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FI83910C - Method and apparatus for measuring the quantities of a timber knife - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for measuring the quantities of a timber knife Download PDF

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Publication number
FI83910C
FI83910C FI880736A FI880736A FI83910C FI 83910 C FI83910 C FI 83910C FI 880736 A FI880736 A FI 880736A FI 880736 A FI880736 A FI 880736A FI 83910 C FI83910 C FI 83910C
Authority
FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
measuring
bundle
carriage
log
contours
Prior art date
Application number
FI880736A
Other languages
Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI880736A0 (en
FI880736A (en
FI83910B (en
Inventor
Jorma Reponen
Original Assignee
Vision Systems Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vision Systems Oy filed Critical Vision Systems Oy
Priority to FI880736A priority Critical patent/FI83910C/en
Publication of FI880736A0 publication Critical patent/FI880736A0/en
Priority to JP50219489A priority patent/JPH03502835A/en
Priority to AU30581/89A priority patent/AU3058189A/en
Priority to PCT/FI1989/000028 priority patent/WO1989007749A1/en
Priority to EP19890902391 priority patent/EP0403497A1/en
Publication of FI880736A publication Critical patent/FI880736A/en
Publication of FI83910B publication Critical patent/FI83910B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI83910C publication Critical patent/FI83910C/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Description

8391 08391 0

MENETELMÄ JA LAITTEISTO TUKKINIPUN SUUREIDEN MITTAAMISEKSIMETHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE SIZES OF A LOG BEAM

Keksinnön kohteena on menetelmä ja laitteisto tukkinipun suureiden, erityisesti puutilavuuden mittaamiseksi.The invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring the quantities of a log bundle, in particular the volume of wood.

55

Tukkinipun puutilavuuden mittaamisessa on tähän mennessä käytetty upotusmittausta, jossa koko nipun syrjäyttämä vesimäärä vastaa sen tilavuutta. Usein kuitenkin haluttaisiin tietoja tukkien kokojakaumasta sekä halkaisijan että pituuden suhteen. 10 Tarkoissa mittauksissa tunnetun tekniikan mukaan koko nippu pitääkin purkaa ja mitata jokainen tukki erikseen.To date, immersion measurement has been used to measure the volume of wood in a log bundle, where the amount of water displaced by the entire bundle corresponds to its volume. However, information on the size distribution of logs in terms of both diameter and length would often be desired. 10 According to the prior art for precise measurements, the entire bundle must be disassembled and each log measured separately.

Tämän keksinnön tarkoituksena on aikaansaada uusi ja yksinkertainen menetelmä sekä laitteisto tukkinipun suureiden mittaami-15 seksi. Keksinnön mukaisen menetelmän pääasialliset tunnusmerkit on esitetty oheisessa patenttivaatimuksessa 1. Keksinnön pohjana on hahmontunnistuksen soveltaminen tunnistamaan nipun tukkien päät, jonka avulla päästään mittaamaan niiden sijainti. Koska tukit saattavat olla ristikkäin nipussa, saman tukin päiden 20 tunnistaminen molemmin puolin ei välttämättä ole mahdollista. Tästä syystä patenttivaatimuksen 2 mukainen laskentamalli on erityisen edullinen. Tämä antaa hyvällä tarkkuudella nipun koko puutilavuuden. Jakauma voidaan laskea kummakin pään jakauman perusteella. Jos saman tukin molemmat päät tunnistetaan, sen 25 tilavuus voidaan laskea esimerkiksi katkaistuna kartiona.The object of the present invention is to provide a new and simple method and apparatus for measuring the quantities of a log bundle. The main features of the method according to the invention are set out in the appended claim 1. The invention is based on the application of pattern recognition to identify the ends of a bundle of logs, by means of which their location can be measured. Because the logs may be crosswise in a bundle, it may not be possible to identify the ends 20 of the same log on either side. Therefore, the calculation model according to claim 2 is particularly advantageous. This gives the entire volume of wood in the bundle with good accuracy. The distribution can be calculated based on the distribution of each head. If both ends of the same log are identified, its volume 25 can be calculated, for example, as a truncated cone.

Keksinnön mukaisen laitteiston pääasialliset tunnusmerkilliset piirteet on esitetty vaatimuksessa 4. Kamera voi olla joko matriisikamera tai tavallinen analoginen videokamera, jonka kuva 30 erikseen digitalisoidaan. Erityisen edullista on käyttää lineaa-rikameraa, koska se voidaan asentaa samaan kelkkaan kuin etäisyyden mittauslaite.The main characteristic features of the apparatus according to the invention are set out in claim 4. The camera can be either a matrix camera or an ordinary analog video camera, the image 30 of which is separately digitized. It is particularly advantageous to use a linear camera because it can be mounted on the same carriage as the distance measuring device.

Seuraavassa keksintöä havainnollistetaan oheisen kuvan avulla, 35 joka esittää esimerkkinä kahdella mittausyksiköllä varustettua tukkinipun mittausjärjestelmää.In the following, the invention is illustrated by the accompanying figure 35, which shows an example of a log bundle measuring system with two measuring units.

Tukkinippu l asetetaan mittausta varten haarukkaan 2, joka rajaa tällöin mittausalueen. Haarukkaan 2 liittyy tavanomainen kuorman 40 punnituselin, jolla saadaan mitattua koko nipun (1) paino.For measurement, the log bundle 1 is placed on the fork 2, which then delimits the measuring range. Attached to the fork 2 is a conventional load weighing member 40 for measuring the weight of the entire bundle (1).

2 83910 Järjestelmän perusosat ovat mittausyksiköt 3 ja 8 molemmin puolin haarukan 2 kantamaa nippua ja laskentalaitteisto 9. Se muodostuu AT-tyypin mikrotietokoneesta ja siihen liitetystä kirjoittimesta 7 saadaan tulostettua kutakin nippua koskevat 5 tiedot.2 83910 The basic components of the system are the measuring units 3 and 8 on each side of the bundle carried by the fork 2 and the calculating equipment 9. It consists of an AT-type microcomputer and the printer 7 connected to it can print the data for each bundle 5.

Mittausyksiköt 3 ja 8 käsittävät kelkan 4 ja sen siirtolait-teiston 5 sekä kelkkaan asennetut IR-laserpulssi-etäisyysmit-taus-laitteen 10 ja CCD-lineaarivideokameran 6.The measuring units 3 and 8 comprise a carriage 4 and its transmission equipment 5, as well as an IR laser pulse distance measuring device 10 and a CCD linear video camera 6 mounted on the carriage.

1010

Mittausyksiköt 3 ja 8 on asennettu nippuhaarukan 2 suhteen siten, että ne ovat nipun 1 tukkien pääsuunnan kanssa samassa linjassa. Haarukka 2 rajaa mittausalueeksi n 2,8 m x 2,8 m. Kelkan 4 siirtolaitteisto 5 on mitoitettu kattamaan koko tämä 15 alue niin, että sekä kuvaus että etäisyysmittaus tapahtuvat kohtisuoraan nipun päitä vasten.The measuring units 3 and 8 are mounted with respect to the bundle fork 2 so that they are in line with the main direction of the logs of the bundle 1. The fork 2 limits the measuring area to 2.8 m x 2.8 m. The transfer device 5 of the carriage 4 is dimensioned to cover the entire area 15 so that both the description and the distance measurement take place perpendicular to the ends of the bundle.

Mittauksen suoritus tapahtuu seuraavasti. Mitattava tukkinippu 1 asetetaan haarukkaan 2. Siirtolaitteen 5 avulla kelkkaa 4 20 aletaan siirtää askeltamalla mittausalueen yli. Jokaisen vaakasuuntaisen pyyhkäisyn jälkeen vaakasuuntaista liukukiskoa lasketaan sopivan askeleen verran. Etäisyysmittaukset rekisteröidään laskentalaitteelle 9 matriisiksi. Lineaarikameraa 6 ei välttämättä tarvitse kuljettaa niin tiheään kentän yli. Jos 25 kameran 6 viivasensori on pystysuunnassa, niin muutama pyyhkäisy riittää. Käytännössä on yksinkertaisempaa suorittaa kuvaus erikseen. Kuvaus aikaansaa toisen matriisin, jossa yksi alkio sisältää kyseisen kuva-alkion valovoimakkuuden numeroarvona 0...255.The measurement is performed as follows. The log bundle 1 to be measured is placed on the fork 2. By means of the transfer device 5, the carriage 4 20 is started to be moved by stepping over the measuring range. After each horizontal sweep, the horizontal slide rail is lowered by a suitable step. The distance measurements are registered to the calculator 9 as a matrix. The linear camera 6 does not necessarily have to be transported over such a dense field. If the line sensor 6 of the 25 cameras is vertical, then a few sweeps will suffice. In practice, it is simpler to perform the description separately. The description provides a second matrix in which one element contains the luminance of that pixel as a numeric value 0 ... 255.

3030

Kuvan käsittely alkaa etsimällä kuvamatrlisistä raja-arvopis-teet, joissa kuvan kirkkaus muuttuu jyrkästi. Tämän jälkeen saatuihin raja-arvopisteisiin yritetään sovittaa erikokoisia kaaria. Tukin pään hahmon hyväksymiseen voidaan käyttää usean-35 laisia kriteereinä. Jos esimerkiksi kahden lähekkäisen kaaren väliseen tilaan osuu hyväksymisrajaksi asetettua enemmän raja-arvopisteitä, tällöin voidaan olettaa näiden pisteiden kuvaavan tukin päätä. Loput hahmoon kuuluvat raja-arvopisteet löytyvätImage processing begins by looking for cut-off points in the image matrix where the brightness of the image changes sharply. Attempts are then made to fit arches of different sizes to the limit values obtained. Multiple-35 can be used as criteria for accepting a log head character. For example, if the space between two adjacent arcs is hit by more limit values than the acceptance limit, then it can be assumed that these points describe the end of the log. The rest of the limit points in the character can be found

Claims (7)

1. En metod för att mätä en timmerbunts (l) storheter, särskilt trävolymen, kännetecknad av att man avläser stockarnas 5 ändkonturer i buntens bäda ändar och mäter de avlästa konturernas position och vid behov mäter man hela buntens vikt, pä vilka uppgifters grundval man beräknar de önskade storheterna med hjälp av en kalkylmodell.1. A method for measuring the quantities of a log bundle (l), in particular the wood volume, characterized by reading the end contours of the logs at the bed ends of the bundle and measuring the position of the read contours and, if necessary, measuring the whole weight of the bundle, on the basis of which data is calculated the desired quantities using a calculation model. 2. En metod enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknad av att som kalkylmodell för trävolymen används summan av en frän bäda ändar tili medelpunkten beräknad cylindervolym, där som cylindrarnas area används de avlästa konturernas areor.2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, as the calculation model for the wood volume, the sum of a frayed bed ends to the calculated volume of the average point is used, where as the area of the cylinders the areas of the read contours are used. 3. En metod enligt patentkrav 1 eller 2, kännetecknad av att avläsningen av stockarnas ändkonturer utförs i följande faser: gränsvärdespunkterna avsöks frän den digitaliserade bilden, 20. bägelement av marginal-bredd anpassas pä gränsvärdena, stockens ändkontur godkänns för alla eller enligt vissa kriterier för de fall där gränsvärdespunkter med tillräcklig frekvens träffar bägelementet, varje kontur fullbordas genom att estimera de delar av 25 bägen som fattas i cirkeln.3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reading of the log contours is carried out in the following phases: the boundary point points are scanned from the digitized image, 20. marginal-width wall elements are adapted to the boundary values, the log end contour is approved for all or according to certain criteria for the cases where boundary points of sufficient frequency strike the beaker element, each contour is completed by estimating the parts of the beaker taken in the circle. 4. En anläggning för förverkligande av metoden enligt patentkrav 1, där en beröringsfri mätenhet är monterad i en fast position vid buntgaffelns (2) sida, dvs. i stockarnas antagna 30 längdriktning, kännetecknad av att tili mätenheten hör en vagn (4) och anordningar för dess förflyttning (5), med vilka vagnen (4) förs över hela det av buntgaffeln (2) definierade mät-omrädet, och pä vilken vagnen har monterats en IR-pulslaser (10) eller annan pä ljusets hastighet baserad avständsmätare, och att 35 tili anordningen hör en eller flera kameror (6) för att avbilda hela mätomrädet, styranordningar för att styra vagnen (4) anordningar för att registrera avbildningen och avständs-40 mätningen, 6 83910 - kalkyleringsapparatur (9) för att behandla de registrerade avbildningarna och mätningarna.An installation for realizing the method according to claim 1, wherein a contactless measuring unit is mounted in a fixed position at the side of the stack fork (2), ie. in the longitudinal direction of the logs, characterized in that the measuring unit belongs to a carriage (4) and means for its displacement (5), with which the carriage (4) is moved over the entire measuring area defined by the stack fork (2), and on which the carriage has mounted an IR pulse laser (10) or other light meter based on the speed of light, and that the device includes one or more cameras (6) for imaging the entire measuring range, control means for controlling the carriage (4) means for recording the imaging and distance measurement, 6 83910 - calculating apparatus (9) for processing the recorded images and measurements. 5. En anläggning enligt patentkrav 4, kännetecknad av 5 att till anläggningen hör pä bäda sidor om buntgaffeln (2) monterade mätenheter (3, 8).5. An installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the installation belongs to both sides of the stack fork (2) on measuring sides (3, 8). 6. En anläggning enligt patentkrav 4, kännetecknad av att tili anläggningen hör en anordning för vridande av bunt- 10 gaffeln (2), med vilken bunten kan vridas 180° och avbildningar och mätningar kan utföras med användande av endast en mätenhet (3)-6. A plant according to claim 4, characterized in that the plant includes a device for rotating the stack fork (2), with which the bundle can be rotated 180 ° and images and measurements can be carried out using only one measuring unit (3) - 7. En anläggning enligt patentkrav 4, 5 eller 6, 15 kännetecknad av en linjärkamera (6) är monterad pä vagnen (4), varvid dess bildlinje sveper över hela mätomrädet antingen i ett eller flera lager.A system according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized by a linear camera (6) mounted on the carriage (4), its image line sweeping over the entire measuring range either in one or more bearings.
FI880736A 1988-02-17 1988-02-17 Method and apparatus for measuring the quantities of a timber knife FI83910C (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI880736A FI83910C (en) 1988-02-17 1988-02-17 Method and apparatus for measuring the quantities of a timber knife
JP50219489A JPH03502835A (en) 1988-02-17 1989-02-16 Method and apparatus for measuring log piles
AU30581/89A AU3058189A (en) 1988-02-17 1989-02-16 A method and equipment for measuring a pile of logs
PCT/FI1989/000028 WO1989007749A1 (en) 1988-02-17 1989-02-16 A method and equipment for measuring a pile of logs
EP19890902391 EP0403497A1 (en) 1988-02-17 1989-02-16 A method and equipment for measuring a pile of logs

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI880736A FI83910C (en) 1988-02-17 1988-02-17 Method and apparatus for measuring the quantities of a timber knife
FI880736 1988-02-17

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
FI880736A0 FI880736A0 (en) 1988-02-17
FI880736A FI880736A (en) 1989-08-18
FI83910B FI83910B (en) 1991-05-31
FI83910C true FI83910C (en) 1991-09-10

Family

ID=8525932

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FI880736A FI83910C (en) 1988-02-17 1988-02-17 Method and apparatus for measuring the quantities of a timber knife

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0403497A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03502835A (en)
AU (1) AU3058189A (en)
FI (1) FI83910C (en)
WO (1) WO1989007749A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI85542C (en) * 1989-11-27 1992-04-27 Vision Systems Oy FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER MAETNING AV KNIPPEN.
DE4303213C2 (en) * 1992-07-08 1995-05-11 Abb Patent Gmbh Method and arrangement for determining the impact area of a bulk material mass flow by means of image evaluation
SE515950C2 (en) * 1999-06-23 2001-10-29 Acanova Ab Method and apparatus for measuring the log surface profile of a log
EP1212614A1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2002-06-12 Opti-Wood APS Method for quality determination and handling of elongate wood items
DE102009027449A1 (en) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-05 Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaft und Kunst Fachhochschule Hildesheim/Holzminden/Göttingen Registration of round logs
EP2568252A1 (en) 2011-09-06 2013-03-13 HM Puidukaubandus OÜ Method and a device for accurate measuring of volume of timber
JP6828220B1 (en) 2018-09-17 2021-02-10 データログ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー Log weighing system and related methods
FI20195628A1 (en) * 2019-07-11 2021-01-12 Teknosavo Oy Method for determination of volume of pulp wood or timber stack
JP7113533B2 (en) * 2020-03-12 2022-08-05 株式会社オートインスペクト Automatic pipe inspection device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI51534C (en) * 1972-03-27 1977-01-10 Kajaani Oy Method and device for measuring the flank density of a wood pile.
US3852579A (en) * 1973-03-23 1974-12-03 Sun Studs Method and apparatus for determining the surface configuration of elongate objects, particularly logs
FI54971C (en) * 1974-02-07 1979-04-10 Kajaani Oy FOERFARANDE FOER MAETNING AV FLANKTAETHETEN AV EN VEDTRAVE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3058189A (en) 1989-09-06
FI880736A0 (en) 1988-02-17
FI880736A (en) 1989-08-18
EP0403497A1 (en) 1990-12-27
FI83910B (en) 1991-05-31
WO1989007749A1 (en) 1989-08-24
JPH03502835A (en) 1991-06-27

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Owner name: VISION SYSTEMS OY