FR2499214A1 - Furnace for distn. of vegetable matter such as wood - has trap doors for removing carbonised prods., and hood for collecting combustible gas contg. hydrogen and carbon mon:oxide - Google Patents
Furnace for distn. of vegetable matter such as wood - has trap doors for removing carbonised prods., and hood for collecting combustible gas contg. hydrogen and carbon mon:oxide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2499214A1 FR2499214A1 FR8102290A FR8102290A FR2499214A1 FR 2499214 A1 FR2499214 A1 FR 2499214A1 FR 8102290 A FR8102290 A FR 8102290A FR 8102290 A FR8102290 A FR 8102290A FR 2499214 A1 FR2499214 A1 FR 2499214A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- enclosure
- plants
- diffuser
- walls
- boiler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 ethylene, propylene, benzene Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à une chaudière permettant la distillation de végétaux, I'obtention de gaz et de charbon. The present invention relates to a boiler allowing the distillation of plants, obtaining gas and coal.
La chaudière, objet de l'invention, comporte une enceinte close parallélépipèdique de section rectangulaire, pourvue en sa partie supérieure d'une trappe d'alimentation de végétaux étanche, à l'inté. The boiler, object of the invention, comprises a closed rectangular enclosure of rectangular section, provided in its upper part with a sealed plant supply hatch, in the interior.
rieur de l'enceinte à équidistance des parois latérales et dans le sens de la longueur est disposé verticalement un diffuseur de chaleur en forme de caisson constitué par deux faces planes écartées l'une de l'autre reliées en leur partie supérieure, leur partie inférieure se prolongeant suivant une forme évasée afin d'engendrer un avaloir à l'aplomb d'un foyer inférieur de sorte à diriger les fumées et la chaleur produite à l'intérieur du diffuseur, les fumées étant évacuées par des bouches placées de part et d'autre du diffuseur en sa partie supérieure en prolongement de ses faces parallèles.En leur partie inférieure, les faces de l'avaloir inclinées se prolongent suivant une meme inclinaison ou différente jusque sur les faces latérales de l'enceinte où elles se raccordent de manière à assurer l'étanchéité entre l'enceinte et le foyer, sur les faces latérales de l'enceinte en partie inférieure des trappes étanches sont prévues pour extraire les végétaux carbonisés, sur l'enceinte sont prévus des raccordements pour extraire les gaz et goudrons produits durant la carbonisation des végétaux ou recycler ces derniers.laughter of the enclosure equidistant from the side walls and in the direction of the length is arranged vertically a heat diffuser in the form of a box consisting of two flat faces spaced from one another connected in their upper part, their lower part extending in a flared shape in order to generate a drain in line with a lower hearth so as to direct the fumes and the heat produced inside the diffuser, the fumes being evacuated by mouths placed on either side other of the diffuser in its upper part as an extension of its parallel faces. In their lower part, the inclined gutter faces extend at the same or different inclination as far as the lateral faces of the enclosure where they are connected so to ensure the seal between the enclosure and the hearth, on the lateral faces of the enclosure in the lower part of the sealed hatches are provided for extracting charred plants, on the enclosure are provided connections to extract the gases and tars produced during the carbonization of plants or to recycle them.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre faite en regard des dessins joints donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif, où:
-la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une chaudière,
- la figure 2, une vue en coupe d'une variante de réalisation de chaudière.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the description which follows, given with regard to the accompanying drawings given by way of nonlimiting example, where:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a boiler,
- Figure 2, a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the boiler.
Telle que représentée figure 1 la chaudière comporte une enceinte close parallélépipèdique 1 de section rectangulaire en métal ou tout autre matériau approprié, pourvue en sa partie supérieure d'une trappe 2 étanche permettant son remplissage en vegétaux. A l'interieur de l'enceinte à équidistance des parois latérales 3 parallèles est dispose et maintenu verticalement un diffuseur 4 en metal par exemple ou tout autre matériau approprié, ce dernier en forme de caisson comprend deux faces planes 5 écartees l'une de l'autre, en partie supérieure l'espace compris entre les deux faces 5 est obturé de manière étanche par une face 6, les extrémités 7 du diffuseur sont reliées aux parois parallèles 8 de façon étanche.En leur partie inférieure, les faces 5 se prolongent suivant une inclinaison 9 de sorte à constituer un avaloir 10 afin de canaliser et diriger tant la fumée que la chaleur produite par un foyer inférieur 11 à l'intérieur du diffuseur 4, ledit foyer 11 couvrant toute la section de la chaudière. Afin d'évacuer les fumées produites par le foyer en extrémité supérieure du diffuseur des bouches d'évacuation 12 sont aménagées de part et d'autre et se prolongent par des tuyaux 13 ou cheminées. As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler comprises a closed parallelepiped enclosure 1 of rectangular section made of metal or any other suitable material, provided in its upper part with a sealed hatch 2 allowing it to be filled with plants. Inside the enclosure equidistant from the parallel side walls 3 is arranged and vertically maintained a diffuser 4 made of metal for example or any other suitable material, the latter in the form of a box comprises two flat faces 5 separated one of the other, in the upper part, the space between the two faces 5 is sealed by a face 6, the ends 7 of the diffuser are tightly connected to the parallel walls 8. In their lower part, the faces 5 extend according to an inclination 9 so as to constitute a drain 10 in order to channel and direct both the smoke and the heat produced by a lower hearth 11 inside the diffuser 4, said hearth 11 covering the entire section of the boiler. In order to evacuate the fumes produced by the hearth at the upper end of the diffuser, exhaust vents 12 are arranged on either side and are extended by pipes 13 or chimneys.
Selon la représentation, les parties 9 inclinées du diffuseur 4 sont prolongées par des plaques de fermeture 14 horizontales ou inclinées assurant l'étanchéité entre le foyer inférieur 11 et le diffuseur 4, ce genre de fermeture peut être engendré par les parties 9 qui se raccordent directement sur les faces latérales 3 et 8 de la chaudière. According to the representation, the inclined parts 9 of the diffuser 4 are extended by horizontal or inclined closure plates 14 ensuring the seal between the lower hearth 11 and the diffuser 4, this kind of closure can be generated by the parts 9 which are connected directly on the side faces 3 and 8 of the boiler.
Afin de pouvoir extraire les végétaux une fois carbonisés, des trappes étanches 15 sont aménagées sur les parois parallèles 3 de l'enceinte. Sur les parois de l'enceinte sont prévus des raccordements non représentés permettant l'extraction des gaz et goudrons produits lors de la carbonisation des végétaux, ainsi que des organes annexes permettant le recyclage desdits gaz et goudrons. In order to be able to extract the plants once charred, sealed hatches 15 are arranged on the parallel walls 3 of the enclosure. On the walls of the enclosure are provided connections, not shown, allowing the extraction of the gases and tars produced during the carbonization of the plants, as well as additional members allowing the recycling of said gases and tars.
Suivant différentes expériences réalisées avec comme végétaux du bois de pin dit tout venant au niveau du taux d'humidité et une température ambiante à l'intérieur de l'enceinte variant de 600. à 1000-, il a été obtenu une composition de gaz comprenant en volume
Hydrogène 12,1%
Méthane 12, 8%
Oxyde de carbone 13,7%
Azote 5,2%
Ethane 1,7%
Oxygène I, 4%
Gaz carbonique 42,2%
Le complément à 100% (soit 10,9%) est constitue de vapeur d'eau, de propane, d'éthylène, de propylène, de benzène et de toluène.According to different experiments carried out with pine wood said everything coming from the level of humidity and an ambient temperature inside the enclosure varying from 600. to 1000-, a gas composition was obtained comprising in volume
Hydrogen 12.1%
Methane 12.8%
Carbon monoxide 13.7%
Nitrogen 5.2%
Ethane 1.7%
Oxygen I, 4%
Carbon dioxide 42.2%
The remaining 100% (or 10.9%) consists of water vapor, propane, ethylene, propylene, benzene and toluene.
Les différentes proportions exprimées sont donnes à titre d'exemple, elles sont sujettes à variations suivant le taux d'humidité des végétaux et la température à l'intérieur de l'enceinte, soit que l'on procède à une carbonisation de masse ou que cette dernière soit parachevée comme représentée en variante figure 2. The different proportions expressed are given by way of example, they are subject to variations depending on the humidity of the plants and the temperature inside the enclosure, whether a mass carbonization is carried out or that the latter is completed as shown in a variant in FIG. 2.
Suivant cette variante représentée figure 2, les prolongements 9 des parois 5 du diffuseur sont directement relies de façon étanche à l'enceinte 16 constituant le foyer, l'enceinte superieure 1 de la chaudière est dotée parallèlement aux parois 3 d'une double paroi 17 en tôle perforée, ces doubles parois décalées des parois 3 permet tant de créer des couloirs favorisant la circulation du gaz produit à l'intérieur de la chaudière, les parois 17 en partie basse se prolongent suivant une pente de sorte à constituer un entonnoir et diriger une partie des végétaux vers la partie supérieure 18 de l'avaloir 10 où la chaleur est la plus intense, les parois 5 du diffuseur et leur partie en pente 9 sont elles aussi doublées par une paroi décalée en tôle perforée.21
Les végétaux dirigés en partie supérieure 18 de l'avaloir sont maintenus en contact sur toute la surface de l'avaloir durant un temps IZt déterminé au moyen de channes sans fin/pourvues de dents tendues chacune entre deux pignons 19 dont un est moteur entravant en rotation la channe correspondante et l'évacuation en continu des vegé- taux carbonisés, les végétaux carbonisés etant recueillis dans des réceptacles étanches 20 prévus à cet effet en prolongement de l'enceinte 1.According to this variant shown in Figure 2, the extensions 9 of the walls 5 of the diffuser are directly connected in a sealed manner to the enclosure 16 constituting the hearth, the upper enclosure 1 of the boiler is provided parallel to the walls 3 with a double wall 17 in perforated sheet metal, these double walls offset from the walls 3 makes it possible both to create corridors promoting the circulation of the gas produced inside the boiler, the walls 17 in the lower part extend along a slope so as to constitute a funnel and direct a part of the plants towards the upper part 18 of the drain 10 where the heat is most intense, the walls 5 of the diffuser and their sloping part 9 are also doubled by an offset wall of perforated sheet. 21
The plants directed in the upper part 18 of the drain are kept in contact over the entire surface of the drain for a time IZt determined by means of endless chains / provided with teeth stretched each between two pinions 19, one of which is a motor impeding by rotation of the corresponding channel and continuous evacuation of charred plants, charred plants being collected in sealed receptacles 20 provided for this purpose as an extension of enclosure 1.
Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, la chaudière representee figure 1 peut etre doublee par une double paroi parallèle aux faces 3 ainsi que les parois 5 du diffuseur et leur prolongement 9 et ce afin de faciliter l'écoulement des gaz à l'interieur de ladite chaudière. Without departing from the scope of the invention, the boiler represented in FIG. 1 can be doubled by a double wall parallel to the faces 3 as well as the walls 5 of the diffuser and their extension 9, in order to facilitate the flow of gases inside. of said boiler.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8102290A FR2499214A1 (en) | 1981-02-04 | 1981-02-04 | Furnace for distn. of vegetable matter such as wood - has trap doors for removing carbonised prods., and hood for collecting combustible gas contg. hydrogen and carbon mon:oxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8102290A FR2499214A1 (en) | 1981-02-04 | 1981-02-04 | Furnace for distn. of vegetable matter such as wood - has trap doors for removing carbonised prods., and hood for collecting combustible gas contg. hydrogen and carbon mon:oxide |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2499214A1 true FR2499214A1 (en) | 1982-08-06 |
FR2499214B1 FR2499214B1 (en) | 1983-05-06 |
Family
ID=9254892
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8102290A Granted FR2499214A1 (en) | 1981-02-04 | 1981-02-04 | Furnace for distn. of vegetable matter such as wood - has trap doors for removing carbonised prods., and hood for collecting combustible gas contg. hydrogen and carbon mon:oxide |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2499214A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2688869A1 (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-09-24 | Leroux Andre Jean | Coupled incineration and reaction device for the manufacture of charcoal |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE508647C (en) * | 1930-11-07 | Allg Vergasungs Ges M B H | Smoldering furnace with purge gas operation | |
US2037556A (en) * | 1933-04-24 | 1936-04-14 | Carlton Main Colliery Company | Retort for use in the low temperature distillation of carbonaceous material |
FR849223A (en) * | 1938-01-24 | 1939-11-16 | Furnace for carbonization and distillation of wood at low temperature | |
FR1584668A (en) * | 1968-05-30 | 1969-12-26 |
-
1981
- 1981-02-04 FR FR8102290A patent/FR2499214A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE508647C (en) * | 1930-11-07 | Allg Vergasungs Ges M B H | Smoldering furnace with purge gas operation | |
US2037556A (en) * | 1933-04-24 | 1936-04-14 | Carlton Main Colliery Company | Retort for use in the low temperature distillation of carbonaceous material |
FR849223A (en) * | 1938-01-24 | 1939-11-16 | Furnace for carbonization and distillation of wood at low temperature | |
FR1584668A (en) * | 1968-05-30 | 1969-12-26 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2688869A1 (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-09-24 | Leroux Andre Jean | Coupled incineration and reaction device for the manufacture of charcoal |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2499214B1 (en) | 1983-05-06 |
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