ES2393025B1

ES2393025B1 - SYSTEM OF EXTRACTION OF BLOOD SAMPLES OF SECURITY.

Info

Publication number: ES2393025B1
Application number: ES200901896A
Authority: ES
Inventors: Ángel Alfonso Gutiérrez Miguélez
Original assignee: Universidad de Alicante
Current assignee: Universidad de Alicante
Priority date: 2009-09-23
Filing date: 2009-09-23
Publication date: 2013-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-23
Also published as: ES2393025A1

Abstract

Sistema de extracción de muestras sanguíneas de seguridad, que se coloca sobre el origen de la muestra y se cierra al introducir los dientes contrapuestos en la pasarela dentada, y al presionar la carcasa aislante hace que se desplace la base que empuja al estilete que a su vez perfora la tapadera perforable y el origen de la muestra. Al dejar de presionar la carcasa aislante, esta se retrae al igual que la base y el estilete, permitiendo que la muestra entre en la carcasa aislante a través del orificio creado por el estilete, y siendo absorbido por la malla absorbente. Con lo que al retirar la sección semiperforada irán junto a la muestra un código alfanumérico y un código de barras dejando en la pulsera otro código alfanumérico con su correspondiente código de barras.System of extraction of sanguineous samples of hygiene, that is placed on the origin of the sample and closes when introducing the opposing teeth in the toothed gangway, and when pressing the insulating casing causes that it displaces the base that pushes to the stylet that to its once perforates the pierceable lid and the origin of the sample. When you stop pressing the insulating shell, it retracts as does the base and stylet, allowing the sample to enter the insulating shell through the hole created by the stylet, and being absorbed by the absorbent mesh. With this, when removing the semi-perforated section, an alphanumeric code and a barcode will be placed next to the sample, leaving on the bracelet another alphanumeric code with its corresponding bar code.

Description

SISTEMA DE EXTRACCiÓN DE MUESTRAS SANGuíNEAS DE SEGURIDAD 5 DESCRIPCiÓN Objeto de la invención La presente invención se refiere a un sistema de extracción de muestras 10 sanguíneas de seguridad para pruebas de ADN. El sistema ha sido concebido y realizado para obtener numerosas y notables ventajas respecto a otros medios existentes de análogas finalidades. El sistema está previsto para lograr extraer una pequeña cantidad de sangre 15 reduciendo las posibilidades de contaminación de la muestra. Para ello, el sistema cuenta con 11 partes bien diferenciadas que encajan entre sí formando un único objeto que es capaz de extraer una muestra de sangre de forma segura. 20 Antecedentes de la invención Se conocen varios sistemas y dispositivos para extracción de muestras sanguíneas, para pruebas de ADN. En tal sentido pueden citarse sistemas basados en agujas enmangadas con las 25 que se perfora la piel hasta llegar a un vaso sanguíneo provocando la salida de la sangre tras lo cual colocamos un papel numerado sobre la sangre para que este sirva de soporte para la posterior extracción en el laboratorio. Este sistema presenta diversos inconvenientes, tales como la posibilidad de contaminación de la muestra antes, durante y después de la manipulación del papel, la 30 posibilidad de sustitución del papel por otro similar. También existe un problema latente en la posibilidad de que esa muestra de sangre sea potencialmente patógena y que reciba el trato de una hoja de papel por toda aquella persona que desconozca su naturaleza de portadora de muestra sanguínea. De esta forma el informe que salga del análisis podrá ser identificado en el origen gracias a la pulsera elástica de forma automática. Serán independientes del objeto de la invención los materiales empleados en la 5 fabricación de los componentes del sistema de extracción de muestras sanguíneas de seguridad, formas y dimensiones de los mismos, y todos los detalles accesorios, como que puedan presentarse, siempre y cuando no afecten a su esencialidad. Igualmente, se conocen otros sistemas basados en extracciones masivas de sangre mediante agujas huecas unidas a una jeringuilla mediante la que se succiona la sangre tras introducir la aguja en un vaso sanguíneo importante, tras lo cual se tapa la jeringuilla y se rotula una referencia con un rotulador 5 imborrable. Este sistema presenta grandes limitaciones de aplicabilidad dada la necesidad de un vaso sanguíneo grande en función de la pericia de quien toma la muestra. Por no mencionar la poca seguridad que supone escribir con rotulador sobre una superficie curva, para que luego otros lo lean, lo cual suele causar muchos errores en los laboratorios hasta que no se conoce la letra de 10 los demás. Explicación de la invención El sistema de extracción de muestras sanguíneas de seguridad de la invención presenta una nueva estrategia a la hora de extraer muestras sanguíneas: 15 unificar en un único objeto y proceso la extracción de la muestra de forma segura. Basándonos en los múltiples consumibles desechables fitosanitarios usaremos una pulsera plástica que cuente con una ampolla también plástica y con cierto grado de elasticidad que contendrá una base en la que se apoyará un estilete que terminará en una malla, todo ello al vacío y tapado en su 20 reverso interno por una lámina de aluminio delgado a modo de tapadera perforable. Dicha ampolla se encontrará en una sección de la pulsera semi perforada, que además de la ampolla contendrá un código alfanumérico y otro de barras, que se encontrarán pareados con sus respectivos códigos que se localizarán en la parte no perforada de la pulsera. 25 Además, se ha previsto que la pulsera cuente con una pasarela dentada y dientes contrapuestos al estilo de las abrazaderas, evitando de esta forma su perdida accidental una vez colocadas. 30 También existe la posibilidad de introducir una encriptación entre los números de la pulsera de forma que aunque un tercero tenga acceso a la muestra, o a la pulsera, no pueda saber a priori los otros códigos. Igualmente, Breve descripción de los dibujos Para completar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar, y con el objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva de un juego de planos, en base a 5 tales figuras se comprenderán más fácilmente las innovaciones y ventajas del dispositivo objeto de la invención. En dichos dibujos, la figura 1 representa el diagrama básico del sistema de extracción de muestras sanguíneas de seguridad. En la cual podemos observar 10 la carcasa aislante (1), donde se aprecia como envuelve al resto del sistema creando un sistema orientado de forma que solo reciba muestras del interior, integrando en su estructura una tapadera perforable (4), la cual encierra malla absorbente (5) y un estilete (3) que se apoya en una base (2); la figura 2 representa un sistema de extracción de muestras sanguíneas una vez es 15 presionado, donde podemos observar como el estilete (3) perfora la malla absorbente (5), la tapadera perforable (4) y el origen de la muestra (6) gracias a la deformación de la carcasa aislante (1), mientras que la base (2) queda inalterada; la figura 3 presenta un sistema de extracción de muestras sanguíneas una vez se deja de ejercer presión sobre él, donde observamos 20 como entra la sangre (7) a la malla absorbente (5), desde el origen de la muestra (6) una vez el estilete (3) deja el camino libre al ser retirado por la carcasa aislante (1) a través de la base (2), mientras que la tapadera perforable (4) contiene la hemorragia; la figura 4 muestra la disposición del sistema de extracción de muestras sanguíneas de seguridad, donde se observa la carcasa 25 aislante (1) en la sección semi perforada (8) de la pulsera plástica (11), así como los códigos alfanuméricos y de barras de la sección semi perforada (9) y del resto de la pulsera (10), donde además se encuentra la pasarela dentada (12) y los dientes contrapuestos (13); la figura 5 presenta la pulsera plástica (11) así como los códigos alfanuméricos y de barras del resto de la pulsera 30 (10), donde además se encuentra la pasarela dentada (12) y los dientes contrapuestos (13) una vez extraída la sección semi perforada con la muestra; la figura 6 muestra una vista frontal de la pulsera plástica (11), donde podemos observar la carcasa aislante (1). los SYSTEM OF EXTRACTION OF SANGUINE SECURITY SAMPLES 5 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a system of extraction of blood samples 10 for security of DNA tests. The system has been conceived and realized to obtain numerous and notable advantages with respect to other existing means of analogous purposes. The system is designed to extract a small amount of blood 15 reducing the chances of contamination of the sample. For this, the system has 11 well differentiated parts that fit together forming a single object that is capable of extracting a blood sample safely. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Various systems and devices for blood sample extraction are known for DNA testing. In this regard can be cited systems based on needles wrapped with the 25 that pierces the skin to reach a blood vessel causing blood to leak out after which we place a numbered paper on the blood to serve as support for the subsequent extraction at the laboratory. This system has several drawbacks, such as the possibility of contamination of the sample before, during and after the handling of the paper, the possibility of replacing the paper with a similar one. There is also a latent problem in the possibility that this blood sample is potentially pathogenic and that it receives the treatment of a sheet of paper by anyone who does not know its nature as a blood sample carrier. In this way the report that comes out of the analysis can be identified at the origin thanks to the elastic bracelet automatically. The materials used in the manufacture of the components of the safety blood sample extraction system, forms and dimensions thereof, and all the accessory details, as they may be presented, will be independent of the object of the invention, as long as they do not affect to its essentiality. Likewise, other systems based on massive extractions of blood by means of hollow needles attached to a syringe by means of which the blood is sucked after inserting the needle in a major blood vessel are known, after which the syringe is capped and a reference is labeled with a syringe. 5 indelible marker. This system has great limitations of applicability given the need for a large blood vessel depending on the skill of the person taking the sample. Not to mention the little security that involves writing with a marker on a curved surface, so that others can read it, which usually causes many errors in the laboratories until the letter of the others is known. Explanation of the invention The safety blood sampling system of the invention presents a new strategy when extracting blood samples: unify in a single object and process the extraction of the sample safely. Based on the multiple phytosanitary disposable consumables we will use a plastic bracelet that has a plastic ampule with a certain degree of elasticity that will contain a base on which a stiletto will rest that will end in a mesh, all under vacuum and covered in a 20 internal back by a thin aluminum foil as a pierceable lid. This ampoule will be found in a section of the semi-perforated bracelet, which in addition to the ampoule will contain an alphanumeric code and a bar code, which will be paired with their respective codes that will be located in the non-perforated part of the bracelet. In addition, it has been foreseen that the bracelet has a toothed gangway and opposing teeth in the style of the clamps, thus preventing accidental loss once placed. There is also the possibility of introducing an encryption between the numbers of the bracelet so that even if a third party has access to the sample, or to the bracelet, it can not know a priori the other codes. Equally, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To complete the description that is going to be carried out next, and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this descriptive specification of a set of drawings, based on 5 such Figures will more easily understand the innovations and advantages of the device object of the invention. In said drawings, Figure 1 represents the basic diagram of the safety blood sampling system. In which we can see 10 the insulating shell (1), where it is seen as envelops the rest of the system creating a system oriented so that only receives samples from the interior, integrating a perforable lid (4), which encloses mesh absorbent (5) and a stylet (3) resting on a base (2); Figure 2 represents a system for extracting blood samples once it is pressed, where we can observe how the stylet (3) pierces the absorbent mesh (5), the pierceable lid (4) and the origin of the sample (6) thanks to the deformation of the insulating housing (1), while the base (2) remains unchanged; Figure 3 presents a system for extracting blood samples once the pressure is stopped, where we observe how the blood (7) enters the absorbent mesh (5), from the origin of the sample (6) once the stylet (3) leaves the path free when it is removed by the insulating casing (1) through the base (2), while the pierceable lid (4) contains the hemorrhage; Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the safety blood sampling system, where the insulating casing (1) is observed in the semi-perforated section (8) of the plastic bracelet (11), as well as the alphanumeric and bar codes of the semi-perforated section (9) and of the rest of the bracelet (10), where the toothed gangway (12) and opposing teeth (13) are also found; figure 5 presents the plastic bracelet (11) as well as the alphanumeric and bar codes of the rest of the bracelet 30 (10), where there is also the toothed gangway (12) and the opposing teeth (13) once the section is removed semi perforated with the sample; Figure 6 shows a front view of the plastic bracelet (11), where we can see the insulating casing (1). the

Claims

Description of a preferred embodiment In view of the figures, it can be seen how the device is made up of 11 pieces (numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13) than at 5 coupled together give rise to the safety blood sample extraction system, in which we can distinguish the extraction parts (2), (3) AND (5) AND the safety ones (1), (4), (8) , (9), (10), (11), (12) and (13), which act on the remaining ones, thus giving rise to the safety blood sample extraction system (Figure 4). 10 Currently, there are many different materials with which to make the various parts of the system, and multiple techniques that we could use to make the insulating shell and the plastic bracelet. However, for simple economy we will choose generalized materials and techniques. So, 15 for the insulating shell, we will choose high density pvc injected in aluminum mold. However, for the plastic bracelet we will choose low density pvc as well as the semi-perforated section. For the base we will also use PVC but this time rigid. While for the stylet we will use glass microfiber composite with graphene in a matrix of crystalline epoxy 20 polymerized under UV radiation. We will make the pierceable lid from the aluminum sheets that are used in the sector of pre-cooked food containers. The absorbent mesh will be made of Polyacrylate with cellulose fibers. The codes will be printed by a standard laser printer when the bracelet is still a pvc sheet. The toothed catwalk and the 25 opposed teeth will be made by means of a thermal die cutter together with the union of the insulating casing and that of the pierceable cover. Consequently, in order to extract a blood sample for DNA testing, we will clean the extraction area, place the elastic bracelet on the origin of the sample (a wrist for example) and press the casing for a second, then we will stop pressing and We will stretch the semi-perforated section separating it from the bracelet and we will take the sample to the laboratory where it can be liquefied by physical (ultrasound) or chemical (salt) methods and the sample will be identified either mechanically by the barcode 35 or manually by the alphanumeric code. preferred

1.-Safety blood sample extraction system characterized by comprising eleven pieces (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (8), (9), (10), (11 ), (12) and (13) 5 interlocking creating the system, which is placed on the origin of the sample (6) and is closed by introducing the opposing teeth (13) in the toothed catwalk (12), and pressing the insulating casing (1) causes the base (2) to move which pushes the stylet (3) which in turn pierces the pierceable cap (4) and the sample origin (6). By releasing pressure on the insulating casing (1), it retracts as well as the base (2) and the stylet (3), allowing the sample to enter the insulating casing (1) through the hole created by the stylet (3), and being absorbed by the absorbent mesh (5). Thus, when removing the semi-perforated section (8), an alphanumeric code and a barcode (9) will go along with the sample, leaving another alphanumeric code with its corresponding barcode (10) on the bracelet. 2. Safety blood sample extraction system according to claim 1, characterized by incorporating in a single object everything necessary for the extraction and transport of the sample. System