ES2366787T3 - ELEVATOR SYSTEM THAT HAS THE DRIVE MOTOR LOCATED ADJACENT TO THE DOOR OF THE ELEVATOR BOX. - Google Patents
ELEVATOR SYSTEM THAT HAS THE DRIVE MOTOR LOCATED ADJACENT TO THE DOOR OF THE ELEVATOR BOX. Download PDFInfo
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- ES2366787T3 ES2366787T3 ES05017479T ES05017479T ES2366787T3 ES 2366787 T3 ES2366787 T3 ES 2366787T3 ES 05017479 T ES05017479 T ES 05017479T ES 05017479 T ES05017479 T ES 05017479T ES 2366787 T3 ES2366787 T3 ES 2366787T3
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- elevator
- drive motor
- sheave
- housing
- box
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
- B66B7/062—Belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/0035—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support
- B66B11/004—Arrangement of driving gear, e.g. location or support in the machine room
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
- B66B11/08—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B15/00—Main component parts of mining-hoist winding devices
- B66B15/02—Rope or cable carriers
- B66B15/04—Friction sheaves; "Koepe" pulleys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0673—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/2087—Jackets or coverings being of the coated type
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2064—Polyurethane resins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/205—Avoiding relative movement of components
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2501/00—Application field
- D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
- D07B2501/2007—Elevators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S254/00—Implements or apparatus for applying pushing or pulling force
- Y10S254/902—Either drum, pulley wheel element, or cable constructed from specific material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Abstract
Un sistema de ascensor que comprende: una caja del ascensor (12) que tiene una pluralidad de puertas (16; 404) de la caja del ascensor; un camarín (20) del ascensor y al menos un contrapeso situado en la caja del ascensor; un motor de accionamiento (24) acoplado para accionamiento al camarín del ascensor y al contrapeso por medio de conectadores alargados (28; 29); y un armario de control (402) y un controlador (406) del motor de accionamiento apoyado en el armario de control, estando el armario de control dispuesto en un lado de la puerta (404) de la caja del ascensor y caracterizado porque dicho armario de control (402) es movible de manera deslizable desde una primera posición dentro de la caja del ascensor hasta una segunda posición en una entreplanta (204) adyacente del ascensor para el acceso fácil y seguro al controlador; porque el motor de accionamiento (24) está situado por encima de una posición superior de la puerta (404) más superior de la caja del ascensor y porque el motor de accionamiento (24) está situado adyacente a, y cruzando, el rellano (18) de una entreplanta de la puerta más superior (404) de la caja del ascensor.An elevator system comprising: an elevator box (12) having a plurality of doors (16; 404) of the elevator box; a dressing room (20) of the elevator and at least one counterweight located in the elevator box; a drive motor (24) coupled for driving to the elevator car and the counterweight by means of elongated connectors (28; 29); and a control cabinet (402) and a controller (406) of the drive motor supported on the control cabinet, the control cabinet being arranged on one side of the door (404) of the elevator housing and characterized in that said cabinet control (402) is slidably movable from a first position within the elevator housing to a second position in an adjacent mezzanine (204) of the elevator for easy and safe access to the controller; because the drive motor (24) is located above an upper position of the upper door (404) of the elevator housing and because the drive motor (24) is located adjacent to, and crossing, the landing (18 ) of a mezzanine of the uppermost door (404) of the elevator housing.
Description
CAMPO DEL INVENTO FIELD OF THE INVENTION
El presente invento se refiere en general a un sistema de ascensor, y más en particular a un sistema de ascensor que incluye un motor de accionamiento dispuesto adyacente a una puerta de la caja del ascensor. The present invention relates in general to an elevator system, and more particularly to an elevator system that includes a drive motor disposed adjacent to a door of the elevator housing.
ANTECEDENTES DEL INVENTO BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
La construcción de un cuarto de máquinas para un ascensor comporta unos considerables gastos. En los gastos se incluyen: el coste de la construcción del cuarto de máquinas, el de la estructura requerida para soportar el peso del equipo del cuarto de máquinas y del ascensor, y el coste de apantallar las propiedades adyacentes de la luz del sol (por ejemplo, tal como lo disponen la legislación sobre la luz del sol en el Japón y en otros lugares). The construction of a machine room for an elevator involves considerable expenses. The expenses include: the cost of the construction of the machine room, the cost of the structure required to support the weight of the equipment of the machine room and the elevator, and the cost of shielding the adjacent properties of sunlight (per example, as provided by the legislation on sunlight in Japan and elsewhere).
Se han desarrollado sistemas de ascensor para evitar el gasto de un cuarto de máquinas. Estos sistemas de ascensor son difíciles de instalar y de mantener, debido a que el acceso a la caja del ascensor puede ser difícil o peligroso, especialmente para el personal de mantenimiento mientras trabaja en la caja del ascensor en la maquinaria que controla el movimiento del ascensor. Elevator systems have been developed to avoid the expense of a machine room. These elevator systems are difficult to install and maintain, because access to the elevator box can be difficult or dangerous, especially for maintenance personnel while working on the elevator box in the machinery that controls the movement of the elevator .
Un objeto del presente invento es proporcionar un sistema de ascensor sin un cuarto de máquinas, con lo cual se evitan los antes mencionados inconvenientes de los sistemas de ascensor anteriores. An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator system without a machine room, thereby avoiding the aforementioned drawbacks of the previous elevator systems.
SUMARIO DEL INVENTO SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
En el documento EP-A-0680921 A2 se ha descrito un sistema de ascensor con las características del preámbulo de la reivindicación 1. Un armario de control deslizable es descrito en el documento JP-A-10 036 023. An elevator system with the features of the preamble of claim 1 has been described in EP-A-0680921 A2. A sliding control cabinet is described in JP-A-10 036 023.
De acuerdo con el invento se proporciona un sistema de ascensor como el reivindicado en la reivindicación 1. According to the invention, an elevator system is provided as claimed in claim 1.
Una ventaja del presente invento es la de que el sistema de ascensor reduce significativamente el espacio y los costes de construcción asociados a un sistema de ascensor que tenga un cuarto de máquinas. An advantage of the present invention is that the elevator system significantly reduces the space and construction costs associated with an elevator system that has a machine room.
Una segunda ventaja del presente invento es la de disponer de un acceso simplificado y seguro al motor de accionamiento y al equipo asociado, desde una entreplanta o un rellano del ascensor. A second advantage of the present invention is that of having a simplified and safe access to the drive motor and associated equipment, from a mezzanine floor or an elevator landing.
Una tercera ventaja del presente invento es la de que se han previsto varias posiciones alternativas para el motor de accionamiento para acceso fácil y seguro al mismo. A third advantage of the present invention is that several alternative positions are provided for the drive motor for easy and safe access to it.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
La FIG. 1 es una vista esquemática en alzado lateral de un sistema de ascensor, que no es según el invento, en una parte superior de una caja del ascensor que tiene el motor de accionamiento situado en posiciones accesibles inmediatamente encima de una puerta de la caja del ascensor. La FIG. 2 es una vista en perspectiva recortada de un sistema de ascensor, que no es según el invento, en el que se emplean cables planos flexibles. La figura 3 es una vista esquemática en alzado lateral de un sistema de ascensor que no es según el invento, a lo largo de una parte de una caja de ascensor que tiene el motor de accionamiento accesiblemente situado inmediatamente por debajo de una puerta de la caja del ascensor. La figura 4 es una vista esquemática en alzado lateral de un sistema de ascensor de acuerdo con el invento, en una parte superior de una caja del ascensor que tiene el motor de accionamiento situado accesiblemente situado por encima y atravesando un entreplanta del ascensor desde una parte superior de una puerta de la caja del ascensor. La FIG. 5 es una vista esquemática en planta por arriba, de un motor de accionamiento/unidad de accionamiento/unidad de control, que pueden haberse previsto por encima o por debajo de una puerta de la caja del ascensor. La FIG. 6 es una vista en perspectiva, recortada, parcial de un sistema de ascensor, en la que se muestra un panel de control deslizable para fácil acceso al mismo. La FIG. 7 es una vista esquemática en alzado lateral de un sistema de ascensor que no es según el invento, en el que se emplean cables planos flexibles. La FIG. 8 es una vista esquemática en alzado lateral de un sistema de ascensor que no es según el presente invento. La FIG. 9 es una vista en planta, por arriba, del sistema de ascensor de la FIG. 8. FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevation view of an elevator system, which is not according to the invention, in an upper part of an elevator housing having the drive motor located in positions accessible immediately above a lift box door. FIG. 2 is a cropped perspective view of an elevator system, which is not according to the invention, in the that flexible flat cables are used. Figure 3 is a schematic side elevation view of an elevator system that is not according to the invention, along a part of an elevator box that has the drive motor accessiblely located immediately below a door of the elevator box. Figure 4 is a schematic side elevation view of an elevator system according to the invention, in an upper part of an elevator housing having the drive motor located accessibly located above and through an elevator mezzanine from a top of a door of the elevator box FIG. 5 is a schematic top plan view of a drive motor / drive unit drive / control unit, which may have been provided above or below a door of the elevator box FIG. 6 is a perspective, cropped, partial view of an elevator system, in which a Sliding control panel for easy access to it. FIG. 7 is a schematic side elevation view of an elevator system that is not according to the invention, in which flexible flat cables are used. FIG. 8 is a schematic side elevation view of an elevator system that is not according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the elevator system of FIG. 8.
La FIG. 10 es una vista lateral, en corte, de una roldana de tracción y de una pluralidad de cables planos que cada uno tiene una pluralidad de cordones. La FIG. 11 es una vista en corte de uno de los cables planos. FIG. 10 is a side view, in section, of a traction sheave and a plurality of flat cables that Each has a plurality of cords. FIG. 11 is a sectional view of one of the flat cables.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LAS REALIZACIONES PREFERIDAS DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
En la FIG. 1 se ha ilustrado esquemáticamente una vista en alzado lateral de un sistema de ascensor 10 que realiza el presente invento, en el cual se emplean cables redondos. La FIG. 2 es una vista en perspectiva de un sistema de ascensor 50 que es similar al sistema de ascensor 10 de la FIG. 1, excepto en que en el sistema de ascensor 50 se emplean cables planos. Debido a que los sistemas de ascensor 10 y 50 son similares en general, se describirán ambos sistemas conjuntamente. In FIG. 1 is shown schematically a side elevation view of an elevator system 10 which performs the present invention, in which round cables are used. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an elevator system 50 that is similar to the elevator system 10 of FIG. 1, except that in the elevator system 50 flat cables are used. Because elevator systems 10 and 50 are similar in general, both systems will be described together.
El empleo de correas o cables planos permite utilizar motores de accionamiento y roldanas más pequeños para accionar y suspender el camarín y el contrapeso del ascensor, si se comparan con los motores de accionamiento y las roldanas cuando se emplean cables redondos usuales. El diámetro de las roldanas de accionamiento empleadas en los ascensores con cables redondos usuales está limitado a 40 veces el diámetro de los cables, o mayores, debido a la fatiga de los cables al tener éstos que adaptarse repetidamente al diámetro de la roldana y enderezarse luego. Las correas o cables planos tienen una relación de alargamiento mayor que uno, donde la relación de alargamiento se define como la relación de la anchura w de la correa o el cable al grosor t (Relación de Alargamiento = w/t). Por lo tanto, las correas o cables planos son de por sí delgados, si se comparan con los cables redondos usuales. Al ser planos, es menor el esfuerzo de fricción en las fibras cuando se rodea con la correa alrededor de una roldana de diámetro dado. Esto permite el uso de roldanas de tracción de menor diámetro. El par de torsión es proporcional al diámetro de la roldana de tracción. Por lo tanto, el uso de una roldana de tracción de diámetro más pequeño reduce el par de torsión del motor. El tamaño del motor (volumen del rotor), es aproximadamente proporcional al par de torsión; por lo tanto, aunque la potencia mecánica de salida sigue siendo la misma, con independencia del tamaño de la roldana, las correas o cables planos permiten el uso de un motor de accionamiento más pequeño, que opere a una velocidad más alta, si se compara con cuando se emplean cables redondos usuales. Por consiguiente, se pueden acomodar en la caja del ascensor motores de accionamiento usuales y planos más pequeños, con lo cual se reducen significativamente el tamaño y el coste de la construcción de la caja del ascensor. The use of belts or flat cables makes it possible to use smaller drive motors and sheaves to drive and suspend the car and the counterweight of the elevator, when compared with the drive motors and sheaves when usual round cables are used. The diameter of the drive sheaves used in the elevators with usual round cables is limited to 40 times the diameter of the cables, or larger, due to the fatigue of the cables as they have to adapt repeatedly to the diameter of the sheave and then straighten . Flat belts or cables have an elongation ratio greater than one, where the elongation ratio is defined as the ratio of the width w of the belt or the cable to the thickness t (Elongation Ratio = w / t). Therefore, the straps or flat cables are themselves thin, when compared to the usual round cables. Being flat, the frictional stress on the fibers is less when surrounded with the belt around a sheave of given diameter. This allows the use of traction sheaves of smaller diameter. The torque is proportional to the diameter of the traction sheave. Therefore, the use of a smaller diameter traction sheave reduces the torque of the engine. The size of the motor (rotor volume) is approximately proportional to the torque; therefore, although the mechanical output power remains the same, regardless of the size of the sheave, the flat belts or cables allow the use of a smaller drive motor, which operates at a higher speed, if compared with when usual round cables are used. Accordingly, conventional drive motors and smaller planes can be accommodated in the elevator housing, thereby significantly reducing the size and construction cost of the elevator housing.
En resumen, la reducción de tamaño de la máquina (es decir, del motor de accionamiento y de las roldanas) tiene una serie de ventajas. En primer lugar, una máquina más pequeña utiliza menos material, y será menos costosa de producir, si se compara con una máquina mayor. En segundo lugar, el ligero peso de una máquina pequeña reduce el tiempo de manipulación de la máquina y la necesidad de equipo para elevar la máquina para llevarla a su posición, de modo que se reduce significativamente su coste de instalación. En tercer lugar, un bajo par de torsión y una alta velocidad permiten eliminar engranajes, los cuales son costosos. Además, los engranajes pueden originar vibraciones y ruidos, y requieren mantenimiento de lubricación. Sin embargo, también se pueden emplear, si se desea, máquinas con engranajes. In short, reducing the size of the machine (that is, the drive motor and the sheaves) has a number of advantages. First, a smaller machine uses less material, and will be less expensive to produce, compared to a larger machine. Secondly, the light weight of a small machine reduces the handling time of the machine and the need for equipment to lift the machine to take it to its position, so that its installation cost is significantly reduced. Third, a low torque and high speed allow gears to be eliminated, which are expensive. In addition, gears can cause vibration and noise, and require lubrication maintenance. However, machines with gears can also be used, if desired.
Las correas o cables planos distribuyen también las cargas de ascensor y contrapeso sobre una mayor área superficial en las roldanas, si se compara con la correspondiente con cables redondos, con lo que se reduce la presión específica sobre los cables, aumentándose así su vida de funcionamiento. Además, las correas o cables planos pueden hacerse de un material de alta resistencia a la tracción, tal como de una camisa de uretano o de caucho, con refuerzo de fibras o de acero. The flat belts or cables also distribute the elevator and counterweight loads over a larger surface area in the sheaves, when compared with the corresponding one with round cables, thereby reducing the specific pressure on the cables, thus increasing their operating life . In addition, flat belts or cables can be made of a high tensile strength material, such as a urethane or rubber jacket, with fiber or steel reinforcement.
Los sistemas de ascensor 10, 50 incluyen una caja del ascensor 12 definida por la estructura circundante 14 (véase la FIG. 1) de un edificio. La caja del ascensor 12 incluye aberturas correspondientes a puertas en cada nivel a lo largo de la caja del ascensor, para aceptar las puertas de la caja del ascensor. Como se ha ilustrado en las FIGS. 1 y 2, por ejemplo, se ha previsto una puerta 16 de la caja del ascensor en un rellano de la entreplanta del ascensor en el piso más alto al que hayan de prestar servicio los sistemas de ascensor 10, 50. En la caja del ascensor 12 se ha previsto un camarín 20 para movimiento hacia arriba y hacia abajo a lo largo de carriles de guía del ascensor 21, 22 (véase la FIG. 2) a lo largo de la caja del ascensor, e incluye una puerta 2 de ascensor acoplada a, y para movimiento a lo largo de, la caja del ascensor con el ascensor. Como se ha ilustrado en las FIGS. 1 y 2, la puerta 22 del ascensor está opuesta a, y alineada con, la puerta 16 de la caja del ascensor, para permitir el acceso de los pasajeros al camarín 20 del ascensor en el rellano 18 más superior. The elevator systems 10, 50 include an elevator box 12 defined by the surrounding structure 14 (see FIG. 1) of a building. The elevator box 12 includes openings corresponding to doors on each level along the elevator box, to accept the doors of the elevator box. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, a door 16 of the elevator box is provided on a landing on the mezzanine floor of the elevator on the highest floor to which the elevator systems 10, 50 are to serve. In the elevator box 12 a dressing room 20 is provided for upward and downward movement along elevator guide rails 21, 22 (see FIG. 2) along the elevator housing, and includes an attached elevator door 2 to, and for movement along, the elevator box with the elevator. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the elevator door 22 is opposite, and aligned with, the door 16 of the elevator housing, to allow passengers access to the elevator cabin 20 on the uppermost landing 18.
Los sistemas de ascensor 10, 50 incluyen un motor de accionamiento 24 acoplado a una pared lateral 25, ó bien a una cara inferior de un techo 27 (véase la FIG. 1) de la caja del ascensor 12, y situado adyacente a, y por encima de, la puerta 16 de la caja del ascensor, para mover el camarín 20 del ascensor hacia arriba y hacia abajo a lo largo de la caja del ascensor 12. El motor de accionamiento puede estar acoplado por engranaje, o sin engranaje, al sistema de tracción representado, o bien puede ser, alternativamente, un motor de tambor en una ejecución de accionamiento por tambor (no representada). En un lado de la caja del ascensor 12 no ocupado por el ascensor 20, se ha previsto un contrapeso 26 acoplado de modo movible a carriles de guía 27, 27 del contrapeso (véase la FIG. 2), para equilibrar el ascensor en su movimiento hacia arriba y hacia abajo. Al menos un conectador alargado, tal como un cable redondo 28 como el representado en la FIG. 1, o al menos una correa o cable plano 29, como el representado en la FIG. 2, se aplica para rotación a una roldana 30 de motor, del motor 34, para transmitir movimiento de rotación de la roldana 30 de motor al camarín 20 del ascensor y al contrapeso 22, con objeto de mover el camarín y el contrapeso hacia arriba y hacia abajo a lo largo de la caja del ascensor 12. Como se ha ilustrado en la FIG. 2, el conectador incluye tres cables planos 29. The elevator systems 10, 50 include a drive motor 24 coupled to a side wall 25, or to a bottom face of a roof 27 (see FIG. 1) of the elevator box 12, and located adjacent to, and above, the door 16 of the elevator housing, to move the elevator car 20 up and down along the elevator housing 12. The drive motor may be coupled by gear, or without gear, to the Traction system represented, or alternatively, may be a drum motor in a drum drive embodiment (not shown). On one side of the elevator box 12 not occupied by the elevator 20, a counterweight 26 is provided movably coupled to guide rails 27, 27 of the counterweight (see FIG. 2), to balance the elevator in its movement up and down. At least one elongated connector, such as a round cable 28 as shown in FIG. 1, or at least one flat belt or cable 29, as shown in FIG. 2, is applied for rotation to a motor sheave 30, of the motor 34, to transmit rotation movement of the motor sheave 30 to the elevator car 20 and to the counterweight 22, in order to move the car and counterweight up and down along the elevator box 12. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the connector includes three flat cables 29.
El conectador está acoplado por un primer extremo a un soporte 32 (véase la FIG. 1), el cual está anclado en una pared lateral superior, o en el techo, de la caja del ascensor 12. El conectador se extiende hacia abajo desde su primer extremo en el soporte 32, hace un bucle de 1800 alrededor de una roldana 34 del contrapeso, acoplada a una parte superior del contrapeso 26, se extiende hacia arriba y luego hace un bucle de 900 alrededor de un primer deflector o roldana de tracción 36, anclada a una pared lateral, al techo, a un carril de guía, o a una estructura de la caja del ascensor directamente encima del contrapeso, se extiende horizontalmente hasta el motor de accionamiento 24, hace un bucle de 1800 alrededor de la roldana 30 del motor, se extiende alrededor de un segundo deflector o roldana de tracción 38 anclada en una pared lateral o en el techo de la caja del ascensor, se extiende hacia abajo, hacia el camarín 20 del ascensor, forma una eslinga o un bucle por debajo del suelo del camarín 20 del ascensor, por medio de roldanas 40, 40 del ascensor (de las que solamente se ha representado una en las FIGS. 1 y 2) dispuestas por debajo y en los costados del ascensor, y se extiende hacia arriba y es anclado por un segundo extremo a una pared lateral o al techo de la caja del ascensor. The connector is coupled by a first end to a support 32 (see FIG. 1), which is anchored in an upper side wall, or in the ceiling, of the elevator housing 12. The connector extends downwards from its first end in the support 32, makes a loop of 1800 around a sheave 34 of the counterweight, coupled to an upper part of the counterweight 26, extends upward and then loops 900 around a first deflector or sheave 36 , anchored to a side wall, to the ceiling, to a guide rail, or to a structure of the elevator housing directly above the counterweight, extends horizontally to the drive motor 24, makes a 1800 loop around the sheave 30 of the engine, extends around a second deflector or traction sheave 38 anchored in a side wall or in the roof of the elevator housing, extends downwards, towards the elevator car 20, forms a sling or a loop below thefloor of the dressing room 20 of the elevator, by means of rollers 40, 40 of the elevator (of which only one is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) arranged below and on the sides of the elevator, and extends upwards and is anchored by a second end to a side wall or to the roof of the elevator box.
Puesto que el motor de accionamiento 24 está previsto por encima de la puerta 16 de la caja del ascensor, los sistemas de ascensor 10, 50 evitan el gasto y el espacio adicionales asociados con la construcción de un cuarto de máquinas usual para soportar y alojar el motor de accionamiento 24 y el equipo de control asociado, tal como un controlador y una unidad de accionamiento. Since the drive motor 24 is provided above the door 16 of the elevator housing, the elevator systems 10, 50 avoid the additional expense and space associated with the construction of a usual machine room to support and house the drive motor 24 and associated control equipment, such as a controller and a drive unit.
Como se ve mejor en la FIG. 1, el motor de accionamiento 24 está sustancialmente encerrado por un alojamiento 42, el cual incluye un panel frontal movible 44 en el frente de la caja del ascensor 12 y que sobresales exteriormente de ésta penetrando en una parte superior de una entreplanta 46 del ascensor adyacente para acceso fácil y seguro por parte del personal de mantenimiento en el rellano 18 más superior de la entreplanta 46. Por ejemplo, el panel frontal puede incluir una articulación 48 que permita al panel frontal 44 pivotar hacia abajo en la dirección representada por la flecha A, de modo que el personal de mantenimiento pueda tener acceso al motor de accionamiento 24 y a cualquier equipo asociado desde la entreplanta 46 sobre el rellano 18. As best seen in FIG. 1, the drive motor 24 is substantially enclosed by a housing 42, which includes a movable front panel 44 on the front of the elevator box 12 and protruding externally from the latter penetrating an upper part of a mezzanine 46 of the adjacent elevator for easy and safe access by maintenance personnel on the uppermost landing 18 of the mezzanine 46. For example, the front panel may include a joint 48 that allows the front panel 44 to pivot down in the direction represented by arrow A , so that maintenance personnel can access the drive motor 24 and any associated equipment from the mezzanine 46 on the landing 18.
Volviendo ahora a la FIG. 3, un sistema de ascensor está generalmente designado con el número 100. El sistema de ascensor es generalmente similar a los sistemas de ascensor 10, 50 de las FIGS. 1 y 2, excepto por la colocación o situación del motor de accionamiento 24 y de las roldanas deflectoras 36, 38 a lo largo de la caja del ascensor 12. Como se muestra en la FIG 3, el motor de accionamiento 24 puede estar provisto debajo de la puerta de la caja del ascensor en el nivel más bajo o en cualquier nivel a lo largo de la caja del ascensor, excepto en el nivel más superior. Las roldanas deflectoras 36, 38 pueden estar situadas dentro de la caja del ascensor 12 adyacente a y generalmente en el mismo nivel que el motor de accionamiento 24. El motor de accionamiento 24 está sustancialmente encerrado o contenido en un alojamiento 102 que incluye un panel frontal movible que forma parte de un rellano o suelo de entreplanta 106 para acceso fácil y seguro por parte del personal de mantenimiento. Por ejemplo el panel frontal 104 puede incluir una bisagra 108 que permita al panel frontal pivotar o girar hacia arriba en la dirección mostrada por la flecha B para permitir al personal de mantenimiento acceder al motor 24 y a cualquier equipamiento asociado desde el rellano de la entreplanta 106. Returning now to FIG. 3, an elevator system is generally designated with the number 100. The elevator system is generally similar to elevator systems 10, 50 of FIGS. 1 and 2, except for the placement or location of the drive motor 24 and the deflector sheaves 36, 38 along the elevator housing 12. As shown in FIG 3, the drive motor 24 may be provided below from the door of the elevator box at the lowest level or at any level along the elevator box, except at the highest level. The deflection sheaves 36, 38 may be located within the adjacent elevator housing 12 and generally at the same level as the drive motor 24. The drive motor 24 is substantially enclosed or contained in a housing 102 that includes a movable front panel which is part of a landing or mezzanine floor 106 for easy and safe access by maintenance personnel. For example, the front panel 104 may include a hinge 108 that allows the front panel to pivot or rotate upwards in the direction shown by arrow B to allow maintenance personnel to access the motor 24 and any associated equipment from the landing of the mezzanine 106 .
La FIG. 4 ilustra un sistema de ascensor 200 que muestra una realización del presente invento. El sistema de ascensor 200 es generalmente similar a los sistemas de ascensor 10, 50 de las FIGS. 1 y 2, excepto por la situación FIG. 4 illustrates an elevator system 200 showing an embodiment of the present invention. The elevator system 200 is generally similar to the elevator systems 10, 50 of FIGS. 1 and 2, except for the situation
o colocación del motor de accionamiento 24 a lo largo de la caja del ascensor 12. Como en las FIGS. 1 y 2 el motor de accionamiento 24 puede estar provisto por encima de la puerta 16 de la caja del ascensor. Sin embargo, como se muestra en la FIG. 4, el motor de accionamiento 24 está sustancialmente encerrado o contenido dentro de un alojamiento 202 facilitado en una posición remota en un lado opuesto de la entreplanta 204 en relación con la caja del ascensor 12 para el acceso fácil y seguro al motor de accionamiento 24 y a cualquier equipamiento asociado desde la entreplanta 204. or positioning of the drive motor 24 along the elevator housing 12. As in FIGS. 1 and 2 the drive motor 24 may be provided above the door 16 of the elevator housing. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the drive motor 24 is substantially enclosed or contained within a housing 202 provided in a remote position on an opposite side of the mezzanine 204 in relation to the elevator housing 12 for easy and safe access to the drive motor 24 and any associated equipment from the mezzanine 204.
Los alojamientos mostrados en las FIGS. 1 a 4 que encierran sustancialmente al motor de accionamiento 24 pueden incluir también equipo de control asociado para fácil acceso desde una entreplanta o un rellano del ascensor. Como se ha ilustrado en la FIG. 3, un alojamiento 300 incluye el motor de accionamiento 24, una unidad de accionamiento 302, para suministrar un alto voltaje, equipo de alta intensidad de corriente para el camarín 20 del ascensor, y un controlador 304 del motor de accionamiento para efectuar el control del funcionamiento y el control del movimiento. El control del funcionamiento incluye, por ejemplo, almacenar la localización de llamadas, restablecer llamadas no respondidas, iniciar el funcionamiento de la puerta, comunicar con un pasajero avisándole para ello de que se ha recibido una llamada, proporcionar información sobre la posición del camarín del ascensor, y proporcionar una indicación visual de una dirección del recorrido del camarín del ascensor cuando el camarín del ascensor llegue a un rellano. El control del movimiento incluye arrancar y parar el camarín de un ascensor, desarrollando para ello la señal de mando que regule la aceleración, la velocidad y la deceleración del camarín del ascensor, así como la determinación de si el funcionamiento del camarín del ascensor es seguro. The housings shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 substantially enclosing the drive motor 24 may also include associated control equipment for easy access from a mezzanine floor or an elevator landing. As illustrated in FIG. 3, a housing 300 includes the drive motor 24, a drive unit 302, for supplying a high voltage, high current equipment for the elevator car 20, and a driver 304 of the drive motor for controlling the operation and movement control. Operational control includes, for example, storing the call location, restoring unanswered calls, initiating the operation of the door, communicating with a passenger informing him that a call has been received, providing information on the position of the dressing room lift, and provide a visual indication of a direction of travel of the elevator car when the elevator car reaches a landing. Motion control includes starting and stopping an elevator car, developing the command signal that regulates the acceleration, speed and deceleration of the elevator car, as well as determining whether the operation of the elevator car is safe. .
La FIG. 6 muestra un sistema de ascensor 400 que tiene medios alternativos para acceder al equipo de control de acuerdo con el presente invento. El sistema de ascensor 400 es similar a los sistemas de ascensor 10, 50 de las FIGS. 1 y 2, excepto en que el sistema de ascensor 400 incluye un armario de control deslizable 402 situado en un lado superior de la caja del ascensor 12 adyacente a un lado de una puerta 404 en la parte más superior de la caja del ascensor. El armario de control 402 soporta a un controlador del motor de accionamiento 406, y es movible a deslizamiento desde una primera posición, dentro de la caja del ascensor, a una segunda posición en una entreplanta del ascensor adyacente, para un fácil y seguro acceso al controlador por el personal de mantenimiento en un rellano 408 de una entreplanta. FIG. 6 shows an elevator system 400 that has alternative means for accessing the control equipment according to the present invention. The elevator system 400 is similar to the elevator systems 10, 50 of FIGS. 1 and 2, except that the elevator system 400 includes a sliding control cabinet 402 located on an upper side of the elevator box 12 adjacent to one side of a door 404 in the upper part of the elevator box. The control cabinet 402 supports a driver of the drive motor 406, and is movable from sliding from a first position, inside the elevator housing, to a second position in an adjacent mezzanine of the elevator, for easy and safe access to the controller by maintenance personnel on a 408 landing on a mezzanine floor.
Con referencia a la FIG. 7, un sistema de ascensor 500 incluye un motor de accionamiento 502 y una roldana de motor 504 situados por encima de la puerta 506 más superior de una caja de ascensor. Una primera roldana deflectora 508 de gran diámetro está acoplada axialmente a una segunda roldana deflectora 512, y está situada por encima de la puerta 506 más superior de la caja del ascensor y en una caja del ascensor 507 por encima de un camarín 509 de ascensor. El diámetro de la primera roldana deflectora 508 es más grande que el diámetro de la roldana de accionamiento 504 y que el diámetro de la segunda roldana deflectora 512. Un bucle cerrado, primer conectador alargado 514 o “reductor de correa” está acoplado a la roldana de accionamiento 504 del motor de accionamiento 502 y a la primera roldana deflectora 508. With reference to FIG. 7, an elevator system 500 includes a drive motor 502 and a motor sheave 504 located above the uppermost door 506 of an elevator box. A first large diameter deflector sheave 508 is axially coupled to a second deflector sheave 512, and is located above the uppermost door 506 of the elevator car and in an elevator car 507 above an elevator car 509. The diameter of the first deflector sheave 508 is larger than the diameter of the drive sheave 504 and that the diameter of the second deflector sheave 512. A closed loop, first elongated connector 514 or "belt reducer" is coupled to the sheave. of drive 504 of drive motor 502 and the first deflector sheave 508.
Un segundo conectador alargado 516 está acoplado de manera fija a unos soportes 518 fijados o asegurados a una pared lateral o techo de la caja del ascensor 507, se extiende hacia abajo y forma una eslinga por debajo del camarín 509 del ascensor mediante roldanas de ascensor 520, 520 acopladas a un lado inferior del camarín, que se extiende hacia arriba envolviendo 180º alrededor de la segunda roldana deflectora de diámetro inferior 512, se extiende hacia abajo envolviendo 180º alrededor de una roldana de contrapeso 522 acoplada a una parte superior de un contrapeso 524 y se extiende hacia arriba y se acopla a una cara lateral o techo de la caja del ascensor mediante un soporte 526. A second elongated connector 516 is fixedly coupled to brackets 518 fixed or secured to a side wall or roof of the elevator box 507, extends downward and forms a sling below the elevator cabin 509 by elevator rollers 520 520 coupled to a lower side of the dressing room, which extends upwardly by wrapping 180 ° around the second deflector sheave of lower diameter 512, extends downwardly by wrapping 180 ° around a counterweight sheave 522 coupled to an upper part of a counterweight 524 and extends upwards and is coupled to a side face or roof of the elevator housing by means of a support 526.
En funcionamiento, el motor de accionamiento 502 gira la roldana de accionamiento 504, que al rodar, gira la primera roldana deflectora 508 mediante el primer conectador alargado o reductor de correa 514 acoplada de manera accionada al mismo. Como la primera roldana deflectora 508 es más grande que el diámetro de la roldana de accionamiento 504, la primera roldana deflectora gira a unas revoluciones por minuto (rpm) que son menos que las de la roldana de accionamiento. La segunda roldana deflectora 512 que es alrededor del mismo diámetro que el de la roldana de accionamiento 504, gira a unas rpm (revoluciones por minuto) más bajas en relación con las de la roldana de accionamiento. El sistema de ascensor 500 que emplea el reductor de correa actúa, debido a esto, como un tipo de efecto de engranaje. In operation, the drive motor 502 rotates the drive sheave 504, which when rolling, rotates the first deflector sheave 508 by means of the first elongated connector or belt reducer 514 coupled in an actuated manner thereto. Since the first deflector sheave 508 is larger than the diameter of the drive sheave 504, the first deflector sheave rotates at revolutions per minute (rpm) that are less than those of the drive sheave. The second deflector sheave 512, which is about the same diameter as that of the drive sheave 504, rotates at lower rpm (revolutions per minute) in relation to those of the drive sheave. The elevator system 500 using the belt reducer acts, because of this, as a type of gear effect.
Una ventaja del sistema de ascensor 500 es que el cuarto de máquinas es eliminado. Una segunda ventaja es que el motor de accionamiento 502 está situado por encima de la puerta 506 de la caja del ascensor para un fácil y seguro acceso para el personal de mantenimiento. Una tercera ventaja es que un pequeño y relativamente económico motor de accionamiento sin engranajes puede reemplazar o sustituir a un motor con engranajes más complejo. Una cuarta ventaja es que la situación o colocación de la roldana deflectora 508 en la caja del ascensor 507 sobre el camarín 509 del ascensor permite que el cableado del camarín del ascensor sea relativamente simple. Una quinta ventaja es que las roldana del ascensor 520, 520 están colocadas por debajo del camarín 509 del ascensor para reducir al mínimo el espacio requerido entre la cabina y el techo de la caja del ascensor. An advantage of the elevator system 500 is that the machine room is eliminated. A second advantage is that the drive motor 502 is located above the door 506 of the elevator housing for easy and safe access for maintenance personnel. A third advantage is that a small and relatively inexpensive gearless drive motor can replace or replace a more complex gear motor. A fourth advantage is that the situation or placement of the deflection sheave 508 in the elevator box 507 on the elevator car 509 allows the cabins of the elevator car to be relatively simple. A fifth advantage is that the elevator roller 520, 520 is positioned below the elevator car 509 to minimize the space required between the car and the roof of the elevator car.
En adición a las ventajas anteriormente mencionadas, el tamaño del motor de accionamiento y las roldanas puede ser reducido si los conectadores alargados son cables o correas planas. Los cables planos distribuyen la carga del ascensor sobre una zona o área de mayor superficie en las roldanas en comparación con los cables redondos. Las correas pueden estar hechas de un material de alta tracción tal como uretano o caucho. La mejor distribución de la carga y los resultados de tracción más altos originan que se necesiten unas roldanas y un motor de accionamiento más pequeños para soportar y mover la carga de un ascensor en comparación con los sistemas de ascensor que emplean cables redondos. In addition to the above-mentioned advantages, the size of the drive motor and the sheaves can be reduced if the elongated connectors are flat cables or straps. Flat cables distribute the load of the elevator over an area or area of greater surface area in the sheaves compared to round cables. The belts can be made of a high tensile material such as urethane or rubber. The better load distribution and the higher traction results mean that smaller sheaves and a drive motor are needed to support and move the load of an elevator compared to elevator systems that use round cables.
Las FIGS. 8 y 9 ilustran un sistema de ascensor 600 que no es según otra realización adicional del presente invento. El sistema de ascensor 600 incluye una caja del ascensor 12 definida por la estructura 14 circundante de un edificio. Un camarín 20 de un ascensor está dispuesto en la caja del ascensor 12 para movimiento hacia arriba y hacia abajo a lo largo de ella. Columnas de soporte primera y segunda 602, 604 se extienden a lo largo de una extensión en vertical de la caja del ascensor 12 asociada con el recorrido del camarín del ascensor, y están dispuestas, respectivamente, adyacentes a las paredes laterales opuestas 606, 608 del camarín 20 del ascensor, para soportar y guiar al camarín 20 del ascensor para movimiento vertical a lo largo de ellas. Cada una de las columnas de soporte primera y segunda 602, 604 define un rebajo o interior hueco para acomodar un contrapeso 610 asociado (de los que solamente se ha representado uno) para movimiento vertical a lo largo de la columna de soporte asociada. FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate an elevator system 600 that is not according to another additional embodiment of the present invention. The elevator system 600 includes an elevator box 12 defined by the surrounding structure 14 of a building. A dressing room 20 of an elevator is arranged in the elevator box 12 for movement up and down along it. First and second support columns 602, 604 extend along a vertical extension of the elevator box 12 associated with the path of the elevator car, and are arranged, respectively, adjacent to the opposite side walls 606, 608 of the elevator car 20, to support and guide the elevator car 20 for vertical movement along them. Each of the first and second support columns 602, 604 defines a hollow recess or interior to accommodate an associated counterweight 610 (of which only one is shown) for vertical movement along the associated support column.
Un motor de accionamiento 612 y las roldanas de accionamiento asociadas 6144, 614, están dispuestos adyacentes a, y por encima de, una puerta 16 de una caja del ascensor más superior, para mover el camarín 20 del ascensor verticalmente a lo largo de la caja del ascensor 12. A cada lado del camarín 20 del ascensor y en una parte superior dentro de la caja del ascensor 12 hay dispuestas primeras roldanas deflectoras 616, 616, y segundas roldanas deflectoras 618, 618, para guiar las correas o cables planos 620, 620 entre el motor de accionamiento 612 y el camarín 20 del ascensor y los contrapesos 610, 610. A drive motor 612 and associated drive sheaves 6144, 614, are arranged adjacent to, and above, a door 16 of a more upper elevator box, to move the elevator car 20 vertically along the box of the elevator 12. On each side of the elevator car 20 and in an upper part inside the elevator box 12 there are first deflector sheaves 616, 616, and second deflector sheaves 618, 618, to guide the straps or flat cables 620, 620 between drive motor 612 and elevator car 20 and counterweights 610, 610.
Una característica principal de las realizaciones preferidas del presente invento es la de que sean planos los cables usados en el sistema de ascensor antes descrito. El aumento de la relación de alargamiento da por resultado un cable que tiene una superficie de aplicación, definida por la dimensión “w” de la anchura, que se optimiza para distribuir la presión en el cable. Por lo tanto, se reduce al mínimo la presión máxima del cable dentro del cable. Además, al aumentar la relación de alargamiento con respecto a la del cable redondo, el cual tiene una relación de alargamiento igual a uno, se puede reducir el grosor “t1” del cable plano (véase la FIG. 11), al tiempo que se mantiene un área de la sección transversal constante de las partes del cable que soportan la carga de tracción en el cable. A main feature of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is that the cables used in the elevator system described above are flat. The increase in the elongation ratio results in a cable having an application surface, defined by the dimension "w" of the width, which is optimized to distribute the pressure in the cable. Therefore, the maximum cable pressure inside the cable is minimized. Furthermore, by increasing the elongation ratio with respect to that of the round cable, which has an elongation ratio equal to one, the thickness "t1" of the flat cable can be reduced (see FIG. 11), while maintains a constant cross-sectional area of the cable parts that support the tensile load on the cable.
Como se ha ilustrado en las FIGS. 10 y 11, los cables planos 722 incluyen una pluralidad de cordones 726 que soportan carga, individuales, encajados dentro de una capa común de recubrimiento 728. La capa de recubrimiento 728 separa los cordones individuales 726 y define una superficie 730 de aplicación para aplicarse a la roldana de tracción 724. Los cordones 726 que soportan carga pueden estar formados de un material de alta resistencia, ligero, no metálico, tal como de fibra de aramida, o bien pueden estar formados de un material metálico, tal como de fibras delgadas de acero de alto contenido de carbono. Es deseable mantener el grosor “d” de los cordones 726 tan pequeño como sea posible, con objeto de hacer máxima la flexibilidad y hacer mínima la tensión en los cordones As illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, flat cables 722 include a plurality of individual load-bearing cords 726, embedded within a common coating layer 728. The coating layer 728 separates the individual cords 726 and defines an application surface 730 to be applied to the traction sheave 724. The load bearing strands 726 may be formed of a high strength, lightweight, non-metallic material, such as aramid fiber, or they may be formed of a metallic material, such as thin fibers of high carbon steel. It is desirable to keep the thickness "d" of the cords 726 as small as possible, in order to maximize flexibility and minimize the tension in the cords
726. Además, para cordones formados de fibra de acero, los diámetros de las fibras deberán ser de menos de 0,25 mm de diámetro, y preferiblemente estar comprendidos en el margen desde aproximadamente 0,10 mm a 0,20 mm de diámetro. Las fibras de acero que tengan tal diámetro mejoran la flexibilidad de los cordones y del cable. Incorporando cordones que tengan el peso, la resistencia, la durabilidad y, en particular, las características de flexibilidad de tales materiales, en los cables planos, se puede reducir el diámetro “D” de la roldana de tracción, al tiempo que se mantiene la presión máxima del cable dentro de límites aceptables. 726. In addition, for strands formed of steel fiber, the diameters of the fibers should be less than 0.25 mm in diameter, and preferably be in the range from about 0.10 mm to 0.20 mm in diameter. Steel fibers that have such diameter improve the flexibility of the cords and cable. By incorporating cords that have the weight, strength, durability and, in particular, the flexibility characteristics of such materials, in flat cables, the diameter "D" of the traction sheave can be reduced, while maintaining the maximum cable pressure within acceptable limits.
La superficie de aplicación 730 está en contacto con una superficie correspondiente 750 de la roldana de tracción The application surface 730 is in contact with a corresponding surface 750 of the traction sheave
724. La capa de recubrimiento 728 está formada de un material de poliuretano, preferiblemente de un uretano termoplástico, que es extruido sobre y a través de la pluralidad de cordones 726, de tal manera que cada uno de los cordones individuales 726 queda frenado contra movimiento longitudinal con relación a los demás cordones 726. Se pueden usar también otros materiales para la capa de recubrimiento, si los mismos se bastan para satisfacer las funciones requeridas de la capa de recubrimiento, de tracción, de desgaste, de transmisión de las cargas de tracción a los cordones, y de resistencia a los factores ambientales. Debe quedar entendido que aunque se pueden usar otros materiales para la capa de recubrimiento, si éstos no satisfacen o superan las propiedades mecánicas de un uretano termoplástico, pueden entonces disminuir los beneficios resultantes del uso de cables planos. Con las propiedades mecánicas del uretano termoplástico se puede reducir el diámetro de la roldana de tracción 724 a 100 mm o menos. 724. The coating layer 728 is formed of a polyurethane material, preferably of a thermoplastic urethane, which is extruded on and through the plurality of cords 726, such that each of the individual cords 726 is braked against longitudinal movement. in relation to the other cords 726. Other materials may also be used for the coating layer, if they are sufficient to satisfy the required functions of the coating layer, tensile, wear, transmission of tensile loads to the cords, and resistance to environmental factors. It should be understood that although other materials can be used for the coating layer, if these do not satisfy or exceed the mechanical properties of a thermoplastic urethane, then the benefits resulting from the use of flat cables can be diminished. With the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic urethane, the diameter of the traction sheave 724 can be reduced to 100 mm or less.
Como resultado de la configuración del cable plano 722, se puede distribuir la presión en el cable más uniformemente por todo el cable 722. Debido a la incorporación de una pluralidad de pequeños cordones 726 dentro de la capa 728 de recubrimiento de elastómero del cable plano, se disminuye significativamente la presión en cada cordón 726 con respecto a la correspondiente en los cables de la técnica anterior. La presión en un cordón se disminuye al menos en la proporción de n-1/2, siendo n el número de cordones paralelos del cable plano, para una carga y una sección transversal del alambre dadas. Por lo tanto, la presión máxima del cable en el cable plano se reduce significativamente si se compara con la correspondiente en un ascensor cableado del modo usual que tenga una capacidad de soporte de carga similar. Además, el diámetro efectivo ‘d’ del cable (medido en la dirección de la flexión) se reduce para una capacidad de soporte de carga equivalente, y se pueden conseguir valores más pequeños para el diámetro ‘D’ de la roldana, sin que se disminuya la relación de D/d. Además, haciendo máximo el diámetro ‘D’ de la roldana, se permite el uso de motores de alta velocidad, más compacto, menos costosos, como máquinas de accionamiento. As a result of the configuration of the flat cable 722, the pressure in the cable can be distributed more evenly throughout the cable 722. Due to the incorporation of a plurality of small cords 726 into the elastomeric coating layer 728 of the flat cable, the pressure in each cord 726 is significantly decreased with respect to that corresponding in the prior art cables. The pressure in a cord is decreased at least in the proportion of n-1/2, where n is the number of parallel strands of the flat cable, for a given load and cross-section of the wire. Therefore, the maximum cable pressure in the flat cable is significantly reduced compared to that in a wired elevator in the usual way that has a similar load bearing capacity. In addition, the effective diameter 'd' of the cable (measured in the direction of bending) is reduced for an equivalent load bearing capacity, and smaller values can be achieved for the diameter 'D' of the sheave, without it being decrease the D / d ratio. In addition, maximizing the diameter ‘D’ of the sheave, the use of high-speed, more compact, less expensive motors such as drive machines is allowed.
En la FIG. 10 se ha representado también una roldana de tracción 724 que tiene una superficie de tracción 750 configurada para recibir el cable plano 722. La superficie de aplicación 750 está configurada de modo complementario, para proporcionar tracción y para guiar la aplicación entre los cables planos 722 y la roldana 724. La roldana de tracción 724 incluye un par de rebordes 744 dispuestos en los lados opuestos de la roldana 724, y uno In FIG. 10 a tension sheave 724 is also shown which has a tensile surface 750 configured to receive the flat cable 722. The application surface 750 is configured in a complementary manner, to provide traction and to guide the application between the flat cables 722 and the sheave 724. The traction sheave 724 includes a pair of flanges 744 arranged on opposite sides of the sheave 724, and one
o más divisores 745 dispuestos entre los cables planos adyacentes. La roldana de tracción 724 incluye también forros 742 recibidos dentro de los espacios entre los rebordes 744 y los divisores 745. Los forros 742 definen la superficie de aplicación 750, de tal modo que queden espacios de separación laterales 754 entre los lados de los cables planos 722 y los forros 742. El par de rebordes 744 y los divisores, conjuntamente con los forros, desempeñan la función de guiar a los cables planos 722 para evitar problemas de mala alineación en caso de condiciones de cable flojo, etc. Aunque se ha representado como incluyendo forros, es de hacer notar que se puede usar una roldana de tracción sin forros. or more dividers 745 arranged between adjacent flat cables. The traction sheave 724 also includes linings 742 received within the spaces between the flanges 744 and the dividers 745. The liners 742 define the application surface 750, such that there are lateral clearance spaces 754 between the sides of the flat cables 722 and the sheaths 742. The pair of flanges 744 and the dividers, together with the shells, perform the function of guiding the flat cables 722 to avoid problems of poor alignment in case of loose cable conditions, etc. Although it has been represented as including linings, it should be noted that a traction sheave can be used without liners.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US31108 | 1998-02-26 | ||
| US09/031,108 US6401871B2 (en) | 1998-02-26 | 1998-02-26 | Tension member for an elevator |
| US163207 | 1998-09-29 | ||
| US218990 | 1998-12-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2366787T3 true ES2366787T3 (en) | 2011-10-25 |
Family
ID=21857692
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES05017479T Expired - Lifetime ES2366787T3 (en) | 1998-02-26 | 1999-02-19 | ELEVATOR SYSTEM THAT HAS THE DRIVE MOTOR LOCATED ADJACENT TO THE DOOR OF THE ELEVATOR BOX. |
| ES05014449T Expired - Lifetime ES2363977T3 (en) | 1998-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | ELEVATOR TRACTION SYSTEM THAT HAS MULTIPLE MACHINES. |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES05014449T Expired - Lifetime ES2363977T3 (en) | 1998-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | ELEVATOR TRACTION SYSTEM THAT HAS MULTIPLE MACHINES. |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (7) | US6401871B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1640307A3 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP4763127B2 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR20010041286A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100564222C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69943323D1 (en) |
| ES (2) | ES2366787T3 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1037847E (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2211888C2 (en) |
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1999
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- 1999-02-19 KR KR1020007009386A patent/KR20010041286A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-02-19 CN CNB2006100818947A patent/CN100564222C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 KR KR1020007009504A patent/KR100607631B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-19 EP EP05026170A patent/EP1640307A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-02-19 JP JP2000533617A patent/JP4763127B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 RU RU2000124665/02A patent/RU2211888C2/en active
- 1999-02-26 DE DE69943323T patent/DE69943323D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-26 ES ES05014449T patent/ES2363977T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-26 PT PT99909642T patent/PT1037847E/en unknown
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2000
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- 2000-05-24 US US09/577,558 patent/US6386324B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-24 US US09/577,302 patent/US6390242B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2007
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2011
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2017
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020000347A1 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
| CN1895984A (en) | 2007-01-17 |
| JP2002505240A (en) | 2002-02-19 |
| US6390242B1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
| US6386324B1 (en) | 2002-05-14 |
| EP1640307A2 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
| CN100564222C (en) | 2009-12-02 |
| US6739433B1 (en) | 2004-05-25 |
| JP5624921B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 |
| DE69943323D1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
| PT1037847E (en) | 2007-07-30 |
| KR100607631B1 (en) | 2006-08-02 |
| KR20010041286A (en) | 2001-05-15 |
| US20090107776A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
| US20170362059A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
| RU2211888C2 (en) | 2003-09-10 |
| ES2363977T3 (en) | 2011-08-22 |
| KR20010041379A (en) | 2001-05-15 |
| US6364061B2 (en) | 2002-04-02 |
| JP2011116567A (en) | 2011-06-16 |
| US20020000346A1 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
| US6401871B2 (en) | 2002-06-11 |
| EP1640307A3 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| JP4763127B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
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