FI106219B - Process and device for driving piles or the like down into the ground - Google Patents

Description

106219

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPOSING PILES OR SIMILAR POSTS

SOIL

The invention relates to an impact generating device and a method for forcing piles or the like into the soil and also for removing the piles from the ground.

Impact piling devices for cranes and work machines are known in the art, which produce a shock and transmit it to the pile head. Especially when striking special piles such as walls, and especially when they are also kicked up from the ground, the device must have sturdy gripping jaws that grip the pile end and pull it up. Likewise, gripping jaws are useful for lifting piles in place. US 3100382 discloses a pair of jaws adhering to the end of a tongue plate which is adjustable to grip and strike two adjacent tongues to the ground. In addition, impact devices are known for rotating the jaws, which allows the plate-like piles to be rotated to the desired position before they begin to hit the ground. In addition, it is known to rotate an upright impactor horizontally so that the jaws of the device can grab a horizontal pile and raise it upright.

From Finnish Application Publication 1226/65, a cylinder is known in the excavator boom which can be released by means of a valve to freely lengthen and shorten, whereby gravity is used to direct part of the boom during work. The gravitational orientation is not suitable for the boom, where two pairs of jaws take the side stroke of the tongue and strokes are transmitted from the side to the tongue through the jaws.

"* ·«

A disadvantage of the above-mentioned impact devices is that they can only grip the end of the pile and thereby transmit the impact to the pile. Especially when the percussion device is attached to a boom with a boom, such as an excavator, very long piles cannot be handled because the vertical reach of the boom limits the length of the pile to be processed. The known solutions can of course take the side stroke from the pile, but they cannot strike with this grip, since in known structures the impact device and the jaws are in the same frame, whereby strokes would move the pile in the transverse direction and in the pile direction.

The solution of the invention avoids these disadvantages and. the invention is characterized in what is stated in the claims.

The main advantage of the invention is that the device can strike or out of the ground with considerable lengths of piles or wall profiles and there is no restriction on the height of the excavator. In addition, the side extractor can also be used to strike piles whose upper end is structurally or otherwise so that the stroke cannot be led therethrough. When using two grippers spaced apart, after a short initial stroke, the percussion device and part of the excavator boom can be taken to guide the part being forced. This will move one or more boom cylinders of the excavator to a "floating1" position by opening a valve arrangement where the pressurized liquids across the plunger can flow freely or nearly freely into or out of the cylinder. Take care of the direction itself and ensure that the booms are not guided by incorrect movements or directions on the impactor.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings in which

Figure 1 shows a percussion device connected to an excavator.

Figure 2 is a side view of the impactor.

Figure 3 is a side view of the impactor. Figure 4 shows the impactor in a sideways rotated position. Figure 5 shows the gripping jaws.

Figure 6 is a side elevational view of an impactor with pivoting attachments to an excavator.

Figure 7 is a side elevation of the impactor.

106219

Figure 8 shows the impact device mounted on the end of the boom and the valve arrangement of the cylinder.

Fig. 1 shows a percussion device connected to an excavator 1, which is attached to a bucket clamp 4. The remote cylinder 5 of the excavator can then rotate the impactor in the directions indicated by the arrows. With these movements, the impact jaw grip jaw 3 can be adjusted to a suitable position for gripping the horizontal piles and walls. Thus, the impactor may itself take up and raise or lower the piles or the like. The impactor has an arcuate mounting frame 2.

Figure 2 is a side view of the impactor. The mounting body 2 has lugs 18. The body 2 retains an impact mechanism 7 driven by a hydraulic motor 21. The body 2 is insulated with damping rubber 6 from the impactor. Below the impact machine 7 are the rotation devices, the rotation motor 8 and the gear ring 24, and the bearing associated with the rotation. The entire lower part of the device is rotatable about a vertical axis in the figure and lockable. At the bottom of the device is a fixed jaw, a jaw piece 16 and a movable Leu piece 3. A jaw-dropping wall 17 formed of a profile plate is pressed between the jaws. The movable jaw is articulated by an axis 12 and a jaw movable by a cylinder 11. a horizontal axis 10 around which the lower part of the device can be pivoted 90 ° to the side, which is another preferred operating position.

·. The side pivot and also the direct position of the device are locked by a cylinder 15 which pushes a locking member such as a pin or ball into a fixed body member 13 with a locking hole 19 guided by part 14 and locking pressure of the locking cylinder. The situation shown in the figure is a conventional impact situation in which the impact of the impact *: device 7 is either upward or downward.

Fig. 3 shows the same impact device as seen from the other side, with the motor rotating the lower part 8 and the gear transmission 23,24 being more clearly visible. The fixed body 13 of the pivoting pivoting device comprises two locking positions 20 and 19 and are at an angle of 90 ° to each other. The jaw 16 has an extension 22 which is used to raise the individual profile 17 of the figure when lifted from a horizontal stack.

Fig. 4 shows the percussion device in the inverted position, with the side grips taken from the profile 17 on the gripping jaws 16. The jaws 16 must be shaped (as shown in Fig. 2) so that any shape of the profiles does not interfere with the grip. The unit is brought into an inverted position either by gravity or by the force exerted by the excavator boom when the turning unit is first unlocked. In the situation shown in the figure, the vertical impacts produced by the impactor are transmitted through the pivoting device to the jaws and continue to act vertically on the body 17. The length of the body 17 is thus not limited by the dimensions of the driving machine. On the other hand, when working with a side extractor, it is possible to work with full-length piles under bridges, since in this case the pile extension does not become a percussion device or any other part of the machine. Of course, the turning movements of the pivoting arrangement of the lower part of the device may be performed using any known method, but in order to keep the structure simple, it is preferable that the device itself does not include any mechanism for performing the pivoting.

Fig. 5 shows gripping jaws 16 containing three jaws 25. The jaws have grooves or brushes 5 respectively which bite into the piece 17. In order to prevent slipping on the surface of the piece, the grooves must be oriented transversely to the direction of impact. The pieces 25 shown in the figure are pivotable in both their vertical and transverse directions in their jaws. It is advantageous to provide rectangular shallow housings on the jaws to prevent them from rotating during compression. However, the pieces must flex outwardly from the housing so that they can be rotated 90 ° in the other direction when the grip is changed. On the backside of the jaws there is a screw for securing the pieces and a spring which elongates at least so that the piece can be rotated in the housing without opening the screw. Of course, other ways of securing the pieces are also possible.

106219

When working with a side extractor, such as Fig. 4, it is necessary to grip the center pile and when lifting it from a horizontal position it is easily possible to buckle or break the profile wall piles. In this case, it is advantageous to attach an additional support to the impactor which supports the pile at a suitable distance from the point of engagement.

Figure 6 illustrates an impactor to be attached to an excavator. Inside the body 2 remains an impact mechanism 7 driven by a hydraulic motor. The body is insulated with a damping rubber from the impactor. Below the impact machine 7 is a rotary motor 8 and a toothed rim 24, and a bearing associated with the rotation. The entire lower part of the device is rotatable about a vertical axis in the figure and lockable. The lower part of the device has jaws 16. Between the jaws is pressed a ground impact wall 17 formed of a profile plate. The jaws are moved by a cylinder that is not shown. In the situation shown in the figure, the piece has been gripped and must still be turned 90 ° before starting to be forced into the ground.

Fig. 7 shows the same impactor in the position forcing the body. When there are two jaws, a profile bent sheet, such as a piece 17, most often remains firmly in the direction of the jaws during handling and coercion. The figure shows, in broken lines, a third possible jaw 16 'that can * be performed to force the end of the profile at the end of the compression.

In this case, the impactor does not need to be rotated due to the force exerted on the head, to which, of course, the jaws 16 would also fit. The device in the position shown in Fig. 7, with three jaws 16 and 16 ', is also suitable for forced work without the possibility of turning, which is not necessary when the jaws 16 are always in the lateral position and the jaw 16' is subjected to vertical grips and shocks.

In Fig. 8, the impactor is attached to the excavator boom 26 and the cylinder 5 acts as an actuator for moving the attachment and tilting and rotating the impactor to a certain extent. From the pressure fluid lines leading to the cylinder 5, a haha 6 106219 rails are guided to a valve arrangement 27 whereby the pressure fluid in the cylinder 5 on different sides of the piston can flow through valve 30 either to the return pipe 29 or to the other side of the piston. Due to the arrangement, when the valve 30 is opened, the impactor avoids the movement of the boom caused by one or more cylinders. The arrangement can be made for several cylinders.

The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown, but many modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined in the appended claims. Thus, for example, the order of placement of the impact machine, the rotation device and the pivot device may vary at the end of the boom.

• 4

Claims (4)

1. Device soin penetrates piles or walls into the soil or removes from the soil, and the sorti is coupled to a machine or lifting crane equipped with articulated beams and by means of whose pressing hooks are gripped in the article (17), which lies in the ground or is forced thereto, which comprises a percussion machine (7), a turn-energy transmitting reversing device system for gripping with hooks (16) in said form, both with the catches of the catches in the direction of the stroke and with the catches of the catches in a substantially perpendicular direction, characterized in that the device has a pair of interlocking spacers for spacing laterally from the article (17) and for transmitting blows through said pair of hooks to the article, and that at least one cylinder in the articulated boom is provided with a valve (30) that delivers pressure fluid flowing partially or completely freely into the cylinder (5) and / or away from the cylinder so that the pair of hooks steer in the direction of the article. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are separate hook pairs for end grips and side grips (16) and (16 '). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hooks comprise separate gripping surfaces (25) which can be turned according to the change of the gripping direction. 4. Procedure for penetrating piles or walls into the soil *. or for removal from the earth, in which a method by means of a special device which generates blows and is secured to a working machine (19) or a lifting crane causes movement primarily for the object (17), wherein said device belongs to a blowing machine (7) and gripping hooks (16) for gripping an article, characterized in that two pair of hooks (16) spaced apart are gripped in the article, with which the pair of hooks is taken sideways from the article and transmitted stroke to the article and for the pair of pairs staring in the direction of the article said device is allowed to pivot during penetration and removal of the object in respect of the working machine (19) by passing pressure fluid from a cylinder (5) in the joint boom away via a valve (30) partially or completely freely.