FI110359B - Corrugated wood product, process for its manufacture and wood construction - Google Patents

Description

11035?

The present invention relates to a wood product according to the preamble of claim 1, a wood structure according to claim 10 and a process according to claim 14 for the production of a corrugated wood board.

The simplest way to make a wood-like product is to make a shingle. Traditionally, trimmings have been used to illuminate rooms and later to cover roofs and walls of buildings. The main products are characterized by warping both during manufacture and when they dry. Similarly, their characteristics include easy bendability.

The earliest shoulders were short, but recently a method has been developed for making a long head (eg FI 98282). The long shank is obtained by planing the lining over the entire length of the log. Such a product is obtained without the loss of timber 15 in the form of chips or chips. At the same time, it makes it possible to produce thin wood products whose manufacturing by sawing and planing would cause too much material loss. Thus, in the process described in Finnish Patent 98282, planed veneers are of rough wood and have a thickness of about 0.1 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 10 mm.

2 °; The Wood of Finland competition, launched in Finland in 1999, featured a product consisting of two cross-glued and corrugated plywood. The cost of such a special product is high, since turning veneer for plywood is quite expensive. On the other hand, the veneer I · · # *, .. in plywood cuts relatively easily under stress.

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In the illustrated long shank, the wood fibers have the original orientation, and so the shoulder has, ···. good deflection and bending resistance in the longitudinal direction, but very poor in the transverse direction.

, · * ·. For this reason, wood veneers are typically made of plywood with a plurality of veneers interposed, and the veneers are generally bonded together by an adhesive film consisting of heat-softening adhesive and adhesive impregnated paper. The heat-softening adhesive '' usually cures later, ie it crosslinks with the same heat.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the problems of the prior art and to provide a completely new product made from wood and a process for its production.

2 110359

The invention is based on the surprising finding that by placing two long ribs on top of one another with an adhesive layer between them, shaping such an arrangement and allowing the adhesive layer to cure, a well-formed corrugated wood product is obtained.

More specifically, the product of the invention is characterized in what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The wood structure according to the invention is characterized in what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 10.

The method according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 14.

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The invention provides numerous significant advantages. The process for manufacturing the present wood product is simple and efficient. When planing thin veneers of wood length by making rough wood, there is no material loss. Compared to turning veneer for plywood, the manufacture of shingles used in the invention is more advantageous. 20 On the other hand, thin veneers are lightweight and require no special equipment. The manufacture of the molds required by the invention is reasonably easy and inexpensive, so that the individual manufacture of the molds for each application of the corrugated product is profitable.

• · · • · · * »

Soundproofing of buildings has long been a problem that has not been cheaply built !!! 25 to solve. The general technique of vibration damping is based on the law of physics, whose variables are mass and damper, and with their correct ratio it is just ···, a certain frequency sound. Footsteps have been one of the most difficult to solve. Featuring I i <, ···. the structure of the present invention has at least two different elastic modules; i i »*. the elasticity of the wave structure and the elasticity of the uncompressed wood. If used '!!! 30 suitable adhesives, there is still a third modulus of elasticity in the product, namely the elasticity of the adhesive. Further, if the shingles are of different wood quality, more different ';' · 'Damping factors and acoustic damping modifications.

110359 3

The wood product of the present invention provides a more elastic, more yielding structure than, for example, plywood. The plywood structure is pressed with relatively high pressure, the material is often hard wood and the structure is cross-laminated. The more elastic material distributes the mechanical stress over a larger area and does not accumulate 5 local stress peaks in the structure.

When the structure is part of the interior design of the building, the original beautiful structure of the wood is visible and can be highlighted, for example, by wetting and brushing or similar methods.

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The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a corrugated wood product according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a structure of a floor surface of a building; beam with a web comprising a corrugated wood product.

In the context of the present invention, "shingle" refers to thin pieces of wood, for example, planed, bevelled or otherwise grooved, typically about 0.1 to 50 mm, preferably about 0.5 to 20 mm, and particularly preferably 1-10 mm.

• Ϊ Most preferably shoulder blades are long, full-length, but their length can be optimized to suit any situation. Most typically, the shoulder length is therefore at least about 5 m, preferably 8 to 15 m. The shoulder is also referred to as "wood veneer" or "molding". The term "long shank" is used in particular to describe the case where the shank is "" <25 in length, substantially untreated.

• · ·, “Corrugated” wood product means that the product has at least one wave. The waves are typically arranged such that the waves are at an angle of at least 10 °, preferably about 45 to 90 °, and in particular about 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the shank, but the waves are M · t. * ··. 30 may also be substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the shoulder. The height of the waves and the distance between the waves vary depending on the intended use of the wood product.

t »·! '. Most typically, the wave height is about 0.1 to 50 cm, preferably about 1 to 20 cm, and in particular about 1 to 10 cm. The distance between the wavy ridges can vary very widely, so that the distance between them can be, for example, 1 to 200 cm, preferably 1 to 100 cm, and in particular about 2 to 10 cm.

Typically, the wave pattern is substantially regular, but for example in lighting or interior applications, it may be contemplated that the height of the waves, the distance between the waves, or the angle of the waves with respect to the length of the shoe will vary.

The corrugated wood product according to the invention comprises at least two corrugated beads at least substantially parallel to each other, placed on top of each other and secured to one another by an adhesive layer 3 (see Fig. 1).

The corrugated wood product is produced by placing at least two ribs at least substantially parallel to one another with an adhesive layer between them. The shoulders are pressed together and the structure is shaped at the same time to form at least one wave, preferably with respect to the longitudinal direction of the shoulders. Optionally, the product may also be heated during shaping. After the adhesive layer has cured, the product is removed from the molds. In this way, the corrugated wood product retains its shape well.

The wood fibers at each or all ends of the corrugated wood product 20 of the invention are arranged substantially parallel. Most preferably, the shoulders are joined '; such that the lower surface obtained by the blade in planing, i.e., the surface which rises along the bevel of the blade, is bonded with an adhesive to one of the edges, preferably the corresponding surface of the other blade.

25 The shingle can be, for example, birch, pine, spruce, aspen, alder, oak, maple, »I I · linden, elm or sapwood. Preferably, the shingle is birch. The first preferred ··. according to an embodiment, the two strands above are selected so that they are different '··. the type of wood.

• · ·, 30 The adhesive layer is either an adhesive as such or an I · paper or fabric impregnated with an adhesive or a fibrous web or an adhesive coated film such as aluminum foil.

• ·; '. With impregnated paper or the like, the adhesive is evenly distributed over the surface of the shoulder.

5 110359

Preferably, a known wood glue, such as melamine, urea and phenol formaldehyde, is used as the adhesive. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesive used is a polyurethane adhesive, particularly preferably a one-component polyurethane adhesive, which obtains the -OH groups required for curing from the water in the wood and foams during curing. This provides a corrugated wood product having at least three different elastic modulus as a sound insulation of a building. First there is the elasticity of the wave structure, secondly the elasticity of the uncompressed wood and thirdly the elasticity of the adhesive.

Another preferred adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol, especially when the wood chips are suitably dry. Polyvinyl alcohol gives a very strong gluing result as its viscosity increases tremendously as water is removed.

For example, a polyethylene resin (PE-LD, PE-LLD, PE-15 MD or PE-HD) or polypropylene resin is also suitable as an adhesive. In this case, the beads are bonded together by melting the plastic between the beads, after which the piece is shaped and cooled.

According to a third preferred embodiment of the invention, paper or fabric impregnated with an adhesive is used in the adhesive layer. This is advantageous in particular for the consistency of the product, since the tissue or the like takes up the · · • «· '; transverse to the load. This also allows you to set many

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t · ,,, flush parallel to both sides of the adhesive seam. Such a procedure is often advantageous, since it is possible to produce at one time a wider wood structure comprising • t. ^ a plurality of parallel pairs of pawls, with an adhesive layer between them. On the other hand, such an arrangement makes it possible to produce a wood structure I (·) of corrugated wood products of the desired size.

I («* · *

Also on the other flat surface of the shoulder, that is, one that does not squeeze the other flap

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For example, a layer of adhesive or fabric treated with adhesive may be added, ··, 30 (e.g. fabric) or paper or a film coated with adhesive, e.g. aluminum foil. either

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one or both of the pairs of flaps can be treated in this way. Especially when <* ·; when the finished wood product is used below the floor surface to attenuate the sound of the step, it is advantageous to wax or coat with the plastic film those parts of the finished structure which 6 11035? touch each other. This treatment is preferably carried out before assembling the structure. Such a procedure dampens creaking.

The shoulder blades between which the adhesive layer is interposed are pressed with molds so that a force is applied to the pair of paws from both the top and bottom to form the shoulder waves. Typically, there is a mold with a desired wave pattern both above and below the paired pair. In most cases, upper die is pressed in place against the underside of the permanent mold, although it is also possible to press the molds together from both sides or the underside of the mold to squeeze the top side towards the mold, wherein the top side of the die remains stationary.

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a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention, the underside of the corrugated structure made of a mold used in the past. In this case, a large enough rigid storage stack is always squeezed over the new product. By doing so, you no longer need to deal with the warehouse stack separately, but can pack it and send it to the customer for further processing.

15

During design, heat is typically, but not necessarily, utilized. A typical temperature used during shaping is about 140-160 ° C.

It is also possible to corrugate a plurality of limbs at a time by stacking, for example, four veneers, with an adhesive layer between each of the limbs. These. *: pressed and molded until the adhesive has cured.

* I ·

The molded shoulders are preferably treated with fire-retardant chemicals, such as borax or other known flame retardants, in the normal way. Flame retardants, ..: 25 may also be added to adhesives used in the adhesive layer.

The corrugated wood products of the invention can be stiffened so that they or wood structures made from them are suitable for a variety of applications.

Thus, according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, one or more corrugated wood products are superimposed so that the waves of the boards are phased, leaving gaps between the waves. It is also possible to cut the corrugated wood product into a narrower direction parallel to the main dimension of the structure: / / · instead of or in addition to the aforementioned corrugated wood products. Such a design is preferably used in luminaires with the light source (s) behind the product. Another possibility is to use the structure as a silencer.

According to a sixth embodiment of the invention, the waves are cross-linked to provide a 5-dimensional honeycomb structure. In other words, one or more corrugated wood products are superimposed so that the waveguides of the wood products are crosswise.

According to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional honeycomb structure described above is made of extremely thin and long chips, whereby the waves are connected to a cross 10 as described above. Such a structure absorbs shock energy well.

According to an eighth embodiment of the invention, the shoulders are strongly corrugated such that the waves are high and preferably narrow. The heavily corrugated product of the invention can be sawed across the waveguides to provide half waves. These are preferably glued to the grooves grooved on the inner surfaces of the continuous sheet blank to provide a slightly flexible yet rigid sheet structure.

According to a ninth preferred embodiment of the invention, the wood product is corrugated such that the wave or waves are in the longitudinal direction of the shingle. In this case, the waves are preferably 20 rather shallow and wide. Figure 3 shows a corrugated wood structure according to this embodiment. In the solution shown in the figure, there is an adhesive layer 33 disposed between the first 31 and the second shoulder> · ·; ··· 32. If the corrugation, as in Figure 3, is at least substantially parallel to the shoulder, many are preferred; pairs side by side and also covers the outer surfaces of the shoulder blades 34, 35 with adhesive .- "S 25 material in hydrogen or impregnated paper, cloth, or the like.

The corrugated wood product is generally suitable for use as is, or two or more corrugated wood products may be combined into a wood structure. The joining is most typically done using an adhesive layer, but nails, staples *: '30 or stitches can also be used for attachment.

The following are some of the applications in which corrugated wood products or: ': wood structures made from them can be used: 8 110359 1. As a stepping sound element beneath the floor of a building (see also Figure 2). In Figure 2, the corrugated wood product 1 according to the invention is placed below the floor surface 12 and underneath floor elements such as ingots 13. The hard panel 14 is preferably positioned to reinforce the seam of the floor elements 13.

5 2. As a sound insulation element in wall or ceiling structures.

3. Under the floor of the building as a cable and water supply connection.

10 4. As a bonding wave between the bottom surface and the top surface to provide a sandwich structure. The wave is then raised vertically between the plates. The waves may also be stacked with a suitable phase difference to form a wall surface (cf. the Fifth Embodiment of the Invention above) which acts as a light emitter and / or acoustic element in walls or ceilings. Such acoustic panels may be either fixed to the wall or ceiling structure or may be separately suspended.

5. In offices, shops or similar partitions or similar partitions. The partition wall may consist of one or more corrugated wood products. Corrugated •. * ·: 20 wood products or elements assembled from them stand essentially on their own profile.

6. In luminaires and / or as protection chutes for pipelines or the like, wherein the waves of the wood product are preferably parallel to the head. The corrugated wood board lets light through,

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'· · ·' Makes it ideal for decorative lighting as well.

: ··· '25 7. Corrugated Wood Product With Wave Steady Constant Bonded Structure Can Make • · ... also stand upright as a board structure stiffener to produce waves'! * At the time of the honeycomb structure. Such a cellular structure can advantageously be used as a midsole of a wooden: '' 'house, and can be further combined with a · 30 30 30-step noise reduction provided by a parallel wave. Such flexible structures are also advantageous e.g.

::: in earthquakes to dampen the vibrations of big batteries.

I i · • · 8. A corrugated wood product laminate structure can also act as an ecological building envelope structure. In this case, it is advisable to treat the laminate structure in such a way that it does not rot and, on the other hand, to ensure that the structure is flame-retardant if there is a flue in the building.

9. The corrugated wood product provides web connectors for beams and roof trusses, which have greater torsional stiffness in the axial direction and thus less susceptibility to buckling compared to the 5 I beam. The corrugated wood product thus provides a strong composite structure. Thus, the corrugated wood product 41 is suitable for use as shown in Fig. 4, for example as a base between the bottom and the top of the beam or composite panel 42, 43.

10. A three-dimensional honeycomb structure according to a sixth embodiment of the invention may be used, for example, in the following applications: i) As a biofilter for purifying and aeration of water. Wood material provides microbes with a natural breeding ground. On the other hand, the cell structure has a large surface area per unit volume.

15 ii) As fillers, eg in technical applications where, for example, the contact between gas and liquid is promoted by means of articles having a large surface area per unit volume.

(iii) Underwater rearing of fish or crabs.

iv) On building surfaces as sound-absorbing elements. For this purpose, elements of the desired depth are preferably sawn out of the three-dimensional structure.

10. The three-dimensional honeycomb structure according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention acts as a good shock energy absorbing element and thus a good packaging material for e.g. instruments and electronics. It can also be used as a base for transporting boxes, such as fruit and the like, so that the fruit is not damaged by shocks when moved.

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Claims (17)

1ΐ6? ΒΓ 'Claims: 1 1 Ö O 5 9 Corrugated wood product, characterized in that it comprises at least one first corrugated beam (1) and at least one second corrugated beam (2), which are arranged in an overlapping, substantially parallel and sandwich-like manner with one another is an adhesive layer (3) connecting the shoulder to each other. A wood product according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers of the original wood of the first shank 10 (1) and the second shank (2) are arranged in substantially parallel directions. Wood product according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface of the at least one shank (1,2) which, when planing the blade, has risen along the chamfer of the blade, is tracked against the adhesive layer (3). Wood product according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the waves of the wood product are at least 10 ° in relation to the longitudinal direction of the shoulders (1,2). A wood product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adhesive layer (3) comprises an adhesive, a paper impregnated with an adhesive, a fabric, or a fabric or web or an adhesive. coated film. A wood product according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface of the at least one shoulder (1, 2) facing the surface of the second rib (1, 2) is coated with an adhesive. , paper, cloth or other textile fabric or netting impregnated with an adhesive, or an adhesive ,; with a brushed film. 1 · 30 Wood product according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one surface (1, 2) of one shoulder (1, 2) on the opposite side of the surface facing the other rib is waxed or covered with a plastic film. 1103B ° A wood product according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two pairs of first shingles (1) and second shingles (2), wherein said shingles are arranged such that their largest surface areas are in parallel. 5 A wood product according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one corrugated third shank which is sandwich-type at least substantially parallel to the top ridge of the stack formed by the preceding shoulder such that between the top surface and the planar surface 10 of the third shank arranged an adhesive layer. j Wood structure, characterized in that it comprises at least two wood products according to any one of claims 1 to 9. Wood structure according to Claim 10, characterized in that it comprises one or more wood products according to one of Claims 1 to 9, which are sawn into half-wave-shaped discrete pieces between the ridge ridges, said pieces being inserted at their ends into grooved grooves and glued to them for a strong lattice structure. 20 A wood structure according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises ·: ··· at least two wood products according to any one of claims 1 to 9, imitated; : overlapping so that the brushes on the waves of the wood products are crosswise. The wood structure according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises at least two wood products according to any one of claims 1 to 9 arranged in superimposed order, the waves of the wood products being phased. 1 Method for producing a corrugated wood product, characterized in that 30. is provided on at least one planar of at least one first shank (1):. · An adhesive layer (3) on the surface, V: - at least one second shank (2) is placed against the planar surface of the first shank:. substantially parallel, with the adhesive layer (3) trapped between the edges, and 110359 - subjecting the product to a corrugated form by exerting, from above and / or below, a corrugated force until the adhesive layer has cured. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that a mold is used in the shaping above and below the pair of flaps formed by the first (1) and the second flap (2). Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that one or more previously corrugated wood products are used as the mold below the pair of rafters 10. Method according to one of Claims 14 to 16, characterized in that a planar surface of at least one third of the flaps is placed at least substantially parallel to the top surface of the stack of corrugated blades and an adhesive layer is provided between these surfaces. 13 110359 Paten tkrav: