ES2281684T3 - DRIVING MECHANISM FOR A SWITCHING AND PROCEDURE INSTALLATION FOR OPERATION. - Google Patents

Abstract

Drive mechanism for the synchronous operation of a plurality of vacuum circuit breakers (35). It comprises energy storage means (6), conversion means (37) for converting energy stored in the energy storage means (6) into an operation of switching off the vacuum circuit breakers (35) and for switching on the vacuum circuit breakers (35), in which latter process energy is simultaneously stored in the energy storage means (6). The conversion means (37) comprise first transfer means which can move substantially in a first direction and second transfer means which can move substantially in a second direction. The conversion means also comprise at least one connecting rod (4, 4'), which on one side (23, 23') is rotatably secured to the first transfer means and on a second side (22, 22') is rotatably secured to the second transfer means. The drive mechanism also comprises a trip mechanism which interacts with the drive mechanism and a disconnector drive mechanism (70) for the simultaneous operation of disconnectors (73).

Description

Drive mechanism for an installation of switching and procedure for its operation.

The invention relates to a mechanism of drive which, with the help of the energy stored in energy storage media and with the help of media conversion, is used to incorporate a switch composed of one or more vacuum circuit breakers in an electrical circuit or to open This switch in it. The circuit in question, for example, it can comprise a cable, the switch and a rail system, in in which case the switch connects or disconnects the cable to the system rail. More particularly, the present invention relates to a drive mechanism according to the preamble of the claim 1. In a further aspect, the present invention is refers to a procedure for the operation of a mechanism of actuation of this type, in accordance with the preamble of the claim 8.

A drive mechanism of this type is known for example from patent publication EP-A 0 450 194, which describes a mechanism of switching drive In one of the embodiments described, a selection switch is used to connect a switching field to both a rail and ground system.

In the case of a switching installation of three phases, switches of this type are composed of three poles, which can incorporate or interrupt a phase of the installation in the circuit. In this context, it is important that three poles connect and disconnect simultaneously, so that are operated synchronously as a single switch. This generally achieved by attaching the levers that act the poles separated through a drive shaft. I also know you have to try to limit the dimensions of the installation of switching to the maximum extent possible in order to obtain an installation Compact that is easy to install in a limited space.

In addition, the drive mechanisms of this type have to be able to have enough energy to be able to apply the required connection and disconnection speeds to main contacts, which means forces appear considerable in the mechanism. In order to ensure a force of sufficient contact, considerable forces are required and they have to Be absorbed by the mechanism.

Additionally, it has been found that the failures that occur in practice in switching facilities are attributable to a significant degree to defects in the mechanism of drive

To improve reliability and reduce maintenance need, you usually try to design the drive mechanism to make it as simple as possible with the minimum possible number of components.

Finally, it has also been found that faults in the operation of switching facilities are attributable to a significant degree to the drive mechanism and in particular they are caused because the mechanism is affected by the environment, for example corrosion and dust contamination from of lubricants and drying of the latter.

It is an object of the invention to provide a drive mechanism that meets the conditions above mentioned imposed on the drive mechanisms, in particular regarding the compactness of the installation of global switching and in which simplification is achieved additional and a further reduction in the number of components compared to known drive mechanisms.

For this purpose, the present invention provides a drive mechanism according to claim 1. The construction that uses a lever type strip makes possible to exert a high force of compression or traction with a relatively low torque at the end of a turning movement of the disconnector drive shaft.

In a further embodiment, the tree actuator switch can be additionally turned to a third position, in which each of the plurality of disconnectors form an electrical connection between the pole of the switching element and grounding, in a position of ground connection which corresponds to the third position. This makes it possible to ground parts of the installation of switching if necessary. It is preferable that the position of rail and grounding position form positions ends of the drive shaft, with the interruption position between them.

The connection between the disconnectors and the poles of the switching elements have both a function of Electric conduction as a mechanical function. For example, while maintaining a good electrically conductive connection, a rectilinear displacement up and down is also possible below the switching elements and a rotating movement of the disconnectors around the connection. In situations of this type gets used to using what's known as connections of braided cable. However, these are relatively expensive, They require additional assembly work and take up more space. By therefore, according to the invention, a connection is used sliding, in which the joint is integrated around which turn the disconnectors.

In an additional advantageous embodiment, the connection between the radially extending strip and the strip of the type of lever is attached to a tension spring which pushes the connection to a stop. This makes it possible to define two states stable (preferably the lane position and the position of ground connection).

In a further embodiment, the disconnectors move in a plane of motion which is perpendicular to the first direction, so that it becomes possible a compact and functionally reliable structure.

In a further embodiment, the drive mechanism also comprises a front module, provided with a stop button for operating the drive mechanism safety, a first hole to drive the shaft, a second hole for drive shaft drive of the disconnector and a selector element with three positions, the selector element being designed to open the first hole in a first position, lock the first and second holes in a second position and open the second hole in a third position. This makes it possible to impose an operating sequence previously determined, which offers advantages in the field of safety and ease of use.

In still a further embodiment, the drive mechanism is accommodated in a room conditioned. This means that there may be less pollution. which causes failures through corrosion or other mechanisms.

In a further aspect, the present invention refers to a procedure for the operation of a switching facility which is equipped with a mechanism of drive according to the present invention, in which the switching facility has a first maneuver state in the which each of a series of switching elements is disconnected and each of the plurality of disconnectors is in the first position, and a second maneuver state, in which each of the plurality of switching elements is disconnected and each of the plurality of disconnectors is in the third position and a third maneuver state in which each of the plurality of switching elements is connected and each one of the plurality of disconnectors is in the first position. In each of the maneuver states the selector element is in position two and the switching installation changes from the first maneuver state to the second maneuver state by placing the selector element in position three, the shaft being rotated actuation of the disconnector to the grounding state and the selector element being restored to position two; the switching installation changes from the second state of maneuver to the first maneuver state as a result of the selector element is placed in position three, the drive shaft of the disconnector to the rail position and the selector element being restored to position two; the switching installation changes from the first maneuver state to the third maneuver state as a result of the element selector is placed in position one, the tree being turned to the connection position of the plurality of switching elements and the selector element being restored to position two; and the switching facility moves from the third state of maneuver to the first maneuver state by actuating the disconnect button

Defining only four transactions between Three maneuver states allow unambiguous operation,  reliable and safe switching facility that has the drive mechanism Each transition assumes at most one change in the state of both the switching elements and of The disconnectors.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the drive mechanism additionally it can be in a series of maintenance states, in which The selector element is in the first position. By way of For example, it is possible to block access to the premises where you are placed the switching facility, or part of it, such as for example the cable connection compartment, in the second or third position of the selector element. This increases the safety of the switching installation, even during maintenance

The present invention is going to explain more forward based on a series of embodiments copies with reference to the drawings in which:

Figures 1a and 1b show an illustration simplified of a drive mechanism in various states of maneuver;

Figures 2a-c show a simplified illustration of a security mechanism;

Figures 3a-d show a simplified illustration of an alternative to the mechanism of security shown in figures 2a-c.

Figures 4a and 4b show respectively a side view and a front view of the drive mechanism for disconnectors according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figures 5a and 5b show a larger view scale of sections Va and Vb from figures 4a and 4b;

Figure 6 is a plan view of a drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figures 7a and 7b show, in two parts, a flow chart for the operation of an installation of switching according to the present invention.

Figure 1a shows a schematic illustration simplified of an embodiment of the mechanism of drive 1. The bottom of the diagram shows three switching elements in the form of a vacuum circuit breaker 35 with the respective fixed contacts 21, 21 ', 21' 'and the contacts 20, 20 ', 20' 'phones, which are surrounded by respective vacuum tubes 19, 19 'and 19' '. 20 mobile contacts are fixedly connected to the respective rods of insulation 18, 18 ', 18' '. Insulation rods 18 are connected to drive mechanism 1 through a connection 17, 17 ', 17' ', for example a clamp connection. In the state depicted in figure 1a, vacuum circuit breakers 35 are in the open position (disconnected).

The drive mechanism 1 comprises means of energy storage in the form of a closing spring 6, the which on one side is fixed to a fixed joint 7 and on the other side is fixed to an eccentrically placed fixing point 9 of an eccentric 8 which is rotatably fixed in the fixed turning point 10. The eccentric 8 can be operated through from tree 31 and can be moved using a motor or by hand. In the position shown, the closing spring 6 is in a resting position, in which the closing spring 6 is at its minimum tension

On its periphery, the eccentric 8 is provided of a cam 11 which interacts with a cam probe of 12. The cam probe 12 is attached to a first transfer means the which comprises a third rod 2 which can be displaced substantially in a first direction, which is horizontal in the He drew. This is done by the third rod 2 that is attached rotatably at its ends 23, 23 'to one end of a first rod 3 and a second rod 3 ', respectively, the first rod 3 and the second rod 3 'being the same length and at its other ends being fixed to a joint fixed 5 and 5 ', respectively. The first transfer means 12, 2, 3, 3 'can move in a horizontal direction between a first position (represented in figure 1a) and a second position (represented in figure 1b), which are defined by a first stop 24 and a second stop 25, respectively, with the which clashes connection 23 between the first rod 3 and the third rod 2. The stops 24 'and 25' of this type are also present for connection 23 'between the second rod 3' and the third rod 2.

The drive mechanism 1 comprises also a second means of transfer, which can be shift substantially in a second direction, than in the Drawing is vertical. The second transfer means comprises a sixth rod 13, to which a switching bridge is connected 14, together, as if they were forming an articulated connection the which can be moved up and down. Restriction of the movement is caused by the fact that a rod additional 29 is connected on one side to the sixth rod 13 and in the other side to a fixed joint 30 substantially to it height. Additionally, in the embodiment represented the movement is limited by the fact that two are present connecting rods 4, 4 ', which rigidly connect the means of First and second transfer to each other. On one side, a fourth rod 4 is connected to one end of the sixth rod 13, while on the other side it is connected to connection point 23 between the first and third rods 3 and 2, respectively. In a side, a fifth rod 4 'is connected to the other end of the sixth rod 13 and on the other side is connected to the point of 23 'connection between the second and third rods 3' and 2, respectively.

On the lower side, the switching bridge 14 it is provided with the respective compression springs of previously tensioned contact 15, 15 ', 15' 'which interact with the respective hammer blocks or contact pins 16, 16 ', 16' 'that are connected to clamping connections 17, 17', 17 '' in order to finally move the mobile contacts 20, 20 ', twenty''. Additionally, in the embodiment represented the drive mechanism 1 comprises two compensation springs 28, 28 ', which are attached to the switching bridge 14. The switching bridge 14 can form an integrated module together with the sixth rod 13, compression springs 15, 15 ', 15' 'and springs of compensation 28, 28 '.

Additionally, a ratchet spring 26 is rotatably fixed to third rod 2 in position shown in figure 1a hooks behind the stop 27 and prevents the third rod 2 moves to the right.

The drawing indicates that the structure of the Switching installation can be considered modular. The switching elements of the vacuum circuit breakers 35 are connected through clamping connections 17 to the bridge integrated switching 36 (bridge 14, compensation springs 28, 28 ', contact compression springs 15, 15', 15 '', blocks of hammer or contact pins 16, 16 ', 16' '), which in turn is connected to drive mechanism 37. Thus, it is also easy for this drive mechanism 37 to accommodate in a conditioned room that is tightly closed isolated of the environment, so that the mechanism is less susceptible to failures caused by environmental influences, such as pollution or corrosion

The operation of the device Drive 1 will be described in the text that follows. As indicated above, Figure 1a shows the position of disconnection, which represents a first stable state of the mechanism drive. The closing spring 6 is placed in its point lower dead. The first phase of maneuver is the phase of energy storage, in which the closing spring 6 is tensioned through the shaft 31 in figure 1a which is rotated around 180º, so that the closing spring 6 moves to its top dead center, in which maximum storage is reached of energy During this phase of energy storage, tree 31 it is driven by hand or by means of an engine, with the shaft 31 and the manual drive or motor being coupled only in the drive address This phase of energy storage is apply during a turn of tree 31 of at least 180º and as maximum, for example, 190º. Since the maximum amount of energy stored in the closing spring decreases again after a 180º turn, the maximum turn in the energy storage phase is dependent, among other things, on the question of whether you have to make available or not the maximum amount of energy stored in the closing spring 6. In addition, the transition to the next phase is more clearly defined if this maximum rotation is additional more beyond the deadlock of 180º.

The next phase in the maneuver is the phase of energy release, in which the energy that has been stored in the closing spring 6 is released as soon as the spring of closure 6 passes beyond its top dead center, that is, so less after 180º of rotation of tree 31. During this phase of energy release, tree 31 is powered by the energy that is released and will continue to rotate along with the eccentric 8 fixed to it and to cam 11. Taking into account the shape of cam 11 of the eccentric 8 and the position of the ratchet spring 26, the cam 11 will first drag the ratchet spring 26 out of its stop 27, so that the third rod 2 can move freely to the right. The force of the closing spring 6 which acts on the eccentric 8 and the shape of the cam 11 then causes that the cam probe 12 is dragged to the right, of so that the set comprising the transfer means first and second and the connecting rods 4, 4 'be put on movement until the first transfer means reaches the second position, which is defined by the position of the stop 25 or 25 '. Obviously, there are other possible ways to carry out the blocking and subsequent unlocking of the first media movement of transfer. During the move to the second position, the second means of transfer comprising the sixth rod 13 and switching bridge 14 are moved towards down. The downward movement continues until the contacts 20, 21 of the switching elements in the tubes empty 19 close. Then, the sixth rod 13 moves slightly down (approximately 3 mm), with the result of that the respective hammer blocks or contact pins 16 are move slightly upwards and place the springs of contact compression 15 under even greater tension. In the second position, therefore, a contact pressure occurs large enough between contacts 20, 21. Also the compensation springs 28, 28 'are additionally compressed by the downward movement of the sixth rod 13.

The connection position of the mechanism drive 1 which has been reached is now represented in the Figure 1b and therefore represents the second stable position of the drive mechanism The correct selection of dimensions and positions of the various components makes possible to ensure that the first rod 3 and the vertical part of the switching bridge 14 (or the second rod 3 'and the part vertical of the switching bridge 14) form a very small angle between them. This makes it possible, particularly in the final phase of the displacement from the disconnected position to the position of connection, exert a great force directed downward and blocking using a very small force in relative terms. Blocking in this second stable position of the drive mechanism is get blocking cam 12 probe with cam 11 so that do not move back to the first position, that is, moving away of stops 25 or 25 '. Cam 11 in turn is locked out of such so that it cannot be turned additionally by a mechanism of security, for example as described in more detail more ahead.

As shown, the closing spring 6 is approximately 15º before its bottom dead center in this locked position. The force drops over the block before this position of the bottom dead center and the way in which it is implanted the lock makes it possible to use the remaining energy stored in the closing spring 6 to move the cam and cam 11 attached thereto further below cam probe 12, thereby eliminating the blocking action.

To move the drive mechanism of turn out of the connection position to the position of disconnection, that is, out of the second position stable to the first stable position of the drive mechanism, is therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the blockage that prevents the cam 11 turn. The removal of the block allows the eccentric 8 turn further and cam 11 moves forward by under cam probe 12, with the result that, between other things as a result of the energy stored in the springs of compensation 28, 28 ', the second transfer means is will move up and in the process force to the first means of transfer with cam probe 12 attached thereto to move to the left in the direction of the stop 24, 24 '. During this movement of the drive mechanism, the energy in the three contact compression springs 15 also It is released. However, the isolation rods 18 only begin to move if the hammer blocks or pegs Contact 16 are also transported together. This so both results in a sudden synchronous movement with a high energy, with the result that contacts 20, 21 are separated each other, even if they are attached to each other, for example if you have A short circuit has occurred.

Drive mechanism 1 continues moving until the first position of the third rod 2 (against stops 24, 24 '). In the last section of the displacement of the third rod 2 towards the left, the ratchet spring 26 engages again behind from its top 27, thereby avoiding repeated movement unnecessary of contacts of vacuum circuit breakers 35 approaching and moving away from each other (bounce). As a result of the force exerted by compensation springs 28, 28 ', the drive mechanism will remain in its first position stable.

Drive shaft 31 rotates during the travel cycles of the drive mechanism, outside of the first stable position through the second stable position back to the first stable position, through 360º, the tree of drive 31, during an energy storage phase, being operated through at least the first 180º in order of supplying energy to the energy storage means, after which this energy, during a release phase of the energy that covers the subsequent 165º and the final 15º respectively, it is released in order to displace the mechanism of drive, through drive shaft 31, to the second or the first stable position.

Figures 2a-c show a simplified illustration of an example of a security mechanism to release the movement of the drive mechanism 1 to The disconnection position. Figure 2a shows that an eccentric additional 51 is fixed to the same shaft 31 of the eccentric 8 of the drive mechanism 1. In the embodiment represented, the additional eccentric is provided with a trigger of ratchet 57 in a suitable position on its periphery. Obviously, the ratchet trigger can be an integral part. of the additional eccentric 51, or alternatively the trigger of ratchet 57 can also be directly attached to tree 31. In the state represented in Figure 2a, the ratchet trigger 57 prevents it from turning to the right using a hook 58 which it is part of a first lever 50. The first lever 50 rotates around a first joint 52 and is dragged down by means of the reset or reset spring 55, which in one side is fixed to a fixed joint 56 and on the other side it is fixed to the first lever 50. As an alternative, the reset spring 55 can be omitted, since the gravity force will also cause the first lever 50 Fall back to the starting position. A second lever 54 rotates around a second joint 53 and holds the first lever 50 at point 59.

For safety purposes, the second lever 54 is turn to the right, for example by means of a push button and an adequate system of levers. In the process, the first lever 50 is also transported and turned to the left, with the result of the hook 58 sliding out of the ratchet trigger 57 and the eccentric 8 starts to turn to the right (as result of the pulling force of the closing spring 6, see Figure 1a) towards the disconnection position (Figure 2b). When the push button is released, the first and second levers 50, 54 they return to their original positions (figure 2c).

Figures 3a-d show simplified sketches of an alternative to the security mechanism with the possibility of electrical operation. Compared to embodiment represented in figure 2, in this case the second lever 54 and associated joint 53 have been omitted. By On the other hand, the components that have the same function in the Figures 3a-d have been indicated by them reference numbers as in figures 2a-c. It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the two embodiments can also be combined, so that it is possible an electrical and mechanical drive of the mechanism security.

As shown in Figure 3a, the mechanism safety comprises a magnetic clamping system, which comprises a clamping plate 60 which in the rest position is attracted by a magnetic stock 63. The support action of the magnetic stock can be removed by means of a coil 62. A shaft 64, which leans against the first lever 50, is fixed to the clamping plate 60. As a result of a spring of security 61, which is placed between a surrounding housing the clamping plate 60 and the cylinder head 63 and the shaft 64, there will be a force that is placed to drag the clamping plate 60 and the tree 64 up, which occurs if a current that eliminates the clamping action passes through the coil 62 (figure 3b). As a result, the first lever 50 is turned to the left and the hook 58 will release the ratchet trigger 57. A pulse of electric power, for example 50 mJ is enough to eliminate a clamping force that is three times greater than the force of the usual safety spring, with the result that the first 50 lever will rotate. Obviously, the action of the mechanism of drive 1 (see above) rotates additional eccentric 51 approximately 15º additional (figure 3c). If the mechanism of drive 1 is then tensioned by shaft 31 which is rotated additionally to the right, a section facing up of the first lever 50 will be dragged down keeping in counts the shape of the additional eccentric 51. As a result, the first lever 50 is further rotated to the right and the shaft 64 and clamping plate 60 are pressed down until the clamping plate is again held in place by cylinder head 63. The clamping force of the clamping system magnetic is preferably large enough that be able to withstand considerable shock movements (for example> 2500 m / s2) in the most unfavorable direction, avoiding in that way an undesirable effect.

In an alternative embodiment of the electrically operated locking mechanism represented in the Figures 3a-d, instead of the passive magnetic system which has a coil, an armor, a permanent magnet and a plate clamping, an active magnetic system is used that has a coil and armor. The required movements are made in this case activating the coil at the right time in order to move the first lever 51 out of its resting position.

In general, a switching facility such as the one described above comprises, for each phase, a disconnector 73 that allows the installation parts of switching be disconnected from each other and ground. He operating mechanism 70 of disconnectors 73 can be part or be integrated in the drive mechanism 1 as has been described before. However, the maneuvering mechanism 70 is also Can consider as an isolated independent set.

Figure 4a shows a side view schematic of a section of a switching installation. The switching installation comprises at least one element of switching, such as a vacuum circuit breaker 35, a disconnector 73, connected to circuit breaker 35, on one side, a rail contact 71 and a grounding contact 72. The disconnector 73 can be electrically connect to the mobile contact of the vacuum circuit breaker 35 to rail contact 71 (first position), may not form connection (second position) or can be connected to the contact of ground connection 72 (third position). In the facilities of three phases, these components are present in triplicate in Each functional set. This is represented in the front view. schematic presented in figure 4b.

The drive rod 18 of the circuit breaker vacuum 35 is actuated by drive mechanism 1, part upper left in figure 4a. In one embodiment, the switch 73 is electrically connected to the mobile contact of the circuit breaker 35 by means of a sliding contact, so that the Switch mobile contact can be moved without move one side of the disconnector 73. In the case of the circuit breaker empty 35, the disconnector 73 is fixed by means of a joint 74 and in a position additionally placed towards the other end is connected to a drive rod of the isolation switch 76 through a joint 75. As result of this disconnector actuator rod 76 being shifts substantially vertically, switch 73 is shifted between rail contact 71 and connection contact to ground 72 rotating around the joint 74. The disconnector 73 can be designed with any known embodiment that is in practical use. It is preferable that the disconnector be manufactured from two identical halves which run parallel to each other and at one end surround the sliding contact and at the other end they surround the rail or the connection contact to ground, with joint 74 being integrated with the contact slider This allows a compact structure, simple and not face.

As depicted in Figure 4b, each of the actuator rods of disconnector 76 is connected to a disconnector rod 82 by means of an articulated joint 86.

The action of the maneuvering mechanism 70 is done clearer with reference to figure 5a, which represents a larger scale view of section Va of figure 4a. A tree switch disconnector 77 is rotated in order to drive the disconnector 73. A strip 78, which extends radially from the drive shaft of the disconnector 77, it is fixed in right angles to the end of the drive shaft of the disconnector 77. An articulation pin 79, on which it is articulated a lever type strip 80, is fixed to the other end of the strip 78. The lever-shaped strip 80 can be move in a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the drive shaft of disconnector 77. The other end of the lever-shaped strip 80 in turn is fixed to the strip of the disconnector 82 by means of an articulation pin 81. The bar of switch 82 is designed, for example with the help of two guide pins, to execute a movement substantially linear, for example in the vertical direction in the drawing and this movement is transmitted to the drive rods of the isolation switch 76.

Figure 5b also shows a section of the sectioning mechanism, which shows in more detail section Vb in Figure 4b The articulation pin 79 is dragged constantly to the right by means of a tension spring 84 (see also Figure 4b), resulting in two positions of repose. When the disconnector drive shaft 77 is rotated to the left as seen in the drawing, the pin of additional joint 81 (and therefore the disconnector bar 82) finally it will be placed in its lowest position, with the articulation pin 79 pulled towards a stop 83 by the tension spring 84. Then from Figure 4a you can see that the disconnector is then in the lane position. If he drive shaft of switch 77 is turned to the right, the disconnector bar 82 will finally be placed in the upper position, in which the switch 73 is connected to the grounding contact 72 (grounding position) and in which the articulation pin 79 is pulled in turn towards the stop 83. In an intermediate position, the end of the switch 73 is not in contact with rail contact 71 or with grounding contact 72 (position of interruption).

Considering the design of the strip type lever 80, it is possible to obtain a compression force or high traction at the end of the movement with a moment of relatively low torque of the drive shaft of the disconnector 77. As a result of the placement of the stop 83 towards the right of the connection line between drive shaft 77 and the additional articulation pin 81, it is possible to block the grounding position or position status of rail.

Figure 6 shows a plan view of the combined drive mechanism according to a form of embodiment of the present invention. Some have been omitted components for the sake of clarity. A front module 95, which connect the operating side of the switching installation to the drive mechanism 1, is placed on the front side of the switching installation (the lower side of figure 6). He maneuvering side comprises a disconnect button 91, which drives the safety mechanism 90 through a tree of disconnection 96 in order to disconnect the switching elements of The switching facility. Additionally, the front side it comprises a first hole 92, in which a key for the purpose of the drive mechanism drive 1 and safety / locking mechanism 90 through the tree 31. There is a second hole 93 in order to allow the disconnector mechanism 70 is operated using a key to through the drive shaft of the disconnector 77.

To protect the mechanism from contamination and Corrosion can be placed in a conditioned room. The tree 31 and the disconnector drive shaft 77 are guided then through hermetically sealed steps 85 within this conditioned premises, in which the disconnector drive 70 and drive mechanism 1. Additionally, a selector 94 which opens the first hole 92 in a first position, close both holes 92, 93 in one second position and open the second hole 93 in a third position, is placed between the first and second holes 92, 93.

The orientation of the various components which have been selected and described with reference to figures creates a drive mechanism which is of a design extremely compact although it is fast enough and powerful

As described before, the mechanism of Drive can be operated by hand. However, it is also possible to use drives or motors to drive the mechanism operated remotely by electrical means and optionally automatically

The operation of the installation of switching according to the present invention will now be explained with reference to the flow chart depicted in figures 7a and 7b In the switching state of the switching installation there are three stable states, characterized by three installation features:

- the installation is disconnected 101 (the switching elements 35 disconnected; the switch 76 in lane position; selector 94 in the second position);

- the installation is released for the operation 102 (switching elements 35 disconnected; the switch 76 in the grounding position; the selector 94 in the second position);

- the installation is in operation 103 (the switching elements 35 connected; the switch 76 in lane position; selector 94 in the second position).

From disconnection state 101 is possible to move it to the connected position 103 (block of decision 105) placing selector 94 in the first position and using the key to turn the tree 31 clockwise and leading then to selector 9 back to the second position (block 106).

From the connected position 103, only it is possible to switch to disconnect position 101 (block of decision 109) by pressing the disconnect button 91 (block 110) or through the safety coil.

As of disconnection state 101, it is possible to move it to the release state for operation 102 (decision block 107) by placing selector 94 on the third position and using the key in hole 93 to turn the drive shaft of switch 77 to the right, removing the key and returning selector 94 to position two (block 108).

From the release state for the operation 102 it is not possible to move it directly to the state connected 103. It is possible to change the release status for the operation 102 to disconnect state 101 (decision block 111) again placing selector 94 in the third position (block 112), using the key in hole 93 to turn the disconnector drive shaft to the left, removing the key and returning selector 94 to position two (block 113).

Obviously, from the state of liberation for operation 102 it is possible to switch to one of the four maintenance states (through intermediate block 115), in which can be carried out any maintenance of the installation or of the power supply cable that is connected to the fixed contact of one of the switching elements. At stable state of maintenance, switch 73 is connected to ground and selector 94 is in position one. As a result of that selector 94 is placed in position one, the access to drive shaft 31.

This firstly implies displacement to the "grounded cable" state 120, placing the selector 94 in position one, checking that the cable is free of tension, adjusting the key inside the first hole 92 and using it to turn tree 31 clockwise (block 124). As a result, switch 35 closes and the cable connects to ground through switch 35 and disconnector 73.

It is possible then to choose to gain access to cable connection compartment (decision block 125). This is achieved by opening an access door (block 126). From this state 121 is possible, for example, to move it to a state 122 (decision block 127) in which the cable can be pressed. This is done by removing the cable end cap, placing instead a pressure tool and disconnecting the switch 35 using the disconnect button 91 (block 128). Be leave this state again 122 (decision block 129) returning to previous state 121, as a result of the switch 35 being reconnect (using the key in the first hole 92 to turn tree 31 clockwise), removing the tool from pressure and replacing the end cap (block 130).

It is possible then to return to the maneuver state "release for operation" or "disconnection" (decision block 127) closing the door (block 131), disconnecting the switch using the disconnect button 91 (block 132). The installation is returned to the release state for operation (decision block 133) by placing the selector in position two (block 134 and intermediate block 116). Is possible to return to the "disconnect" state (through the block intermediate 117) by placing the selector in position three and using the key in the second hole 93 to turn the tree actuator switch 77 to the left, removing the key and placing the selector in position two (block 113 in the figure 7a).

It is also possible to pass from the state of "grounded cable" 120 to one state "cable connected to  ground and locked "123, for example if it is necessary to carry perform a job on the cable in another location and it's definitely It is desirable that this cable be grounded. For this one purpose, there may be a clamp locking the ground connection which can be removed and locked using a padlock or similar (block 135). This state 123 is you can leave again (decision block 136), removing the padlock and pushing the grounding clamp again from turn (block 137). Then it is possible to return both to the state of release for operation 102 as to disconnection state 101 by switching off switch 35 using the button of disconnection 91 (block 132).

Claims (9)

1. Drive mechanism for actuating a series of switching elements (35) also comprising a maneuvering mechanism (70) for operating a plurality of disconnectors (73) between a first position, in which each of the plurality of disconnectors (73) forms an electrical connection between a pole of an associated switching element (35) and a contact of the associated rail (71) and a second position in which each of the plurality of disconnectors (73) does not form an electrical connection with the contact of the associated rail (71), in which the maneuvering mechanism comprises an actuator shaft of the disconnector (77) which can rotate around its axis and a radially extending strip is attached thereto ( 78) a disconnector rod (82) which can be moved substantially in a linear direction and is connected, through the respective actuator rod of the disconnector (76), to each of the p lurality of disconnectors (73), so that it is possible for the actuator shaft of the disconnector (77) to rotate between a rail position, which corresponds to a first position and an interruption position, which corresponds to the second position characterized because a strip of the lever type (80) is rotatably attached to the radially extending strip (78), it pulls the lever type which can be moved in a plane perpendicular to the actuator shaft of the disconnector (77), the other side of which is rotatably attached to the disconnector rod (82). 2. The drive mechanism as claim in claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of disconnectors (73) can be moved to a third position in which each of the plurality of disconnectors (73) forms an electrical connection between the pole of the element switching (35) and a grounding contact (72) and also, the actuator shaft of the disconnector (77) can be turned to a grounding position which corresponds to the third position. 3. The drive mechanism as claim in claim 1 or 2 wherein the disconnectors (73) are designed as two identical halves which run parallel to each other and on the side of the electrical connection to the poles of the switching elements are provided with contacts sliders in which the joints (74) are integrated and around which the disconnectors rotate (73). 4. The drive mechanism as claim in claim 1 or 2 wherein the connection (79) between the radially extending strip (78) and the strip of the type of lever (80) is attached to a tension spring (84) which drag the connection (79) towards a stop (83). 5. The drive mechanism as claims in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the disconnectors (73) move in a plane of motion which is perpendicular To the first address. 6. The drive mechanism as claims in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the drive mechanism also comprises a front module (95) provided with a stop button (91) for actuating the safety mechanism, a first hole (92) for the shaft drive (31), a second hole (93) for the drive of the disconnector drive shaft and a selector element (94) with three positions, the selector element (94) being designed to open the first hole (92) in a first position, to block the first and second holes (92, 93) in a second position and to open the second hole (93) in A third position. 7. The drive mechanism as claimed in any of the preceding claims in the that the drive mechanism is accommodated in a room conditioned. 8. Operation of a switching installation which is equipped with a drive mechanism as claimed in claims 2 and 6 wherein the switching installation has a first operating state, in which each of a series of elements of switching (35) is disconnected and each of the plurality of disconnectors (73) is in the first position, and a second operating state, in which each of the plurality of switching elements (35) is disconnected and each one of the plurality of disconnectors (73) is in the third position and a third operating state in which each of the plurality of switching elements (35) is connected and each of the plurality of disconnectors (73) is in the first position, characterized in that: in each of the maneuver states the selector element (94) is in position two and the installation of switching changes from the first maneuver state to the second operating state by placing the selector element (94) in the position three, the drive shaft of the disconnector (77) to the grounding state and the element selector (94) being reset to position two; the switching installation changes from the second maneuver state to the first maneuver state as result that the selector element (94) is placed in the position three, the disconnector drive shaft (77) being rotated to the lane position and the selector element (94) being restored to position two; the switching installation changes from the first maneuver state to the third maneuver state as result that the selector element (94) is placed in the position one, the shaft (31) being turned to the connection position of the plurality of switching elements (35) and the selector element (94) being restored to position two; Y the switching installation moves from the third maneuver state to the first maneuver state by the activation of the disconnect button (91). 9. The operation of an installation of switching as claimed in claim 8 wherein the drive mechanism can also be in a series of maintenance states in which the selector element (94) It is in the first position.