[go: up one dir, main page]

FI972984L - Menetelmä ajan varaamiseksi matkaviestimelle - Google Patents

Menetelmä ajan varaamiseksi matkaviestimelle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
FI972984L
FI972984L FI972984A FI972984A FI972984L FI 972984 L FI972984 L FI 972984L FI 972984 A FI972984 A FI 972984A FI 972984 A FI972984 A FI 972984A FI 972984 L FI972984 L FI 972984L
Authority
FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
mobile device
reserving time
reserving
time
mobile
Prior art date
Application number
FI972984A
Other languages
English (en)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI972984A0 (fi
FI105252B (fi
Inventor
Mika Rinne
Matti Jokimies
Mika Raitola
Original Assignee
Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd filed Critical Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd
Publication of FI972984A0 publication Critical patent/FI972984A0/fi
Priority to FI972984A priority Critical patent/FI105252B/fi
Priority to US09/111,936 priority patent/US6201966B1/en
Priority to AU84430/98A priority patent/AU742092B2/en
Priority to PCT/FI1998/000587 priority patent/WO1999004590A1/en
Priority to CNB988072319A priority patent/CN1135037C/zh
Priority to ES200050001A priority patent/ES2192117B1/es
Priority to DE69835721T priority patent/DE69835721T2/de
Priority to JP19886598A priority patent/JP3943253B2/ja
Priority to EP98305658A priority patent/EP0892571B1/en
Publication of FI972984L publication Critical patent/FI972984L/fi
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI105252B publication Critical patent/FI105252B/fi
Priority to JP2006321955A priority patent/JP4638404B2/ja

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/14—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using user query or user detection

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
FI972984A 1997-07-14 1997-07-14 Menetelmä ajan varaamiseksi matkaviestimelle FI105252B (fi)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI972984A FI105252B (fi) 1997-07-14 1997-07-14 Menetelmä ajan varaamiseksi matkaviestimelle
US09/111,936 US6201966B1 (en) 1997-07-14 1998-07-08 Allocating idle time to a mobile station
CNB988072319A CN1135037C (zh) 1997-07-14 1998-07-13 为移动台分配时间的方法
PCT/FI1998/000587 WO1999004590A1 (en) 1997-07-14 1998-07-13 Method for allocating time to a mobile station
AU84430/98A AU742092B2 (en) 1997-07-14 1998-07-13 Method for allocating time to a mobile station
ES200050001A ES2192117B1 (es) 1997-07-14 1998-07-13 Metodo para asignacion de tiempo a una estacion movil, dicha estacion movil y la correspondiente red de comunicaciones.
DE69835721T DE69835721T2 (de) 1997-07-14 1998-07-14 Verfahren zur Zeitzuteilung zur einer mobilen Station
JP19886598A JP3943253B2 (ja) 1997-07-14 1998-07-14 アイドルタイムを割り振る方法、移動及びネットワーク
EP98305658A EP0892571B1 (en) 1997-07-14 1998-07-14 Method for allocating time to a mobile station
JP2006321955A JP4638404B2 (ja) 1997-07-14 2006-11-29 アイドルタイムを割り振る方法、移動及びネットワーク

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI972984 1997-07-14
FI972984A FI105252B (fi) 1997-07-14 1997-07-14 Menetelmä ajan varaamiseksi matkaviestimelle

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
FI972984A0 FI972984A0 (fi) 1997-07-14
FI972984L true FI972984L (fi) 1999-01-15
FI105252B FI105252B (fi) 2000-06-30

Family

ID=8549254

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FI972984A FI105252B (fi) 1997-07-14 1997-07-14 Menetelmä ajan varaamiseksi matkaviestimelle

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6201966B1 (fi)
EP (1) EP0892571B1 (fi)
JP (2) JP3943253B2 (fi)
CN (1) CN1135037C (fi)
AU (1) AU742092B2 (fi)
DE (1) DE69835721T2 (fi)
ES (1) ES2192117B1 (fi)
FI (1) FI105252B (fi)
WO (1) WO1999004590A1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (91)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5949017A (en) * 1996-06-18 1999-09-07 Abb Power T&D Company Inc. Electrical transformers containing electrical insulation fluids comprising high oleic acid oil compositions
FI107008B (fi) * 1997-04-22 2001-05-15 Nokia Networks Oy Multimode-päätelaitteen kytkeytyminen verkkoon matkaviestinjärjestelmässä
FI105251B (fi) 1997-06-18 2000-06-30 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Menetelmä aikajakoisen solukkoverkon tukiasemien tunnistamiseksi matkaviestimessä ja matkaviestin
US6069882A (en) 1997-07-30 2000-05-30 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation System and method for providing data services using idle cell resources
US7046643B1 (en) 1997-07-30 2006-05-16 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Method for dynamic multi-level pricing for wireless communications according to quality of service
US7349333B2 (en) 1997-07-30 2008-03-25 At&T Delaware Intellectual Property, Inc. Associated systems and methods for providing data services using idle cell resources
US7050445B1 (en) 1997-07-30 2006-05-23 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation System and method for dynamic allocation of capacity on wireless networks
US7065061B1 (en) * 1997-07-30 2006-06-20 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation System and method for providing data services using idle cell resources
US7394791B2 (en) * 1997-12-17 2008-07-01 Interdigital Technology Corporation Multi-detection of heartbeat to reduce error probability
US6222832B1 (en) * 1998-06-01 2001-04-24 Tantivy Communications, Inc. Fast Acquisition of traffic channels for a highly variable data rate reverse link of a CDMA wireless communication system
US7079523B2 (en) * 2000-02-07 2006-07-18 Ipr Licensing, Inc. Maintenance link using active/standby request channels
US7936728B2 (en) * 1997-12-17 2011-05-03 Tantivy Communications, Inc. System and method for maintaining timing of synchronization messages over a reverse link of a CDMA wireless communication system
US9525923B2 (en) 1997-12-17 2016-12-20 Intel Corporation Multi-detection of heartbeat to reduce error probability
WO1999055104A1 (fr) * 1998-04-23 1999-10-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme de communication radiomobile, appareil de communication destine a ce systeme, et procede de communication radiomobile
US8134980B2 (en) * 1998-06-01 2012-03-13 Ipr Licensing, Inc. Transmittal of heartbeat signal at a lower level than heartbeat request
US7773566B2 (en) * 1998-06-01 2010-08-10 Tantivy Communications, Inc. System and method for maintaining timing of synchronization messages over a reverse link of a CDMA wireless communication system
FI108200B (fi) * 1998-09-14 2001-11-30 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Yhteyden vaihto matkaviestinverkkojen välillä
FI109956B (fi) * 1998-12-16 2002-10-31 Nokia Corp Menetelmä lähisolujen tietojen välittämiseksi sekä menetelmän toteuttava järjestelmä ja matkaviestin
KR100350481B1 (ko) 1999-12-30 2002-08-28 삼성전자 주식회사 비동기 이동통신시스템에서 동기 이동통신시스템으로의핸드오프 수행장치 및 방법
FI109862B (fi) * 2000-01-10 2002-10-15 Nokia Corp Menetelmä taajuudenvälisen yhteydenvaihdon valmistelemiseksi, verkkoelementti ja matkaviestin
DE60035481T2 (de) * 2000-01-19 2008-03-20 Lucent Technologies Inc. Verfahren zur Zuteilung von Funkressourcen
WO2001058044A2 (en) 2000-02-07 2001-08-09 Tantivy Communications, Inc. Minimal maintenance link to support synchronization
GB0004088D0 (en) * 2000-02-21 2000-04-12 Nokia Networks Oy Packet data services in a telecommunications system
FR2809273B1 (fr) * 2000-05-19 2002-08-30 Cit Alcatel Procede de signalisation de parametres de mode compresse a une station mobile
JP2001339770A (ja) * 2000-05-30 2001-12-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 無線通信システム及びそれに用いる通信端末装置
US6628953B1 (en) * 2000-07-10 2003-09-30 Motorola, Inc. Method of forwarding channel assignments for one or more traffic channels
US8155096B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2012-04-10 Ipr Licensing Inc. Antenna control system and method
US7551663B1 (en) 2001-02-01 2009-06-23 Ipr Licensing, Inc. Use of correlation combination to achieve channel detection
US6954448B2 (en) * 2001-02-01 2005-10-11 Ipr Licensing, Inc. Alternate channel for carrying selected message types
FR2822625A1 (fr) * 2001-03-20 2002-09-27 Sagem Procede et dispositif de reception de signaux de frequence et/ou de synchronisation
EP2479905B1 (en) 2001-06-13 2017-03-15 Intel Corporation Method and apparatuses for transmittal of heartbeat signal at a lower level than heartbeat request
JP2003032736A (ja) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-31 Kyocera Corp 無線通信システム
US7058387B2 (en) * 2001-11-01 2006-06-06 Intel Corporation System and method for providing cost of quality of service levels in a wireless communication device
KR100414930B1 (ko) * 2001-11-08 2004-01-13 삼성전자주식회사 이동통신단말기가 통화 중에 인접 셀과의 동기를 맞추는방법
US8605702B2 (en) 2002-01-08 2013-12-10 Ipr Licensing, Inc. Maintaining a maintenance channel in a reverse link of a wireless communications system
US7184425B2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2007-02-27 Ericsson Inc. Enhanced mobile station positioning in a wireless communication network
DE10222970A1 (de) * 2002-05-23 2004-02-05 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Verfahren zur Netzverbindung eines UMTS-Mobilfunkgeräts
GB2390263B (en) * 2002-06-24 2004-05-12 Technologies Inc Lucent A method of selecting length of time of inactivity on a channel dedictated to a user terminal to be detected for the channel to be released,
US7006831B2 (en) * 2002-09-27 2006-02-28 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Apparatus and method for providing dynamic communications network traffic control
US7089018B2 (en) * 2002-12-05 2006-08-08 The Boeing Company Communication system for tracking assets
EP1582079B1 (en) * 2002-12-16 2008-09-10 Research In Motion Limited Method and apparatus for reducing power consumption in cdma communication device
DE60303837T2 (de) * 2003-05-12 2006-08-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von Schichten für skalierbare Datendienste
US7292546B2 (en) * 2003-06-05 2007-11-06 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Bandwidth reduction within packet switched networks by not sending idle timeslots
CN100474801C (zh) * 2003-11-07 2009-04-01 上海贝尔阿尔卡特股份有限公司 一种正交频分复用系统中的空闲模式控制方法
DE602004000550T2 (de) 2004-01-20 2006-11-09 Research In Motion Ltd., Waterloo Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ausführen von Messungen in einem Teilnehmerendgerät eines Universellen Mobiltelekommunikationssystems (UMTS)
US8099094B2 (en) 2004-07-12 2012-01-17 Interdigital Technology Corporation Neighbor scanning in wireless local area networks
US7203494B2 (en) * 2004-11-12 2007-04-10 Motorola, Inc. Optimizing radio communication efficiency and methods thereof
JP5049463B2 (ja) * 2004-12-14 2012-10-17 富士通株式会社 無線通信システム及び基地局及び移動局及び無線通信方法
US8744465B2 (en) * 2005-06-16 2014-06-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Resource allocation method in a communication system
CN1937614B (zh) * 2005-09-19 2010-05-05 华为技术有限公司 控制终端进入空闲模式的方法、设备和系统
US20070115959A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2007-05-24 Parker Jason M Method and system for quiet time
US20070127403A1 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-07 Mediatek Inc. Power saving method for WLAN station
KR101216072B1 (ko) * 2006-01-03 2012-12-26 엘지전자 주식회사 이동통신 시스템에서의 인터-프리퀀시 측정 지원 방법
US8374108B2 (en) * 2006-05-16 2013-02-12 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Mobile communication system, and mobile unit, base station unit and method therefore
AU2007252473C1 (en) 2006-05-23 2010-12-16 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Mobile communication method, mobile station device, base station device, and mobile communication system
KR100782851B1 (ko) * 2006-07-21 2007-12-06 삼성전자주식회사 분산화된 무선 네트워크에서 비컨 슬롯을 설정하는 방법 및장치
US20080025341A1 (en) * 2006-07-31 2008-01-31 Motorola, Inc. Method and system for granting of channel slots
RU2420923C2 (ru) * 2007-01-04 2011-06-10 Квэлкомм Инкорпорейтед Способ и устройство для распределенного обнаружения спектра для беспроводной связи
PL2115909T5 (pl) 2007-02-05 2017-10-31 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Sposób i układ w systemie telekomunikacyjnym do pomiarów komórek sąsiadujących
JP4879054B2 (ja) 2007-03-20 2012-02-15 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ 移動通信システムで使用されるユーザ装置、基地局装置及び方法
JP2008234475A (ja) * 2007-03-22 2008-10-02 Toshiba Corp 情報処理装置
EP1986460A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2008-10-29 Motorola, Inc. System for speeding up synchronization in a call connection
DE602007012706D1 (de) * 2007-09-19 2011-04-07 Motorola Inc Kommunikationsvorrichtung und -verfahren zur Zuweisung einer Messzeit für einen Empfänger einer Kommunikationsvorrichtung
EP2048829A1 (en) 2007-10-01 2009-04-15 Alcatel Lucent Beacon and mobile terminal synchronization and method thereof
JP5137547B2 (ja) * 2007-12-07 2013-02-06 パナソニック株式会社 無線通信端末装置及びギャップ割当方法
EP2109333B1 (en) * 2008-04-09 2010-03-17 Alcatel Lucent Measurement preparation and execution method and apparatus in a radio communication system
US8817681B2 (en) 2009-04-20 2014-08-26 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation Of America Wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method using a gap pattern
US8537772B2 (en) * 2009-07-02 2013-09-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Transmitter quieting during spectrum sensing
US8780982B2 (en) * 2009-07-02 2014-07-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Transmitter quieting and different encoding rates for portions of a set of frames
US8902995B2 (en) * 2009-07-02 2014-12-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Transmitter quieting and reduced rate encoding
US9112618B2 (en) * 2009-07-02 2015-08-18 Qualcomm Incorporated Coding latency reductions during transmitter quieting
US8958475B2 (en) * 2009-07-02 2015-02-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Transmitter quieting and null data encoding
KR101723411B1 (ko) 2009-08-21 2017-04-05 엘지전자 주식회사 멀티 캐리어 시스템의 슬립모드 동작 방법 및 장치
US9220069B2 (en) * 2010-01-07 2015-12-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for delay-constrained end-to-end energy optimization for wireless services
US20110182257A1 (en) * 2010-01-26 2011-07-28 Qualcomm Incorporated White space spectrum commmunciation device with multiplexing capabilties
JP5045778B2 (ja) * 2010-04-05 2012-10-10 富士通株式会社 無線通信システム及び移動局及び無線通信方法
CN101877903B (zh) * 2010-05-31 2012-07-25 华为终端有限公司 基站识别码的搜索方法和装置
US8744367B2 (en) * 2010-08-31 2014-06-03 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Tail optimization protocol for cellular radio resource allocation
US8527627B2 (en) 2010-12-14 2013-09-03 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Intelligent mobility application profiling with respect to identified communication bursts
US9264872B2 (en) 2011-06-20 2016-02-16 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Controlling traffic transmissions to manage cellular radio resource utilization
US9220066B2 (en) 2011-06-20 2015-12-22 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Bundling data transfers and employing tail optimization protocol to manage cellular radio resource utilization
JP5510474B2 (ja) * 2012-02-06 2014-06-04 富士通株式会社 基地局及び移動局及び無線通信システム及び無線通信方法
GB2500283B (en) * 2012-03-12 2015-02-11 Broadcom Corp Method and apparatus for scaling an idle period
CN104160775A (zh) * 2012-03-16 2014-11-19 Nec欧洲有限公司 在移动通信网络、用户终端和基站中执行连接管理的方法
US20150173074A1 (en) * 2012-06-15 2015-06-18 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Random access in a communications network
EP2797267B1 (en) * 2013-04-26 2016-07-27 Airbus Defence and Space Limited Routing data within a communications network
EP3035769B1 (en) * 2014-12-16 2017-11-08 Alcatel Lucent Method and apparatus for releasing pre-reserved radio resources
US9749821B1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2017-08-29 Amazon Technologies, Inc. LTE network interactions for non-duplication of SMS
US9521528B1 (en) 2014-12-19 2016-12-13 Amazon Technologies, Inc Non-duplication of message delivery in a short message service
US9635527B1 (en) 2014-12-19 2017-04-25 Amazon Technologies, Inc. SMS delivery to prevent duplicate SMS messages on LTE
US20160234778A1 (en) * 2015-02-09 2016-08-11 Qualcomm Incorporated Battery status indication within a wi-fi beacon

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI96157C (fi) 1992-04-27 1996-05-10 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Digitaalinen, solukkorakenteinen aikajakokanavointiin perustuva radiopuhelinverkko radioyhteyden siirtämiseksi tukiasemalta uudelle tukiasemalle
FI91345C (fi) 1992-06-24 1994-06-10 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Menetelmä kanavanvaihdon tehostamiseksi
FI96656C (fi) * 1992-11-27 1996-07-25 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Radiojärjestelmä
US5410733A (en) 1993-02-11 1995-04-25 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Received signal strength information measurement useful in a mobile telephone system having mobile assisted handoff capability
GB2282730B (en) 1993-10-08 1998-01-28 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Dual mode subscriber terminal and a handover procedure of the dual mode subscriber terminal in a mobile telecommunication network
GB2297460B (en) * 1995-01-28 1999-05-26 Motorola Ltd Communications system and a method therefor
JP3104958B2 (ja) * 1995-03-08 2000-10-30 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ 移動通信システム
FI100575B (fi) 1995-05-17 1997-12-31 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Menetelmä kanavanvaihdon ja yhteydenmuodostuksen luotettavuuden parant amiseksi sekä solukkoradiojärjestelmä
US5524009A (en) 1995-06-07 1996-06-04 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Fast AGC setting using RSS (I) measurement procedure
US6018661A (en) 1995-10-18 2000-01-25 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Inhibiting and controlling signal strength measurements by a mobile station in a wireless communication system
US5710975A (en) * 1995-12-26 1998-01-20 Motorola, Inc. Selective call transceiver with system approved power saving state
US5774809A (en) 1996-02-12 1998-06-30 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Simplified mobile assisted handoff of signal between cells
US5742594A (en) * 1996-06-13 1998-04-21 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for allocating shared bandwidth among a plurality of users

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH1188945A (ja) 1999-03-30
AU742092B2 (en) 2001-12-20
FI972984A0 (fi) 1997-07-14
ES2192117B1 (es) 2004-08-01
ES2192117A1 (es) 2003-09-16
EP0892571B1 (en) 2006-08-30
EP0892571A3 (en) 2000-01-12
FI105252B (fi) 2000-06-30
JP4638404B2 (ja) 2011-02-23
CN1135037C (zh) 2004-01-14
US6201966B1 (en) 2001-03-13
DE69835721T2 (de) 2007-06-28
CN1264529A (zh) 2000-08-23
EP0892571A2 (en) 1999-01-20
DE69835721D1 (de) 2006-10-12
JP2007068230A (ja) 2007-03-15
WO1999004590A1 (en) 1999-01-28
JP3943253B2 (ja) 2007-07-11
AU8443098A (en) 1999-02-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FI972984L (fi) Menetelmä ajan varaamiseksi matkaviestimelle
FI970399L (fi) Menetelmä käyttäjätunnuksen varaamiseksi
FI962215L (fi) Menetelmä matkaviestimen sijainnin selvittämiseksi
FI973718L (fi) Parannettu menetelmä tukiaseman vaihtamiseksi
FI962518A0 (fi) Menetelmä matkaviestimen aiheuttamien häiriöiden eMenetelmä matkaviestimen aiheuttamien häiriöiden eliminoimiseksi liminoimiseksi
FI971067L (fi) Menetelmä muistin toteuttamiseksi
FI102424B1 (fi) Menetelmä muistin toteuttamiseksi
IS8368A (is) Ný aðferð
DE69933888D1 (de) Ein gruppenkommunikationsgerät und verfahren
IT1294748B1 (it) Formulazione per un dispositivo transdermico
FI19992687A (fi) Menetelmä ja laite matkaviestimen kanssa yhteydessä olevan tukiaseman valitsemiseksi
FI974196L (fi) Menetelmä matkaviestimen sijainnin hajautetuksi määrittelemiseksi
ID26335A (id) Metoda untuk mencegah restenosis dengan menggunakan tokotrienol
FI102425B1 (fi) Menetelmä muistin toteuttamiseksi
FI990731L (fi) Laite ja menetelmä matkapuhelimen ohjaamiseksi
FI974387L (fi) Rullaimen vaihtolaite ja menetelmä rullan vaihtamiseksi
FI965138A (fi) Menetelmä tiedonsiirtolaitteen tunnistamiseksi
IS5106A (is) Ný aðferð
EE04079B1 (et) Mobiilsideseade
DK0919517T3 (da) Indretning og fremgangsmåde til rensning af en påfyldningsdyse
IT1294936B1 (it) Dispositivo di ancoraggio per una protesi mobile
FI960987L (fi) Menetelmä tukiaseman ohjaamiseksi ja tukiasema
FI964510L (fi) Menetelmä ja laite puhelun muodostamiseksi
FI965133L (fi) Menetelmä puhelun ohjaamiseksi
FI964639A0 (fi) Menetelmä rinnakkaisen tilapäispuhelinnumeron määrMenetelmä rinnakkaisen tilapäispuhelinnumeron määrittelemiseksi ittelemiseksi

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
MA Patent expired