FI90051B - FOERFARANDE FOER TILLVERKNING AV EN GLASSKIVA MED ETT TRANSPARENT TUNT LEDANDE SKIKT OCH MED DETTA I KONTAKT VARANDE STROEMLEDNINGSELEKTRODER - Google Patents

Abstract

The contact electrodes are applied to the said coating by a process of spraying under an electric arc.

Description

1 90051

Method of providing a glass sheet with a transparent, thin conductor layer and current conducting electrodes in contact therewith 5

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a glass sheet comprising a support plate of silicate glass, a transparent, electrically conductive layer or a multilayer layer arranged on this support plate and at least one contact electrode in electrical contact with this layer or the multilayer layer.

Glass sheets with an electrically conductive, transparent coating are used for various purposes. In particular, they are used as heated glass sheets (DE-AS 2 044 675, DE-OS 2 936 398), antenna sheets, possibly with an additional heating function (DE-AS 2 360 672, DE-OS 3 410 415) or as window sheets with an electromagnetic shielding effect. (DE-PS 2 946 519).

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Depending on the intended use of the glass sheet, different requirements are placed on the properties of the contact electrodes. The contact electrodes of heated plates must meet the most stringent requirements, have a high transparency with an electrically conductive layer "'25, in the visible spectral range e.g. more than 70% ·: · and at the same time low surface resistance, on the order of 1 -: 10 ohms per square surface and resistors are used at very high current densities Such heated plates must not have any unevenness in the resistance layers, and in particular the contact must take place in such a way as to avoid local current peaks at the transition from the electrodes to the resistance layer.

*: · *: In the method known from DE-AS 2 044 675 for producing a heatable plate, power supply electrodes made of a copper alloy are first introduced onto a support glass plate according to a flame spraying method, and finally the support plate and power supply electrodes are electrically vaporized on the support glass plate. transparent layer in a vacuum. With this method, it must be achieved that the strip-shaped current connection electrodes are mechanically fixed to the glass plate. In this case, a layer made of a copper alloy is first applied to a glass plate, and this layer is also coated, also by the flame spraying method, in a second method step with a metallic protective layer before the electrically conductive, transparent layer is vaporized thereon.

10 Arrangement of the power supply electrodes immediately on the glass surface, i. however, under a vaporized, transparent conductive layer is not useful in all cases. Thus, this method leads to problems, e.g. in the next step, the two glass sheets bent together are further treated with a thermoplastic adhesive layer to form a joint glass sheet. In this case, if the contact electrodes are brought under the conductive layer due to their arrangement, the electrodes thus obtained are subjected to a risk of rupture in the bending furnace due to different heat beam adsorption and undesired deformations in the overlapping glass area. In addition, it has been shown that the coating of the conductive layer on the contact electrodes already present in the evaporation layer at the transition points between the electrodes and the associated glass surface does not take place with the required uniformity and that the resulting irregularities form critical points where the glass sheet: ·: When using, there are local current peaks where the conductive layer is overloaded and lit.

3 90051 after the conductive layer has not proved useful. Namely, it has been found that a thin conductive layer or layer system in a flame spray is discolored and thus even damaged or destroyed under these conditions.

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For these reasons, in order to avoid the described difficulties, the contact electrodes are regularly made of an electrically conductive fuel lacquer, which is pressed onto the conductive layer, for example, by means of a film printing method. However, this method requires an additional step of burning the electrically conductive varnish or composition, since simultaneous firing during the bending step of the pair of glass sheets is not possible.

The invention is based on the object of finding a technically simple method for attaching contact electrodes to glass sheets with thin conductive layers, which method on the other hand allows electrodes to be attached to the conductive layer and which simultaneously have good mechanical adhesion to the conductive layer and the underlying glass surface. additional heat treatment to attach or burn the electrodes.

"25 According to the invention, this object is solved as shown in the characterizing part of claim 1.

In the arc spraying method, in contrast to other known thermal spraying methods, such as wire flame spraying, powder flame spraying, or plasma spraying, two metal wires connected to a direct current source are passed together at a certain angle and melted in a sync. The molten droplets are accelerated with * ": dust gas and thrown to the surface of the workpiece .-" 3: 5. In it, they adhere, usually due to micro-adhesions, the quality of which depends on the quality of the adhesive surface, the spray material and the spray conditions.

4 90051

Although experience with the flame spraying method would have expected all known metal spraying methods to lead to the same result and that the extremely thin and delicate conductive layers 5 would also be damaged or destroyed by the arc spraying method and not sufficiently that the arc-spraying method, as the only known metal-spraying method, forms the contact point 10 in a perfect manner, even with very delicate thin films on the glass sheet. The use of this method brings with it all the desired advantages and is therefore ideally suited to the desired purpose. The additional coating on the thin conductive layer does not present any over-15 flow problems at the electrode-conductive layer interface. In particular, no detrimental or disturbing effect is observed on the thin conductive layer, namely completely contrary to expectations just when air is used as the dusting gas.

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The electrodes can be attached manually by means of a hand-spraying device or automatically by means of a support spraying machine. With very sensitive thin films, nitrogen or another inert gas can be used instead of air as a dusting gas, possibly in a mixture with air or a certain part of oxygen. * Even when using pure metals, silver, copper, aluminum, zinc, titanium or chromium, good results, which, however, can still be further improved, possibly by using suitable mixtures.

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Possibly, the adhesion of the electrodes to the conductive layer can be further improved by heating the glass sheet to an elevated temperature, e.g. a temperature between 200 and 300 ° C, before spraying the electrodes.

- '. 35! Various embodiments of the invention are described in detail below:

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5 90051

Example 1

Equip a straight connecting glass plate with an electrically conductive transparent layer used to protect the space against high-frequency electromagnetic waves.

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The straight, rectangular float glass plate, approx. 3 mm thick, is equipped with a multi-layer layer in a sputtering device supported by a magnetic field. The multilayer layer, starting from the surface of the glass, has the structure: tin oxide - silver - aluminum - tin oxy-10 di.

A float glass sheet with a multi-layer layer is covered with adhesive paper on the side of the layer so that a strip about 1 cm wide is always free along each of the four edges.

15 The aluminum is then sprayed by means of an arc spray head, using compressed air as a dusting gas, over the free edge region, so that the spray head is conveyed along the edge of the glass plate at a distance of about 5 cm.

The bonding wires or metal foil strips are connected to the contact electrodes thus prepared by an ultrasonic welding method. The coating adhesive paper is removed, and the glass sheet thus prepared is joined to another glass sheet by a conventional method of making a connecting glass using a thermoplastic polyvinyl butyral film.

Example 2

The connecting glass plate is provided with a transparent conductive layer which is used as an electrically heated vehicle windscreen.

Two float glass sheets 2 to 3 mm thick are cut to the desired shape, placed on top of each other, and or -: _ 35 is wound as a pair of glass sheets by the usual bending method: ·: to the desired shape. After cooling the pair of bent glass sheets, the second glass sheet is provided on its side facing the other glass sheet in a vacuum coating apparatus with a multilayer layer having a structure of tin oxide - silver - tin oxide.

A glass sheet with a multi-layer layer is covered with a sheet of adhesive paper on the -5 side of the layer, which leaves a strip about 2 cm wide in each case free of the multi-layer layer along the two opposite edges. Copper is sprayed onto these free edge strips by means of an arc spray head, while using compressed air, the spray head 10 being conveyed about 8 cm above this edge strip.

Metal contact wires or other power connection elements are soldered with the contact electrodes thus prepared. The adhesive paper is separated, and the glass sheet thus prepared is further processed together with the second glass sheet of the pair of bent glass sheets by a conventional method into a connecting glass sheet.

Example 3

Again, an electrically heated vehicle wind-20 glass is made.

The large float glass sheet is provided in a flow coating apparatus by sputtering or reactive sputtering with a multiple layer having a lower layer of zinc oxide formed on the surface of the glass, an electrical resistive layer of silver, and an upper protective layer of zinc oxide.

One glass sheet of a pair of glass sheets for a connecting glass sheet is cut from a glass sheet thus laminated, while another 10 glass sheets from this pair of glass sheets are cut from an uncoated float glass sheet. The coated glass sheet is placed on the uncoated glass sheet on the coating side, and the pair of glass sheets is bent according to the usual bending method at a temperature of about 620 ° C. After cooling, the glass plates of the kum-.35 mat are separated from each other.

The coated glass sheet is covered on the coated side with a sheet of adhesive paper, the two opposite edges of which

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7 90051 always leave a strip about 2 cm wide free. Zinc is sprayed onto these exposed edge strips by means of an arc spray head, using nitrogen-enriched compressed air, the spray head being conveyed at a distance of about 5 to 10 cm 5 along the glass plate.

Thus, the glass plate provided with the contact electrodes is provided, as described in Example 2, with power connection wires or power connection elements, and is further treated with the second glass plate 10 by a conventional method as a connection glass plate.

Claims (7)

1. For the purpose of contacting a glass with a glass, which is transparent to a silicate glass, that a transparent electric ledge or laminate is exposed to the crystal and for 20 minutes, the contact electrode and the electrical contact are made of a transparent or laminate, and the contact electrode is hjälp av 1jusbägssprutmetoden, efter det att det electriskedandande skiktet har päförts bärarskivan. 25 A method of manufacturing a glass sheet comprising a support plate of silicate glass, a transparent, electrically conductive layer 5 or a multilayer layer arranged on a support plate, and at least one contact electrode in electrical contact with said layer or multilayer layer, characterized in that the transparent conductive layer is contacted after the support plate 10 has been coated with an electrically conductive layer. 2. A patent according to claim 1, which can be used as a result of a method according to the invention. 30 3. An application is made to claim 1, the application of which is an inert gas, which is equivalent to the use of an inert gas. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that compressed air is used as the dusting gas in arc spraying. 15 Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that an inert gas, such as nitrogen, is used as the dusting gas in arc spraying. 4. A method according to claims 1-3, kannneteck-35 for the metallization of a contact wire with a contact electrode of silver, copper, aluminum, zinc, titanium or chromium, var och en i ren form eller säsom legering av dessa metaller eller med andra metaller. 10 90051 Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that silver, copper, aluminum, zinc, titanium or chromium are used as the metals for the contact electrodes, each in pure form or as a mixture of these metals or with other metals. 25 5. Apparatus for applying a face according to claims 1-4, for contacting a contact electrode head to an electrically led laminate, subjected to a vacuum method of turning or using a cathode forming method, colors of a metal coating halledarförening, i synnerhet av en metalloxid eller en halledaroxid. Use of a method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for applying contact electrodes to an electrically conductive multilayer applied in a vacuum vapor deposition method or by sputtering, the outer protective layer of the multilayer comprising a metal or semiconductor compound, in particular a metal or semiconductor oxide. 6. An embodiment according to claim 5, which comprises an electrically led laminate having a binder of tennoxide which is coated with metallic silver and which has a tin oxide shield. Use according to Claim 5, characterized in that the electrically conductive multilayer layer comprises tin oxide, a metallic silver layer and an outer protective layer of tin oxide arranged as an adhesive layer on the surface of the glass. Il 9 90051 Use according to claim 5 or 6 for the production of bent, heated car glass sheets, wherein the transparent, electrically conductive multilayer layer is coated on a straight glass sheet by a vacuum method, this coated glass sheet is placed on the layer side with another glass sheet, the glass pair is heated then the glass sheets are separated from each other and the electrical bonding electrodes are deposited on a free multilayer layer, and the glass sheets bent together are joined together as bonding glass sheets by interposing a thermoplastic bonding layer, e.g. polyvinyl butyral, using heat and compression. 15 7. Användning enligt patentkravet 5 eller 6 för framställ-15 Ning av krökta, uppvärmningsbara bilglasrutor, i vilka ett transparent, ledande laminat är päfört under vacuum ö en soon glasruta, varvid den belagda rutan pä laminatsidan ei förenad med en andra glasruta, bäda glasrutorna upp-hettas tillsammans account böjningstemperaturen och välvs account 20 önskad form, glasrutorna säras frän varandra efter avkylning och strömanslutningselektroderna päföres ke det friliggande laminatet och de tvä gemensamt böda and three layers of 25 glazes. of