FR2524128A1 - Rotating solar panel for wall opening - has water-filled core with three separate faces - Google Patents

Abstract

The solar panel (1) consists of a vertical water-filled heat accumulator (5) having a triangular cross section. The panel can be rotated about its vertical axis to put any of the three faces across the opening in the wall (3). One face (6) of the panel is an absorber whilst the other face (7) is an insulating panel. The third face (8) allows the heat stored in the water to be dissipated gradually into the room. The panel is positioned according to the time of day and season.

Description

The present invention is in the field of techniques using solar energy for the air conditioning of homes and other buildings.

More particularly, the present invention aims at an air conditioning device for walls or walls of dwellings and other buildings which can be used: for maintaining determined temperature conditions in said dwelling or said building.

The present invention also relates to an air conditioning method using the air conditioning device according to the invention.

To maintain certain temperature conditions in dwellings or in buildings, one of the current techniques consists in the use of external solar collectors connected to internal heat exchangers by the circuit of a heat transfer fluid.

Such means giving good results during the cold periods of the year, cannot be used other than for maintaining the interior atmosphere of the house or building at normal temperature during the hot periods of the year.

During this period, these means are generally used for heating the domestic hot water reserve.

It is known that the exterior walls of a dwelling or a building store part of the calorific effects of solar radiation and that part of the stored heat is diffused in the interior atmosphere of said dwelling or said building.

During the hot period of the year this characteristic is detrimental to the maintenance of normal temperature conditions in the dwelling or building.

The present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above by implementing a device for residential walls or other buildings capable of ensuring the maintenance of normal temperature conditions in said dwelling or in said building, both during cold period of the year than during the hot period.

To this end, the device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it is constituted by at least one panel mounted to rotate in the opening of an exterior wall of the building and by at least one rotary drive system. of the panel, the said panel being constituted by means for absorbing the calorific effects of the solar radiation, t / or for storing them and / or for diffusing them in the dwelling or the building, and / or for isolating the said dwelling or the said building of the said calorific effects.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the means of the panel for storing the calorific effects of solar energy is constituted by a central core, liquid or solid and the means for absorbing said effects, the means for diffusing these effects in the interior atmosphere of the dwelling or building and the means for isolating the interior atmosphere from heat and cold are each formed by a vertical wall and are distributed around the means for storing the calorific effects.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the method of air conditioning using the device according to the invention consists, during the cold periods of the year, during the day, of orienting the absorbent wall of the panel facing the solar radiation so that the material can store the so-called e-effects and during the night to orient the absorbent wall and the insulating wall of the panel respectively towards the interior of the dwelling and towards the outside in the form that the calorific effects stored by the panel are diffused in the said dwelling or the said building and so as to avoid any heat exchange between the interior atmosphere of the said dwelling and the exterior.

According to yet another characteristic, the process according to the invention consists, during hot periods of the year, during the day, in orienting the insulating and reflecting face of the panel towards the solar radiation.

Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the description of a preferred embodiment given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a front view exterior of such a device, - Figure 2 is a sectional view along line I / I of fig.1, - Figure 3 is a sectional view along line II / II of the
fig. 1.

- Figure 4 shows another preferred embodiment
of the device according to the invention, - Figures 5,6 and 7 are sectional views of other forms of
realization of the panels.

- Figure a is a view of a device according to the associated invention
to a greenhouse, - Figures 9 to 12 are schematic views illustrating the pro
assigned according to the invention.

As shown, the device according to the invention for walls of dwellings and other buildings usable for maintaining normal temperature conditions in said dwelling and in said building consists of at least one panel 1, rotatably mounted in an opening all of rectangular shape practiced in one of the exterior walls 3 of said dwelling, capable of rotating to close off all or part only of said opening and by at least one system 4 for driving in rotation of said panel in the said opening.

Preferably, the panel 1 is arranged vertically and is rotatable in the opening around a vertical axis, but it goes without saying that this panel can be mounted horizontally and rotatable around a horizontal axis.

The panel 1 is constituted by means 5, 6, 7 and 8 for absorbing the calorific effects of solar radiation and / or for storing said effects and / or for diffusing said effects in the dwelling or the building and / or to isolate the interior atmosphere of said dwelling or said building from heat or cold so as to ensure the maintenance of normal temperature conditions during cold or hot periods of the year,
Preferably the means 5 for storing the calorific effects of the solar radiation is constituted by a liquid or solid central core and the means 6 for absorbing said effects, the means 8 for diffusing these effects in the interior atmosphere of the dwelling and -the means 7 for isolating the interior atmosphere from solar heat or cold are each constituted by a vertical wall and are distributed around the means 5.

According to the preferred embodiment, the central core 5 is constituted by a liquid body, preferably water.

According to another exemplary embodiment, the liquid body is constituted by drain oil.

It is obvious that the core 5 can be constituted by a solid body of any suitable material.

The walls 6,7 and 8 are joined to each other at each end by a horizontal end wall 9 or 10 and are joined two by two to each other by their vertical edges so as to form a sealed box to contain the liquid core .

The walls 6, 7, 8 and 9 and 10 are advantageously made of metal, for example steel treated against oxidation.

According to another embodiment, the walls are made of stainless steel.

According to an alternative embodiment, the walls 6 and 7 are made of a material allowing excellent thermal conduction and the walls 8, 9 and 10 of a material having a low thermal conduction.

The wall 6 is coated externally with a black body of any type known to those skilled in the art so as to capture the heat effects of solar radiation.

These effects are diffused throughout the central nucleus 5.

The wall 7 is constituted by a metallic or non-metallic support 11 to which a sheet 12 of an insulating material of any known type is applied, for example rigid polyurethane.

The external face of the wall 7, constituted by the external face of the sheet 12 of the insulating material is coated with a sheet of a material capable of reflecting solar radiation for example
aluminum or other material.

The outer face of the wall 8 is advantageously provided with
decorative patterns, said wall being intended to remain in
the house or building.

The upper wall 9 is provided along the vertical axis of rotation
AA 'of the panel of a pivot 13 rotatably mounted in a bearing 14
formed in the upper horizontal face 20 of the opening 2.

As shown in Figure 4, the bottom wall 10 is mounted
along the axis AA 'on discs 15 and 16 with ball bearings, one of which the disc 16 is integral with the lower face 17 of the opening
2.

It is obvious that any other means of guiding in rotation
may between employee.

Between the face 20 and the upper face 9, the pivot 113 cooperates with
the rotary drive mechanism 4 of the panel 1 around
axis AA '.

As can be seen more particularly in fig. 2, the walls
6.7 and a are planar and the panel 1 of prismatic shape has
a cross section of polygonal shape.

Advantageously, the cross section of the panel. affects the
preferably in the form of an equilateral triange and the axis of rotation
AA 'of the panel goes through the hortocentre of the said cross-section
dirty and is centered with respect to the opening in the direction of the
width of the latter.

In addition, the width of the opening corresponds substantially to
that of walls 6,7 and 8 and these by rotation around
the axis AA 'are arranged successively in the extension of the
outer face of the wall or slightly set back from
this one.

As can be understood when one of the walls 6, 7 or 8 is arranged
parallel to the outside face of the wall this covers everything
the width of the opening.

Each vertical edge of panel 1 has a joint
sealing 21 known per se.

Two of these seals when one of the walls 6,7 or a
is arranged parallel to the outside face of the wall are in
support against the vertical interior faces of the opening.

At the opening are associated two flaps, an upper flap 22 and a lower flap 23 kept applied against the panel 1 by an elastic member 24 and covering the entire width of the opening to ensure ltétanchélté horizontally.

Each flap is mounted in an articulated manner by a hinge 25 to a plate 26 for fixing to the external face of the wall.

The flaps 22 and 23 respectively cover the upper zone of the opening, that is to say the zone between the panel and the horizontal upper face 20 and the lower zone of the opening, that is to say the area between the panel and the horizontal underside 17 of the opening.

The plates 26 are fixed to the upper face of the wall by any means known to those skilled in the art above the horizontal upper edge of the opening or below the horizontal lower edge as the case may be and the hinges 26 are parallel to these edges.

The area of each valet bearing against the panel is provided with a seal of all known types, for example a "neoprene" seal.

It should be noted that the flaps 22 and 23 can be arranged horizontally so as to be able to access the drive mechanism 4 or the means for guiding in rotation.

Preferably, the drive mechanism is irreversible so that the panels cannot rotate under the pressure of the wind.

This mechanism is constituted by a horizontal worm 27 rotating in end bearings
and by a pinion 28 wedged on the upper pivot 13 and meshed with said worm.

This worm cooperates in any known manner with a manual or automatic system for controlling the rotation of the panels.

As shown diagrammatically in fig. 4, this system is for example constituted by a set of pulleys 29, joined by a belt 30, one of which is wedged on the worm and the other of which is provided with an operating crank 31 .

It is obvious that this system can be replaced by any other equivalent.

This is how the worm can be engaged with an electric motor controlled by a push button.

According to a preferred embodiment, the same opening is equipped with several vertical or horizontal panels aligned one after the other in a same plane driven in rotation simultaneously by one or more drive mechanism 4, and mounted in said opening of so that the angular position of one is identical to the angular position of the others.

The axes AA ′ of the panels are spaced from each other by a value substantially equal to the width of the walls 6, 7 or 8 so that when these are parallel to the exterior face of the wall, the said panels are joined together. with each other.

Horizontal sealing is also ensured in this case by two flaps bearing against the panels all covering the width of the opening.

In fig. 5 to 7, other alternative embodiments of the panel are shown.

We can see in fig. 5 and 6 that the cross section of the panel follows the outline of a curvilinear triangle with concave edges fig. 5 or with convex edges fig. 6, each with edges corresponding to the walls 6, 7 or 8.

In fig. 7, it can be seen that the cross section of the panel is rectangular.

In this case, the width of the diagonal of the rectangle is substantially equal to the width of the opening and the panel having such a section has only two walls 6 and 7 each corresponding to a large dimension of the rectangle.

It is obvious that the cross section of the panel may be in any other suitable geometric form.

Advantageously, the dwelling or the building opposite the opening is provided with an enclosed space delimited by walls of which at least one is translucent, to retain the infrared radiation which increases the heat absorption capacity of the or Signs.

In fig. 3 we see that this closed space has a vertical translucent wall sliding parallel to the wall.

In fig. 8, we see that this space is constituted by a greenhouse 32.

The greenhouse is provided with a lower access opening 33 and an upper ventilation opening 34 of small size provided with a closing flap 35.

During the hot period of the year and during the day, the openings 33 and 34 allow the greenhouse to be ventilated.

It is also possible to provide for the case where the enclosed space delimited by several walls, at least one of which is translucent, is associated with each panel, the translucent wall being arranged opposite the absorbent wall 6.

The device object of the present invention can be mounted in one of the exterior walls of a dwelling or an existing building or under construction or can be mounted in the opening of a prefabricated wall, this assembly being carried out in the factory.

The air conditioning method according to the invention using the device according to the invention consists, during the cold periods of the year, during the day, orienting the absorbent wall 6 of each panel towards the solar radiation FIG. 9 so that the core 5 can store the said effects and overnight fig.l0 to orient the absorbent wall of the panel inward so that the calorific effects stored by the core of the panel are diffused-in the home or building,
When the wall 6 is directed towards the solar radiation, this is parallel to the external face of the wall and completely obstructs the opening 2.

The wall 8 directed towards the interior of the diffuse dwelling 8gorely the calorific effects stored by the core 5 in the dwelling or the building.

At night (fiv.10), the insulating wall 7 is arranged parallel to the exterior face of the wall and completely obstructs the opening 2 so as to avoid any heat exchange between the interior of the dwelling and the exterior .

During the hot period of the year, during the day, the method according to the invention consists in orienting the insulating and reflective wall of each panel towards the solar radiation so that there is no heat exchange. between the interior ambiance of the house and the interior - fig. He.

According to this position, the insulating wall or walls is or are arranged parallel to the external face of the wall and completely obstruct the opening 2.

At night, fig.12, during the hot period, the panels I are advantageously arranged in a position such that at least one of their faces is perpendicular to the exterior face of the wall.

According to this position, the panels are not joined and provide between them ventilation openings.

The device as described allows the use of solar energy for heating dwellings or buildings during cold periods of the year and allows during hot periods the maintenance of normal temperatures in said dwelling or said building. .

 It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the examples: of the embodiment previously described, but that on the contrary embraces all the variants thereof.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS during cold or hot periods of the year. normal temperature conditions in said dwelling the interior atmosphere of said dwelling or of said building of said effects so as to ensure the maintenance of diffusing them in the dwelling or the building and / or for iso radiation solar and / or to store them and / or for (5), (6), (7), (8), to absorb the calorific effects of the opening, the said panel being constituted by means a mechanism (4) drive in rotation of the panel in the unit or in part only the said opening and by at least or from the said building, capable by rotation of completely closing the opening (2) of an external wall (3) of the said house a panel (1) <rotatably mounted around an axis (AA ') in a building characterized in that it is constituted by at least temperature males in said house and in said other buildings usable for maintaining conditions nor R1 / Air conditioning device for walls or walls of dwellings and medium (5). each one by a vertical wall and are distributed around the interior of the solar heat or the cold are constituted tation or building and the means (8) to isolate the environment to diffuse these effects in the interior environment of the habit means (6) for absorbing said effects, the means (7) for consists of a liquid or solid central core and that means (5) of the panel for storing the calorific effects R2 / Device according to claim I characterized in that the set back from it. the extension of the external face of the wall (3) or slightly bled to come by rotation around the axis AA 'to be disposed in terized in that the vertical walls 46) or (7) are susceptible R3 / Device according to claim I and claim 2 charac a waterproof case to contain the liquid core (5). the walls (6), (7), (8), form with the end walls ()) and (10) R4 / Device according to claims 1 to 3 characterized in that in that the panel is of prismatic shape . R5 / Device according to claim 1 and claims 2 and 4 equilateral character whose horocenter is intercepted by the axis of rotation AA '. the cross section of the panel follows the outline of a triangle R6 / Device according to claims 1, 2, 4 and 5 characterized in that the angular position of the others is identical. simultaneously and that the angular position of one of these said panels in the same plane, driven in rotation in the same direction and  (1) of a granny opening (2) are aligned one after the other  R7 / Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the panels  wall, the said panels are joined.  (8) and that when these are parallel to the outer face of the  of a value substantially equal to the width of one of the walls (6), (7),  in that the axes AA 'of the panels are distant from each other  R8 / Device according to claim 1 and claim 7 characterized  heat absorption capacity of the panel (s) (1).  translucent, disposed opposite the opening (2) to increase the  that it is associated with an enclosed space, delimited by at least one wall  R9 / Device according to all of the claims. i to 8 characterized in  consists of a greenhouse. R10 / Device according to claim 9 characterized in that the enclosed space  translucent coming to be arranged facing the absorbent wall (6).  that each panel is associated with an enclosed space with at least one park R11 / Device according to all of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that  provided with a device according to all of claims i to 8 and 11. R12 / Prefabricated wall provided with an opening (2) characterized in that it is  and the exterior of the building.  no heat exchange between the interior atmosphere of the house  each panel towards the solar radiation in hoop that there is  day, it consists in orienting the insulating and reflecting wall (7) of  characterized in that during the hot period of the year, during the  a device according to all of claims 1 to 8 and 11, R14 / Process for air conditioning a dwelling or building using  the exterior of the said dwelling or building  so that there is no heat exchange between the interior and  by the core (5) are diffused in the dwelling or building and  and outward so that the calorific effects stored  and the insulating wall (7) respectively towards the interior of the dwelling  said effects and during the night, to orient the absorbent wall (6)  solar radiation so that the core (5) can store the  orienting the absorbent wall (6) of each panel (1) towards the  in that it consists during a cold period of the year, during the day:  a device according to all of claims 1 to 8, and 11, characterized R13 / Housing or building air conditioning method using