FI80479B - Horizontal converter - Google Patents

Description

1 80479

This invention relates to furnaces used in non-ferrous metallurgy, and more particularly to a horizontal converter.

The present invention can be used to convert copper, nickel, copper-nickel and multimetal (complex) stone, with a wide range of non-ferrous metals in the starting stones, to obtain end products such as converter fines and crude copper.

The efficiency of fine stone converters has now become a paramount factor in metallurgy. This means higher production capacity for fine stone converters, higher yields of non-ferrous metals to produce higher volumes of finished products such as converter fines and raw copper, lower refractory costs for converter repairs, and less workload in converter maintenance.

Previously known is a vessel for metallurgical use which is a horizontal converter (cf. for example Sovremennoe Oborodovanie dlia Plavki Mednykh Rud za Rubezhom, Modern Equipment for Copper Ore Smelting Abroad, Heavy Non-Ferrous Metal Production Series, Moscow, 1976, DK Portnov, AG Khamin, pp. 38-39, in Russian) for combined roasting, smelting and conversion of ore. This converter has a cylindrical housing with an orifice for charging incoming substances, pouring slag and degassing, which orifice is arranged on the surface of the housing symmetrically with respect to the vertical symmetry plane of said housing. The housing is provided with tubes for supplying oxygen blowing some distance from the mouth, to the part of the housing bounded by one of the base walls of the converter and the mouth, 80809 transversely to each other and to the vertical plane of symmetry of the vessel, in one row along its base line.

The part of the converter housing which is below the mouth and the part delimited by the other wall of the mouth and the vessel is intended for the settling of slag.

Such a converter is an efficient device for handling sulfide substances.

But such a converter is still deficient in the sense that its production capacity is not high enough because the number of tubes is limited and cannot be increased.

A horizontal converter for fine stone processing is also known in the past (cf., for example, D.A. Diomidovski, Metallurgicheskie Pechi, Metallurgical Furnaces, Moscow, Metallurgizdat Pubi., 1961, p.

641-648), comprising loading the housing and an orifice fitted to its cylindrical surface, such as liquid fines, fluxes and solids, containing non-ferrous metals, a process for removing liquid substances such as slag, converter fines and crude copper; . The mouth opening is arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane of symmetry of the container. The tubes for blowing are arranged in the container housing along the base line of its cylindrical surface in one row some distance from the mouth opening. The vertical planes passing through the axis of each tube are parallel to each other and to the vertical plane of symmetry of the vessel.

This converter can also be used to efficiently process fine stones.

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But arranging the tubes in the converter housing, in which the vertical planes passing through the axes of the tubes are parallel to each other and to the vertical plane of symmetry of the converter, causes a solidified melt to accumulate in the converter nose. This is because the melt leaves the surface of the bath just below the nozzle of the converter, where it accumulates. To remove scale, the converter should be stopped, which shortens its operating time and impairs production efficiency.

In addition, the scale formed on the nozzle of the converter narrows its opening. The speed of the gases released by the stable blowing increases as does the amount of dust leaving the converter. The more dust the converter becomes, the less non-ferrous metals are produced and the lower the amount of finished product - converter fine stone and raw copper.

In addition, if all the tubes are arranged in parallel, a sufficiently strong mass transfer in the upper layers of the melt will not be achieved, which slows down the slag formation process and as a result the flux mixes unevenly.

Such an arrangement of tubes also creates conditions under which melt can enter the tubes when liquid and solids are charged to the converter. The melt solidifies on the inner surfaces of the pipes, which may damage them. The interval between converter overhauls is shortened and thus their efficiency deteriorates.

The object of the invention is to provide a horizontal converter in which the oxygen blowing tubes are arranged in such a way that the production efficiency of the converter is higher and the yield of metals increases.

The horizontal converter according to the invention comprises a cylindrical housing with an orifice for charging raw materials, pouring liquids and removing process gases 4,8479, arranged on the cylindrical surface of the housing symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane of symmetry of the converter, and with blowing tubes along its base line some distance from the mouth, and the converter is characterized in that the tubes are arranged to tilt left and right from the vertical plane of symmetry of the converter, the angle between said vertical plane and the vertical plane passing through the axis of the tube varying from 10 ° to 25 °.

Such an arrangement of pipes provides conditions in which gases carrying melt splashes are released from the mouth to the left and right. These splashes fall on the liner of the vessel and from there back into the bath. This reduces the amount of melt carried by the released gases that solidify at the mouth of the converter.

The performance of the converter is improved because its downtime required to remove scale from the edges of the mouth is shortened. In addition, the yield of metals increases as does the amount of finished products, converter fines and crude copper, as the loss of metals with the released process gases is reduced.

Such an arrangement of tubes eliminates the possibility of melt entering them when liquid and solids are charged to the vessel. This ensures the operation of the pipes throughout the service life between basic renovations and therefore improves the production capacity of the converter.

In addition, such an arrangement of tubes improves the movement of the melt mass in the converter bath and improves the slag formation conditions and causes the flux to mix evenly.

When the pipes are tilted left and right from the vertical plane of symmetry of the converter at an angle of less than 10ο, the amount of scum 5 80479 deposited at the mouth of the converter is still high, as is the metal loss with the process gases. The production efficiency of the converter is reduced and the yield of non-ferrous metals is substantially reduced in the final products of converter processing (converter fine stone and raw copper).

When the tubes are tilted to the left and right of the vertical plane of symmetry of the converter at an angle greater than 25 °, the output power of the converter remains at the same level as when the tubes are arranged at an angle of 10 ° -25 °. But if the inclination rises above 25 °, the manufacture of the refractory liner of the converter and the maintenance of the pipes become difficult in the operation process of the converter.

An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a horizontal converter according to the invention, seen from the side of the tubes; Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 1, in which the axes of the tubes are conventionally marked, according to the invention.

The horizontal converter has a cylindrical housing 1 (Fig. 1) lined with a refractory brick lining. The mouth opening 2 (Fig. 2) is arranged in the cylindrical wall of the housing 1 symmetrically with respect to the vertical syrammetry plane of the converter. The converter is also provided with tubes 3 (Figures 1 and 2) arranged in one row along the base line of the cylindrical wall of the converter housing 1 some distance from the mouth opening 2.

The tubes 3 are tilted left and right from the vertical plane of symmetry of the converter. The angle OC (Fig. 2) between said plane of symmetry and each vertical plane passing through the axis 4 of each tube 3 is 20 °. The distance from the nose of each tube 3 to the vertical plane of symmetry of the converter is greater than the distance from the point where this tube 3 joins the converter housing 1 to the plane of symmetry.

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Such an arrangement of pipes 3 creates conditions in which process gases which carry melt splashes are released to the left and right of the mouth. Said splashes fall on the liner of the converter and from there back into the bath. In this way, the amount of melt solidifying at the mouth of the converter is significantly reduced, as is the amount of melt leaving with the released gases. The production efficiency of the converter is thus improved and the yield of the final products - converter-fine stone and raw copper - is increased. In addition, with such an arrangement of the tubes 3, the melt cannot enter these tubes when liquid and solid starting materials are charged to the converter. The pipes thus operate throughout the period between renovations, which in turn contributes to improving the performance of the converter.

In this example, the angle 0 ° is 20 °, but can vary from 10 ° to 25 °. The angle is selected according to the size of the vessel.

The horizontal converter made according to the invention operates as follows.

The housing 1 of the converter lined with refractory brick cladding is placed so that the cams of the tubes 3 are above the geometric axis of the converter, i.e. above the theoretically possible surface of the melt in the vessel. The molten fines are poured from mouth 2. When a sufficient amount of fines has been charged to the converter, an oxidation blast (air or oxygen-rich air) is turned on. The converter is turned so that the pipes 3 sink into the molten fine stone to a depth of 300-500 mm. When this depth is reached, the converter is stopped.

When blasting fine stone, the flux 7 80479 containing silica is charged to the converter through the orifice 2 together with solid raw materials, including the final non-ferrous metals.

When the fine stone is blown by oxygen blowing, the oxygen in the blowing oxidizes the iron sulphide in the fine stone to form liquid iron oxide and gaseous sulfur dioxide. Iron oxide reacts with flux silica to form slag. Gaseous sulfur dioxide leaves the vessel with the process gases released through the mouth.

Once the slag has formed in the converter, the vessel is turned, the blowing is stopped and the slag is poured out of the vessel.

After the slag has been poured out, a new batch of fine stone is poured into the remaining non-ferrous metal-enriched sulphide pulp and the operation is repeated until a sufficient amount of non-ferrous metal-enriched sulphide pulp is obtained in the vessel. This amount should be sufficient to obtain full weight combustion corresponding in weight to the capacity of the converter.

Claims (1)

A horizontal converter comprising a cylindrical housing (1) with an orifice (2) arranged symmetrically on the cylindrical surface of the housing with respect to the vertical symmetrical plane of the converter for charging raw materials, pouring liquid substances and discharging process gases (3) and blowing process gases. arranged on the cylindrical wall of the converter housing (1) in one row along the base line of the wall some distance from the mouth (2), characterized in that the tubes (3) are inclined left and right from the vertical plane of symmetry of the converter, said plane of symmetry and the axis of the tube (3) the angle (a) between the vertical planes passing through varies from 10 ° to 25 °. In the case of a horizontal converter with a cylindrical shape (1) with and without a cylindrical converter symmetrically and vertically, the converter has a vertical symmetrical shape (2) for a material of the material, the production of the product and the process, ) in which an anchorage of a converter (1) is a cylindrical anchor in the form of a converter (1) an invertebrate in the form of a converter (2) varvid vinkein (a) with the presence of symmetrical and shielded vertical planes of the genome and the blanks (3) Axel utgör 10-25 °.