ES2686330T3 - Burner with broadcast media - Google Patents

Abstract

Burner (1) comprising: a support body (2) comprising a first tubular element (2a) and a second tubular element (2b) disposed within the first tubular element, where the volume positioned between said first and second tubular elements (2a, 2b) defines at least one first conduit (3) for the flow of a oxidizing fluid and wherein said second tubular element (2b) defines at least a second conduit (4) for the flow of a combustion fluid; said second tubular element (2b) comprises a connecting element (12) defining an end section of said second conduit (4); a combustion head (15) associated with said support body (2) and comprising diffusion means (9), communicating with said first duct (3) and having a plurality of openings (16) for fluid flow oxidizer towards a combustion area (17), wherein said diffusion means (9) comprise at least two diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c) having relative openings (16) for the flow of the oxidizing fluid and reciprocally moving one towards another to change the relative position of said openings (16), and dispensing means (11) of the combustion fluid, which communicate with said second conduit (4) and which has a plurality of free spaces (18) for the flow of the own combustion fluid towards said combustion area (17); wherein said diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c) fit around said connecting element (12), wherein each of them has a plurality of said openings (16) defined by respective through-cuts (19) which are they extend along a part of the relative diffusion element (9a, 9b, 9c), where said openings (16) have a substantially curvilinear extension and have a growing section that continues outward, and wherein said joint element (12 ) has at least one section (12a) that diverges continuing towards said diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c), where said divergent section (12a) protrudes into said first conduit (3) and is suitable for directing the fluid flow oxidizing towards the outer parts (16a) of said openings (16).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Burner with diffusion media Technical field

The present invention is related to a burner that can be used in the industrial and civil fields.

Prior art

Burners are used, e.g. eg, in the ceramic industry, within the equipment for heat treatment of ceramic products, such as ovens and dryers.

Burners of known type are generally made of a support body, which defines an air supply duct and a combustion gas supply duct, and a combustion head through which the aforementioned ducts are placed in communication With a combustion area. A burner of this type is known from WO2011 / 120597.

The combustion head in turn comprises an air diffuser, which has a plurality of openings that communicate with the air supply conduit to direct it to the combustion area, and gas dispensing means, which have a plurality of flow-free spaces that communicate with the gas supply conduit to transport it to the combustion area.

In the combustion area therefore the air is mixed with the combustion gas.

The diffuser of the combustion head generally consists of a plate-shaped element that has a circular shape, which fits around the gas supply duct and whose entire thickness is crossed by the anterior openings.

The diffuser generally has a plurality of circular through holes, arranged along at least one circumference and having respective inclined axes to converge towards the extension of the longitudinal axis of the gas supply conduit along the combustion area.

The diffuser also conceives a plurality of cuts obtained at its periphery according to inclined planes with respect to the longitudinal axis to give the air passing through it a helical movement.

These burners of known type have several drawbacks.

In fact they do not allow a perfect mixture of air and combustion gas to be obtained and, especially in the case of reduced gas flows, causes the formation of unburned materials with consequent inefficient combustion performance.

Neither burners of known type ensure flame stability with gas flows near the minimum or maximum values.

In addition, known burners cannot adapt flexibly to the specific requirements of the case, which means that they do not allow an effective and timely adjustment of the flame intensity according to the charging conditions. This means that, p. For example, in the event that the flame produced by the burner cannot meet the necessary heat requirements, the burner must be replaced by a different size. In the same way, to heat environments of different shapes or sizes, burners of different types must be used. All this inevitably translates into an increase in investment costs, and in management of raw materials and more complex maintenance work.

Another drawback of burners of known type consists in the fact that the holes obtained in the vicinity of the central seat of the diffuser tend to get dirty and blocked over time, which requires periodic maintenance and / or replacement work and experiencing rapid fall in benefits between one job and another.

Even another drawback of burners of known type consists in the fact that they do not allow any adjustment of the flow of combustion fluid that is dispensed to the combustion area. This limit is particularly evident in the limit operating conditions of the burners themselves, that is, both during maximum peaks and during production gaps.

Description of the invention

The main intention of the present invention is to provide a burner that allows an effective mixture of air and combustion gas to be achieved, while at the same time ensuring high flame stability with both low and high gas flow rates.

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As part of this intention, an object of the present invention is to provide a burner that allows to easily regulate the geometry of the flame according to the specific requirements of the case in question.

Another object of the present invention is to allow quick and easy adjustment of the burner output itself. More particularly, the present invention proposes to improve the operation, with respect to burners of known type, both during maximum peaks and during production gaps.

Even another object is to provide a burner that optimizes consumption with respect to burners of known type.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce, with respect to burners of known type, the maintenance work necessary to restore the correct operation of the diffuser and therefore substantially maintain the performance of the burner itself unaltered over time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a burner that allows to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art in the field of a simple, rational, easy, efficient and low-cost solution.

The above mentioned objects are achieved with the present burner according to claim 1.

Brief description of the drawings

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of a preferred embodiment, but not alone, of a burner, illustrated purely as an example but without limitation in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is an axonometric view of a burner according to the invention; Figure 2 is an enlargement of the combustion head of the burner of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a simplified view of the combustion head shown in Figure 2; Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the burner of Figure 1; Figure 5 is an enlargement of a detail of the cross section of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a front view of the internal broadcast element;

Figure 7 is a front view of the intermediate diffusion element;

Figure 8 is a front view of the external broadcast element;

Figure 9 is an axonometric view of the means of dispensing the combustion fluid in a first embodiment;

Figure 10 is a cross section of the dispensing means of Figure 9;

Figure 11 is an axonometric view of the means of dispensing the combustion fluid in a second embodiment;

Figure 12 is a cross section of the dispensing means of Figure 11;

Figure 13 is an axonometric view of the means of dispensing the combustion fluid in a third embodiment;

Figure 14 is a cross section of the dispensing means of Figure 13.

Embodiments of the Invention

With particular reference to said figures, globally indicated by 1 there is a burner according to the invention, usable in the industrial and civil fields.

The burner 1 comprises a support body 2 that defines at least a first conduit 3 for the supply of a combustion fluid and at least a second conduit 4 for the supply of a combustion fluid.

More particularly, the support body 2 comprises a first tubular element 2a defining the first conduit 3 and a second tubular element 2b defining the second conduit 4. With the word "tubular" used herein, any internally hollow element is understood, without import the shape of its cross section, which can be any.

In the embodiment shown in the illustrations, the second tubular element 2b is disposed within the first element

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tubular 2nd. More particularly, the first conduit 3 is therefore bounded on the side by the first and second tubular elements 2a and 2b, while the second conduit 4 is delimited on the side by the second tubular element 2b only. In the embodiment shown in the illustrations, the first conduit 3 therefore extends around the second conduit 4.

In the embodiment shown in the illustrations, the tubular elements 2a and 2b are substantially concentric with each other. The longitudinal axis of the first and second tubular elements 2a and 2b is identified in the illustrations by the reference letter A.

The first and second ducts 2a and 2b have a first inlet port 5 for the combustion fluid and a second inlet port 6 for the combustion fluid respectively.

The support body 2 also defines an inlet chamber 7 that communicates with the first duct 3 through the first mouth 5 and which has an inlet 8 for the combustion fluid connectable to a ventilation system to blow the combustion fluid , which usually consists of air.

The inlet chamber 7 is also arranged around the second tubular element 2b. Advantageously, the inlet chamber 7 has a plurality of transport channels 40 for transporting the combustion fluid to the first conduit 3. More in detail, such transport channels 40 are delimited by a plurality of ribs and are suitable for directing the fluid of combustion in the inlet chamber 7 along a direction substantially parallel to the axis A of the first conduit 3.

The first tubular element 2a and the part of the support body 2 that delimit the inlet chamber 7 can be made in a single body piece or can be made separately, as in the embodiment shown in the illustrations.

The first tubular element 2a has a first end that delimits the first mouth 5 and a second end, opposite the first, connected to diffusion means 9 of the oxidizing fluid.

In the embodiment shown in the illustrations, the first tubular element 2a also defines the overall external dimensions of the support body 2, although alternative embodiments cannot be ruled out where the support body 2 also comprises a covering element of the first tubular element 2a open at one end and inside the combustion head 15.

A plurality of annularly distributed grooves 10 is also defined on the lateral surface of the first tubular element 2a to allow the flow of the oxidizing fluid from the first conduit 3 to the outside. In this way, any excess of oxidizing fluid can be released.

The second tubular element 2b also has a first end coupled to the second mouth 6 and a second end, opposite the first, connected to dispensing means 11 of the combustion fluid.

Suitably, the second tubular element 2b comprises a joint element 12 defining an end section of the second conduit 4. In particular, the second tubular element 2b comprises a main section 13 with which the joint element 12 is integrally associated. The main section 13 and the connecting element 12 can be made in a single body piece or separately as shown in the illustrations.

The combustion fluid is preferably in a gaseous state such as natural gas.

A suitable flange 14 is associated with the support body 2 to allow its support to a support structure.

The burner 1 also then comprises a combustion head 15 associated with the support body 2.

The combustion head 15 comprises the diffusion means 9 and the dispensing means 11.

The combustion fluid dispensing means 11 communicates with the second conduit 4 and has at least one free space 18 for the combustion fluid flow itself towards the combustion area 17. The dispensing means 11 is associated with the combustion section. end of the second conduit 4 defined in the illustrations by the connecting element 12.

Preferably, the dispensing means 11 has a plurality of free spaces 18 for the flow of the combustion fluid.

The diffusion means 9 communicate with the first conduit 3 and comprise a plurality of diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c having relative openings 16 moving towards each other to change the relative position of the openings defined thereon. More in detail, at least one of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c can be moved relative to the others to change the reciprocal position of the relative openings 16.

Each diffusion element 9a, 9b, 9c therefore has a plurality of openings 16 and changing the reciprocal position of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c therefore changes the flow section of oxidizing fluid.

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Therefore, it follows that, while the flow of oxidizing fluid is the same, the geometry of the flame produced by the burner 1 is changed accordingly in the reciprocal position of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c. More particularly, The greater the section of combustion fluid flow defined by the openings 16, the lower the resistance to flow, therefore the greater the extent of the flame produced.

In the same way, by changing the reciprocal position of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c to reduce the flow section of oxidizing fluid, there is a consequent increase in flow resistance and a smaller extension of the flame produced.

In other words, the combustion fluid flow receives minimum and maximum deviation in the condition where the openings 16 define, after the reciprocal movement of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c, the maximum and minimum flow section respectively. By changing the reciprocal position of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c, therefore the deviation of the flow of the oxidizing fluid can be regulated, to a smaller deviation corresponding to a greater extent of the flame and vice versa.

In addition, the larger the combustion fluid flow section defined by the openings 16, the greater the maximum conducible flow, that is, the output produced by the burner 1. In other words, by increasing the maximum air flow through The diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c also increase the maximum gas flow that can be burned and, therefore, the burner 1 outlet.

More in detail, the openings 16 are defined by several respective cuts 19 that extend along a part of the relative diffusion element 9a, 9b, 9c starting from its perimeter edge.

In a particular embodiment, the cuts 19 are defined according to an inclined plane with respect to the plane of the relative diffusion element 9a, 9b, 9c.

According to the invention, the openings 16 have a substantially curvilinear extension and have a growing section that continues towards the peripheral edge of the relative diffusion element. The openings 16 thus formed are suitable for directing the flow of oxidizing fluid that passes through them with a helical pattern, optimizing the mixing with the combustion fluid in the combustion area 17.

In the embodiment shown in the illustrations, the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c have a substantially circular shape and the openings 16 are arranged radially thereon.

The diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c are of the plate-shaped type and are positioned substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the tubular elements 2a and 2b.

The diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c have a central through hole 20 through which they fit around the second tubular element 2b.

According to the invention, the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c fit around the connecting element 12.

The diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c overlap each other and are reciprocally movable around an axis of relative rotation. The axis of rotation of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c substantially coincides with the longitudinal axis A of the tubular elements 2a and 2b.

Suitably, at least one of the broadcast elements 9a, 9b, 9c is fixed.

More particularly, at least the innermost diffusion element 9a, that is, closer to the first end of the first tubular element 2a, is fixed with respect to the support body 2. As shown in Figure 7, the through hole 20 of the fixed diffusion element 9a is not circular but in a manner that cooperates with the connecting element 12 to prevent reciprocal rotation. The through hole 20 and the connecting element 12 have a complementary profile, that is, both define a pair of opposite rectilinear walls 20a cooperating with each other to stop the diffusion element 9a in rotation with respect to the second tubular element 2b.

In the preferred embodiment shown in the illustrations, the diffusion means 9 comprise three diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c superimposed on each other.

Of these three diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c two are fixed, and more particularly, the innermost diffusion element 9a and intermediate 9b, while the diffusion element 9c turned towards the combustion area 17 is mobile in rotation with Regarding the other two. Both through holes 20 of the fixed diffusion elements 9a and 9b have an identical profile, as described above, and are suitable for cooperating with the connecting element 12 around which they fit.

This configuration makes it easier to reciprocally regulate the diffusion elements, insofar as the operator has to do so to regulate the position of one of them; however, alternative embodiments cannot be ruled out where two or more of the broadcast elements 9a, 9b, 9c are mobile.

Nor can alternative embodiments that include a greater or lesser number of diffusion elements be discarded.

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with respect to the preferred embodiment shown in the illustrations.

According to the invention, the connecting element 12 has at least one section 12a that diverges continuing towards the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c, where the section 12a protrudes inside the first conduit 3 and is suitable for directing the flow of oxidizing fluid towards the outer parts 16a of the openings 16, as indicated by the arrows shown in Figure 8.

The oxidizing fluid is then diverted by the connecting element 12 towards the outer part 16a of the openings 16. In other words, the connecting element 12, and in particular its section 12a, causes the oxidizing fluid to be diverted away from the parts. of the openings 16 closest to the axis of the relative diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c. Such parts are hereinafter defined "inner parts" and are identified in Figures 5 to 7 by reference number 16b.

The majority of the oxidizing fluid therefore crosses the outer parts 16a of the openings 16, while a minimum part crosses the inner parts 16b of the openings themselves. This results in a slight vacuum created in the combustion area 17 in front of the inner parts 16b, downstream of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c. Said vacuum causes the oxidizing fluid that passes through the outer parts 16a to be reclaimed towards the dispensing means 11, to allow the perfect mixing of the combustion fluid with the oxidizing fluid itself.

In addition, the fact that the inner parts 16b are those of smaller section also ensures that the amount of the oxidizing fluid itself that crosses them is minimal. This prevents, in particular in case the burner 1 is supplied with a low flow of combustion fluid, the flow of oxidizing fluid passing through such interior parts is not strong enough to drag the combustion fluid out of the area of combustion, "breaking" that way the flame.

The wall of the second tubular element 2b laterally delimiting the second conduit 4 defines at least one locating surface 21 against which one of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c rests, in particular the innermost diffusion element 9a.

More in detail, the locating surface 21 is defined by the connecting element 12 around which the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c are fitted.

Suitably, means are provided for locking the reciprocal position of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c.

In the embodiments shown in the illustrations, the locking means correspond to the dispensing means 11, which define a locking surface 22 designed to rest against one of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c on the opposite side with respect to the locating surface 21.

The locking surface 22 is suitable for cooperating with the outermost diffusion element 9c.

The position of the dispensing means 11 with respect to the end section of the second conduit 4 with which they are associated, and defined in the illustrations by the connecting element 12, is adjustable to press the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c placed between surfaces 21 and 22 against each other in order to prevent their reciprocal movement during use.

More particularly, the dispensing means 11 is movable between an adjustment position, where the locking surface 22 is moved away from the outermost diffusion element 9c to allow reciprocal movement of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c, and a locking position, where the locking surface 22 cooperates with the outermost diffusion element 9c to compact the diffusion elements themselves, thus making them reciprocally integral.

In the particular embodiment shown in the illustrations, the dispensing means 11 can be screwed onto the second tubular element 2b corresponding to its second end defined by the connecting element 12.

In use, the dispensing means 11 are therefore unscrewed to allow adjustment of the reciprocal position of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c, while these are screwed to make them reciprocally integral during the operation of the burner 1.

Advantageously, the dispensing means 11 comprises at least one fixed part 11a and one mobile part 11b, where the position of the latter is adjustable with respect to the fixed part 11a.

It is better to specify that, during operation of the burner 1, the fixed part 11a and the mobile part 11b are integral with each other and stopped; in other words, in use, there is no relative movement between the parts 11a and 11b, the position of the moving part 11b is changeable during periods when the burner 1 is not in use.

In particular, the fixed part 11a is associated with the second end of the second tubular element 2b, defined in the particular embodiment shown in the illustrations by the connecting element 12. The fixed part 11a is screwed, e.g. eg, on the connecting element 12.

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One between the fixed part 11a and the mobile part 11b defines the free spaces 18 that communicate with a dispensing channel 23 delimited by two opposite surfaces 24a and 24b defined by the fixed part 11a and the mobile part 11b respectively.

Preferably, the opposite surfaces 24a and 24b, and therefore also the dispensing channel 23 defined by them, are arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis A.

As will be described in more detail below, the free spaces 18 for the flow of the combustion fluid can be defined indifferently in the fixed part 11a or in the mobile part 11b.

By changing the position of the movable part 11b with respect to the fixed part 11a the reciprocal distance of the opposite surfaces 24a and 24b is consequently changed and, consequently, of the flow section of the dispensing channel 23. It can be seen immediately how, by adjusting the position of the movable part 11b with respect to the fixed part 11a, it is possible to adjust the flow rate of the combustion fluid towards the combustion area 17.

It follows therefore that, by adjusting the position of the moving part 11b with respect to the fixed part 11a, the burner output 1 can be adjusted. In particular, the moving part 11b can be moved between at least one lowered configuration where the opposite surfaces 24a and 24b approach each other, and a raised configuration wherein opposite surfaces 24a and 24b move away from each other with respect to the lowered configuration. As it is easy to appreciate, the flow section, and therefore the flow of the combustion fluid, is at a minimum in the lowered configuration and at the maximum in the raised configuration.

Between the lowered configuration and the uploaded configuration, one or more intermediate configurations are provided. It is also easy for the technician in the sector to appreciate how the reciprocal distance of the opposite surfaces 24a and 24b in the extreme configurations may vary according to the chosen embodiment. For example, in the lowered configuration, the opposite surfaces 24a and 24b may be in contact with each other or, alternatively, at a predetermined minimum distance.

Suitably, the burner 1 comprises means for regulating the position of the movable part 11b with respect to the fixed part 11a. In particular, the adjustment of the position of the moving part 11b can be of the discrete or continuous type.

More in detail, the fixed part 11a has a seat 25 into which the movable part 11b fits. The mobile part 11b is screwed, e.g. eg, within the seat 25 defined in the fixed part 11a.

In the embodiments shown in Figures 9 to 12, the adjustment means comprise at least one locator element 28, which has a predefined thickness, positioned between the fixed part 11a and the moving part 11b. More in detail, the seat 25 defines a stop surface 26 with which it is suitable to cooperate a respective counter stop surface 27 defined in the movable part 11b and between which the locator element 28 is positioned. The locator element 28 is of Rigid type and its thickness defines the distance between opposite surfaces 24a and 24b. More in detail, the movable part 11b fits into the seat 25 until its opposite stop surface 27 rests on the locator element 28 in turn arranged resting on the stop surface 26. Therefore it is easy to appreciate how, by varying the thickness of the locator element 28, the reciprocal position of the fixed part 11a and the moving part 11b is changed accordingly.

In an alternative embodiment shown in Figures 13 and 14, the adjustment of the position of the moving part 11b is of the continuous type. In this embodiment, the movable part 11b is screwed into the seat 25 and adequate security means 29 are provided to cooperate with the movable part itself to prevent its movement away from the fixed part 11a. More particularly, the safety means 29 comprise, in the embodiment shown in the illustrations, a threaded element 29 that fits through a central, threaded through hole, defined in the fixed part 11a. The lower end of the threaded element 29 is therefore disposed within the seat 25.

By adjusting the position of the threaded element 29 with respect to the moving part 11b, the maximum distance of the latter from the fixed part 11a is defined accordingly.

More particularly, when rotating the mobile part 11b with respect to the fixed part 11a, the first one also moves with respect to the threaded element 29. It follows therefore that the mobile part 11b can be screwed / unscrewed with respect to the fixed part 11a until the threaded ends of the threaded element 29 are reached.

Therefore it is easy to appreciate how, in order to move the moving part 11b away from the fixed part 11a, first of all it is necessary to adjust the threaded element 29, moving it with respect to the moving part itself, after which the last of such as to unscrew it until the limit position defined by the thread of the threaded element 29 is reached. In the same way, to move the movable part 11b near the fixed part 11a, the movable part itself must be screwed with respect to the fixed part 11a, after which the threaded element 29 is screwed into the mobile part 11b in such a way as to lock the position of the latter (that is, in such a way that the mobile part 11b cannot be unscrewed further with respect to the element threaded 29).

As can be seen in detail in the accompanying illustrations, which show only some of the possible embodiments, the fixed part 11a and the mobile part 11b can adopt various configurations, including some

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considerably different from each other, but such as to allow in any case the adjustment of the flow of the combustion fluid outwards according to what has been described above.

In the embodiments shown in Figures 9, 10 and 13, 14, the fixed part 11a comprises a plurality of combustion fluid flow channels 30 that communicate with the second conduit 4 and each defines a respective flow free space 18. The channels 30 extend along a direction substantially parallel to the second conduit 4, while the free spaces 18 are arranged (or have a plane) substantially orthogonal to said parallel direction.

In this embodiment, the free spaces 18 are oriented on the surface 24a delimiting the dispensing channel 23.

In the alternative embodiment shown in Figures 11 and 12, the mobile part 11b has a central channel 31 that communicates, through the seat 25, with the second conduit 4 and along the peripheral edge of which the free spaces 18 are defined. The central channel 31 is therefore substantially coaxial with the second conduit 4 and the free spaces 18 are arranged (or have a plane) substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis A. In this embodiment, the fixed part 11a has a circular surface 32 surrounding the section of the movable part 11b in which the free spaces 18 are defined and extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis A. More particularly, the circular surface 32 is substantially coaxial to the conduits 3 and 4.

Advantageously, the fixed part 11a has, in correspondence with the circular surface 32, a plurality of recesses 33, p. eg, in the form of a semicircle, angularly spaced from each other and arranged substantially parallel to the free spaces 18. These recesses 33 define the minimum flow rate of the combustion fluid in the configuration corresponding to the smallest flow section of the dispensing channel 23, that is, where surfaces 24a and 24b are in contact with each other.

Preferably, the section of the movable part 11b decreases continuing from the second conduit 4 towards the dispensing area 17, as shown in the embodiments in Figures 9 to 12.

This particular conformation of the mobile part 11b, whose section therefore narrows towards the longitudinal axis A continuing outwards, allows the formation of local vacuum that causes a suction effect on the oxidizing fluid and the combustion fluid giving rise to thus to an effective mixture thereof.

More in detail, the combustion fluid leaving with rotating movement from the diffusion elements 9a, 9b and 9c and the combustion fluid exiting through the dispensing channel 23 transversely to the longitudinal axis A, are sucked into the combustion area 17 due to the effect of the section variation of the mobile part 11b.

The burner 1 also has an ignition electrode 34 and a combustion control sensor 35, both of the traditional type and therefore not described in detail.

The ignition electrode 34 and the control sensor 35 are arranged aligned with the longitudinal axis A and fit through the diffusion elements 9a, 9b, 9c into respective seats 36, ending in correspondence with the combustion area 17.

The operation of the present invention is as follows.

Before ignition of the burner 1, depending on the specific requirements of the case, the operator accordingly regulates the reciprocal position of the diffusion elements 9a, 9b and 9c and of the mobile part 11b with respect to the fixed part 11a.

The operator makes the above adjustments according to a series of parameters, which includes the Kcal / h that the burner 1 has to dispense, the dimensions of the installations to be heated, the ideal stoichiometric relationship between air and gas.

In particular, the operator unscrews the fixed part 11a of the connecting element 12 to loosen the compression force acting on the diffusion elements 9a, 9b and 9c and thus allow adjustment of the angular position of the outermost diffusion element 9c with regarding fixed diffusion elements 9a and 9b.

In this way, as described above in detail, it is involved in the air flow section and, therefore, in the geometry of the flame produced by the burner 1.

Once the desired position of the outermost diffusion element 9 c has been identified, the operator again screws the fixed part 11a into the connecting element 12 again compacting the diffusion elements 9a, 9b and 9c to make them reciprocally integral.

The operator then also proceeds in the same manner in relation to the dispensing means 11, that is, the flow section of the dispensing channel 23 changes by intervening in the reciprocal position of the fixed part 11a and in that of the mobile section 11b.

As described above, the mode of adjusting the position of the moving part 11b with respect to the fixed part

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11a may be discrete or continuous.

In the first case, of which the embodiments shown in Figures 9 to 12 are an example, the operator removes the moving part 11b from the fixed part 11a and replaces the intermediate element 28 and fits one of different thickness.

In the second case instead, shown in Figures 13 and 14, the operator intervenes in the threaded element 29 and in the mobile part 11b to change the position of the latter as described above.

In fact, it has been determined how the described invention achieves the proposed objects and in particular the fact that the burner that forms the subject of the present invention allows to adjust, in an easy and practical way, the geometry, and therefore the extension, of the flame of the burner itself. In particular, the synergistic effect due to the divergent conformation of the connecting element on which the diffusion elements are fitted and the divergent conformation of the openings obtained in the diffusion elements themselves allows at the same time to obtain a perfect mixture of combustion fluid -fluent fluid in addition to maintaining the flame at any level of operation of the burner itself, that is, with both high and low gas flow rates.

This adjustment, made only by intervening in the reciprocal position of the diffusion elements fitted in the combustion head, allows the burner operation to be adapted in an extremely flexible manner to the specific requirements of the case. More particularly, the burner that forms the subject of the present invention is also usable for different shapes and dimensions of the environment to be heated. This is extremely advantageous, for example, in the ceramic industry, where the same burner can adapt to different widths and manage to also effectively heat the tiles in the central part of the oven itself, thus avoiding the formation of unburned material.

The burner according to the invention thus makes it possible to optimize the heating phases that distinguish the ceramic process, thereby allowing the reduction of the baking cycles and, consequently, an increase in production per unit of time.

In addition, it should be pointed out how the particular conformation of the means of dispensing the combustion fluid also allows to change, in an easy and precise manner, the flow rate thereof towards the combustion area. This allows to regulate the burner output according to the needs, reducing the formation of carbon residues in the combustion area and easily adapting the burner operation to both maximum peaks and production gaps (in case of use in the industrial field, e.g., in the ceramic industry).

Claims (18)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 1. Burner (1) comprising: a support body (2) comprising a first tubular element (2a) and a second tubular element (2b) disposed within the first tubular element, where the volume positioned between said first and second tubular elements (2a, 2b) defines the less a first conduit (3) for the flow of a combustion fluid and wherein said second tubular element (2b) defines at least a second conduit (4) for the flow of a combustion fluid; said second tubular element (2b) comprises a connecting element (12) defining an end section of said second conduit (4); a combustion head (15) associated with said support body (2) and comprising diffusion means (9), communicating with said first duct (3) and having a plurality of openings (16) for fluid flow oxidizer towards a combustion area (17), wherein said diffusion means (9) comprise at least two diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c) having relative openings (16) for the flow of the oxidizing fluid and reciprocally moving one towards another to change the relative position of said openings (16), and dispensing means (11) of the combustion fluid, which communicate with said second conduit (4) and which has a plurality of free spaces (18) for the flow of the own combustion fluid towards said combustion area (17); wherein said diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c) fit around said union element (12), wherein each of them has a plurality of said openings (16) defined by respective through-cuts (19) that extend along a part of the relative diffusion element (9a, 9b, 9c), where said openings (16) have a substantially curvilinear extension and have a growing section that continues outward, and wherein said connecting element (12) has at least one section (12a) that diverges continuing towards said diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c), wherein said divergent section (12a) protrudes into said first conduit (3) and is suitable for directing the flow of oxidizing fluid towards the outer parts (16a) of said openings (16). 2. Burner (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c) overlap each other and are reciprocally movable in rotation to change the flow section of the oxidizing fluid. 3. Burner (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of said diffusion elements (9a, 9b) is fixed. 4. Burner (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said fixed diffusion element (9a) is at least the innermost of said first conduit (3). 5. Burner (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least three of said diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c). 6. Burner (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that two of said diffusion elements (9a, 9b) are fixed, one turned outwardly (9c) of said first conduit (3) which is movable with about them. 7. Burner (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall of said support body (2) delimiting said second conduit (4) defines a locating surface (21) against which it rests one of said diffusion elements (9a). 8. Burner (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that said locating surface (21) is defined by said connecting element (12). 9. Burner (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises locking means for locking the reciprocal position of said diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c). 10. Burner (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that said locking means correspond to said dispensing means (11), which have a locking surface (22) designed to rest against one of said diffusion elements (9c) opposite to said locator surface (21), the position of said dispensing means (11) with respect to said locator surface (21) is adjustable between at least one adjustment position, where they allow reciprocal movement of said elements diffusion (9a, 9b, 9c), and a locked position, where they prevent the reciprocal movement of said diffusion elements (9a, 9b, 9c). 11. Burner (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said dispensing means (11) comprise at least one fixed part (11a) and one mobile part (11b), where one between said fixed part (11a) and said mobile part (11b) defines said flow-free spaces (18) which they communicate with at least one dispensing channel (23) delimited by at least two opposite surfaces (24a, 24b) defined by said fixed part (11a) and by said mobile part (11b) respectively, the position of said mobile part (11b) with respect to said fixed part (11a) is adjustable to change the flow section of said dispensing channel (23). 12. Burner (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the position of said movable part (11b) with respect to said fixed part (11a) is adjustable between a lowered configuration, wherein said opposite surfaces (24a, 24b) approach each other, and a raised configuration, wherein said opposite surfaces (24a, 24b) 5 move away from each other with respect to said lowered configuration, the flow section of said dispensing channel (23) is at a minimum in said lowered configuration and at the maximum in said raised configuration. 13. Burner (1) according to claim 11 characterized in that said dispensing channel (23) extends transversely with respect to the longitudinal extension of said second conduit (4). 14. Burner (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that said burner comprises 10 means for regulating the position of said movable part (11b) with respect to said fixed part (11a). 15. Burner (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that said movable part (11b) has a section that decreases continuing towards said combustion area (17). 16. Burner (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said openings (16) are defined by several respective cuts (19) that extend along a part of the element 15 of relative diffusion (9a, 9b, 9c) that starts from its perimeter edge. 17. Burner (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the through hole (20) of the fixed diffusion element (9a) is not circular but shaped to cooperate with the connecting element (12) to prevent rotation reciprocal. 18. Burner (1) according to claim 17, characterized in that the through hole (20) and the connecting element (12) have a complementary profile, preferably both define a pair of walls opposite rectilines (20a) cooperating with each other to stop the fixed diffusion element (9a) in rotation with respect to the second tubular element (2b).