 | Submerged electroacoustic transducer. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2532141A1 true FR2532141A1 (en) | 1984-02-24 |
FR2532141B1 FR2532141B1 (en) | 1985-05-03 |
Family
ID=9276994
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8214445A Granted FR2532141A1 (en) | 1982-08-23 | 1982-08-23 | Submerged electroacoustic transducer. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2532141A1 (en) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3262093A (en) * | 1961-11-14 | 1966-07-19 | Miguel C Junger | Pressure compensated sonic transducer |
US3277436A (en) * | 1956-02-09 | 1966-10-04 | James W Fitzgerald | Hollow electro-acoustic transducer |
FR2085545A1 (en) * | 1970-04-30 | 1971-12-24 | Brandt Otto | |
FR2215008A1 (en) * | 1973-01-23 | 1974-08-19 | France Etat | |
FR2284242A1 (en) * | 1974-09-09 | 1976-04-02 | France Etat | LOW FREQUENCY PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER |
FR2496379A1 (en) * | 1980-12-16 | 1982-06-18 | Tech Radioelect Electro Fs | Underwater electroacoustic transducer - has piezoelectric stack and surrounding envelope enclosing protective gas cushion |
FR2498867A1 (en) * | 1981-01-27 | 1982-07-30 | Tech Radioelect Electro Fs | Electroacoustic transducer for great depth - has piezoelectric discs and counterweight in container with double walls separated by gas under pressure |
FR2498866A1 (en) * | 1981-01-27 | 1982-07-30 | Tech Radioelect Electro Fs | Case for electroacoustic transducer for high hydrostatic pressure - has double wall separated by gas under pressure and contained in vulcanised rubber skin |
-
1982
- 1982-08-23 FR FR8214445A patent/FR2532141A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3277436A (en) * | 1956-02-09 | 1966-10-04 | James W Fitzgerald | Hollow electro-acoustic transducer |
US3262093A (en) * | 1961-11-14 | 1966-07-19 | Miguel C Junger | Pressure compensated sonic transducer |
FR2085545A1 (en) * | 1970-04-30 | 1971-12-24 | Brandt Otto | |
FR2215008A1 (en) * | 1973-01-23 | 1974-08-19 | France Etat | |
FR2284242A1 (en) * | 1974-09-09 | 1976-04-02 | France Etat | LOW FREQUENCY PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER |
FR2496379A1 (en) * | 1980-12-16 | 1982-06-18 | Tech Radioelect Electro Fs | Underwater electroacoustic transducer - has piezoelectric stack and surrounding envelope enclosing protective gas cushion |
FR2498867A1 (en) * | 1981-01-27 | 1982-07-30 | Tech Radioelect Electro Fs | Electroacoustic transducer for great depth - has piezoelectric discs and counterweight in container with double walls separated by gas under pressure |
FR2498866A1 (en) * | 1981-01-27 | 1982-07-30 | Tech Radioelect Electro Fs | Case for electroacoustic transducer for high hydrostatic pressure - has double wall separated by gas under pressure and contained in vulcanised rubber skin |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2532141B1 (en) | 1985-05-03 |
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