ES2351292A1 - Device and procedure for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Device and procedure for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds. The device comprises a reactor (1) with two pairs of electrodes (2,3; 5,6), a spiral-shaped conductor (11) for generating magnetic fields, a blower pump (9) and a photon emitter (10). ) of photonized air injection, an electric and magnetic field generator and an adjustable frequency generator, and an agitator (8). The process comprises introducing into the reactor (1) a solution with insoluble chemical compounds, injecting air with ozone and free radicals, and simultaneously: applying a frequency of the radio spectrum to the solution and a pulsating direct current to the solution, applying magnetic fields specific, add a first contribution of ions that are not present in the liquid and necessary to complete the insoluble complexes, and a second contribution of ions to form new complexes with the salts of the liquid. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Device and procedure for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds.

Field of application of the invention

The field of the invention is recovery of soluble salts transforming them into insoluble by processes Electrical and magnetic chemicals.

Description of the prior art

Numerous appear in the state of the art processes in which chemical reactions occur that result in insoluble products, other reactions, however, form salts soluble, so they cannot be separated from the liquid.

The present invention manages to solve this technical problem taking all the soluble salts of a liquid and forcing them to form insoluble compounds.

Examples of processes that form insoluble salts We find the state of the art as follows:

In Japanese publication JP2004255627 it describes a process of insolubilization of salts as pre treatment to prevent osmosis membrane fouling reverse. This process does not use magnetic field or frequency and does not It is capable of insolubilizing chlorides or sulfates.

Publication US 5858249 describes a insolubilization process of ionic species in a facility type electrolytic cell, which works as an electro coagulation to form insoluble with the own salts of the liquid and the contribution of ions of the sacrificial electrode. This process is not capable of precipitate chlorides or sulfates.

CN publication 1131127 describes a insolubilization process of salts contained in a liquid by chemical reagent aggregate medium, such as phosphate salts and barium salts The precipitates are filtered off resulting in the liquid, in this case water, with a salt content reduced. This process does not apply electric, magnetic or frequency and is not able to form complexes.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention consists of a procedure for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds in liquid medium by physical stimuli. The formed compounds can be inorganic or organic, simple or complex. The problem Technician who solves this invention is to transform salts of high solubility in insoluble compounds, so that they can separate from the liquid to get a benefit from both the salts separated as from the purified residual liquid.

In a single stage or reactor mechanisms occur of reaction and physical changes, such as initial precipitation of complexes, which serve as nuclei for later mechanisms of nucleation and adsorption of other species formed. The formation of these first precipitates are due to the action of a field electric and magnetic applied by means of an electric current ultra filtered transmitted through electrodes, in addition to the contribution ionic of one of the electrodes that acts as a sacrifice.

Then a second ion contribution is added, usually aluminum, calcium, iron, lead or tin to form new complexes with the salts that the liquid contains. With this, initially formed nuclei are enlarged by these new complexes and at this stage, in addition, a phenomenon of adsorption of other non-complex salts formed.

The different complexes are formed by selectivity of the processes that are achieved by the application of frequency of electromagnetic waves in the wave spectrum of radio in frequencies from 1 KHz to 2 MHz, with a generator set of Electromagnetic waves of different geometry and frequency.

The possible fields of application of this Technique are, among others:

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Misalignment of seawater, precipitation of chlorides and sulfates.

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Acid water salt removal of miners.

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Precipitation of salts from Mining PLS solutions.

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Drinking water treatment, precipitation of chlorides and sulfates.

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Boiler water treatment and cooling, sulfate and chloride removal.

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Irrigation water treatment, precipitation of chlorides and sulfates.

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Irrigation water treatment, precipitation of phosphates and nitrates.

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Wastewater treatment, precipitation of chlorides, sulfates and phosphates.

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Wastewater treatment, precipitation of nitrates and nitrites.

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Insolubilization of salts in production processes of drugs and chemical reagents in general.

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Precipitation of salts as pre treatment for ultra filtration and osmosis processes inverse

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While these application examples could be the best known, many other processes can take advantage of advantages of being able to insolubilize normally soluble salts and thus optimize the performance and / or purity of the products obtained. So, if any process uses part or all of the technology of the This invention would be within the scope of the present invention.

This technology uses the voltage application of ultrafiltered direct current, with a variable geometry of sine waves, dampened sawtooth pulse, pulse square wave and an electromagnetic wave signal of the spectrum of radius, which are applied through a pair of electrodes. All this as a whole is able to enhance the reactions of precipitation.

Together, it is necessary that there is a range of preferential pH for said precipitation, which should be between pH 4 and pH 12, however, if the process in any range of the pH scale will get good results. Subsequently, there is a coagulation stage isokinetic of precipitated particles, where this coagulation It is electrically assisted. The applied voltage, corresponding to electric and magnetic fields, also found within a range, which should be between one and one hundred volts, while the Current intensity used must be between 10 mA and 3 A. As mentioned earlier, the voltage and signal electromagnetic are applied through electrodes that They are submerged in the solution to be treated. The material of construction of said electrodes is variable, depending on the quality of the Water. These can be of: lead, platinum, aluminum, copper, coal, Gold, tin, zinc, iron, titanium, boron, nickel or diamond.

The whole procedure for the formation of Insoluble is produced in a single device, which consists of different elements, such as:

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Reactor containing 1 pair of electrodes of different configuration and different construction material, inserted on one side of the reactor, facing each other, connected to a source of power and magnetic induction, which is outside Of the device.

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A second pair of electrodes of different configuration and different construction material, inserted into the reactor, one facing to another and next to the first pair of electrodes, connected to a frequency generator that is outside the reactor.

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Spiral shaped conductor element, which is located outside the reactor and connected to a power source and magnetic induction, where through this element circulates current that generate specific magnetic fields.

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Injection of photonized air produced at through blower pump and photon emitter entering the reactor through a capillary located next to the electrode connected to the pole negative of the power source, so that the capillary is the most close possible to the bottom of the reactor.

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Electric and magnetic field generator in addition to an adjustable frequency generator, which are out of the reactor.

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Means, medium stirring by adjustable speed blade reactor center

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In addition, the realization of all processes it can be carried out in other facilities with more than one device.

The precipitate formation procedure includes a certain value of pressure and temperature, which are they are in a range of 1 to 10 bar and 0 to 90 ° C, respectively. This is because the precipitation process is a function of the concentration, which means a shift in the constant of balance, which allows supersaturation. The effect of the temperature affects the kinetics of the reaction, increasing the process of precipitation, because molecular shocks accelerate and, with This increases the kinetic constant. Pressure application external causes the same result. A clear example of this is the precipitation of, jarosite, whose formation is not possible in normal conditions, so it is necessary to apply these variables

Brief description of the figures

Figure 1 shows the components of the invention and its connections with each other.

Detailed description of the invention

The process is carried out in a single stage, in a device formed by a reactor (1) containing a pair of electrodes (2 and 3) connected to a source of power and induction magnetic (4), and a second pair of electrodes (5 and 6) connected to a frequency generator (7). A reactor also enters the reactor. stream of photonized air containing ozone and free radicals oxidizers, coming from an air pump (9) that circulates air through a photon generator (10). In addition, an item spiral-shaped conductor (11) surrounds the reactor outside, by which circulates a current that generates magnetic fields specific. Said element is connected to a source of power and magnetic induction (4) that generates the current. Everything is kept under stirring with a mechanical or magnetic stirrer (8), and it add a chemical reagent that provides the ions that are not present in the liquid and are necessary to complete the desired insoluble complexes. In most cases they are deficit calcium and hydroxyl ions, so it is used preferably lime as a single reagent.

Example 1

If we take as an example the application case of the seawater desalination process, the mechanism used is as follows:

First of all a mixture of air is applied that passes through photons and it is applied directly to seawater. The reactions that are formed are:

one

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The above reaction is applied until the pH > 9.8 units. The electric field is applied through aluminum electrodes causing a second electrolytic reaction What is it:

2

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Aluminum reacts with OH ions and forms the first nucleation based on the following reaction:

3

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Once formed the hydroxide cores of aluminum, calcium hydroxide is dosed and a radio is applied frequency, whose wavelength of 1.8 MHz, and then the following precipitation reaction of sulfate, chlorides and phosphates:

4

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Alternatively, copper can be formed ionic when applied in parallel to the formation of aluminum ionic in a pair of copper electrodes to first form the reaction:

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5

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Nitrate is collected from the medium based on reactions that are:

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6

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With this and in the previous radio medium frequency and field reaction is formed:

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7

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Chlorides, sulfates, phosphates and nitrates have been precipitated. Anion removal involves the removal of aluminum, copper and calcium. Each precipitate formed has a high metal adsorption capacity
heavy

These insoluble formed are generally micro precipitates that require growth. To favor the growth causes flocculation by adding polymer and then It is separated by decantation and subsequently by filtration.

The following table shows the conditions of operation and dosage in which the experience was developed with sea water from San Antonio, V Region.

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8

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The following table shows the efficiencies achieved by removing salts from seawater. The table shows It presents the raw column, which indicates the quality of seawater. The treated column indicates the value reached after flocculating and filter in sand and coal. The% removal column shows us the validity obtained.

9

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Example 2

Another example of precipitation application of salts, is the insolubilization of sulfates from mining waters.

For this a sample of mine water was occupied of Collahuasi with an initial content of 5,200 mg / L of sulfates

The complex used was precipitation as Sodium Jarosite

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Element M may be sodium or potassium. For This used the following mechanism.

First of all a mixture of air is applied that passes through photons and it is applied directly to seawater. The reactions that are formed are:

eleven

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The above reaction is applied until the pH > 9.8 units. The electric field is applied through aluminum electrodes causing a second electrolytic reaction What is it:

12

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Aluminum reacts with OH ions and forms the first nucleation based on the following reaction:

13

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In the balance some nuclei of aluminum hydroxide and then in the middle with radio frequency and electric field precipitates like jarosite.

14

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The operating conditions are:

fifteen

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The results obtained are:

16

This way you can configure different insoluble elements with which salts can be reduced.

Claims (7)

1. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds, from the salts contained in the liquid to be treated, characterized in that it comprises a reactor (1) containing:

to)

a pair of electrodes (2,3) of different configuration and different construction material, inserted by a reactor side (1), facing each other, connected to a source of power and induction magnetic (4), which is located outside the device,

b)

a second pair of electrodes (5.6) of different configuration and of different construction material, inserted inside the reactor (1), facing each other and next to the first pair of electrodes (2,3), connected to a frequency generator (7) that is outside of the reactor,

C)

a spiral-shaped conductor element (11), which is located outside of the reactor (1) and connected to a source of power and induction magnetic (4), where current flows through this element generate specific magnetic fields,

d)

photonized air injection produced through blower pump (9) and photon emitter (10) that enters to the reactor (1) through a capillary located next to the electrode connected to the negative pole of the power source (4), so that the capillary is as close as possible to the bottom of the reactor (one),

and)

a electric and magnetic field generator plus a generator adjustable frequency, found outside the reactor (1) Y

F)

a stirring medium (8) by adjustable speed blade It is located at the center of the reactor (1).

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2. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds, characterized in that the source of power and magnetic induction (4) generates the application of an ultra-filtered direct current voltage, with a variable geometry of sinusoidal waves, dampened sawtooth pulse, square wave pulse and of an application of electromagnetic wave signal of the radio spectrum, applied through pairs of electrodes, which, as a whole or individually, manage to enhance precipitation reactions, where these electrodes are contained in a device that it connects them to electric and magnetic field generators and frequency generators. 3. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds, according to claim 1 characterized in that the reactions that occur within the reactor (1) occur within a full range of the pH scale, preferably between pH 4 and pH 12, dependent of the equilibrium constant, followed by an electrically assisted isokinetic coagulation stage of the precipitated particles. 4. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds, according to claim 1, characterized in that the applied voltages correspond to electric and magnetic fields with voltage between 1 and 100 Volts and current intensity between 10 mA and 3 A. 5. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds, according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric and magnetic fields and / or frequencies are transmitted through different types of electrode pairs, which are constructed of one of the following elements: lead , platinum, aluminum, copper, coal, gold, tin, zinc, iron, titanium, boron, nickel, diamond; this first electrode running in pair with another electrode of the same element, with other electrodes noted above or alloys between any of them. 6. Device for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds, according to claim 1 characterized by the performance of all processes inside the reactor (1) are in a temperature range between 0 and 90 ° C and in a pressure range between 1 to 10 bar 7. Procedure for the formation of insoluble chemical compounds, characterized in that it comprises:

to)

provide a leaching reactor (1) with a pair of electrodes (2, 3) of different configuration and of different construction material, inserted on one side of the reactor (1), facing each other,

b)

provide a second pair of electrodes (5, 6) of different configuration and different material of construction, inserted into the reactor (1), facing each other and next to the first pair of electrodes (2, 3),

C)

provide a source of power (4), which find out of the reactor (1),

d)

provide a frequency generator (7) which is outside the reactor (1),

and)

Provide an air injection system photonized,

F)

Provide an air pump (9) and a capillary located next to the electrode connected to the negative pole of the power source (4),

g)

Provide an electric field generator and magnetic and an adjustable frequency generator, which found outside the reactor (1),

h)

Provide a means of agitation (8) by adjustable speed vane located at the center of the reactor (one),

i)

Provide a conductive element in shape spiral (11) surrounding the reactor (1) on the outside,

j)

Insert into the reactor (1) a solution containing insoluble chemical compounds,

k)

Inject through the air pump (9), the photonized air injector and the capillary, air containing ozone and free radicals inside the reactor (1),

l)

Simultaneously apply using the frequency generator (7) and a pair of electrodes a frequency or electromagnetic signal from the radio spectrum to solution it contains insoluble chemical compounds inside the reactor (one),

m)

Simultaneously apply using the power source (4) and another pair of electrodes an electrical voltage consisting of a pulsating direct current to the solution that Contains insoluble chemical compounds inside the reactor (one),

n)

Simultaneously apply by conductor element spiral-shaped magnetic fields specific,

or)

Simultaneously stir by paddle stirring medium (8) the solution containing insoluble chemical compounds inside the reactor (one)

p)

Simultaneously add a reagent chemical that provides ions that are not present in the liquid and that are necessary to complete the desired insoluble complexes, preferably lime,

q)

Add a second ion contribution as be aluminum, calcium, iron, lead or tin to form new complexes with the salts that the liquid contains.