ES2409171T3 - Use of a device to fix facade elements - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of a device for fixing façade elements (51), the façade elements (51) presenting a visible part and a rear part and fixing means (50) arranged at the rear in rows running parallel to each other, comprising the device support profiles (12), which have a central section in the form of a band (13) in which, symmetrically to the longitudinal axis (14) of the support profiles (12), anchoring elements (18) are provided ) to house the façade elements (51), and the anchoring elements (18) are L-shaped and have a support rib (24) and a retaining rib (20), characterized in that the anchoring elements ( 18) have an embossing (16), because the embossing (16) is provided at least in the region of the retaining rib (20), and because the outer edge (25) of the embossing (16) in the retaining rib ( 20) does not run parallel to the outer edge (21) of the retaining rib (20).

Description

Use of a device to fix facade elements.

The present invention relates to the use of a device for fixing facade elements.

In the case of suspended coverings with subsequent ventilation, two fundamental possibilities for housing plate elements are known: a visible fixing by means of stainless steel fittings or eyelets or a non-visible fixing with the help of fixing points placed on the back of the elements of façade or special fixations of anchoring of plates that act in a substructure. For aesthetic reasons, non-visible fixation is increasingly preferred. In this case, most of the time ceramic facade plates made of non-flammable materials that are fixed to the substructure are used.

From DE 198 05 913 A1 the use of a facade element and supports for the facade elements according to the preamble of claim 1 is known. The supports consist of support profiles that can be fixed to a frame construction or a substrate. The support profiles have a central section in the form of a band in which, in a symmetrical manner, the anchoring elements for housing facade elements are provided symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the support profile. The anchoring elements comprise a retention rib and a wide support rib rigidly joined together.

The facade elements to be fixed comprise a main body in the form of a plate, which has a visible part and a rear part with fixing elements arranged at the rear, which serve to make the fixation not visible to the substructure, at least being prevented two fixing elements spaced apart and arranged in parallel with each other and formed of a piece in the main body in the form of a plate.

The anchoring elements of the support serve to fit into the fixing elements of the facade element.

The facade elements and substructures known so far are designed for facade elements with maximum dimensions of 600 mm x 1600 mm. The breaking load of the facade elements is approximately 1,500 newtons.

For aesthetic reasons, and also to reduce the necessary work time in relation to the installation of the facade, larger facade elements are increasingly preferred.

However, an increase in the surface of the facade elements while maintaining the design of the facade elements and the substructure causes that, due to the consequent greater surface area exposed to the wind and the greater wind forces associated with this fact, such as pressure from wind and wind whirlpools, the anchoring elements are deformed or broken in the support profiles and / or even that the fixing elements are broken in the facade elements.

From DE 100 17 638 A1 a device for fixing C-shaped support pieces to rolled steel profiles is also known, in which in the area of the clamping flanges there are stamped longitudinal reinforcement flanges and penetrating to the spring arms by elbows, the pattern running parallel to the outer sides of the clamping flange.

Document DE 1 289 288 discloses a device for fixing wall and ceiling coverings.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a support for facade elements with a greater surface area that does not deform or break even with a high wind load.

This objective is achieved with the use of a device according to the characteristics of claim 1.

In accordance with the invention, the anchoring elements fixed to the support profiles have a pattern, the pattern being provided at least in the area of the retaining rib of the anchoring element and not running any of the outer edges of the pattern parallel to an outer edge of the retention nerve. Thanks to this unusual arrangement of the stamping in the retention rib, an increase in the breaking load can be achieved, surprisingly, in case of wind request, so that in the support profiles according to the invention, greater elements can be fixed facade, for example facade elements with a length between 1600 and 2000 mm.

The anchoring elements are made as an L-shaped hook.

The pattern according to the invention should be provided at least in the area of the retaining nerve of the anchoring element in the form of a hook, preferably extending in the central area of the retention nerve, and the outer edge of the pattern should be extended in a acute angle less than 10 ° and preferably less than 5 ° with respect to the outer edge of the retention nerve.

The print can be molded in different ways. On the one hand, the pattern can extend in the form of a straight line that runs towards the outer edge of the retention nerve at an acute angle. On the other hand, the pattern can also run angularly, straightly or curvedly or be molded in another way, and none of the outer edges of the pattern must run again in parallel to an outer edge of the retention rib.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the pattern has a flat V shape (ceiling shape). The two arms of the "V" are preferably arranged at an obtuse angle, and the transition zone is in the form of an arc. Preferably, one arm of the pattern runs approximately through the center of the retention nerve at an acute angle with respect to the outer edge, and the other arm runs in the support nerve preferably in parallel or not in parallel, in particular at an acute angle with Regarding its outer edge.

Preferably, the arrangement of the pattern in the support rib is also performed such that the outer edge of the pattern in the support rib does not run parallel to an edge of the support rib.

Thanks to the asymmetrical arrangement of the pattern according to the invention, an asymmetric compression of the material is achieved in the edge of the hook, which when requested positively influences the moment diagram.

The two arms of the V-shaped pattern can be both the same and different length.

In the case of arms of different lengths, the pattern arm that runs in the support rib can also extend beyond the support rib in the central section or the lateral face of the profile, whereby a particularly high stability of the element can be achieved. Anchor.

The support nerve can be molded in different ways, for example rectangular or trapezoidal, the trapezoidal support nerve being particularly preferable because of its greater stability.

The print is preferably a rounded notch on one side. The depth of the printing may vary and should be between 20% and 80% of the thickness of the material, with depths of the printing between 50% and 70% being particularly preferable, in particular 60%. With a sheet thickness of 2.0 or 2.5 mm, the depth of the stamping is preferably approximately 1.2 to 1.5 mm.

The width of the pattern should be between 0.1 and 0.8 times, preferably between 0.3 and 0.65 times, the width of the retention rib.

The print is preferably rounded.

The length of the print in the area that runs at an acute angle with respect to the outer edge of the retention nerve should be between 0.3 and 0.8 times, and in particular between 0.5 and 0.7 times, the length of the retention nerve

The width of the retaining nerve of the hook-shaped anchoring element should preferably be less than the width of the support nerve, and should be between 5 and 10 cm, and preferably between 6 and 7 cm.

To make the profiles and the hooks, in general aluminum with a thickness of between 1.5 and 4 mm, preferably between 2.0 and 3.0 mm, and more preferably between 2.0 and 2.5 mm can be used .

In principle, there is the possibility of further increasing the stability of the profiles and hooks by annealing.

The support profile is manufactured with aluminum or aluminum alloy to, on the one hand, have a lower weight and, on the other hand, to meet the fire protection provisions.

Another improvement in the stability of the profile with the anchoring element can be achieved by selecting the aluminum alloys. Within the framework of preferred aluminum alloys according to the invention, aluminum forging alloys with magnesium and / or manganese metals are preferred, in particular with a manganese content of between 0.2 and 6.2%, in in particular between 0.2 and 1.5% and a magnesium content between 0.5 and 8%, and in particular between 3.5 and 5.5%.

In the context of the present invention, especially good results were obtained with AlMg4.5Mn0.7, in particular AlMg4.5Mn0.7H24.

The facade elements have, in their rear part, specially formed fixing elements composed of a support rib and a retention rib, the thickness of the retention rib corresponding approximately to the thickness of the facade element. The thickness of the retaining rib is also greater than the distance between the back of the facade element and the inner part of the retaining rib, which further contributes to greater stability of the fasteners.

With these fixing elements according to the invention, which also can also be reinforced on the side of the support element turned towards the retention element, fixing elements are provided that have breaking loads of more than 3,000 N, and of this double the way the facade elements known so far.

The invention, as well as other embodiments and advantageous variants thereof, are described and explained in more detail below by means of the examples depicted in the drawings. According to the invention, the characteristics that can be extracted from the description and the drawings can be applied individually or grouped in any combination.

Figure 1 shows a perspective representation of a support for a facade element,

Figure 2 shows a detailed view of a patterned hook of Figure 1,

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a support profile with grooved profile and suspended facade element,

Figure 4 shows a plan view of the grooved profile 45 with support profile 12,

Figure 5 shows a side view of facade elements suspended in support profiles,

Figure 6 shows a second embodiment of a support for the facade element with anchoring elements arranged directly in the central section and

Figure 7 shows the side view of the support profile of the second embodiment of Figure 6 with compression spring.

Figure 1 shows a support for U-shaped facade elements configured as support profile 12. The support profile 12 is preferably made of an aluminum alloy, such as AlMg4.5Mn0.7H24. This alloy is characterized by particularly high stability with a reduced weight.

The support profile 12 comprises a central section 13, which extends along a longitudinal axis 14 of the support profile 12. To the right and to the left of the central section 13 are joined side faces 28, 29, in which anchoring elements 18 are formed, which serve to house the facade elements. To increase the stability, the anchoring elements 18 have the pattern 16 according to the invention, which is shown in detail in Figure 2.

The hook-shaped anchoring elements 18 are L-shaped and comprise a trapezoidal support rib 24 rigidly attached to the lateral face 28, 29. In the transition zone between the support rib 24 and the lateral face 28, 29, on both sides of the support rib, two notches 26a, 26b are provided, which serve to avoid the effect of indentation and the formation of cracks.

On the side of the support rib 24 opposite the face 28, 29 a retention rib 20 is formed. The retention rib 20 serves to suspend the fixing element 50 in the facade element 51. The end of the hook 19 of the rib Retention 20 is rounded. The outer edge 21 and the inner edge 22 of the retaining rib 20 and the outer edge 30 of the side face 28, 29 run parallel to each other.

By way of reinforcement, the anchoring element 18 has the pattern 16 according to the invention, which extends essentially in the central area 31 of the anchoring element 18. The outer part 25 of the pattern 16 on the retaining rib 20 does not run in parallel, but at an acute angle and, in particular, approximately between 3 and 4 ° with respect to the outer edge 21 of the retention nerve 20.

The outer part 22 of the pattern 16 on the support rib 24 also runs at an acute angle 5 of, in particular, approximately between 3 and 4 ° with respect to the outer edge 23 of the support rib 24.

Thanks to the sharp angle of the outer edges 22, 25 of the pattern with respect to the outer edges 21, 23 of the ribs 20, 24, an asymmetric compression of the material is achieved at the edge of the hook.

The pattern 16 is V-shaped, both arms of the "V" forming an obtuse angle £ of approximately 120 °, whose transition zone is configured in an arc / elbow shape. The depth of the stamping with an aluminum sheet thickness between 2.0 and 2.5 mm is approximately 1.2 to 1.5 mm.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the two arms of the print 16 have the same length.

However, in a variant, which is characterized by greater rigidity, the arm that runs in the support rib 24 may be longer and run up to the face 28 or the central section 28, 29.

The support profile 12 shown in FIG. 1 has several pairs of anchoring elements 18, 18 'which are advantageously configured identically. Each pair of anchoring elements 18 is arranged at the same height on both sides on the two lateral faces 28, 29. At a certain distance, below the first pair of anchoring elements 18, there are other pairs of anchoring elements 18 ' .

The angle between the lateral faces 28, 29 and the central section 13 is preferably 90 °, but may also be greater than or less than 90 °.

The support profile 12 is fixed by placing the back of the central section 13 on an exterior and / or external wall or a frame construction by means of known fixing means, such as a threaded connection, rivets or the like.

Between the anchoring elements 18, 18 'provided on each side face 28, 29 can be provided bows 40, which serve to fix a grooved profile 45. In each bowl 40, the floor of the bowl 41 is stamped more inward than what corresponds to the alignment of the outer edge 30 of the lateral face 28, 29. In this way a deeper bearing surface 42 is produced with respect to the outer edge 30 but parallel thereto, which serves to accommodate grooved profiles 45, described in more detail in DE 102 48 597 A1. Thanks to the grooved profile 45, the open U-profile 12 is covered by placing the grooved profile 45 between both side faces 28, 29 on the support surfaces of the bowl 42. The grooved profile consists of a sheet of sheet metal, which is folded along a fold on both sides at an angle of almost 180 ° as an elastic strip (see figure 4).

In Fig. 3, the grooved profile 45 is placed in the support profile 12, and in the anchoring elements 18 there are partially suspended facade elements 51. The grooved profile 45 serves to distance the suspended facade elements 51 and to isolate the 60 slots between the facade elements

51. The facade elements 51 come into contact with the grooved profile 45 with a slight pretension. In addition, the grooved profile 45 comprises spring tabs 46 that serve as protection against disassembly.

Figure 5 shows the fit of the anchoring elements 18 of the support profile 12 in the fixing elements 50 of the facade element 51. The single wall facade brick 51 has a smooth front part 52 and a rear part 53, in which are arranged one below other fixing elements 50 in rows that run parallel to each other. Each fixing element 50 is hook-shaped and extends over the entire width of the rear part of the facade element. Alternatively, different fixing means 50 can also be provided in the rear part 53 of the facade element 51. The fixing elements 50 of the facade element 51 are hook-shaped and also have a support rib 54 and a retention rib 55.

The fixing elements 50 of these extensive facade elements have been improved in accordance with the invention, so that the fixing elements 50 are prevented from detaching even with high wind solicitations. This is achieved because the thickness 56 of the retaining rib 55 corresponds approximately to the thickness of the facade element 51 and is greater than the distance 57 between the back of the facade element 53 and the inner part 58 of the retaining rib 55. The rib of support 54 has the shape of an inclined trapezoid, and the outer edge 59 of the support rib 54 is reinforced to counteract a nicking effect.

These facade elements with the improved fixing elements have breaking loads of more than

3,000 N, and therefore approximately twice that of the facade elements known so far.

The anchoring elements 18 of the support profile 12 are fitted, with their retaining ribs 20, in the recess 61 located at the rear 53 of the facade element 51, between the rear part 53 of the facade element 51 and the inner part 58 of the retention nerve 55.

In this regard, the outer part 21 of the retaining rib 20 of the anchoring element 18 is in contact with the rear portion 53 of the facade element 51, and the inner part 58 of the retaining rib 55 of the facade element 51 is in contact with the inner part of the retaining rib 20 of the anchoring element 18.

An alternative embodiment for the support with the stamped hooks according to the invention is shown in Figures 6 and 7. In this alternative profile 72, lateral faces 28, 29 are not provided, but rather on the side of the central section 73, anchoring elements 18 are formed directly with the pattern 16 according to the invention, the elements being folded at right angles. anchor 18 towards the central section 73. This profile is particularly suitable for low construction heights.

To increase the stability, the anchoring elements 18 have the pattern 16 in accordance with the invention described in more detail above, which also extends in a V-shape in the retention rib 20 and the support rib 24 of the anchoring element 18 .

In the central section 73 a compression spring 74 is fixed, which ensures a fixed seat of the suspended facade elements and prevents subsequent disassembly of the facade element. This compression spring 74 is joined to profile 72 preferably by clinching.

The profiles are manufactured by punching and stamping at the same time the stamping and, in the first preferred embodiment, also the bowls. Next, the anchoring elements or the lateral faces conform to the anchoring elements.

Then, the grooved profiles, in case of the first preferred embodiment of the profile, can be fitted with the lateral faces or, in the case of the profile without lateral faces, clinched in the central section.

Comparative tests:

The best loading capacity of the hook-shaped anchoring elements according to the invention according to Figure 2 is documented by the following comparative tests.

The load capacity test was carried out by determining the request for wind whirlpools of the different anchoring elements. All the anchorage elements examined were formed equally and had the same material thickness (2 mm). The review was carried out at a test speed of 5 mm / min and a distance of 9 mm.

The results are represented in the following table.

Print

Breaking load �N� Future

AlMg3 H22

1581 Detachment hook

AlMg3Mg4.5Mn0.7H24

2184 Detachment hook

Al Mg3Mg4.5Mn0.7H24

Yes, stamped depth 1.2 mm 2329 Detachment hook

The tests carried out prove that the breaking load of the examined hooks can be increased thanks to the stamping according to the invention and the selection of a suitable aluminum alloy.

Claims (17)

one.

Use of a device to fix facade elements (51),

the facade elements (51) presenting a visible part and a rear part and fixing means (50) arranged in the rear part in rows that run parallel to each other, the device comprising support profiles (12), which have a section band-shaped center (13) in which, symmetrically to the longitudinal axis (14) of the support profiles (12), anchoring elements (18) are provided to accommodate the facade elements (51), and anchoring elements (18) are made in an L-shape and have a support rib (24) and a retention rib (20), characterized in that the anchoring elements (18) have a pattern (16), because the pattern ( 16) it is provided at least in the area of the retention rib (20), and because the outer edge (25) of the pattern (16) in the retention rib (20) does not run parallel to the outer edge (21) of the retention nerve (20).

2.

Use of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pattern is essentially arranged in the central area of the retention rib (20).

3.

Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer edge (25) of the pattern (16) in the retention rib (20) extends at an acute angle and with respect to the outer edge (21) of the nerve of retention (20).

Four.

Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the anchoring elements (18) comprise a support rib (24) and because the outer edge (22) of the pattern (16) in the support rib (24) it runs in parallel or not in parallel, in particular at an acute angle 5 with respect to the outer edge (23) of the support rib (24).

5.

Use of the device according to claim 3 and / or 4, characterized in that the acute angles and / and 5 are less than 10 ° and preferably less than 5 ° and more preferably between 3 and 4 °.

6.

Use of the device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pattern (16) is straight or angular.

7.

Use of the device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pattern (16) has a V-shape, because both arms of the pattern (16) are arranged at an obtuse angle and because the transition zone is in the form of an arc.

8.

Use of the device according to claim 7, characterized in that the lengths of the embossing arms (16) are equal or the length of the arm in the support rib (24) is greater than the length of the arm in the retention nerve (20) .

9.

Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the depth of the printing is between 20% and 80%, preferably between 50% and 70%, of the thickness of the material.

10.

Use of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the width of the pattern (16) is between 0.1 and 0.8 times, preferably between 0.3 and 0.65 times, the width of the retention rib ( twenty).

eleven.

Use of the device according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pattern is rounded.

12.

Use of the device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the material is between 1.5 mm and 4 mm, and in particular between 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm.

13.

Use of the device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

14.

Use of the device according to claim 13, characterized in that the aluminum alloy is an aluminum forging alloy with the magnesium and / or manganese metals, in particular with a manganese content of between 0.2 and 6.2%, in particular between 0.2 and 1.5% and a magnesium content between 0.5 and 8.0% and in particular between 3.5 and 5.5%.

fifteen.

Use of the device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing means (50) in the rear part (53) of the facade element (51) have a rib

of support (54) and a retention rib (55), and because the thickness (56) of the retention rib (55) corresponds approximately to the thickness of the facade element (51).

16.

Use of the device according to claim 15, characterized in that the thickness (56) of the

retention nerve (55) is greater than the distance (57) between the rear (53) of the facade element and 5 the inner part (58) of the retention nerve (55). 17. Use according to any of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that the outer part (21) of the retaining rib (20) of the anchoring element (18) is in contact with the rear part (53) of the facade element (51), and the inner part (58) of the retaining rib (55) is in contact with the inner part of the retaining rib (20) of the anchoring element (18).