ES2370878A1 - Procedure for the depuration of wastewater through ecological and compact equipment. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for the purification of wastewater by ecological and compact equipment consisting of a tank with three compartments. The raw water enters the first compartment to perform a pretreatment before its passage to the second compartment where there are fine bubble diffusers that provide oxygen to the wastewater for what is called the biological treatment of water. The last compartment is a decanter where sludge will be deposited in the bottom that periodically has to be removed by authorized manager and another part of it will be recirculated again to the first compartment, having an outlet for purified water. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Water purification procedure waste through ecological and compact equipment.

The present invention lies with a team and wastewater purification procedure using plants floating aquatic floats especially applicable to equipment of urban wastewater treatment.

This invention belongs to the technical area of wastewater treatment equipment.

Description of the invention

The present invention consists of a tank with Three compartments Raw water enters the first compartment where it is possible to carry out a pretreatment of raw water before passing to the second compartment where the fine bubble diffusers that provide oxygen to wastewater for what is called the biological treatment of water. The last compartment is a decanter where they are going to deposit in the bottom sludge that must be periodically removed by an authorized agent and another part of them will be recirculated again to the first compartment

State of the art

Oxidation systems allow degrading the water pollutant material using dissolved air, rich in oxygen In conventional debugging technologies this oxygen is supplied by electromechanical equipment (blowers, turbines, compressors or the like) with the consequent expense of electrical energy, noise and maintenance of these equipment by highly qualified staff.

The present invention is in line with the IP patents 9700706, W 9800086 ES, W 06000570 ES, P.I. 200502496, W 08000369 ES, W 08000370 ES, P.I. 200101015, P.I. 200900811, P.I. 200901122, P.I. 201030651 and with utility models 201031138 and U201031140.

The present invention aims to simplify the equipment and procedures with the consequent savings.

Advantages of the present invention

The advantages of this invention with regarding the inventions mentioned above is that with the equipment contributes a significant percentage of oxygen to the water through Emerging floating water plants. What entails saving important energy, elimination of noise, odors and for your maintenance is only necessary to perform tasks of gardening.

Emerging plants acquire a larger size that the floating ones increasing the diffusion of the air from the zone no submerged to the parts of the rhizome that are underwater, so They are more interesting from the point of view of debugging. Without however so that they can occupy the surface of the water sheet you have to provide them with a support to grow so that despite if emerging we will force them to float through this support that Float and free the entire area of rhizomes that are found under the sheet of water to favor the diffusion of oxygen from these rhizomes to wastewater.

The present invention provides two embodiments. according to the volume of water to be purified.

Description of the designs

To complete the description that has been effected and a better understanding of this memory are accompanied by attached drawings showing a preferred embodiment example, non-limiting, of the object of the invention and in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a compact urban wastewater treatment equipment designed for a population of one to 12 he1 .

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of a compact equipment for urban wastewater treatment designed for a population of 12 to 200 h-e.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the base of lift for floating plants adaptable to compact equipment of figure 1.

Figure 4 is a plan view of two realizations of the support base for floating plants adaptable to the compact equipment of figure nº2.

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Preferred embodiment of the invention

Description of a preferred embodiment for compact urban wastewater treatment equipment that it would consist of a substantially rectangular rectangular tank (1) vertically in the realization of smaller and larger horizontally elongated capacity whose side endings They are shaped like hemispheres (A and C). In this embodiment of greater capacity for the first of them enters the water discharge (3) residual and on it there is a man's mouth (2). On the third body (C) in its upper part there is another man mouth (2) and the outlet (4) for purified water.

In the central horizontal body of this realization a support base (6) is placed that supports emerging aquatic plants (10) holding their rhizomes under the sufficiently aerated water. These lift bases can have a square, rectangular landscape or round plan and will be formed by HDPE meshes (8) surrounded perimeter by a tube of PVC or by a hydrotube (7) to which they are joined by flanges of fixation (9) equidistant.

The blower group (11) will be placed in an area under roof, booth or similar for protection, is connected to an electrovalve (12) that provides air and through the tube (5) oxygen to the bottom of the central tank where there is a air diffuser network (13) that provides oxygen to the rhizomes of the plants.

The tank is equipped with a tube (14) type venturi for the recirculation of wastewater, as well as of an inverted U-bent tube (15) whose innermost end it presents an arched upwards and that communicates zone A of the tank with the B. Zone B communicates with the C through a tube minor in S (16).

In the first hemisphere (A) where the wastewater discharge (3) is produced by decantation the separation of solids and fats, in the central body (B) occurs aeration and oxygenation of wastewater and in the second hemisphere (C) proceeds to the recirculation of water, the decanting and the discharge of the discharges discharged towards the Exterior.

In a second embodiment with lower capacity the reservoir can have a cylindrical shape with the bottom edges convex occupying the center a water plant sustainer (6 ').

The deposit has two vertical zones with plant shaped cylindrical sector (A 'and C'). In the zone of Pour inlet (A ') occurs the separation of oils and grease and is joined by an inverted U-shaped tube that is topped in a concave termination and (15 ') that effects water circulation between both zones (A 'and B'). The equipment consists of a blowing equipment (11 ') that injects air into the base of the central tank at through two or more diffuser circles (13 ') of air. The deposit central (B ') communicates with the third tank by a tube shaped of U whose intermediate section has an arched shape (16 '). At third tank (C1) there is a submersible pump (17) that recirculates sludge to the first deposit (A ').

In both embodiments, this third zone of the deposit has a settling chamber at its base (C-C) and a discharge (4-4 ').

In the realization of greater capacity (Figure 2) the deposits located on both sides (A-C), go equipped with openings with cover (2) called manhole, the covers are removed and thus the interior of the tank in case of having to make any repairs, to Observe the characteristics of wastewater. In both realizations in the second compartment there is no cover because it is a open compartment above just where we support the plants in flotation and in case of having to make repairs or cleaning it easily removed.

The blower group (11) provides air to the diffusers It consists of a continuous use membrane compressor without No kind of greasing or maintenance. Keeps inducing a stream of air for 20-22 hours / day at through PVC pipes, D = ½ '', connected to the diffusers.

The diffuser equipment (13) of membrane Thin bubble are formed by a plastic structure that supports a microperforated rubber membrane with micro-holes that act like a valve: they expand to let the air out, but it they close once the flow has stopped, to prevent water between.

They have had great acceptance in treatment of wastewater in aerobic processes for its advantages in terms of Oxygen transfer efficiency and energy saving. Membrane diffusers are installed covering the surface of the tank bottom, the exact number being defined according to the Amount of oxygen to be transferred.

Debugging procedure 1.- Pretreatment: Degreasing / sanding (first compartment)

Its purpose is fat removal, oils, foams and floating materials lighter than water for avoid interference in subsequent processes. This way you prevents overload of the following compartments and the appearance of filamentous organisms, harmful, in the systems Biological

Degreasing in urban waters is indispensable and in this case it is done in combination with the sanding, alternative that has the following advantages:

Speeds sedimentation of sands and flotation of particles of grease is not modified practically by performing the sanding and degreased in the same tank which is logical if considered the difference in densities between the sand particles and grease.

The particles of sand, when settling, the ascending speeds of fat particles They thus have more time to get in touch with each other during your journey to the surface, increasing the flotation performance of fat

In the joint system, in the same tank of sandblasting (A) a reassuring zone is created where they accumulate fats on the surface, evacuating by sweeping superficial.

2.- Aerobic biological treatment (second compartment)

Its purpose is the reduction of matter organic present in wastewater once exceeded Pretreatment and primary treatment phases. The treatment secondary we propose is a biological process led to carried out by the active sludge procedure.

It consists of a continuous process in which the wastewater is stabilized biologically in tanks or rafts of activation, in which aerobic conditions are maintained. He effluent, once submitted to the pretreatment process, is made arrive free of thick solids and grease, to the aeration tank (B) where he receives the oxygen supply necessary for the action Metabolic of microorganisms. This contribution is made through of diffusers (13) arranged inside the raft.

3.- Mud accumulation (third compartment)

In a biological wastewater treatment sludge is obtained. One part is recirculated at the beginning of the system to provide the discharge of sufficient organic load and the rest It must be evacuated.

4.- Sludge recirculation

The system used for recirculation is the called "Venturi System", which uses its energy air drive group and that sucks the decanted sludge towards the aeration compartment, making the use of other electromechanical elements, a circumstance that minimizes both energy expenditure and the maintenance of equipment.

The system is automatic, commanded by a solenoid valve and timer clock.

It consists of a continuous process in which the wastewater is stabilized biologically in compartment B, in which aerobic conditions are maintained. The effluent of first compartment goes to a second compartment with a contribution of oxygen for the metabolic action of the microorganisms that go to constitute the active sludge of the treatment plant. This contribution of oxygen is effected by a blower connected to electricity and through diffusers arranged inside the raft.

Claims (3)

1. Procedure for the purification of wastewater by means of ecological and compact equipment, characterized by a substantially rectangular horizontally elongated tank whose lateral terminations are in the form of hemispheres (A and C). In the realization of greater capacity there are at both ends of the tank two manholes with closing lids. In the first department there is an inlet for wastewater and in the last tank there is an outlet for the purified water. In the upper part the central body is located a lift base that supports emerging aquatic plants holding its rhizomes underwater sufficiently airy. its lift base has a rectangular landscape being formed by HDPE meshes perimeter surrounded by a PVC pipe or by a hydrotube to which they are attached by fixing flanges equidistant. In a covered area a group is located blower connected to a solenoid valve that provides through the tube air and oxygen to the bottom of the central tank where there is a network of air diffusers that provide oxygen to the rhizomes of the plants. The blower group consists of a compressor of Continuous use membrane without any kind of greasing. The tank is equipped with type tubes venturi for the recirculation of wastewater, as well as of an inverted U-bent tube whose innermost end has a arched up and that communicates zone A of the tank with the B. Zone B communicates with C through a smaller S tube. The bubble membrane diffuser equipment thin are formed by a plastic structure that supports a Microperforated rubber membrane with micro holes that act as a valve 2. Procedure for the purification of wastewater by means of ecological and compact equipment created for a lower capacity, characterized by presenting a cylindrical shape divided in its interior into 3 compartments, the sides with a circular shaped floor plan and the center with a rectangular shape. The first tank through which the water to be purified enters is connected to the central tank by an inverted U-shaped recirculation tube. The equipment consists of a blowing device that injects air into the base of the central tank through two or more air diffuser circles. The central warehouse (B ') is communicates with the third tank by a U-shaped tube whose section intermediate presents an arched shape. The third deposit presents at its base a sedimentation chamber with an inverted U-shaped tube pump and in the upper part an outlet for purified water. 3. Procedure for the purification of wastewater, characterized by the degreasing combined with the sandblasting in the first part of the tank creating a reassuring zone where fats accumulate on the surface. In the central department the aerobic biological treatment to reduce organic matter stabilizing wastewater in reservoir with aerobic conditions receiving an oxygen supply to activate the metabolic action of microorganisms A part of the accumulated sludge recirculates at system start by the venturi system and the rest must be evacuated