ES2326635T3 - SEPARATION BY CENTRIFUGATION OF MIXED COMPONENTS IN A FLUID CURRENT. - Google Patents

Abstract

A multiple-component fluid mixture is separated in a separator (10) by feeding the fluid mixture into a chamber (95) of a vessel (60) through an inlet (114), the chamber (95) being at least partially bounded by a peripheral wall (92) and communicating with an outlet (134). The fluid mixture includes a heavy component and a light component. The vessel (60) is rotated about a rotational axis (90) extending through the vessel (60) such that the heavy component collects toward at least a portion of the peripheral wall (92) of the vessel (60) and the light component collects toward the rotational axis (90). The light component is to removed through the outlet (134). The heavy component is removed through a conduit (160, 128) disposed within the chamber (95)., The conduit (160, 128) extending from proximal the peripheral wall (929 toward the rotational axis (90) and out of the vessel (60).

Description

Component centrifugation separation mixed in a fluid stream.

Background of the invention 1. Field of the invention

The present invention relates to procedures for separating fluid components of different densities centrifugally.

Relevant technology

U.S. Patent UU. No. 2,557,629 reveals a centrifugal separator that has a first tube that carries a liquid to separate to a rotary body. Particulate matter heavy liquid sits on the outer perimeter of the body Rotary A second spaced tube of the first tube carries a discharge fluid to the rotary body. Drive fluid It is used to aid in the removal of particulate matter weighing the rotary body so that the procedure of separation can continue.

U.S. Patent UU. No. 4,846,780 reveals a centrifugal separator that has a rotor that rotates within a accommodation. A fluid stream received inside the rotor is accelerates in the rotor wall. Initially, the separator removes any gas from the luido stream. The rest of the stream of fluid then separates into its components individual along the length of the wall based on the specific weight of the different components.

PCT International Application No. WO 01/10562 A reveals a pressurized centrifugal separator that has a glass Rotary with a plurality of fins arranged inside. He glass has an entrance, an exit of light components and a heavy component output. The output of heavy components and the Light component output are separated from the axis of rotation of the vessel so that a separation line can be formed between both.

Water purification is an ancient activity dedicated to achieve both drinking water and water for industrial use. With the growth of industrialization, water purification took a new importance because of the use of industrial water generally concerning the discharge of contaminated water to the environment ambient.

With increasing concern for the environment environment, the water discharged into the environment has been subjected to increasingly higher standards. In this way, they have undertaken increased efforts to identify procedures for water treatment to substantially reduce both dissolved contaminants such as particulates.

An aspect of water purification that is especially slow and / or team intensive is the separation of liquids and solids Traditionally, ponds have been used settlement or thickeners in which a large residence is allowed to reside volume of water that contains particles in an inactive state. With the force of gravity that acts on the mixture, the particles, even those in Stokes' flow regime are They will separate from the liquid.

A disadvantage of using thickeners is that they have to be extremely large to have a capacity to significant flow So its use is not practical in areas very populated urban areas where the need for such systems is greater of water purification. Consequently, they have developed thickeners that allow a continuous flow of liquid containing particles around the center of the thickener, producing a clarified floating liquid and a compact mud. The compact mud coming out of the bottom of the thickener, typically has a content of water equivalent to between 10 and 30 percent of the total water that fed the thickener.

In the last decade approximately Traditional thickeners have been improved with the arrival of high flow thickener. The high flow thickener has a well of central feeding that extends under the mud line of lower flow material. Consequently, all the water that enters in the thickener it has to pass through the mud that acts as filter medium Using the mud as a filter medium, they increase  solid and liquid separation rates, although only increases compared to thickeners Traditional In addition, high flow thickeners also have to be very large and, consequently, they also have large occupied spaces, which makes its use impracticable in many situations.

Another aspect of separation includes systems of liquid-liquid, such as the separation of oil and water from a sump of a mechanical workshop or pond washing of trains or buses etc. In the food industry other separation systems of liquid-liquid in which you have to have to Separate oil and water and oil. One of the problems of the Prior art is the effect of load disturbers such as oil or water swell in a cleaning operation that alters the balance of the oil / water feed ratio to separator. Although the separator can be controlled to prevent a component enters the wrong output current, a surge Catastrophic of one component or another cannot be controlled.

Brief description of the drawings

Now several realizations of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings. Be appreciate that these drawings represent only realizations typical of the invention and therefore should not be considered limiting their scope.

Figure 1 is a general view by means of a block diagram of a procedure that uses one or more separators of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a realization of a useful solid-liquid separator to understand the present invention but outside its scope;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view. of an embodiment of solid-liquid separator shown in figure 2;

Figures 4A-B are seen in cross section taken along the lines 4A-4A and 4B-4B of Figure 3, respectively;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a partial set of the inside of the separator vessel solid-liquid shown in figure 3, which reveals a part of the set of fins and discs;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a partial set of the inside of the separator vessel solid-liquid illustrated in figure 3, which reveals a more complete part of the set of fins and discs;

Figures 7A, B and C are embodiments of alternative fins that can be used in the separators of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a partial set of the inside of the separator vessel solid-liquid illustrated in figure 3, which reveals a set of fins and disks finished;

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view. of an elevation taken along line 9-9 of the figure 3;

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view. of the solid-liquid separator illustrated in the Figure 3 showing the solid-liquid separator in operation;

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view. of an embodiment of a separator of liquid-liquid useful for understanding the present invention but outside its scope;

Figure 12 is a perspective view of a partial set of the inside of the separator vessel liquid-liquid shown in figure 11, which reveals a part of the set of fins and perforated discs;

Figures 13A-13C are block diagrams showing alternative embodiments of valve assemblies that control the flow of liquid inwards and outside the liquid-liquid separator;

Figure 14 is a block diagram that shows another embodiment of a valve assembly that controls the liquid flow in and out of the separator liquid-liquid;

Figure 15 is a block diagram of a overview of a method of the present invention using the liquid-liquid separator in connection with a hydrocyclone;

Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view. of an alternative embodiment of a separator, in which the vessel to spherical pressure has been replaced by a pressure vessel double conical trunk;

Figure 17 is a perspective view of a partial assembly of the interior of the separator vessel shown in the figure 16;

Figure 18 is a side elevational view of an alternative embodiment of a separator according to the invention and that can function as a separator of solid-liquid and / or liquid-liquid;

Figure 19 is a sectional side view cross section of the separator shown in figure 18 without the frame of support;

Figure 20 is a perspective view. partially trimmed from a separator tree assembly shown in figure 19;

Figure 21 is a sectional side view cross section of the separator taken along the line 21-21 of Figure 19;

Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view. enlarged pressure vessel of the separator shown in the figure 19;

Figure 23 is a sectional side view cross section of a separator extraction tube shown in the figure 22;

Figure 24 is a perspective view of a nozzle of the extraction tube shown in Figure 23;

Figure 25 is a plan view of a fin of the separator shown in Figure 22;

Figure 26 is a perspective view of a separator fin assembly shown in figure 19;

Figure 27 is a sectional side view cross section of an alternative embodiment of the extraction tube shown in figure 24;

Figure 28 is a sectional side view cross section of another alternative embodiment of the extraction tube shown in figure 24; Y

Figure 29 is a perspective view of a separator fin assembly shown in figure 19 using solid discs

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The present invention relates to systems corresponding to a clarification and / or separation device of components of a fluid stream. For example, in a embodiment the system can be used to clarify water or other liquids that have been contaminated with particulate matter, which It includes organic and inorganic contaminants. The system too it can be used to separate immiscible liquids such as a oil-water mixture or separate liquids from different density Reference is now made to the drawings in the that similar reference numbers refer to operations or similar unit structures. It is understood that the drawings are diagrammatic and / or schematic and not necessarily drawn to scale nor are they limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Figure 1 is a block diagram of a overview of an embodiment of a system 8 using a separator of the invention as separator 10 of solid-liquid and / or a separator 22 of oil-water As illustrated in Figure 1, the separators 10 and 22 are connected with a variety of others treatment components System 8 is configured for treatment of a feed stream 12 containing water, Oil and particles It is appreciated that depending on the content of the supply current 12 and the desired final components, the selection of components of the represented system 8 can, removed, exchanged on another device or that can be added other components.

The supply current 12 may consist of a variety of different compositions, such as water with contaminants such as oil, bacterial contaminants, metals dissolved, and colloidally suspended solids. Stream 12 of power can originate, by way of example and not as limitation, of industrial facilities, installations of animal products treatment, wastewater treatment, municipal water treatment, the oil industry, and any other type of installation or system that has a product of fluid waste that has to be clarified and / or separated.

The supply current 12 feeds initially a storage tank 14 that acts as retention tank to store a large inflow of fluid. Storage tank 14 may include any commercially available storage tank, a pond in the ground, or other liquid retention vessel. In others embodiments, storage tank 14 is not necessary and is You can remove from the system. From storage tank 14, the fluid follows a flow path 16 to a garbage filter 18 to eliminate trash and oversized particles that could Clog the system. When leaving the garbage filter 18, the fluid follows a flow path 20 into a separator 22 of oil-water that discards a stream 24 of oil of a stream 26 of water. As will be discussed later with greater detail, oil-water separator 22 it can also be periodically rinsing it under pressure to remove particulate matter collected within separator 22. The particulate matter is rinsed under pressure through a line 21 of solids to a filter 46 set forth below.

Although a variety of oil-water separators, in one embodiment the oil-water separator 22, as will be exposed later in more detail, it is composed of a separator that it has many of the features of the invention as it is going to expose with respect to separator 10 of solid-liquid Alternatively, separator 22 of oil-water can comprise a separator of oil-water such as the separators revealed in U.S. Patents UU. Numbers 5,387,342, 5,582,724 and 5,464,536.

Water stream 26 can be combined with a water filter 28 to form a stream 29 of feed that is introduced into an electrostatic coagulator 32. He electrostatic coagulator 32 operates to electrically sterilize water killing living organisms, breaking down suspensions colloidal and colloidal impurities of a coagulant. This type of systems is available at Scott Powell Water Systems, Inc. of Denver, Colorado

A stream 34 of coagulated wastewater supplies a development depot 36 that typically has a residence time between about one minute and five minutes or longer. While in development depot 36, The size of the coagulant particles grows. Stream 38 of wastewater from the development tank 36 supplies the 10 solid-liquid separator that will be exposed more Go ahead in greater detail. The separator 10 of solid-liquid generates a current 40 with particles that constitute matter into particles that has been removed from wastewater stream 38, and a stream 42 clarified which constitutes water or other clarified liquid. He clarified water from clarified stream 42 is well discharged directly or through a post-environment filter 45 or in another intended destination. The stream 40 with particles is supplies filter 46 of which a stream of water 28 is generated filtered and a tank 48 of solids.

In one embodiment, the gas and residual oil collected at the top of development tank 36 may Extract directly through line 49 to filter 46. It is also appreciated that the separator 22 of oil-water, electrostatic coagulator 32, the development tank 36, separator 10 of solid-liquid, and filter 46 each can be operated at a high pressure, such as by the application of a pump, to facilitate desired flows through the system. The pressure may vary in one or more of the components 22,32, 36,10 and 46 to control the flow in desired directions.

An embodiment of solid-liquid separator useful for understanding of the present invention. The separator 10 of solid-liquid includes a pressure vessel 60 driven by an engine 62. Although the separator 10 of solid-liquid of the present invention can be manufacture in several different sizes, the embodiment represented It is designed to treat approximately 40 liters / minute. In bliss  embodiment, a 3440 RUM 2.5 electric motor can be used horsepower.

Preferably, the pressure vessel 60 is mounted within a protector 64. Protector 64 merely provides  a cover or housing as a safety mechanism for keep people and objects away from pressure vessel 60 swivel In the illustrated embodiment, a set is installed 66 of frame on which protector 64 is mounted by means of mounting fins 68. Of course an expert in the art you can see that protector 64 can be configured and attached to frame 66 in several ways.

Frame assembly 66 is configured also to support the motor 62 and the bearing structure which supports the pressure vessel 60. The separator 10 of solid-liquid includes an input housing 70 fixed configured to receive an input line 72. Similarly, the output housing 74 is located in the opposite end of the pressure vessel 60 to which a line 78 is attached outlet disposal and a 78 sewage line of exit.

A pump 80 is used to receive and introduce the wastewater stream 38 in separator 10 of solid-liquid through line 72 of entry. Pump 80 pressurizes wastewater stream 38 in the input line 72 so that the separator 10 of solid-liquid operates at said pressure. Thus, pump 80 must be able to pump the water stream 38 residuals with a flow capacity of the separator 10 of solid-liquid while maintaining a desired pressure In one embodiment, pump 80 maintains the wastewater stream at a pressure in the range of approximately 1 pound / inch2 (6.89 x 103 Pa) and approximately 600 pounds / inch2 (4.14 x 106 Pa) being more preferably a pressure of between about 30 pounds / inch2 (2.07 x 105 Pa) and approximately 125 pounds / inch2 (8, 61 x 105 Pa). The pump also produces flows in the range between approximately 3 liters / minute and approximately 1,000 liters / minute. Any pump available commercially that can create the above pressures and Desired flow rates can work for the desired purpose. Depending of intended use, it is appreciated that the pressure and flow range It can also be major or minor.

As illustrated in Figure 3, vessel 60 a pressure is mounted to rotate around rotation axis 90 which also coincides with the axis of rotation of the separator 10 of liquid solid The pressure vessel 60 includes a wall 92 peripheral that has an inner surface 93 that limits a chamber 95. In the embodiment shown, chamber 95 is shaped dial, although other configurations can be used. Because vessel 60 is mounted to rotate about axis 90 of rotation, the pressure vessel 60 will generally include a geometry which comprises a body of rotation around the axis 90.

In addition, it is desirable, although not required, that the walls of the pressure vessel 60 are inclined radially outwardly towards an equator 97 that has a diameter greater than surrounds the axis 90 of rotation. So, although a glass to pressure with spherical walls 92 be a desired embodiment because to its efficient pressure bearing qualities, it also they can use other curved glasses such as those with a oval, elliptical or symmetrically irregular shape. In addition, you can use straight line configurations such as two cones truncated with their broad ends fixed to each other. Similarly, it you can use a cylindrical configuration vessel at the edges and with a center formed by truncated cones connected to each other. In others embodiments, the vessel 60 does not need to have inclined walls out. For example, the vessel 90 may be cylindrical or have a polygonal cross section.

The pressure vessel 60 may be made of a variety of materials including stainless steel, plastic, composite, wound filament structures, and other materials conventional. In one embodiment, the pressure vessel 60 is capable of resisting pressures in the range of about 1 pounds / inch2 (6.89 x 103 Pa) and approximately 2,000 pounds / inch2 (1.38 x 107 Pa) being more preferred pressures of approximately 100 pounds / inch2 (6.89 x 105 Pa) at approximately 1,000 pounds / inch 2 (6.89 x 106 Pa). In the embodiment shown, the pressure vessel 60 is made of stainless steel and has two halves easily manufactured and building. The two halves are secured together as per welding, bolts or other conventional procedures so such that a seam is formed in the equator 97 of the vessel 60.

As illustrated in Figure 3, the separator 10 solid-liquid includes a transmission shaft 94 at its inlet end that is rigidly mounted on the vessel 60. Transmission shaft 94 is configured to engage the motor 62 (figure 2) as is known in the art. The 94 tree of transmission is mounted inside a hollow shaft 98 that is secured inside an entry mounting collar 100, secured in turn to vessel 60 between a plurality of bolts 102, in a manner known to one skilled in the art.

The drive shaft 94, the hollow shaft 98, and the input mounting collar 100 are therefore secured to each other and to the glass by any of the procedures known in the art, such as by welding or by the use of bolts, such as mounting bolts 102 that engage a flange 104 Inlet mounting These components comprise a set of transmission which is rigidly fixed to vessel 60 and, consequently, rotate with glass 60.

The transmission set is configured to hook up to the entrance 70 housing. Accommodation 70 of input supports the transmission set with a set 106 of input bearing which, in this embodiment, engages the 100 entry mounting collar. The bearing assembly 106 entrance is a tight ball bearing assembly that is supported on a pad such as those known to experts in the technique.

The input housing 70 is configured with a power supply input 114 that is configured to receive input line 72 (figure 2) by means of any binding procedures known in the art to provide fluid communication. As illustrated with reference to Figures 3 and 4A, the input housing 70 is configured also with an annular manifold cavity 108 surrounding the axis 98 hole. The hollow shaft 98 includes a plurality of ports 110 of access. The sealed gaskets 112 of the pump are installed between the hollow shaft 98 and the input housing 70 on each side of the collector cavity 108, thus providing a fluid tightness that allows at the same time the relative rotational movement between the fixed housing 70 and hollow shaft 98. The mechanical seals of the pump, such as those available in A.W. Chesterton Co. of Stoneham, Massachusetts work for the desired purpose.

With reference again to Figure 3, it illustrates and describes the support structure of vessel 60 in the 120 end output. As at the inlet end 96, vessel 60 at the output end 120 60 it is similarly configured with a flange 122 for mounting the outlet. A mounting collar 124 the outlet is connected to the outlet mounting flange 122 with several bolts 102. The outlet mounting collar 124 is supported  on the output housing 74 by means of a set 126 of output bearing.

The exit housing 74 and collar 124 of output mounting are each configured with an internal recess to receive an outlet tube 128 which has a channel inside 130 elimination As illustrated in Figure 4B, the gap interior of outlet housing 74 and mounting collar 124 outlet is configured with respect to the outlet tube 128 of such that a wastewater outlet channel 132 is defined between them. The wastewater channel 132 extends in the outside the outlet tube 128 and is in fluid communication with a waste water outlet 134 configured in the housing 74 output With reference again to Figure 3, in a embodiment, the wastewater outlet 134 includes a valve 136 for maintaining the pressure inside the vessel 60. The safety valve 136 may be a shut-off valve in case of spring loaded fault of a track in which the force of the spring must be overcome by sufficient fluid pressure to force the valve opening.

One outlet end 129 of the outlet tube 128 It is overfitted with a mechanical pump seal 138. The extreme opposite of the mechanical pump seal 138 is rigidly fixed on a circular step configured at the inner end of the accommodation 74 exit. Thus, the mechanical pump seal 138 acts as a fluid barrier between the removal channel 130 and the wastewater channel 132 and allows rotational movement relative between the outlet tube 128 and the outlet housing 74. The output end of the output housing 74 is configured also with an exit hole 140 that hooks line 76 of exit removal. Exit line 76 is accessible through an outlet valve 148 which can be a standard or solenoid valve, such as a ball valve that It is commercially available.

Inlet tube 128 also has one end. 131 input In one embodiment, a shutter 162 is received within the opening of the input end 131. A hole Gas exhaust 164 extends through shutter 162 to establish fluid communication between the center of chamber 95 and the channel 130 that extends through the exit 128 tuco. He gas exhaust hole 164 typically has a diameter in the range between about 0.02 inches (0.05 cm) and approximately 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) with a diameter between about 0.02 inches (0.05 cm) and approximately 0.125 inches (0.3 cm). Depending on usage provided, this dimension may also be greater or lesser. In a alternative embodiment, the input end 131 may be formed simply with a small hole that communicates with the elimination channel 130, thus excluding the need for a shutter 162.

With reference again to figure 3, the tube 128 outlet extends to the center of vessel 60. The solid-liquid separator 10 also includes a plurality of radially extending extraction tubes 160 on the outside Each extraction tube 160 has a first end 161 and a second end 163 in opposition. Each first end 161 is in fluid communication with the outlet tube 128 at end 131 of entry of the same. Extending through each tube 160 of extraction there is a channel that has a diameter in a range between approximately 0.06 inches (0.15 cm) and approximately 2.0 inches (5 cm) with a diameter between approximately 0.125 inches (0.3 cm) and approximately 0.5 inches (1.3 cm). In other embodiments the diameter may be major or minor In one embodiment, eight tubes 160 of extraction, each spaced 45 degrees from the adjacent tube. In alternative embodiments, any number of 160 extraction tubes. In one embodiment, a typical number of Extraction tubes 160 ranges from about 2 to approximately 144 being more preferred a number of tubes between about 4 and about 24.

In yet another embodiment, the tubes 160 of extraction is not necessary to project radially outward from the outlet tube 128 such that the tubes 160 of Extraction are perpendicular to the outlet tube 128. Preferably, the extraction tubes 160 may project out from the outlet tube 128 with an orientation in angle. For example, in one embodiment, the interior angle between each extraction tube 160 and the outlet tube 128 may be in a range between approximately 90º and approximately 160º. In the embodiments in which the interior angle is greater than 90 °, the outlet tube 128 may be shorter so that the end 131 inlet of outlet tube 128 is coupled with the first end 161 of each extraction tube 160. In other embodiments, the inner angle enters each extraction tube 160 and the tube 128 Output can be less than 90º.

Each of the extraction tubes 160 is externally extends an equal distance from axis 90 of rotation of the solid-liquid separator 10. Every extraction tube 160 has an opening 166 at its second end 163 to receive separate and fluid particulate matter. In operation, the extraction tubes 160, as explained more go ahead, help in defining a boundary line between the collected particulate matter and clarified liquid. For the therefore, the length of the extraction tubes 160 is set to provide a predetermined boundary line with vessel 60. In a embodiment in which the vessel has a maximum inside diameter of 47.5 cm at equator 97, the extraction tubes 160 are configured to leave a 0.25 inch (0.65 cm) gap between the opening 166 of the tubes 160 and the wall 92 of the vessel 60. In alternative embodiments, which include glasses of different sizes, the space between the opening 166 of the tubes 160 of extraction and the wall 92 of the vessel is typically in a range of between approximately 0.125 inches (0.3 cm) and approximately 2 inches (5 cm) with a space of approximately 0.25 inches (0.6 cm) to approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm). In other embodiments, the space may be smaller or larger.

The vessel 60 is also configured with a plurality of fins and discs to channel fluid flow to through vessel 60. An embodiment of separator 10 of solid-liquid includes a central disk 170 located in the center of the vessel 60 and oriented perpendicularly to the axis 90 of rotation, as illustrated in figure 3, the central disk 170 is configured with a central hole that fits over the shutter 162. The central disk 170 extends with a configuration circulate radially outward from shutter 162. The edge 172 outside of disk 170 is circular (following the curvature of the vessel 60) and is configured to leave a flow passage 174 axial between the edge 172 of the disk 170 and the wall 92 of the vessel 60. The low flow passage 174 extends annularly around the axis 90. The outer edge 172 is typically, although not necessarily, arranged radially inwards from the opening 166 of the extraction tubes 160. In one embodiment, the distance between the edge 172 of the disk 170 and the wall 92 of the vessel It is in a range between approximately 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) and approximately 4 inches (10 cm) being more preferred a distance from about 0.8 inches (2 cm) to about 1.2 inches (3 cm) with a distance of 0.8 being more preferred inches (2 cm) to approximately 1.2 inches (3 cm). In others embodiments, the distance may also be greater or less.

The embodiment depicted also includes four additional disks 176, 178, 202 and 204. Disks 176 and 202 they are located on the entrance side of vessel 60 being located Discs 178 and 204 on the output side. The disks 176, 178, 202 and 204 are used in part to facilitate assembly of separator 10 solid-liquid and provide structural support during the operation of it. Alternatively, separator 10 solid-liquid can be assembled with a number minor or major assembly discs. It is also contemplated that the invention of solid-liquid separator 10 can be built without discs securing the fins, as discussed more forward, directly to the outlet tube 128 and / or to the wall 92 of the glass 60.

As illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the disks 176 and 202 include central holes 180 that allow to extract the gas that is collected in the center of vessel 60. Discs 178 and 204 they are configured similarly with central holes 182 slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outlet tube 128, thus accommodating the passage through its outlet tube 128. Notches 210 in V can be formed, such as by being cut by laser, on the outer edge 172 of disk 170. These V notches minimize the disturbance of particulate matter when the clarified water flows around disk 170. In one embodiment, these notches 210 in V are cut at the edge 172 of the disk 170 which has a width in the range of about 0.1 inches (0.25 cm) and about 1 inch (2.5 cm) and a depth in the range of about 0.1 inches (0.25 cm) and approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm). The number of notches 210 in V that are cut in the central disc 170 between each pair of fins 184 is typically in the range of about three notches and approximately eight notches. Alternatively, the number and size of these notches 210 in V can be increased or reduce.

With reference now to Figure 5, the separator Solid-liquid 10 also includes a plurality of 184 radial fins. Each fin 184 has an inner edge 186 which is generally parallel to axis 90 of rotation and an edge 188 exterior that generally follows the curvature of the vessel 60. Thus, in the configuration illustrated herein, in which a vessel is used 60 spherical, the outer edge 188 of the fins 184 has a substantially semicircular configuration.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 8, they use two types of fins 184: fins 212 cropped and fins 214 no cropped As depicted in Figure 7A, each fin 212 cropped includes a substantially flat inner edge 186 and a outer rim 188 in front of the previous one. The outer edge 188 includes a substantially flat side portion 187 that projects orthogonally from each end of the inner edge 186, a part 189 of substantially flat nose arranged substantially parallel to the inner edge 186, and a curved flange part 191 which extends from each inner part 187 to the ends opposite of part 189 of morro.

As illustrated in Figure 7B, each fin 214 untrimmed includes a substantially flat edge 186 and an edge 188 outside in front of the previous one. The outer edge 188 includes a substantially flat side portion 187 that projects orthogonally from each end of the inner edge 186 and a part 193 with a curved face that extends between each side 187. On the face part 193 a semicircular notch 194 is formed centrally arranged

A fin 215 is illustrated in Figure 7C alternative. Fin 215 has substantially the same configuration that fin 214 not trimmed, except that the notch 194 is replaced by holes 196 that extend through fin 215. Said holes 196 typically have a diameter in the range between approximately 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) and approximately 1.5 inches (3.8 cm).

The fins 184 are located within the chamber 95 of vessel 60 perpendicular to discs 170, 176, 178, 202 and 204 as best illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. Each disk is equipped with a slot 198 that corresponds to each fin 184. Slots 200, which correspond to each disk 170, 176, 178, 202 and 204, are also configured in each fin 184. The fins 184 and the disks 170, 176, 178, 202 and 204 are formed,  in one embodiment, stainless steel but they can also be formed of plastic, composites and other material sufficiently strong. Slots 198 and 200 can be formed using any Conventional procedure such as laser cutting. Slots 198 and 200 are configured to allow fins and disks engage each other in an adaptation relationship of exact fit. In this way, the slots 198 configured in the disks 170, 176, 178, 202 and 204 have a width at least as large as the thickness of the fins 184. Similarly, the grooves 200 configured in the jumps 184, have a width at least as large as the thickness of the disks 170, 176, 178, 202 and 204 that They correspond to these slots.

Thus, the fin and disc assembly within the vessel 60 is assembled as illustrated in figure 5 placing the output discs 204 and 178 on the outlet tube 128. Disk 170 central, as seen in figure 6, is placed next around shutter 162 and some jumps 184 catch in their corresponding slots of disks 170 and 178 engaging the at the same time the discs with the corresponding fins on the fins 184. When fin 184 is thus placed in a hitch of coupling with a disc, virtually all relative movement between the disc and the fin is prevented. Next, the disks 176 and 202 input are placed in coupling hitch with the slots 200 on fins 184. With the five discs 170, 176, 178, 202 and 204 now in position, the remaining fins are installed sliding them radially in position, until the interior configuration of vessel 60 as illustrated in figure 8. Slots 198 and 200 are simply a means of securing the fins and the discs with each other. In alternative embodiments, fins and discs can be welded, held, molded integrally or otherwise secure each other using conventional procedures

In the embodiment shown they are used twenty-four fins 184 in vessel 60, as illustrated in Figures 8 and 9. In alternative embodiments, the number of fins 184 is typically in the range of about 8 to approximately 144 with a number of about 12 to about 48. As best represented In Figures 3, 8, and 9, the assembled fins 184 project externally from the axis of rotation 90 in alignment substantially parallel with axis 90 of rotation. Each edge 186 inside is separated from the center of the rotation axis 90 so that a channel 219 is formed, shown in figure 3, which is extends from the inlet end 96 to the hole 164 of gas leakage. Channel 219 has a diameter typically in the range between approximately 0.25 inches (0.6 cm) and approximately 2 inches (5 cm) a diameter being more preferred from about 0.25 inches (0.6 cm) to about 1 inch (2.5 cm). Depending on the intended use, the diameter also It can be minor or major. As illustrated in Figures 7A and 7B the Inner edge 186 of each fin 184 is cut to prevent interference with the outlet tube 128 and the shutter 162 of gas leakage.

To accommodate the eight extraction tubes 160 radial, the trimmed 212 fins are modified with a notch Central 216 as illustrated in Figure 5. Notch 216 is sized to allow some degree of intersection of 212 fins trimmed with extraction tubes 160, as illustrated in figure 9. Therefore, in the embodiment represented, sixteen 212 fins trimmed are used modified with a notch 216 in combination with eight fins 214 not trimmed that have not been modified.

In an alternative embodiment, it is appreciated that those fins 184 do not need to project externally radially in alignment with axis 90 of rotation. Preferably, the edge 186 inside each fin 184 may be offset from the alignment with the 90 axis of rotation and, despite that, be retained in position by the discs. With use in the specification and in the attached claims of the phrase, "flap that is projected from around the axis of rotation "is widely intended include embodiments in which an inner edge of a fin is arranged in a plane that is neither aligned with nor deviated of the axis of rotation, where at least one apart from the inner edge is arranged directly along the axis of rotation or is radially spaced out of the axis of rotation, and / or where the inner edge is parallel to or angled with the axis of rotation.

With fins and discs assembled around the outlet tube 128, as illustrated in Figure 8, the internal assembly is bounded inside chamber 95 of vessel 60. In one embodiment, vessel 60 is composed of two halves. secured together, such as by welding or bolting them with a gasket such as a frisa or ring arranged between them. Protecting the internal assembly of Figure 8 inside the wall 92 of vessel 60, the fins and discs are locked together in relative engagement and no welding is necessary to Keep them safe.

Specifically, as depicted in the figure 10, the flat side portions 187 of each fin 184 are arranged adjacent to mounting flanges 104 and 122. The parts 188 flange trimmed 212 finned curves are arranged adjoining wall 92. Similarly, parts 193 of the face curve of fins 214 not trimmed are also arranged adjacent to the wall 92. The side parts 187, the parts 188 of  flange, and the face portion 193 of the fins 184 may be predisposed directly against vessel 60. Alternatively, a small space may be formed, typically smaller than approximately 6.3 mm, between vessel 60 and parts 187, 188, and 193. As illustrated in Figure 9, the placement of fins 184 adjoining wall 92 results in the formation of a plurality of channels 218 of discrete flow through vessel 60 and along of the axis of rotation. However, each flow channel 218 is partially blocked by the intersection of the various disks 170, 176, 178, 202, and 204. As a consequence of the discs, the fluid that travels through the flow channels 218 is necessary to flow around the outer edge of the discs.

Going back to figure 10, between part 189 of flat nose of the fins 214 cut out and the wall 92 is formed a 190 low flow passage. The 190 low flow passage enables the fluid to flow between the flow channels 218 discrete of Ecuador 97. In one embodiment, the maximum space between the flat nose part 189 of the flap 214 cropped and the wall 92 It is in a range of approximately 0.125 inches (0.3 cm) and approximately 2 inches (5 cm) being more preferred a separation of approximately 0.25 inches (0.6 cm) at approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm). In other embodiments, the Maximum space may be greater or less. Although it is not a requirement, in one embodiment the flat nose portion 189 of each fin 184 is located radially into the opening 166 of each corresponding extraction tube 160.

Of course, it is contemplated that fins 184 can be formed with a variety of different configurations  to facilitate the low flow passage 190 between channels 218 of flow 218. For example, trimmed wings 212 may replaced by fins 215 alternatives. In this embodiment, the holes 196 facilitate the low flow passage 190. In others embodiments, notches, grooves, holes, grooves and similar can be formed in a fin 184 to facilitate the 190 low flow step.

Notch 194 (Figure 7B) formed on the fins 214 not cropped is designed to perform two functions. First, in an embodiment in which a seam is formed in the Ecuador 97, such as an inner flange, notch 194 provides space to receive the seam. Notch 194 also works for allow at least some flow between the flow channels 218 separated by fins 214 not trimmed. In this way, the flow of fluid through the notch 194 helps ensure that the layers limit and flow rates are equal in each flow channel 218.

Once the internal set is bounded inside the vessel 60, the collar 100, 124 of entry mounting and output, bearing assemblies and assembled housings as described above they are bolted or otherwise secure to vessel 60 using known conventional procedures by those skilled in the art.

In operation, as illustrated in Figure 2, the The rotation of the vessel 60 is started by turning on the motor 62. Typically, the motor 62 causes the vessel 60 to rotate with a speed of rotation in the range between approximately 600 rpm and approximately 10,000 rpm, with more preferred speeds of properly 1,200 rpm at approximately 3,600 rpm. At solid-liquid separator 10 is received a current 38 by means of the pump 80 which pumps said current to through line 72 of entry. Preferably, stream 38 it is pressurized by means of the pump 80 in such a way that it is maintained a hydraulic pressure inside the vessel 60 during the operation of the solid-liquid separator 10. In one embodiment vessel 60 of solid-liquid separator 10 operates at a hydraulic pressure in a range between about 1 pound / inch 2 (6.89 x 10 3 Pa) and approximately 600 pounds / inch 2 (4.14 x 10 6 Pa) with a pressure of approximately 30 pounds / inch 2 (2.07 x 10 5 Pa) at approximately 125 pounds / inch 2 (8.61 x 10 5 Pa). Depending on the intended use, the rotation speed may be major or minor

In addition to the hydraulic pressure applied to the vessel 60 by current 38, a centrifugal force is applied to the stream 38 and vessel 60 as a result of vessel rotation 60. This centrifugal force increases as the distance to axis 90 rotation is increased. So, the total force in the perimeter of the vessel 60 may be several times that of the pressure hydraulics.

Stream 38 may include virtually any liquid that has been contaminated with a component in particles that have a density greater than that of the liquid. In the Most applications, however, the liquid is water. Therefore, although water is referred to in the present liquid as clarified, it will be understood that the separator 10 of solid-liquid of the present invention can be use to clarify a variety of liquids.

As illustrated in Figure 10, stream 38 supply enters the separator 10 of solid-liquid through inlet 114 of power supply When the power supply 38 it reaches the axis 98 hollow of rotation, it is forced through the access ports 110 (see also figure 4) into the shaft 98 hollow where the current is accelerated to it rotation speed than that of vessel 60. The flow through the shaft 98 hollow rotation continues in the direction of a arrow A. Upon arrival at the entrance of the vessel 60 adjacent to the flange 104 for mounting the input, the centrifugal force imposed due to the rotation of the vessel 60 pushes the current radially towards the wall 92 of vessel 60. When the current enters vessel 60, it enters one of the flow channels 218 (figure 9) and continues to fill the glass 60.

The flow channels 218 help in the Elimination of the Coriolis effect. That is, if the fins 184, when the fluid enters the vessel 60, the fluid is would swirl in a whirlwind. Such agitation produces a flow turbulent that suspends particles inside the fluid. As stated later, in one embodiment the separator 10 of solid-liquid operates by sedimenting matter in particles against or next to the wall 92 of the vessel 60 from which delete later. Passing the fluid through the channels 218 discrete flow, the swirling of the flow is eliminated substantially. The fluid travels in a flow substantially laminar in which the fluid rotates at the same speed as the vessel 60. As a consequence, the potential for particle sedimentation Inside the liquid is maximized.

When stream 38 enters the vessel, it is forced around disk 176 and along the direction of the arrows B. Inside vessel 60, the current is subjected to tremendous centrifugal forces imposed on it due to the rotation of the vessel 60. Thus, the component of the densest current, that is, the particulate matter, flows radially outward while the less dense component flows radially inwards or stay up In one embodiment, centrifugal forces present in solid-liquid separator 10 produce an average of approximately 500 times g a approximately 2,000 times g over the fluid mixture. The force centrifuge quickly clarifies the fluid resulting in a Low liquid content in the densest particulate matter. Thus, solid-liquid separator 10 can achieve in minutes or seconds the amount of separation that a separator of Static deposit takes hours to achieve the same result.

As stated above, the subject in particles from stream 38 is forced by vessel rotation 60 to accumulate against wall 92 in Ecuador 97. Matter in Accumulated particles are identified as collected 224 solids. A line 228 limits is defined between solids 224 collected and the clarified water 226 arranged radially into the The collected solids 224 are allowed to accumulate and the line 228 limit ascends until line 228 limit is located radially into the opening 166 of the tubes 160 of extraction (a condition illustrated in Figure 10). The solids 224 collected are then removed from pressure vessel 60 at through the extraction tubes 169, as described next.

Water flowing around the edge of the disk 170 through the axial flow passage 174 can agitate the 224 collected solids that have been deposited within the radius of the largest dimension or equator 97 of the pressure vessel 60. Although not always, in an embodiment this agitation produced by swirling effects acts in opposition to the purpose of separator 10 of solid-liquid Therefore, such notches as the notches 210 in V set forth above with respect to the Figure 6 can be cut on the outer perimeter of disk 170. Notches minimize agitation by reducing the flow force of water around disk 170, thereby reducing the effects of the swirls. Thus, whirlpools 210 maintain the boundary layer 224. between the solids 224 collected and the water 226 clarified.

In addition to the operation of fins 184 of support, the different disks, especially disk 170, They work to aid in the removal of particulate matter. That is, all the fluid that enters the vessel 60 must flow well. towards or around the outer edge of disk 170 before can leave the vessel 60. Forcing all the fluid to flow into the outer edge of disk 170 to equator 97, all fluid is subject to the largest centrifugal forces produced by the rotation of the vessel 60, thereby ensuring that it is removed from the incoming fluid the highest concentration of particulate matter. Disks 176 and 178 also work for this purpose. In addition, placing disks 176 and 178 on opposite sides of disk 170, the fluid flows radially in and out when moving between the discs. This radial movement of the fluid increases the time of retention of the fluid inside the vessel, with which the fluid is undergoes a centrifugal force in the vessel during a period of longer time As a result, a large part is eliminated of particulate matter. However, in one embodiment alternative, the solid-liquid separator 10 It can be operated without the use of discs, especially the disc 170.

Because they can occasionally meet gases in the feed stream 38, a layer can be formed 230 of gas around axis 90 on the inlet side of vessel 60. The disk 170 effectively serves as a barrier between the side of inlet and outlet side of vessel 60. Consequently, the gases found within the feed stream is usually they will find only on the entrance side of vessel 60 because it is likely to separate before the liquid passes through the passage 174 of axial flow.

As the supply current 38 continues flowing into the vessel 60, the fluid passes around the outer perimeter of the central disk 170 and toward inside the outlet side of vessel 60. Clarified water 226, which it may be other fluids in other embodiments, fill the side of exit from vessel 60 and then exits through channel 132 of sewage water. Subsequently, clarified water 226 leaves the solid-liquid separator 10 through the outlet 134 of wastewater and safety valve 136. The safety valve 136 only opens when the back pressure at exit 134 of wastewater exceeds the force of the spring the valve, making sure that a pressure is maintained predetermined within vessel 60. In an alternative embodiment, safety valve 136 may be replaced by other systems of operation that perform the same function. For example, valve 136 safety can be replaced by an operated valve electronically and a pressure sensor. The valve opens electronically when the pressure sensor detects a pressure predetermined inside vessel 60 or at exit 134. In others embodiments, valve 136 may be self-adjusting to allow that clarified water 226 flows continuously through it to a given pressure If the flow increases or decreases, valve 136 will automatically opens or closes a proportional amount of so that the pressure remains substantially constant.

Line 228 limit is maintained at a level desired by opening valve 148 periodically and allowing collected solids 224 are extracted through tubes 160 Extraction When valve 148 opens a gradient is created of pressure between the inside of vessel 60 and line 76 of Elimination of the exit. The flow of solids 224 collected continues from the environment of greatest pressure inside vessel 60 towards the lowest pressure through the extraction tubes 160. This differential pressure can be created in several ways, such as operating the vessel 60 at ambient pressure and imposing a pressure negative in the extraction tubes 160 or, as shown currently, operating the pressure vessel 60 and imposing on the tubes 160 extraction a pressure close to the environmental.

Admitting that the eight extraction tubes 160 they only extend into eight of the 218 channels of flow (figure 9), the limit line 228 falls on these channels 218 of flow as the solids 224 collected are extracted. When line 228 limit on these flow channels 218 falls, the solids 224 collected from contiguous flow channels 218 flow through the low flow passage 190 to maintain line 228 limit to a generally constant level throughout the circumference of vessel 60. In an alternative embodiment, it is contemplated that a extraction tube 160 to each channel 218 of discrete flow. In this embodiment is not necessary to have low flow passage 190 between the flow channels 218, that is, the fins 184 can extend to the end of wall 92 of vessel 60 along the length of the fins 184.

When the outlet valve 148 opens, all the gas that has accumulated inside vessel 60 to form a layer of gas will immediately begin to escape through hole 164 of shutter 162 which is in fluid communication with channel 130 of elimination Therefore, preferably, hole 164 should be sized so that any accumulation of Expected gas can be eliminated through periodic opening of valve 148. However, hole 164 should be small enough to allow sufficient extraction in the extraction tubes 160 to remove the collected solids 224.  Therefore, the size of hole 164 depends in part on the residence time and the nature of the fluid flow In a embodiment, hole 164 has the threaded inside and a diameter about 0.375 inches (1 cm). This 0.375 hole inches (1 cm) is threaded to enable an insert with which the hole diameter can be reduced or even occluded totally, which depends on the selected insert. It can screw an insert even after the construction of the vessel 60 because hole 164 remains accessible through hole 140 output and elimination channel 130. Nature Adjustable diameter of this hole allows to make the hole 164 tailored to the different fluid flows using the same time the same solid-liquid separator 10.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the 60 spherical vessel has an inside diameter of approximately 19 inches (48 cm) and is capable of treating approximately 38 liters of water per minute This allows a residence time of approximately 1.5 minutes in separator 10 of solid-liquid by subjecting water at the same time to forces an average of approximately 700 g. This is approximately the equivalent of 2 hours of residence time in a static clarifier of the same capacity. In one embodiment, the solid-liquid separator is capable of clarify water to remove at least 99% solids. In alternative embodiments, the present invention contemplates that typical vessels can be formed with a maximum inside diameter in a range between about 6 inches (15 cm) and approximately 120 inches (300 cm) being more preferred approximately 12 inches (30 cm) to approximately 60 inches (150 cm) Such vessels can be designed to treat fluid at a speed in a range between about 0 liters / minute and approximately 4,000 liters / minute, being more preferred about 1 liter / minute at about 1,000 liters / minute It is appreciated that in other embodiments, the variables Previous may be older or smaller.

The stream 40 of particulate matter resulting passes through a bag filter, press filter, and / or belt filter to remove the remaining water and "bind" solids. "Agglutinated" solids can then removed by composting or other procedures known in the art. Finally, the procedure of removal will depend on the composition of solids "agglutinated." For example, solids containing metals heavy weights cannot be composted and procedures of proper disposal.

To stop separator 10 from solid-liquid, the pump and motor are disconnected, then drain the cup 60 and rinse under pressure. Alternatively, fluid can simply be left inside the vessel 60 during inactivity.

In one embodiment, depending on the operating parameters and particulate matter to be collected,  it can be difficult to completely extract solids 224 from the vessel 60 collected through the extraction tubes 160. For example, the collected solids 224 may be bonded to wall 92 in a extension such that they do not flow freely into the tubes 160 extraction. In an approach to solids removal 224 collected more easily and fully, the incoming flow of the stream 38 to vessel 60 and outgoing stream of water 226 clarified of vessel 60 can be stopped momentarily. Meanwhile the vessel 60 continues its rotation, and a current of elimination to the removal channel 130 of the outlet tube 128 of so that the elimination current drops through the extraction tubes 160 and into the vessel 60.

As the elimination current passes to inside the vessel 60, the elimination current is suspended again solids agglutinated in the surrounding fluid. However, the centrifugal force keeps particulate matter substantially adjacent to the wall 92 perimeter. Once the matter in particles are suspended again in a less dense phase, the Extraction tubes 160 can return to their original operation in the that the fluid containing suspended particulate matter is extract out of the vessel 60 through extraction tubes 160. A once the desired amount of particulate matter has been removed, you can  close the flow through the extraction tubes 160 while that the rotation of the vessel resists the particulate matter against the peripheral wall 92. Once the particulate matter is sufficiently seated, feed stream 38 and water clarified can flow back into and out of the glass 60

As will be discussed later with greater detail, different shapes of nozzles can be placed at the end  of the extraction tubes 160 to resuspend more Efficiently particulate matter. In addition, a separate tube to send the elimination current inside the glass 60.

In Figures 11 and 12 another one is represented useful embodiment for the understanding of the present invention, although it is outside its scope, which refers to a separator 224 of liquid-liquid that uses a construction similar to that of solid-liquid separator 10 represented in figures 2-10. Unlike with the separator 10 solid-liquid that is designed to mainly remove particles from a fluid, separator 244 Liquid-liquid is designed to mainly separating two or more immiscible liquids from a mixed liquid such like oil and water or any other type of immiscible liquids. From this way, the liquid-liquid separator 224 is can be used as oil-water separator 22.

Figure 12 illustrates a subset 232 of the liquid-liquid separator 244. The subset 232 includes a disc 234 lower side input similar to disk 176 lower side entry shown in figure 6. It is represented a central disc 236 with a plurality of perforations 238. The 238 perforations allow the passage of liquids through it. Further, a disc 240 less lateral of output is also shown with a plurality of perforations 238 extending therethrough.

As depicted in Figure 11, the rest of the subset 232 and the vessel in which the subset is disposed 232 are substantially the same as those presented above with respect to solid-liquid separator 10. So that, similar elements are identified by characters from similar reference. In addition, the alternatives presented above with respect to separator 10 of solid-liquid are also applicable to the separator 244 of liquid-liquid.

The separator 244 of liquid-liquid also operates similarly to solid-liquid separator 10. For example, with the 60 rotating glass, the mixed liquid is pumped into the inlet 114 to flow to hollow shaft 98 along the arrow A. After reaching the entrance to vessel 60, the mixed liquid enters one of the flow channels 218 (figure 9) and proceeds to fill the vessel 60. As a consequence of the centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the vessel 60 and the impact of the liquid mixed against the smaller disk 234, the mixed liquid is pushed radially outward towards pairs 92 of vessel 60 and around from disk 234.

The mixed liquid includes a component 241 heavy and a lightweight 243 component that are defined by their densities relative. It is appreciated that heavy component 241 may include also matter comprising particles. Where the mixed liquid It includes more than two immiscible liquids. The heavy component 241 or lightweight component 243 may be defined to include more than a liquid. The extracted fluid that includes more than one liquid can be subsequently treated by means of a second 244 separator liquid-liquid to separate liquids from same.

As a consequence of centrifugal force applied, heavy component 241 flows to wall 92 to Ecuador 97. Light component 243 flows to the center or towards the axis 90 of rotation of the vessel 60. As a consequence, a line 245 boundary between heavy component 241 and component 243 light. The 245 limit line remains within a range of radial distances away from axis 90 of rotation. This line 245 liquid-liquid limit is analogous to line 228 boundary represented in figure 10 of separator 10 of solid-liquid Instead, however, the line 245 liquid-liquid limit is located typically at a radial distance from the axis of rotation 90 in a range from about 1/5 to about 4/5 of the distance between the axis of rotation 90 and the maximum diameter at the equator 97, preferably 1/4 to about 3/4 of the distance, even more preferably from about 1/3 to about 2/3 of distance. In other embodiments the distance may be less or higher.

As a result of perforations 238 that extend through disks 236 and 240, component 243 light and gas 230 can flow through disks 236 and 240 and out of channel 132 of sewage. Since gas 230 comes out With the light component 243, there is no need for a hole gas leak at end 131 of tube inlet 128 of exit. In this embodiment, disks 236 and 240 work mainly as supports of fins 184 and therefore They can be of any desired configuration. Alternatively, the disks 236 and 240 can be deleted.

Heavy component 241 is removed from vessel 60 through the extraction tubes 160 and the outlet tube 128. Where there are fewer extraction tubes 160 than flow channels 218 discreetly, the low flow passageways 190 are formed between the channels 218 discrete flow so that line 245 limit is constant on all flow channels 218. Since line 245 boundary is typically closer to axis 90 of rotation than the limit line 189, the second end 163 of the tubes 160 of Extraction can approach axis 90 of rotation.

In one embodiment, means are provided for pressurizing the fluid within the pressure vessel 60 to automatically control the position of the boundary line 245 within the pressure vessel 60 as to changes in the percentage of heavy component and light component of the fluid entering. in pressure vessel 60. Several examples of such means are described below. An embodiment of a control system 290 for removing liquid-liquid separator 244 from separate liquids, specifically, a supply stream 30 containing two is shown in FIGS. 11 and 13A, by way of example and not limitation. Immiscible liquids are introduced into the liquid-liquid separator 244 where the two liquids are separated into the pressure vessel 60 of the heavy component 241 and the light component 243 as set forth above. The control system 290 includes a first valve 248 coupled to the wastewater line 78 and a second valve 256 coupled to the line 76 of
elimination.

A differential pressure is maintained between the first valve 248 and second valve 256. Differential pressure  it is necessary to keep the limit line 245 at a distance defined radial rotation axis 90 such that only light component 243 comes out through water channel 132 wastewater and wastewater line 78 and only comes out Heavy component 241 through extraction tubes 160, from tube 128 of exit and of line 76 of elimination. The failure in the establishment and maintenance of a differential pressure between valves 248 and 256 can lead to line extension 245 limit up beyond the extraction tubes 160 so such that a separate light component 243 comes out with component 241 heavy through extraction tubes 160 or may result in the boundary line extends into the wastewater channel 132 of such that a part of the heavy component 241 comes out with light component 243 through water channel 132 residual

The differential pressure is based on the operating properties of separator 244, such as speed of rotation and the material properties of current 30 of supply, such as the density and viscosity of the at least two immiscible liquids contained in the supply stream 30. The differential pressure is also based on the desired location of line 245 boundary inside vessel 60. It is appreciated that in some realizations the differential pressure can be zero or substantially zero to maintain line 245 limit in the desired location

In practice, the differential pressure can be Determine empirically. For example, initially the first Valve 248 is adjusted to operate at a first pressure. That is to say, the first valve 248 keeps the output of component 243 light at the first pressure while allowing the component 243 light output flows continuously through the first valve 248. Consequently, if the flow of light component 243 coming out decreases, the first valve 248 automatically closes a corresponding amount to maintain the first pressure. To this in this regard, the first valve 248 may comprise a regulator of back pressure such as a Fisher 98L made by Fisher Controls International, Inc., of Marshall Town, Iowa. Alternatively, the first valve 248 may comprise a back pressure regulator directed or controlled, also available in Fisher Controls International, Inc., which operates in communication with a 246 sensor pressure coupled to sewage line 78. In any of the previous embodiments or in other configurations of alternative valve, the first valve 248 is configured to adjust automatically and maintain a desired pressure in the Light component 243 that comes out when its flow changes. When the flow rate is substantially constant, the first valve 248 can be configured for manual adjustment instead of automatic.

The amount of first pressure is at some arbitrary aspect since it is the differential pressure that controls the position of line 245 limit. In one embodiment, however, the first pressure is typically in a range between approximately 1 pound / inch 2 (6.89 x 10 3 Pa) and approximately 600 pounds / inch 2 (4.14 x 10 6 Pa) more preferably about 30 pounds / inch2 (2.07 x 10 5 Pa) at approximately 125 pounds / inch 2 (8.61 x 10 5 Pa). In other embodiments, the pressure may be higher or Minor.

Once the first pressure is adjusted for the first valve 248, the second valve is adjusted initially to operate at the same pressure. The separator 244 of liquid-liquid is then operated at a flow rate of the supply current 30 and at a rotation speed defined from vessel 60. The operating pressure of the second valve 256 is then varied increasingly in opposite directions to determine the extreme operating pressures of the second valve 256. For example, the operating pressure of the second valve can be decreased incrementally and then increased increasingly to determine the pressure of the second valve 256 to which the light component 243 first begins to flow through the Elimination line 76 with heavy component 241 and component 241 heavy first begins to flow along water line 78 residuals with light component 243.

Once the two operating pressures ends of the second valve 256 are determined, the second valve is adjusted to operate at a pressure between the two pressures extreme This places line 245 substantially centered. between the opening for the wastewater channel 132 and the opening for extraction tubes 160. Alternatively, the second valve 256 can be adjusted to operate at any pressure  desired between the two extreme pressures. Differential pressure resulting between the first valve 248 and the second valve 256 Define differential pressure. The second valve 256 can understand the same type of valve exposed with respect to the first valve 248. Thus, in one embodiment, the second valve 256 can operate in conjunction with a pressure sensor 252 coupled to elimination line 76.

One of the unique advantages is its ability to compensate for changes in the proportion of the two liquids immiscible of the supply current 30. For example, assuming that an oil-water supply stream 30 feed the liquid-liquid separator 244 with a 50/50 mixture At one point, the 50/50 mix Suddenly experience a load change to 10% oil and 90% water. Where the rotation speed of the separator 244 of liquid-liquid remains substantially constant, an increased amount of water (heavy component 241) will tend to make line 245 limit move towards ele 90 of rotation. Consequently, the pressure detected in the first valve 248 will decrease while the pressure detected in the Second valve will grow. As a consequence, the second valve 256 it will close automatically slightly and the first valve 248 will will open automatically slightly. As a consequence, the pressures  operating valves 248 and 256 and differential pressure between valves 248 and 256 are continuously maintained relatively constant even when the proportion of liquids in The supply current 30 may change continuously. So therefore, the position of the limit line 245 is relatively maintained constant inside vessel 60.

A supply stream 30 of 100% water or a supply stream 30 of 100% oil can also be control by keeping line 245 within the range of preferred distances from axis 90 of rotation. For example, when a supply stream 30 of 100% oil is introduced into the liquid-liquid separator 244, the second valve 256 will finally close completely in order to keep the liquid-liquid interface within a range of preferred distances away from axis 90 of rotation. Consequently, when all the liquid in stream 30 of supply is oil, the oil will travel through the separator 244 liquid-liquid substantially without mixing some water that in this situation would substantially stagnate inside.

Another embodiment is shown in Figure 13B of a control system 294. The similar elements of the 290 and 294 control systems are represented with characters from similar reference. Unlike with the control system 290 in which the second valve 256 measures the pressure in line 76 of elimination, in the control system 294 the pressure sensor 252 is coupled to sewage line 78. A line 254 of signals couple sensor 252 to second valve 256. In being embodiment, the second valve 256 is adjusted to operate at a differential pressure relative to the adjusted operating pressure of the first valve 248. By way of example, when the first valve 248 is set to operate at 20 pounds / inch2, the second valve 256 can be adjusted to operate at a pressure of 35 kPa with respect to the pressure in the wastewater line 78. Consequently, although both valves 248 and 256 measure the pressure in line 78 of sewage, a pressure is maintained predefined differential between the two valves. Although the sensors 246 and 252 are shown in Figure 13, both of which are coupled to the wastewater line 78, in an alternative embodiment the sensors 246 and 252 each can be coupled to line 78 76 of elimination. In one embodiment the second valve 256 may be a differential pressure regulator such as the Fisher 98LD manufactured by Fisher Controls International, Inc., of Marshall Town, Iowa.

In yet another embodiment, it is appreciated that the first valve 248 in control system 294 may be set in such a way that the line pressure is not adjusted 78 of wastewater when the flow rate of the fluid passing to its Through is changing. For example, the first valve 248 may be configured so that when the quantity of component 243 slight protrusion passing through it decreases, fluid pressure within the 78 sewage line 78 can also Allow yourself to decrease. However, the second valve 256 fits to operate at a pressure relative to the pressure of line 78 of sewage, the operating pressure of the second valve 256 it also decreases, which keeps the differential pressure desired between valves 248 and 256.

In another embodiment more represented in the Figure 13C, a controller 260 is used to remove fluids separated from the liquid-liquid separator 244. Be transmit signals from the first pressure sensor 246 using a first  transmitter 262 that operates, by way of non-limiting example, with a 4-20 mA signal. Similarly, the first valve 248 transmits a signal using a first I / P converter 264 also with a 4-20 mA signal. The first converter 264 I / P converts a 4-20 mA control signal into pneumatic signal in order to operate the first valve 248. The Elimination line 76 is also configured with a second sensor 252 pressure, a second transmitter 266, a second valve 256, and a second I / P converter 268.

When a load disturbance occurs within the supply stream 30, the first sensor 246 of pressure and the second pressure sensor 252 detect a change in the respective pressures between the protruding heavy component 241 that passes through elimination line 76 and component 243 slight overhang that passes through water line 78 residual Said load disturbance will be perceived by the controller 260 the respective valves 248 and 256 will be adjusted with in order to keep line 245 limit at a range of distances preferably away from axis 90 of rotation. Differential pressure maintains control of the first valve 256. Consequently, it can maintain the position of the 245 boundary line within a range preferably distances away from the axis of rotation 90.

In another operation configuration, the Embodiments depicted in Figures 13A, 13B and 13C may mingle. For example, an alternative system could provide a first valve 248 on sewage line 78 as it set forth above with respect to figure 13A and a second valve 256 on the elimination line 76 as discussed with with respect to figure 13C. The second valve 256 would be coupled to the sensor, controller and other electronics as also exposed with respect to figure 13C.

A system 295 is shown in Figure 14 of control that operates slightly differently. The system Control 295 includes a valve 296 coupled to line 78 of sewage water. The valve 296 comprises a ball valve or another type of valve that can be fixed to produce an opening defined consistently so that in operating procedures normal the outgoing light component 243 is at a first Pressure. When the flow rate is changing, however, it is not necessary adjust valve 296 to maintain pressure.

The control system 295 also includes a valve 297, such as a solenoid valve, which is designed to open and close completely at will. The 297 valve is electrically coupled to sensor 298 that can be coupled, in turn, to the disposal line 76 or to the wastewater line 78. Valve 297 is adjusted to fully open and close at one pressure in pressure range. For example, during a mode of operation valve 296 is always left open an amount defined, while valve 297 is initially closed. When the pressure detected by sensor 298 reaches a limit defined higher, as a result of component collection Heavy inside the vessel 60, the valve 297 opens allowing the Heavy component go through it. Valve 297 remains open until the pressure detected by sensor 298 drops up to a lower limit at which time valve 297 closes and the procedure is repeated. Controlling valve 297 in a narrow pressure range, line 245 limit remains relatively constant In alternative embodiments, it is appreciated that valves 296 and 297 can be sandwiched between lines 76 and 78. In addition, valve 297 can be adjusted to open and close for a defined time range and / or range of pressures

One of the characteristics related to control of the liquid-liquid separation system is the possibility of separating immiscible liquids that have weights specific different from less than about 5% to each other. This is useful for separating immiscible liquids that have a specific weight difference in a range of between approximately 5% and about 0.5%, more preferably between about 4% and about 0.5%, and most preferably between about 3% and about 0.5%. Of course, it is used for  separate immiscible liquids that have a weight difference specific greater than 5%. Where a system of liquid-liquid given in such a way that the weights specific to the two liquids are unknown, and the control of said systems. Calibration can be performed for a pressurized rotating vessel given as revealed here. It can set a first rpm and various pressure differences indicated for different proportions of the two liquids. Can be adjusted A curve for this data. Similarly, others can be tested rpm quantities in order to calibrate the pressure vessel Rotary Through the use of standard control procedures such as a PID controller, the amount of rpm can be tracked of the rotating pressure vessel and maintaining the 245 boundary layer within a desired range you can find the system of liquid-liquid separated.

An application is represented in Figure 15 of the liquid-liquid separator 244. In certain conditions, environmental discharge standards may require that the water is clear of its suspended oil at a level below approximately 100 ppm. According to the realization shown in figure 15, the supply current 12 does not substantially comprises any loose particulate material except for some incidental waste that can be removed in the filter 18 garbage. Supply current 30 enters the separator 244 liquid-liquid and the two liquids Immiscible ones are separated as described above.

A current 250 of outgoing heavy component, that can comprise water in an oil / water system, it introduce a liquid-liquid 270 hydrocilon. Hydrocyclone 270 executes a separation inside which eliminates something more of the light liquid component of a concentration of less of approximately 10 ppm.

For example, when a system of oil / water, the current 250 of outgoing heavy component that comprises the water can have an oil content of approximately 100 ppm Hydrocyclone 270 provides a current 272 purified heavy component liquid having a content of oil in the range of about 0.1 to about 100 ppm, preferably between about 1 and about 10 ppm, and more preferably between about 2 and approximately 5 ppm. A liquid stream 274 of component light recycle is extracted from hydrocyclone 276 of liquid-liquid and mixed flow path 20 to form supply stream 30. Typically, on a route 20 of 50/50 oil / water flow, the water content within the 274 liquid stream of recycled light component will be in a range between approximately 50% water and approximately 80% of Water. Hydrocyclone 276 may comprise any hydrocyclone. known to those skilled in the art. An example of hydrocyclone is disclosed in US Pat. UU. No. 5,133,861.

Consequently, a separation procedure of a liquid-liquid mixture by using a separator 244, shown in Figure 11, may include one of the control systems represented in figures 13 and 14 or a combination thereof and may also include a hydrocyclone which connects to the heavy component output.

In figure 16 another one is represented embodiment, in which the most expensive spherical pressure vessel 60 has It has been replaced by a 276 pressure vessel with a truncated double cone. The Figure 16 depicts extraction tubes 160 that are longer than their equivalents represented in figure 3. In addition, an edge 278 flanged double truncated cone 276 is equipped with a 280 bolt in order to assemble the double cone 276 truncated. A frisa or a ring (not shown) may be located between surfaces of flanged edge coupling 278 in order to achieve a seal liquid tight that is maintained at the pressure contemplated by the present invention

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Figure 16 also represents passage 174 axial flow that is more angular due to the shape of the double cone 276 truncated. A distinction of the double cone 276 truncated is the absence a slope of decreasing flow. In other words, the slope of the flow along the wall 92 of the vessel is constant for solid particulate matter or heavy component liquid as it travels along wall 92 of the vessel in direction towards the opening 166 of a radial extraction tube.

Figure 17 is a perspective view of a 292 subset of separator that includes additional 202, 204 discs  together with a main disk such as the central disk 170. The Figure 17 depicts a fin shape of radial fins that they make up the shape of the vessel with the truncated double cone 276 a Pressure. Another distinction between subset 292 and corresponding components in separator 10 of solid-liquid is that an extraction tube 160 is disposed between fins 184 of subset 292. In this embodiment, the low flow passage 190 does not need to be formed between adjacent flow channels 218. According to the present invention, the double truncated cone 270 represented in the Figures 16 and 17 can be used with any separator of solid-liquid or of liquid-liquid

In yet another embodiment, it is contemplated that can configure a single separator to separate simultaneously both two or more immiscible liquids and particulate matter of a flowing stream The separator can be configured substantially identical to those disclosed in Figures 10 and 11. In this embodiment, however, particulate matter picks up the radial distance furthest from the axis of rotation, the lightest of the two immiscible liquids collected around the axis of rotation, and the heaviest of the two immiscible liquids is collected between the particulate material and the lighter liquid. Two are used separate sets of extraction tubes. The first set is extends to particulate matter for the extraction of same. This is similar to the above with respect to the Figure 10. The second set of extraction tubes extends even the heaviest liquid for its extraction. The liquid lighter comes out in the same way as described above with respect to figure 11.

An embodiment of a separator 300 according to the invention that can work as solid-liquid separator and / or separator of liquid-liquid The separator 300 comprises a frame assembly 302 including a base plate 304 arranged horizontally and a head plate 306 in alignment substantially parallel to the previous one. A cylindrical protector 308 extends between base plate 304 and head plate 306 to delimit a compartment 310. The base plate 304 is supported by a plurality of 312 adjustable legs projecting descending from it.

A fixed-entry housing 314 is attached to the base plate 304 and extends under it. How to expose more forward in greater detail, a fluid inlet line 311 and a fluid distribution line 313 is each coupled to the accommodation 314 entry. The fluid inlet line 311 is used to distribute the fluid that is separated, clarified and / or Another way treated. Consequently, depending on the configuration and intended use of separator 300, line 300 of fluid inlet may comprise a flow path 20 or the wastewater stream 38 of Figure 1. Line 313 of distribution is used to distribute a fluid to a pressure vessel of separator 300 for use in the removal of matter in particles collected inside the pressure vessel. A valve 317 is coupled to the fluid inlet line 311 while a valve 319 is coupled to distribution line 313.

A fixed output housing 315 is attached to head plate 306 and extends ascendingly from the same. The fluid attached to the outlet housing 315 is a line 347 of disposal and a 348 sewage line. Line 347 of removal is used for the removal of solids and fluids most heavy while sewage line 348 is used to the elimination of clarified and / or lighter fluids. The shut-off valves 249 and 351 are coupled to line 347 of disposal and to sewage line 348, respectively.

A pressure vessel 316 that has an end 318 inlet and one end 320 facing out is arranged rotatably inside compartment 310. As depicted in the Figure 19, the pressure vessel 316 is mounted for rotation around an axis 466 of rotation. Pressure vessel 316 includes a peripheral wall 468 having an interior surface 470 that delimits a camera 472. As stated above with respect to to pressure vessel 60, pressure vessel 316 and chamber 472 can have a variety of different configurations and may be made of a variety of different materials to resist a desired internal pressure Although not required, in the realization represented the walls of the pressure vessel 316 are inclined radially out towards an equator 474 that has a diameter maximum surrounding axis 466 of rotation.

A shaft assembly 322 that is also configured to rotate around the 466 axis of rotation, it extends through the pressure vessel 316 and is coupled thereto. The shaft assembly 322 includes an input end 324 that is rotatably supported inside the input housing 314. He shaft assembly 322 also includes an outlet end 326 that is rotatably supported inside housing 315 of exit.

An annular pulley 328 surrounding the assembly 322 axle is attached to the pressure vessel 316 at the end 318 of entry. Returning to Figure 18, on the base plate 330 is mounted an engine 330. Engine 330 rotates a drive wheel 332 that is also disposed within compartment 310. A strap 334 is extends between drive wheel 332 and pulley 328 to facilitate pressure vessel 316 rotation and shaft assembly 322 with with respect to accommodation 314 of fixed entrance and accommodation 315 of fixed output In this regard, it is appreciated that among the set 322 of axle and housings 314 and 315 are arranged bearings

The shaft assembly 322 shown in the figure 20, comprises a central manifold 336. As depicted in the Figure 22, manifold 336 comprises a collar 337 substantially cylindrical having an inner surface 338 that extends between an input end 340 and an end 343 facing exit. An annular flange 344 projects radially inwards from the inner surface 338 of collar 337. Flange 344 surrounds a compartment 339. A plurality of separate channels 346 radially extend through manifold 336 and flange 344 on the outlet side of flange 344. Each channel 346 comprises a first part 341 of the channel, a second part 343 of the channel and a third part 345 of the channel, each part being arranged concentrically and consecutively narrowed towards the compartment 339.

A terminal wall 353 extends through flange 344 on the outlet side of channels 346 to delimit a part of compartment 339. An annular mouth 355 projects from terminal wall 353 and from flange 344 towards the end 342 output An annular groove 357 extends between the mouth 355 and the collar 337 to communicate with the second part 343 of each channel.

Returning to Figure 20, the shaft assembly 322 It also includes a tubular input shaft 350. The 350 axis of entry extends from a first end 352, which corresponds with the input end 324 of the shaft assembly 322, toward a second extreme 354 in opposition. The second end 354 is fixedly arranged inside the inlet end 340 of the manifold 336 to run against flange 344. The input shaft 356 has a  interior surface 360 delimiting a distribution channel 362 of fluid The distribution channel 362 extends from a mouth 364 input at the first end 352 to channels 346 of the manifold 336. As depicted in Figure 19, mouth 364 of input is in fluid communication sealed with a 365 port of coupling formed in the input housing 314, in turn, the Docking port 365 is fluidly coupled to line 313 of fluid distribution, as discussed above with respect to to figure 18. Thus, the fluid entering through the line 313 distribution passes through accommodation 314 entrance and into the fluid distribution channel 362.

Returning to Figure 20, the input shaft 350 it comprises a tubular inner shaft 356 and an outer shaft 358 tubular. The inner shaft 356 and outer shaft 358 each are extends between the first end 352 and the second end 354. A plurality of radially separated input ports 366 are extend through the outer shaft 358 in or toward the first end 352. Similarly, a plurality of output ports 368 they stand radially extend through the outer shaft 358 at or towards the second end 354. An extension tube 370 is coupled to each output port 368 and projected radially towards Out from it. A fluid inlet channel 372 substantially cylindrical is formed between the inner shaft 356 and the outer shaft 358 and runs longitudinally from the ports 366 input to ports 368 output.

As shown in Figure 19, the ports 368 outlet and extension tubes 370 are arranged inside of pressure vessel 316. In contrast, the input ports 366 they are in sealed fluid communication with a 373 port of coupling formed in the input housing 314. Plus specifically, as shown in figure 21, the housing 314 inlet delimits a cavity 374 surrounding the axis 350 of input at ports 366 input. So, cavity 374 It is in fluid communication with the input ports 366. The cavity 374 has a spiral inner side wall 375 for contract radially.

Docking port 373 extends towards inside the input housing 314 and connect with cavity 374 with a tangential orientation to the cavity 374. In turn, the line 311 fluid inlet, as discussed above with respect to to Figure 18, it is coupled to the docking port 373. Consequently, as the fluid enters through the line 311 fluid inlet, fluid passes through cavity 374 and of input ports 366 to enter channel 372 of fluid inlet As a consequence of the tangential orientation the docking port 373 and the spiral configuration of cavity 374, fluid inlet cavity 374 is forced to rotate inside the annular cavity 374 around the axis 466 of rotation of shaft assembly 322. The rotation of the fluid is in the same direction as the rotation of the shaft assembly 322. Although I do not know requires, this introduction of the fluid with a rotating orientation  minimizes the turbulent flow of fluid that passes inwards of separator 300, thereby maximizing the operation efficiently.

Returning to figure 20, analogous to the axis 350 input, shaft assembly 322 also includes a shaft 376 tubular outlet The output shaft 376 extends from a first end 378 to a second end 380 facing the previous one. He second end 380 corresponds to the exit end 326 of the shaft set 322. The first end is fixedly arranged inside the outlet end 342 of the manifold 336. The shaft 376 of exit has an interior surface 382 that delimits a channel 384 of sewage Wastewater channel 384 extends from a wall 386 airtight terminal (figure 22) in the first end 378 to an outlet 388 open in the second end 380. In addition, a plurality of transfer tubes 400 radially separated extend in sealed fluid communication from the outside of shaft assembly 322 to channel 384 of wastewater at the first end 378.

As shown in Figure 19, the tubes 400 transfer are arranged in fluid communication open inside pressure vessel 316. Instead, mouth 388 of output is in fluid communication sealed with port 404 of coupling formed in the output housing 315. In turn, the coupling port 404 is fluidly coupled to line 348 of wastewater as discussed above with respect to the Figure 18. Thus, the fluid entering the water channel 384 residual through the transfer tubes 400, goes out to through accommodation 315 exit and water line 348 residual

Returning to Figure 20, the output shaft 376 it also comprises a tubular inner shaft 390 and an outer shaft 392 tubular each extends between the first end and the second extreme. The first end 378 of the inner shaft 390 is received inside the mouth 355 of the manifold 336 for laying against the wall 353 terminal An annular seal 359 extends between axis 390 Inner and mouth 355.

A plurality of disposal ports 394 radially separated extend through the outer shaft 392 in or towards the second end 380. An annular channel 395 is formed between the inner shaft 390 and the outer shaft 392 and runs longitudinally from the annular groove 357 formed in the manifold 336 to disposal ports 394. Channel 395 and the slot Annular 357 combine to form an elimination channel 396 that extends from each channel 346 of manifold 336 to the ports 394 removal.

As shown in Figure 19, the ports 394 disposal are in sealed fluid communication with a coupling port 402 formed in the output housing 315. In one embodiment, the docking port 402 communicates with the disposal ports 394 in substantially the same way as fluid inlet ports 366 are coupled to port 373, as set forth above with respect to figure 21, except that the fluid is flowing in the opposite direction. Port 402 of coupling is fluidly coupled to line 347 of elimination, as stated with respect to figure 18, so such that the fluid and / or particulate matter that enters the channel 396 elimination exits through ports 394 of elimination, docking port 402 and line 347 of elimination.

An extraction tube 410, shown in the Figure 20, is fluidly coupled to each channel 346 of the manifold 336 and project radially outward from each channel 346 of said collector. As shown in Figure 23, each tube 140 of extraction comprises an outer tube 412 having a inner surface 414 extending between a first end 416 and a second end 418 in front of the previous one. An inner tube 420  It is arranged inside the outer tube 412. The inner tube 420 it has an outer surface 422 and an inner surface 424 that extends between a first end 426 and a second end 428 in front of the previous one. The first end 426 of the inner tube 420 the first end 416 of the tube 412 is projected past. Exterior. The inner surface of the inner tube 420 delimits a 430 supply duct. An elimination conduit 432 is bounded between the inner surface 414 of the outer tube 412 and the outer surface 422 of the inner tube 420.

As depicted in Figure 22, the first end 426 of the inner tube 420 of each extraction tube 410 is secured in fluid communication with the third part 345 of channel of a channel corresponding to channel 346 of manifold 336. Thus, the supply line 430 is in fluid communication with compartment 339 of manifold 336 and with channel 362 of fluid distribution In addition, the first end 416 of the tube 412 outside of each extraction tube 410 is secured in fluid communication within the first part 345 of a channel, of a corresponding channel of channel 346 of manifold 336. Thus therefore, each elimination conduit 432 is in fluid communication with the second part 343 of a channel, of a corresponding channel, of a channel 346 corresponding to part 346 of a channel that at its once it is in fluid communication with the wastewater channel 384 by means of an annular groove 357 of the manifold 336.

Returning to Figure 23, each tube 410 of extraction also includes a nozzle 436. The nozzle 436 comprises a tubular rod 438 having an inner surface 440 and a outer surface 442 extending each between a first end 444 and a second end 446 in front of the previous one. A annular flange 448 projects radially outward from the second end 446 of the stem 438. The second end 428 of the tube 420 inside is fixedly arranged around the outside of the stem 438. A plurality of radially spaced slots 445 are extend through the outer tube 412 at the second end 418. The slots 445 are in alignment substantially parallel with the axis of rotation of the outer tube 412. As a result, at least a part of each slot 445 forms a channel that extends from the outside to duct 432 removal. In one embodiment, each slot 445 is oriented to tangentially intersect with the removal duct 432.

An annular side wall 450 projects toward front from the outer edge of flange 448. In turn, a annular flange 452 projects forward from the end 450 side wall terminal. A capacete 454 is secured inside the annular flange 452 to tend against the wall 450 side. In this configuration, a compartment 456 in the form of disk is surrounded by the side wall 448 and delimited between the capacete 454 and flange 448. Compartment 456 is in fluid communication with the supply duct 430.

The side wall 450 and the flange 452, represented in figure 24, share an outer face 458 common. The outer face 458 comprises six flat 460 faces, which each one has a notch 462 formed therein. A leek 464 a flush extends linearly from each notch 462 to the compartment 456 passing through the side wall 450. Every Port 464 flush is configured to intersect tangentially with the inner surface 451 of the side wall 450. How consequently, the fluid that exits through ports 464 flush leaves with a generally tangential orientation to a radial arc from the center of the nozzle 436. This is unlike with the fluid leaving radially from ports 464 flush. Considering the above, the fluid that travels to the conduit 430 of supply passes through compartment 456 and exits through ports 464 flush. Then the fluid can enter the Elimination conduit 432 through slots 445.

As illustrated in Figure 22, the nozzle 436 is arranged contiguously or directly against the inside of the wall 468 of vessel 316 under pressure at equator 474. How will it be exposed? later in more detail, the nozzle 436 may be spaced also radially inward from wall 468, although in some embodiments such placement may be less efficient in the removal of particulate matter.

Like pressure vessel 60, vessel 316 a pressure is also configured with a plurality of fins and discs to channel the fluid through vessel 316. A first annular disk 478 surrounds the input shaft 350 and is secured such as by pins, bolts, welding and the like, to end 340 of collector input 336. Similarly, a second ring disk 480 surrounds output shaft 376 and is secured to end 342 of collector output 336. Each of disks 478 and 480 is located perpendicular to axis 466 of rotation.

A plurality of fins 482 intersect with disks 478 and 480. As shown in Figure 25, each fin 482 comprises an inner edge 484 extending between a first end 486 and a second end 488 in front of the previous one and a stable 490 perimeter edge. The inner edge 484 is configured to complement the collector 336 and is configured to move in parallel alignment with the axis 466 rotation. Edge 490 Perimeter is configured substantially to complement the inner surface 470 of the 316 pressure vessel.

As depicted in figures 22 and 25, the perimeter edge 490 comprises a first part 492 trimmed in the first end 486. The first cut part 492 is formed radially from the terminal end of the tubes 370 of extension. As a consequence, an annular equalizer channel 494 surrounds the shaft assembly 322 inside chamber 472 and is partially delimited between the first part 492 trimmed from each fin 482 and the inner surface 470 of the pressure vessel 316.

The perimeter edge 490 of each fin 480 it also includes a second part 496 cut in the second end 488. The second cut part 496 is formed radially from transfer tubes 400. As a consequence, a channel 498 annular drain equalizer surrounds shaft assembly 322 inside chamber 472 and is partially delimited by the second part 496 cropped from each fin 482, surface 470 inside the pressure vessel 316 and the output shaft 376.

A pair of 500 disk receiver slots separated extend from the inner edge of each fin 482. Separate radially complementary grooves are also formed on the outer edge of disks 478 and 480 so, as you depicted in Figure 26, fins 482 and discs 478, 480 they can be interlocked by coupling the slot. Is the same interlocking form set out above with respect to those fins and discs of figure 5. In this way, fins 482 are secure shaft assembly 322 and extend in alignment parallel with the axis 466 of rotation. A 502 flow channel bounded between each pair of adjacent 482 fins extends between the input end 318 and the output end 320.

As also shown in figures 22 and 26, in which the separator 300 is being used primarily to separate fluids of different densities, such as oil and water, disks 478 and 480 are formed with openings 504 that extend through it in alignment with each fluid channel 502. The openings 504 allow fluid to flow through the Disks as opposed to having to flow around them. In this embodiment, disks 478 and 480 function primarily as fin supports 482.

Depending on its intended use, the operation of the separator 300 is similar to the operation of separator 10 and the separator 244 as set forth above. So, the parameters of operation set out above with respect to the separators 10 244 are also applicable to separator 300. Returning to Figure 18, during operation the engine 330 is activated producing the rotation of the pressure vessel 316 around the axis 466 rotation. The shaft assembly 322, the extraction tubes 410 and fins 482 with the associated discs rotate concurrently with the 316 vessel under pressure. A supply current 506 is enter the separator 300 through the input line 311. Preferably, the feed stream 506 is pressurized, such as by the pump 80 of Figure 2, so that the current 506 feed is maintained at a preset pressure within of the pressure vessel 316 during operation of the separator 300.

For having disks 478 and 480 openings 504 in the same (figure 26), the separator 300 is configured to mainly operate as a separator of liquid-liquid So, for the purpose of illustration the supply current 506 comprises at least two immiscible liquids of different densities. The two liquids are They call again heavy component 241 and light component 243. The operation of the separator 300 will be exposed with respect to the separation of two components. Although the separation of two components can also facilitate at least some elimination of particulate matter of light component 243, will be exposed more  further an embodiment with respect to the operation of the separator 300 which has a solid-liquid separator for Remove particulate matter.

As illustrated in Figure 19, the current 506 feed passes line 311 input (figure 18) into port 373 of housing coupling 314 input As stated above with respect to the figure 21, the supply current 506 is forced to rotate within the cavity 374 so that at least the rotation of the supply current 506 with the rotation of the set 322 of axis. The rotating power supply 506 passes next through the input ports 366 and into the fluid inlet channel 372 of the input shaft 350. The current 506 power exits the input channel 372 through tubes 370 extension, thus entering chamber 472 of vessel 316 a Pressure. Although not required, in one embodiment the current of feed now rotates at the same speed substantially as the 316 pressure vessel. The use of extension tubes 370 that extend radially outward from shaft assembly 322 force the input 506 current out of it to submit to at least part of the gravitational force produced by separator 300. In alternative embodiments, tubes 370 Extension can be removed.

As depicted in Figure 22, after Inlet in pressure vessel 316 the centrifugal force imposed due to the rotation of the pressure vessel 316 pushes the current radially outwardly towards wall 468. When the current enters the pressure vessel 316, enters one of the channels 502 of flow (figure 26) and proceeds to fill vessel 316. As stated previously, flow channels 502 help eliminate the effect Coriolis Although an extension tube 370 can be provided for each channel 502 discrete flow, channel 494 flow equalizer incoming allows fluid communication at the input of the channels 502 flow, thus helping to ensure a fluid level and a common flow through all flow channels 502. In alternative embodiments, channel 494 flow equalizer Incoming can be deleted.

When the supply current 506 is moves within the flow channels 502 towards the tubes 400 of transfer the current is subjected to the enormous forces centrifuges imposed on it due to vessel rotation 316. In this way, the densest component of the current flows radially out while the less dense component it flows radially inwards towards the axis 466 of rotation. From this way a boundary line 508 is formed inside chamber 472 arranged parallel to the axis 320 of rotation indicating the separation between the heavy component 241 and the light component 243.

Lightweight component 243 continues its displacement within the flow channels 502 to the tubes 400 transfer. The formation of 498 channel equalizers outgoing flow allows fluid communication between each stream of light component that leaves its corresponding flow channel, thus helping to ensure a common incoming flow through the transfer tubes 400. As a consequence, there may be less transfer tubes 400 that flow channels 502. Alternatively, a transfer tube 400 can be provided to each channel 502 of flow, thus eliminating the need for channel 498 outflow equalizer.

Returning to figure 19, component 243 lightweight enters the 384 channel of sewage through pipes 400 transfer. Subsequently, the light component 243 comes out of wastewater channel 384 and separator 300 through sewage line 348 (figure 18) like any product final or for further treatment.

Going back to figure 22, the component 241 heavy is removed from vessel 316 being extracted towards the inside the duct 432 for removing each tube 410 from extraction through grooves at the end of it. To this in this regard, the slots 445 may be located in any location radially from line 508 limit. He heavy component 241 travels radially inward to length of the elimination ducts 432 where it then passes to through the second part 343 of a channel and into the Elimination channel 396 by means of an annular groove 357. To its instead, the heavy component 241 leaves the removal channel 396 and of separator 300 via disposal ports 394 and of the line 347 of elimination. The removal of heavy component 241 and Lightweight component 243 is controlled using one of the system and control procedures, as discussed above with respect to to figures 13-14 so that line 508 boundary is maintained at a desired location or within a range desired inside vessel 316.

In one embodiment, it is appreciated that one can provide an extraction tube 410 to each flow channel 502. In a alternative embodiment, an extraction tube 410 can be provided to every two 502 flow channels or to any other position desired. When an extraction tube 410 is not provided to each channel 502, some form of opening or discontinuity occurs in the separation fin so that the fluid communication of the Heavy component 241 is made between two or more flow channels 502. Said openings or discontinuities can be formed by the passage of low flow 140 as set forth above.

It is appreciated that most of the fluids in those that component separation is desired may also include Some form of particulate matter. The particulate matter that initially it is suspended within stream 506 of power enters the 502 flow channels where under the force gravitational produced by separator 300 is forced towards the inside the wall 468 mainly around the equator 474. Periodically collected particulate matter is removed from the vessel to prevent excessive accumulation inside vessel 316.

As an example, at periodic intervals the valves 317 and 351 of the fluid inlet line 311 close and of line 348 of wastewater, respectively. Subsequently, valves 319 and 349 of line 313 are opened. distribution and elimination line 347, respectively. TO then, with vessel 316 still rotating, a current is pumped 510 cleaning inside distribution line 313. The cleaning current 510 travels to channel 362 of distribution from where it subsequently passes into the supply line 430 of each extraction tube 410. Finally, the cleaning current 510 passes through ports 464 pressure rinsing inside chamber 472 of the vessel 316 under pressure. As a result of the orientation of the ports 464 pressure rinsing produces a vortex of agitation around the nozzle 436. The vortex of agitation returns to suspend particulate matter that has been agglutinated or other way deposited against the inside of the wall 468. Simultaneously, with the cleaning current 510 being sent to the inside chamber 472, the heaviest component 241 that has now suspended particulate matter is extracted from within through disposal ducts 432 and extraction pipes 410 as stated above.

Once a desired amount of particulate matter and heavy component 241 has been removed, valves 319 and 349 of distribution line 313 and disposal line 347 are closed, respectively. Valves 317 and 351 of the fluid inlet line 311 and line 348, respectively, continue to remain closed for a sufficient period of time to enable suspension of the settled solids against the interior of the wall 468 as a result of the rotation of the vessel 316 under pressure. Although not required, this action helps ensure that the suspended solids are not extracted again with the lighter component. Once the solids have been deposited again, valves 317 and 351 are opened and the procedure is continued. In another operating procedure, it is appreciated that the supply current 506 and the cleaning current 510 can feed
simultaneously to concurrently eliminate both the heaviest component and the lightest component.

In alternative embodiments, it is appreciated that the extraction tube 410 can have a variety of configurations different. For example, pressure rinsing ports 464 they can be located with any orientation even radially out. In addition, pressure rinsing ports 464 can be located for exit through capacete 454. It is also you can use any number of other nozzle configurations 436 from which the fluid can be injected to suspend again particulate matter

In another embodiment, as depicted in the Figure 27, an extraction tube 514 is shown without the use of the nozzle 436. The extraction tube 514 has an inner tube 516 that delimits a supply duct 518 and an outer tube 520 surrounding. Between the inner tube 516 and the outer tube 520 is delimited a duct 522 of elimination. Each of the tubes 516 and 518 extends between a first end 524 and a second end 526 in front of the previous one. The first end 524 of the tube Extraction 514 is coupled to manifold 316 substantially of the same way as the extraction tube 410.

The second end 526 of each of the tubes 516 and 520 is openly exposed the same as the opposite to be coupled to the nozzle 436. Thus, the fluid simply exits at through the supply duct 518 at the second end 526 to suspend again the solids deposited against vessel 316 a pressure while the heaviest component with solids suspended again inside enter inside the disposal duct 522 at the second end 526. In this embodiment, the outer tube 520 may be formed without grooves 445. If desired, however, it can be installed between tube 516 inner and outer tube 520 a support collar (not sample) that has holes that extend through it to keep the spacing between the tubes. It is also appreciated that the system can be manipulated so that the current 510 of cleaning flow out of duct 522 in the inside of vessel 316 while component 241 weighed with particulate matter suspended again is removed through the 518 supply duct.

Another embodiment is shown in figure 28 of a 530 extraction tube. The extraction tube 530 comprises an integral tube 532 delimiting a supply duct 534 and a disposal duct 536 arranged contiguously. It is appreciated that an expert in the art based on the teachings of the present could modify manifold 336 to fit it to a first end of the extraction tube 530 so that the duct 534 of supply communicate with channel 362 distribution and the disposal duct 536 communicate with channel 396 of elimination. Alternatively, the extraction tube 530 can also comprise two separate tubes, one that delimits the supply duct 534 and another that delimits duct 536 of elimination.

In US Pat. UU. No. 5,853,266, entitled "Fluidising Apparatus" other embodiments are revealed extraction tube alternatives whose drawings and revelation announced in the detailed description of the invention will incorporate herein as a specific reference. I also know they can obtain various forms of extraction tubes in Merpro Nailsea Limited, Bristol, UK.

Although the embodiment of the separator 300 described previously it can be used for the elimination of some matter in particulate, the configuration is designed primarily for the separation of mixed liquids, i.e. oil separation and Water. However, as discussed above, separator 300 it can also function mainly as a separator of solid-liquid In this embodiment it is desirable maximizes the application of centrifugal force on matter in particles inside the fluid. Consequently, figure 29 represents a set of fins shown in which each of fins 482 is interlocked with a first disk 538 and a second disc 540 in substantially the same way as the disks 478 and 480 are interlocked with the fins of Figure 25. A distinction between disks 538, 540 and disks 478, 480 is that disks 538, 540 do not have large 504 openings extending to through In one embodiment, however, one or more ports 542 Small gas extend through each of the disks 538 and 540 adjacent to its inner perimeter edge.

Going back to figure 22, assuming that 478 and 480 discs were replaced by 538 and 540 discs, respectively, the fluid entering chamber 472 of vessel 316 under pressure through extension tubes 370 is forced to, initially, move around the outer perimeter of the disk 538. In doing so, the fluid and particulate matter are subjected a centrifugal force greater than if they had passed in addition to through openings 504. The increased centrifugal force gives place to a greater concentration of the material in settled particles  against the inner surface 470 of the pressure vessel 316 mainly around equator 474. The clarified liquid is removed from pressure vessel 316 through tubes 400 of transfer as discussed above, while the solids are periodically suspended again and removed through of the extraction tube 410 or the alternatives exposed with the same as also stated above. In one embodiment the separator 300 can be operated using the procedure and the valve assembly as set forth with respect to separator 10 of solid-liquid

All gas that enters the vessel 316 passes through of ports 542 of gas and comes out with the clarified liquid. Alternatively, the gas can be removed from the flow of power before it enters the separator by passing the current  through a commercially available needle valve or other device designed to remove gases from fluid streams. In this embodiment, the gas ports 542 are warning mandatory.

One of the advantages of having a solid 540 disk, with which all the fluid has to pass around the perimeter thereof, is that the retention time of the fluid inside is extended of pressure vessel 316. In general, the longer the retention time more particulate matter will be separated from fluid. In alternative embodiments, however, the first disc 538 can be solid while the second disk 540 can have openings 540 formed therein.

Claims (47)

1. A procedure for the separation of particulate matter of a fluid in which matter in particles are suspended, the procedure comprising:

Introduction of a fluid containing particulate matter in a chamber (472) of a vessel (316) through an entrance, the chamber being delimited at least partially by a peripheral wall (468) and communicating the camera also with an output;

rotation of vessel around an axis (466) of rotation that extends through of the vessel so that at least a part of the matter in particles settle out of the fluid and against at least part of the peripheral wall of the vessel;

sending one withdrawal fluid stream into the rotating vessel at or contiguous the peripheral wall, so that the sending of the fluid Withdrawal into the vessel causes at least part of the particulate matter is deposited against the peripheral wall to be suspended again in the fluid;

extraction of glass of at least a part of the fluid that has matter in particles suspended back inside through a tube (412) extraction, the extraction tube having an opening (445) to receive the fluid in or adjacent to the peripheral wall; Y

withdrawal to through the outlet of the vessel of at least a part of the fluid from the that the matter in particles has settled;

characterized by rotation concurrently with the vessel (316) of a shaft assembly (322) that extends through, and is coupled with, the vessel (316), rotating the shaft assembly (322) around the axis of rotation; the introduction of the fluid stream of withdrawal in the chamber (472) through a sending channel (362) delimited by the shaft assembly (322); the introduction of the fluid that contains the particulate matter in the chamber (472) along a channel (372) input delimited by the shaft assembly (322), having the sending channel (362) and the input channel (372) each one axis longitudinal center extending along the axis (466) of rotation. 2. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, further comprising:

set (322) axis having an input shaft (350) that includes an axis (356) inner surrounded by an outer shaft (358);

the introduction of the withdrawal fluid stream in the chamber (472) through of the shipping channel (362) bounded by the inner surface (360) of the inner shaft (356); Y

the introduction of the fluid that contains the particulate matter in the chamber (472) along the inlet channel (372) formed between the shaft (356) inner and outer shaft (358) of input shaft (350).

3. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, further comprising:

arrest of fluid flow through the inlet and / or outlet of the vessel before of the act of sending the withdrawal fluid stream; Y

restart of fluid flow through the inlet and / or outlet after the termination of the extraction of at least a part of the fluid that Contains particulate matter suspended again.

4. A procedure in accordance with the claim 3, further comprising rotation continuation of the vessel for a predetermined period of time after termination of the act of extracting the fluid that contains the particulate matter suspended again but before restart of the fluid flow through the inlet and / or outlet, the sufficient predetermined period of time for at least one part of the suspended particulate matter again sediments again against the peripheral wall. 5. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, further comprising:

the act of introduction of the fluid comprising introduction of a component of the heavy fluid and a component of the light fluid in the vessel to through the entrance, collecting the heavy fluid compound around at least a part of the peripheral wall of the vessel radially out of the axis of rotation and collecting the light fluid component around the axis of rotation during vessel rotation;

withdrawal from light fluid component through the outlet; Y

withdrawal from heavy fluid component through the tube extraction.

6. A procedure in accordance with the claim 5, further comprising removing the component intermittently weighing the rotating vessel at the same time as the lightweight component is being continuously removed from the glass Rotary 7. A procedure in accordance with the claim 5, further comprising removing the component continuously weighing the rotating vessel at the same time as the lightweight component is being continuously removed from the glass Rotary 8. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, further comprising fluid pressurization inside the chamber of the glass. 9. A procedure in accordance with the claim 8, wherein the fluid is pressurized within the chamber at a pressure range between approximately 2.07 x 105 Pa and approximately 4.14 x 106 Pa. 10. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the withdrawal fluid is sent to the vessel to through a supply pipe of the extraction tube and the fluid that has particulate matter suspended back in its inside is removed through a tube withdrawal tube extraction. 11. A procedure in accordance with the claim 10, wherein one of the ducts of supply and withdrawal ducts are arranged one inside of the other. 12. A procedure in accordance with the claim 10, wherein the withdrawal fluid is sent to the vessel and the fluid that has particulate matter suspended again inside it is removed from the vessel through the same conduit of the extraction tube 13. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, wherein a plurality of separate fins are arranged inside the chamber of the vessel, defining the fins a plurality of fluid channels extending between the inlet and the outlet, introducing the fluid into the chamber of the vessel so such that at least one part of the fluid passes through the channels of fluid 14. A procedure in accordance with the claim 13, wherein a disk is projected externally from around the axis of rotation to around the wall peripheral, intersecting the disk with each of the plurality of fins, the fluid being introduced into the chamber, so that the fluid is forced to move around a perimeter outer disc. 15. A procedure in accordance with the claim 13, wherein a disk is projected externally from the axis of rotation towards the peripheral wall, intersecting the disk with each of the plurality of fins and having the disk a plurality of openings extending therethrough, the fluid being introduced into the chamber such that at least one apart from the fluid pass through the disc openings. 16. A procedure in accordance with the claim 13, wherein an opening is formed in each fin, of such that an annular fluid equalizer channel facilitates the fluid communication between each of the areas delimited by the fins, introducing the fluid into the chamber of the vessel so such that at least a part of the fluid travels inside the channel fluid equalizer. 17. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the inlet and outlet of the vessel surround the axis of rotation, or the axis of rotation extends through the same. 18. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the withdrawal fluid is sent through of a plurality of extraction tubes extending from the axis of rotation towards the peripheral wall. 19. A procedure in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the fluid inside it has the suspended particulate matter is again removed from the vessel at through a plurality of extraction tubes that extend from the rotation to the peripheral wall. 20. A procedure in accordance with the claim 5, wherein a first valve regulates the flow of the light fluid component through the outlet and a second valve regulates the flow of the heavy fluid component through of the extraction tube, the procedure also comprising:

adjustment of the first valve so that the light component comes out to a first pressure; Y

adjustment of the second valve so that the heavy component goes out to a second pressure, the second pressure being different than the first pressure, so that a boundary line is generated between the heavy component and the light component inside the chamber at a radial distance of the rotation axis.

21. A procedure in accordance with the claim 20, further comprising opening control and closing of at least one of the first valve and the second valve, so that the boundary line remains within a range of rotation axis distances when the percentages of heavy component and light component entering the glass. 22. A procedure in accordance with the claim 5, wherein a first valve regulates the flow of the light fluid component or heavy fluid component, The procedure also includes:

opening of the first valve when the fluid pressure of the light component or of the heavy component reach a predetermined upper limit; Y

closing of the first valve after a predefined time interval or when the fluid pressure of the light component or component heavy reach a predetermined lower limit.

23. A procedure in accordance with the claim 5, further comprising:

step of lightweight component through the outlet at a first pressure; Y

step of heavy component through the extraction tube to a second pressure, the first pressure and the second pressure of such that a boundary line is generated between the heavy component and the light component inside the chamber at a radial distance of the axis of rotation.

24. A procedure in accordance with the claim 23, wherein the first pressure is different than the second pressure 25. A separator comprising:

a glass (316) which has a chamber (472), a peripheral wall (468) that delimits the camera (472),

being the glass rotatable around an axis (466) of rotation that extends to through the glass, communicating the camera with an entrance and with a first exit;

a plurality of fins (482) arranged inside the chamber;

a first tube (420) extending from the axis of rotation towards the wall peripheral, the first tube being coupled with a fluid source to distribute at will a flow of fluid at or adjacent to the peripheral wall;

a second tube (412) extending from the axis of rotation towards the wall peripheral, the second tube having a first end in fluid communication with the outside of the vessel and a second end opposite that delimits a second exit (445), the first being output arranged closer to the axis of rotation than the second output so that during use a line can be formed fluid limit between the first exit and the second exit;

characterized by a shaft assembly (322) extending to through the vessel (316) and is coupled therewith, the shaft assembly (322) rotatable concurrently with the vessel around of the axis of rotation; a sending channel (362) delimited by the shaft assembly (322) and communicating with the first tube (420); an input channel (372) delimited by the shaft assembly (322) and communicating with the camera (362) and each input channel (372) having a central longitudinal axis that extends along the axis (466) of rotation. 26. A separator according to the claim 25 and further comprising:

set (322) axis having an input shaft (350) that includes an axis (356) inner surrounded by an outer shaft (358);

the channel (362) Shipping delimited by the inner surface (360) of the shaft (356) interior and that communicates with the first tube (420);

the channel (372) input formed between the inner shaft (356) and the shaft (358) outside the input shaft (350) and communicating with the camera (472).

27. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein one of the first tube and the Second tube is arranged inside the other. 28. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the first tube and the second tube are separated. 29. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the first tube and the second tube are integrally formed. 30. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the second tube is aligned with, or deviated from, the axis of rotation. 31. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the first tube and the second tube are combine to form an extraction tube, comprising the separator also a plurality of extraction tubes that extend from the axis of rotation to the peripheral wall. 32. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the first tube is also configured to extract fluid from the chamber of the vessel. 33. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the plurality of fins are separated and extend from the axis of rotation to the wall peripheral 34. A separator according to the claim 31, wherein each of the fins is arranged in a respective plane that is aligned with, or offset from, the axis of rotation 35. A separator according to the claim 25, further comprising a first disk arranged inside the chamber, projecting the first disc outwardly to intersect with each of the plurality of fins. 36. A separator according to the claim 35, wherein the first disk is radially projected on the outside, in substantially perpendicular alignment with the axis of rotation. 37. A separator according to the claim 25, further comprising a plurality of perforations that extend through the first disc. 38. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the first disk is disposed adjacent to the second tube. 39. A separator according to the claim 25, further comprising a plurality of discs separated arranged inside the chamber, projecting each disc radially outside the axis of rotation to the peripheral wall to intersect with each of the plurality of fins. 40. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein each of the plurality of fins it has an outer edge, at least a portion of each outer edge adjacent to the peripheral wall to form a plurality of discrete flow channels. 41. A separator according to the claim 40, further comprising:

the glass that it has an equator with a maximum diameter that surrounds the axis of rotation; Y

a passage that extends between at least two of the discrete flow channels in the equator.

42. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the camera has a configuration substantially spherical or the configuration of a double cone truncated. 43. A separator according to the claim 25, further comprising a valve activated by pressure that regulates the flow of fluid that flows through the first exit. 44. A separator according to the claim 25, further comprising:

a first valve that regulates the flow of fluid that flows through the first exit;

A second valve that regulates the flow of fluid that flows through the second exit;

a first sensor pressure set to detect the current fluid pressure above the first valve, and a second pressure sensor arranged to detect the fluid pressure upstream of the Second valve

45. A separator according to the claim 44, wherein the first valve and the second valve are configured to maintain a differential pressure between same.

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46. A separator according to the claim 44, further comprising a controller in electrical communication with the first valve, the second valve, the first pressure pressure sensor and the second sensor Pressure. 47. A separator according to the claim 25, wherein the entry is arranged in the first end of the glass and the first exit is arranged over a second opposite end of the glass.